Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in post-acute care hospitals, Israel, 2021.","authors":"Vered Schechner, Samira Masarwa, Gabrielle D Levi, Adi Cohen, Fadi Assi, Moshe Bechor, Elizabeth Temkin, Alona Keren-Paz, Mitchell J Schwaber, Yehuda Carmeli","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPost-acute care hospitals (PACH) may act as regional reservoirs for multidrug-resistant organisms.AimWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (CRAB) carriers and identify risk factors for CRAB carriage in PACH.MethodsWe conducted a point prevalence survey in 18 PACH in Israel from June to December 2021. We screened patients in 55 wards of four types (mechanical ventilation, skilled nursing, sub-acute and rehabilitation) for CRAB carriage from skin, rectum and tracheostomy secretions (if applicable). We collected data on patient characteristics (including prior CRAB carriage) and ward and institution characteristics. We calculated the prevalence of CRAB carriers, the percentage of newly detected carriers, and assessed predictors of CRAB carriage using a mixed-effects logistic regression model.ResultsWe screened 1,725 patients, with 385 (22%) testing positive for CRAB. The median prevalence of CRAB carriers was 48% (interquartile range (IQR): 33-70) in ventilation wards, 28% (IQR: 18-46) in skilled nursing wards, 8% (IQR: 6-13) in sub-acute wards and 0% (IQR: 0-3) in rehabilitation wards. Only 31% (118/385) had a known history of CRAB carriage. Individual risk factors for CRAB positivity included known CRAB carriage, bedsores and presence of a feeding tube. Modifiable ward-level risk factors included poor availability of alcohol-based hand rub (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52-6.81) and suctioning in common areas (aOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.30-3.85).ConclusionsThe hidden reservoir of CRAB carriers in Israeli ventilation and skilled nursing wards is large. We identified modifiable risk factors at ward level, highlighting areas for targeted intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for antimicrobial stewardship and reduced antimicrobial resistance in the Mid-West of Ireland, 2012 to 2023: findings from a One Health study.","authors":"James Powell, Santosh Sharma, Alan Johnson, Siobhan Barrett, Caroline Garvan, Nuala H O'Connell, Colum P Dunne","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400512","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background<i>Escherichia coli</i>, a pathogen commonly infecting humans and bovines, is a prime sentinel indicator and predictor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Tracking epidemiological trends of AMR is essential to address this global One Health threat.AimTo perform a comprehensive retrospective epidemiological analysis of AMR trends in <i>E. coli</i> isolated from human urine and blood and bovine specimens, and compare with antimicrobial consumption or sales data for humans.MethodsAll <i>E. coli</i> isolates with susceptibility results from human urine (n = 122,419), blood (n = 2,373) and bovine specimens (n = 585) from 2012-23 in the Mid-West of Ireland were analysed. The resistance trends of nine commonly used antimicrobials were compared with their consumption by humans or sales in community and hospital settings.ResultsOver the 12-year period, resistance against common antimicrobials was lowest among the bovine isolates (range: 2-44%). Human urine isolates showed lower resistance (5-59%) than bloodstream isolates (12-69%). There was a downward trend in resistance to all antimicrobials between 2012 and 2023 in the human isolates (p < 0.001), except for piperacillin/tazobactam where resistance increased, in each case correlating with antimicrobial usage. Bovine isolates demonstrated reduced resistance to co-amoxiclav (p = 0.001), with no trend observed for other antimicrobials.ConclusionOur data showed reduced resistance to many antimicrobials for <i>E. coli</i> from human and bovine populations in our region. Increased use of 'preferred' antimicrobials in humans and reduced use of those 'to be avoided' was observed. The findings indicate the emerging effectiveness of AMR strategies and highlight the value of One Health AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirm your subscription to continue receiving our Table of contents.","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403m","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403m","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased incidence of human leptospirosis and the effect of temperature and precipitation, the Netherlands, 2005 to 2023.","authors":"Ilja Obels, Lapo Mughini-Gras, Miriam Maas, Diederik Brandwagt, Nikita van den Berge, Daan W Notermans, Eelco Franz, Erika van Elzakker, Roan Pijnacker","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe incidence of leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection transmitted mainly by rodents, has increased in humans over the past decade in the Netherlands. Previous studies, mostly from countries with tropical climates, suggest that temperature and rainfall influence leptospirosis incidence.AimWe aimed to identify factors that could explain the increasing leptospirosis incidence in the Netherlands, including temperature and precipitation.MethodsEpidemiological data of leptospirosis cases notified from 2005 to 2023 to the national surveillance system were analysed to identify changes over the years. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess associations between weather variables and leptospirosis incidence.ResultsFrom 2005 to 2023, 1,164 cases were notified. The annual number of cases increased 2.7-fold in the period of 2019-2023 compared with 2005-2009, and the number of autochthonous cases 4.1-fold. Data from 1,158 cases were included in the analyses, and 596 (51.5%) of these cases were autochthonous. Most cases were male (n = 927; 80.1%), needed hospital treatment (n = 861; 74.4%) and acquired the infection through contact with surface water and/or soil (n = 611, 72.6%). Higher mean winter (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-1.36) and summer (IRR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.18-1.61) temperatures were significantly associated with increased leptospirosis incidence.ConclusionLeptospirosis incidence has increased over the past decades and may continue to increase due to climate change. Prevention should aim at advising the appropriate preventive measures to avoid exposure to <i>Leptospira</i> and increasing awareness about leptospirosis among clinicians to allow for timely diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author's correction for Euro Surveill. 2025;30(13).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.250410c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.250410c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for Euro Surveill. 2025;30(5).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403e","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholera due to exposure in Europe associated with consumption of holy water from Ethiopia, January to February 2025.","authors":"Christina Frank, Claire Jenkins, Jana-Marie Weis, Anja Brilmayer, Anja Schoeps, Susann Dupke, Hendrik Wilking, Parisha Katwa, Satheesh Nair, Clare Barker, Derren Ready, Gauri Godbole, Susan Hopkins, Hilary Kirkbride","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In February 2025, public health agencies in Germany and the United Kingdom (UK) reported four cases of domestically acquired cholera caused by consumption of holy water imported from Ethiopia, and a further three cases in travellers to Ethiopia. Multidrug-resistant <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1, linked to recent outbreaks in Eastern and Middle Africa, was detected in clinical specimens and the holy water. In cholera-endemic regions, visitors should drink potable water and should not bring bottled water back from their travels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence against measles, Austria, stratified by birth years 1922 to 2024.","authors":"David N Springer, Christian Borsodi, Jeremy V Camp, Monika Redlberger-Fritz, Heidemarie Holzmann, Michael Kundi, Judith H Aberle, Karin Stiasny, Lukas Weseslindtner","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundVaccination programmes initiated in the early 1970s reduced the incidence of measles in Austria, which resulted in the interruption of endemic measles virus (MeV) circulation and the achievement of elimination status in 2018. However, large outbreaks occurred in 2023 and 2024.AimBy assessing MeV-specific IgG antibody levels, we analysed if immunity recently declined due to the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine-induced immunity waned over long term or immunity gaps already pre-existed in the population.MethodsWe determined anti-MeV antibody levels in a retrospective dataset of 56,360 diagnostic samples (from 50,754 individuals) collected 2010-2024 and correlated antibody cutoffs to titres from a live-virus neutralisation test.ResultsIndividuals born before 1970 (n = 15,007) had antibody levels > 3,000 IU/L, persisting into higher age, and < 2% (n = 300) of them were seronegative. In contrast, individuals born after 1990 (n = 12,778) displayed seronegativity rates of 13-20% and lower median antibody concentrations in seropositive individuals (449-773 IU/L). In these individuals, antibody levels decreased noticeably between the ages of 2 and 10 years but remained stable between those aged 10 and 30 years. There was no significant difference in seronegativity rates at the age of 12-24 months in children born 2016-2019 and 2020-2022 (the years of the COVID-19 pandemic).ConclusionIn Austria, there are significant immunity gaps in individuals born after 1970, which pre-existed before the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, young and middle-aged populations not immune against measles should be vaccinated to counteract a further decline of immunity at the population level and prevent outbreaks whenever MeV is imported.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description and comparison of national surveillance systems and response measures for <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases in France, Italy and Portugal: a benchmarking study, 2023.","authors":"Emmanouil Alexandros Fotakis, Berta Grau-Pujol, David Kelly, Pedro Pinto Leite, João Vieira Martins, Maria João Alves, Marco Di Luca, Giulietta Venturi, Federica Ferraro, Florian Franke, Clément Pietin, Clémentine Calba, Tanja Charles, Flavia Riccardo, Paula Vasconcelos, Lauriane Ramalli","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRegions of southern Europe are increasingly colonised by <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> with incidence of autochthonous dengue cases rising in recent years.AimWe describe and compare <i>Aedes</i>-borne disease (dengue, chikungunya and Zika) incidence from 2017 to 2023, and the surveillance systems and response measures operating in France, Italy and Portugal in 2023, to improve surveillance, prevention, preparedness and response in Europe.MethodsWe performed a benchmarking analysis to systematically capture the systems used in each country. We collected data from key-informant interviews, national guidelines, reports and scientific literature using a standardised questionnaire adapted from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control framework.ResultsAll three countries have an integrated surveillance system for <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases and share similarities in surveillance type, geographic coverage and case definitions. Differences entail mainly event-based and active surveillance activities. Geographic coverage of vector surveillance is national in France and Portugal but regional in Italy. In response to autochthonous transmission, all countries implement/foresee active case-finding and blood safety protocols, while France and Italy strongly rely on vector control. Upon vector detection in non-colonised areas, the three countries implement ad hoc entomological surveillance and vector control.ConclusionsSurveillance systems and response measures in France, Italy and Portugal are broadly similar, with variations reflecting differences in healthcare system organisation (centralised in Portugal and France, regionalised in Italy), <i>Ae. albopictus</i> distribution and local transmission of <i>Aedes-</i>borne diseases. Risk-based surveillance, considering the national and cross-border epidemiological and entomological situations, can strengthen preparedness and early warning for <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of West Nile virus, Greece, 2020.","authors":"Michalis Koureas, Asimina Nasika, Athanasios G Lianos, Alexandros Vontas, Maria A Kyritsi, Ioanna Voulgaridi, Alexia Matziri, Zacharoula Bogogiannidou, Fani Kalala, Varvara A Mouchtouri, Matthaios Speletas, Christos Hadjichristodoulou","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) is a growing public health concern in Europe. Greece is one of the most affected countries in Europe, with the highest annual incidences.AimWe aimed at assessing IgG antibodies to WNV in the Greek population and compared the results with a nationwide survey conducted in the period 2012-2013.MethodsIn a geographically stratified sampling, 4,416 serum samples were collected and analysed for WNV-specific IgG antibodies using ELISA. Samples positive for WNV IgG were further tested with a WNV serum neutralisation test to detect false positives.ResultsThe weighted seroprevalence, adjusted for age, sex and region, was 2.83% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.32-3.44) in the 4,416 samples tested, significantly higher than in the 2012-2013 survey (1.55%; 95% CI: 1.17-2.04). The seropositivity increased with age with the highest seroprevalence in persons aged ≥ 80 years (6.04%; 95% CI: 3.28-10.88). No significant differences in seropositivity were observed between sexes or regions. We estimated that 312 (95% CI: 256-379) persons had a WNV infection per a case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND). A certain degree of discordance was observed between areas with increased seroprevalence and those with an increased incidence of WNND.ConclusionOur study reveals a wider geographical spread of WNV infections in Greece compared with previous investigations. The nearly twofold increase in seroprevalence highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and preventive measures to mitigate the impact of WNV on public health in Greece.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}