Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"Autochthonous outbreak of respiratory diphtheria caused by <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i>, Germany, September 2024.","authors":"Anja Berger, Alexandra Dangel, Katja Bengs, Sandra Schlotmann, Peter Thomaßen, Claudia Maday, Carmen Rubach, Inas Abdelgawad, Gabriele Namaschk, Lena Schneider, Delphine Perriat, Franziska Badenschier, Cornelius Rau, Mark Muscat, Andreas Sing","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2500116","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2500116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In September 2024, a school-aged child (P1), unvaccinated against diphtheria, was hospitalised with severe respiratory diphtheria caused by toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae.</i> P1 subsequently died from the disease. The child's mother (P2) had pharyngitis 9 days before the onset of symptoms of P1 and subsequently tested positive for <i>C. diphtheriae</i>. In multilocus sequence typing (MLST), the <i>C. diphtheriae</i> isolates from P1 and P2 were of sequence type (ST) 574. In core genome (cg)MLST, they were clonal, suggesting recent human-to-human transmission. This indicates the first autochthonous respiratory diphtheria outbreak by toxigenic <i>C. diphtheriae</i> in Germany since 1984 with epidemiologically- and molecularly-confirmed transmission. Furthermore, the isolates were close to isolates from patients with cutaneous diphtheria among people experiencing homelessness in two major German cities in 2023 and 2024, and to isolates from an outbreak among newly arriving migrants across several European countries, including Germany, detected in 2022. This indicates transmission beyond vulnerable groups. Our findings illustrate the potential of <i>C. diphtheriae</i> spreading further from patients with cutaneous diphtheria and even causing outbreaks of respiratory diphtheria. Given the potentially serious complications of respiratory diphtheria, including death, equitably achieving and maintaining high vaccination coverage among the whole population, especially among vulnerable people is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12262112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent informal use of doxycycline post- and pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men and transgender and gender diverse people, the Netherlands, 2024.","authors":"Buhari Teker, Elske Hoornenborg, Maarten F Schim van der Loeff, Anders Boyd, Janneke Cm Heijne, Maria Prins, Udi Davidovich, Henry Jc de Vries, Vita W Jongen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.26.2400707","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.26.2400707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDDoxycycline post-exposure and pre-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP/PrEP) to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is not part of standard practice in the Netherlands but may be used informally (without prescription).AIMWe assessed informal use and intention to use doxyPEP/PrEP among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender and gender diverse people in the Netherlands.METHODSBetween 26 February and 6 May 2024, we conducted an online survey on informal doxyPEP/PrEP use in the preceding 6 months and intention to use. We assessed the determinants of recent informal use and high intention to use using risk ratio regression.RESULTSOf the 1,633 participating individuals (96.7% MSM) 246 (15%) reported doxyPEP/PrEP use in the preceding 6 months. Informal use was more common among participants who used HIV PrEP or were living with HIV, had ≥ 15 anonymous sexual partners, engaged in chemsex, wanted to protect themselves, got advice from others to use doxyPEP/PrEP and believed doxyPEP/PrEP is safe. High intention to use (n = 1,063 (65%) participants) was more common among participants using HIV PrEP or living with HIV, who wanted to have condomless sex, who wanted to protect others from STIs and who perceived doxyPEP/PrEP as effective and safe.CONCLUSIONAlthough doxyPEP/PrEP is not formally recommended in the Netherlands, survey participants reported informal use and a high intention to use. These findings, combined with the global increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), stress the need for close monitoring and further research on the AMR effects of doxyPEP/PrEP use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human papillomavirus prevalence in first, second and third cervical cell samples from women HPV-vaccinated as girls, Denmark, 2017 to 2024: data from the Trial23 cohort study.","authors":"Mette Hartmann Nonboe, George Maria Napolitano, Jeppe Bennekou Schroll, Berit Andersen, Mary Holten Bennetsen, Sanne Christiansen, Anna Poulsgaard Frandsen, Carsten Rygaard, Rouzbeh Salmani, Estrid Vilma Solyom Høgdall, Elsebeth Lynge","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400820","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDDanish women vaccinated with the 4-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (HPV types: 6/11/16/18) at age 14 in 2008 reached screening age in 2017, allowing assessment of long-term effects on prevalence, persistence and incidence of HPV infections.AIMTo examine the HPV status of cervical samples over time among women vaccinated as girls.METHODSBetween February 2017 and February 2024, residual material from cytology-analysed samples collected through the 'Trial23' study, part of the national screening programme, was tested for HPV16/18 and non-vaccine high-risk (HR) HPV types. Prevalence in first, second and third samples, and persistence and incidence between samples were calculated.RESULTSOver 7 years, 8,659 women provided at least one sample, 5,835 at least two and 2,461 at least three. In 7,800 vaccinated women, HPV16/18 prevalence was 0.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2-0.5), 0.3% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4) and 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0-0.4) in three consecutive samples. Prevalence of non-vaccine HR HPV was 32% (95% CI: 31-33), 28% (95% CI: 27-29) and 31% (95% CI: 29-33). Persistence of HPV16/18 and non-vaccine HPV among vaccinated women was 40% and 53%. In adjusted analyses comparing vaccinated vs unvaccinated women, incidence was significantly lower for HPV16/18 (adjusted relative risk (aRR) < 0.10) while incidence of non-vaccine HR HPV types was higher (aRR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.12-2.45). No significant difference was observed for persistence.CONCLUSIONOur study provides real-world evidence of stable protection against HPV16/18 infections in women vaccinated as girls. Less intensive screening seems reasonable until women vaccinated with the 9-valent vaccine reach screening age, when screening should be reconsidered.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12262111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: Use of integrated genomic surveillance by local public health authorities: Recommendations based on a mixed-methods study of current adoption, applications and success factors, Germany, 2023.","authors":"Anna Bludau, Johannes Dreesman, Richard Egelkamp, Lutz Ehlkes, Fabian Feil, Hajo Grundmann, Masyar Monazahian, Markus Tröger, Alexander Dilthey, Claudia Hornberg, Simone Scheithauer","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500508","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ongoing increase in autochthonous <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis infections, the Netherlands, June 2023 to June 2025.","authors":"Oda E van den Berg, Dana Ll Adriaansens, Maren I Lanzl, Kirsten Mooijman, Angela Ham van Hoek, Diederik Ah Brandwagt, Sabiena G Feenstra-Gols, Joline Mans-Poulie, Petra Y Dop, Ife A Slegers-Fitz-James, Maaike van den Beld, Roan Pijnacker, Eelco Franz","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500536","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis (SE) cases in humans have increased in the Netherlands, from an annual average of 281 (2017-2019) to 427 in 2023, 401 in 2024 and 209 in 2025 (January-June). This rise is paralleled by a 2.5-fold increase in SE-positive laying hen flocks. Genomic surveillance shows numerous small clusters, suggesting a diffuse transmission rather than a single point-source outbreak, which complicates outbreak investigations. Coordinated interventions in the laying hen sector are urgently needed to mitigate public health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-border spread of a mosaic resistance (OXA-48) and virulence (aerobactin) plasmid in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: a European Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Surveillance Network investigation, Europe, February 2019 to October 2024.","authors":"Marius Linkevicius, Erik Alm, Louise Roer, Olov Svartström, Maria Dada-Olorunwa, Kati Räisänen, Felix Reichert, Sophie Möller, Christina Clarke, Martin Cormican, Baiba Niedre-Otomere, Reinis Vangravs, Paulius Greičius, Olga Burduniuc, Maria Anton, Antoni P A Hendrickx, Sandra Witteveen, Vilhelm Müller, Daniel Palm, Diamantis Plachouras, Dominique L Monnet, Henrik Hasman, Anke Kohlenberg","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2500439","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2500439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An investigation of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Surveillance Network (EURGen-Net) detected the same mosaic IncHI1B(pNDM-MAR) resistance (OXA-48) and virulence (aerobactin) plasmid in 492 <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolates from eight European Union countries during 2019-2024. Involvement of various <i>K. pneumoniae</i> sequence types (STs), multiple introductions, followed by large clonal outbreaks of three STs (ST147, ST392, ST45) carrying the plasmid in two countries indicate a high risk for further spread of this plasmid and a potential for difficult-to-treat <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infections to rise.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12262110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into the re-emergence of chikungunya virus on Réunion Island, France, 2024 to 2025.","authors":"Etienne Frumence, Géraldine Piorkowski, Nicolas Traversier, Rayane Amaral, Muriel Vincent, Ambroise Mercier, Nazli Ayhan, Laurent Souply, Laura Pezzi, Clément Lier, Gilda Grard, Guillaume André Durand, Xavier Deparis, Fabian Thouillot, Xavier de Lamballerie, Raphaelle Klitting, Marie-Christine Jaffar-Bandjee","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2500344","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2500344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chikungunya virus re-emerged on Réunion Island in August 2024, 18 years after a first major outbreak. Analysis of 173 genomes from the current epidemic reveals a monophyletic clade with mutations linked to adaptation to <i>Aedes albopictus</i> mosquitoes, including E1-A226V. Bayesian inference suggests only brief cryptic circulation before detection. The same lineage was also detected on Mayotte Island in March 2025. Continued spread and confirmed travel-related cases in mainland France and globally highlight the risk of wider regional and international dissemination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond patient contact: combined short- and long read sequencing reveals continuous occurrence of genomically related carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and plasmid mobility in a hospital, Germany, 2018 to 2021.","authors":"Nora Helke Leder, Monika Cristofolini, Sandra Ehrenberg, Mara Lohde, Christian Brandt, Mathias W Pletz, Frank Kipp, Claudia Stein","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.2400590","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.2400590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDCarbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) frequently cause nosocomial outbreaks. To investigate these, tracing focused on patients with related CPE strains and spatiotemporal contact (e.g. contact with each other in a room or on a ward during overlapping periods) has limitations. Moreover, as widely available molecular typing methods cannot detect plasmid-related transmissions, carbapenemase gene transfer across enteric bacteria through plasmids in hospitals remains poorly understood.AIMBecause whole-genome sequencing (WGS), particularly long-read sequencing, can offer insights into bacterial relationships both at core-genome and plasmid levels, we tested its utility, using VIM-CPE as example, to investigate plasmid and CPE spread in a hospital beyond outbreaks.METHODSWe included inpatient episodes from 2018 to 2021 involving <i>bla</i> _VIM-bearing CPE isolates. Short- and long-read WGS data were combined with patient movement information to identify genomically related hospital-acquired VIM-CPE and putative transmission routes.RESULTSAmong 43 included inpatient episodes, 27 isolates were hospital-acquired, with 23 genomically related based on core-genome or plasmid analyses. For 14 of these 23 isolates, patient movement data supported suspected transmission events. Plasmid and core-genome level analyses revealed that most transmission events did not temporally concur, occurring over up to 33 months. Thus, conventional infection tracing methods focusing on concurrent spatiotemporal contact missed a substantial proportion of transmission events.CONCLUSIONWith our findings, we advocate for broader epidemiological investigations of temporal connections if genomic data suggest relatedness. We emphasise considering plasmid transfer alongside analyses of core-genome relatedness of bacteria beyond patient contact events to study CPE and resistance spread, and guide infection control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Migrant tuberculosis in low-incidence Japan; introduction of pre-entry screening.","authors":"Mugen Ujiie, Akihiro Ohkado, Tomohiko Ukai, Norio Ohmagari, Seiya Kato","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500404","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of cell phone data to correct Île-de-France population estimates and SARS-CoV-2 incidence, July to September, 2021: a proof-of-concept exercise.","authors":"Arnaud Tarantola, Mohamed Hamidouche","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400530","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, Santé publique France (SpF) published incidence (SpF<i>i</i>) rates based on census denominators. Denominators using cell phone connection (CPC) data can better reflect the population present and seasonal mobilities.AimGiven uncertainties regarding the actual number of Île-de-France (IdF) residents present in IdF during summer 2021, we aimed to better approximate true incidence rates from positive SARS-CoV-2 tests in IdF using CPC-derived population denominators.MethodThis longitudinal study used the daily number of positive tests (PCR and Ag) on IdF residents in IdF as the numerator and the estimated resident population present in IdF at midnight as the denominator. We computed the mean corrected incidence rate (MCIR) per moving week between 4 July and 9 September 2021.ResultsThe MCIR showed higher incidence rates than initially estimated, especially during August when residents had left IdF for the holidays. Incidence rates reached a peak on 16 August when the SpF<i>i</i> rate per moving week was 200.9 per 100,000 compared with 315.6 per 100,000 with the MCIR, representing a 57% increase.ConclusionUsing local SARS-CoV-2 testing data and real-time population denominators, we showed that indicators using non-geographically referenced test results and fixed population denominators that ignore seasonal mobility can significantly underestimate incidence rates in IdF. New data sources using CPC data provide the opportunity to calculate more accurate and dynamic incidence rates and to map epidemics more precisely and in real time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}