Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"Author's correction for Euro Surveill. 2025;30(22).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.250612c","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.250612c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological changes in <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> molecular detections before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in 27 European sites and Taiwan, 2018 to 2023.","authors":"Florian Tagini, Søren Anker Uldum, Carla Berengua, Branislav Ivan, Riccarda Capaul, Sophie Edouard, Adrien Fischer, Jacky Flipse, Diego García Martínez de Artola, Daniel Goldenberger, Edou Heddema, Mirjam Hermans, Frank Imkamp, Darja Keše, Clara Lejarraga, Reto Lienhard, Carola Maffioli, Veerle Matheeussen, Patrick M Meyer Sauteur, Irena Mitrovic, Onya Opota, Christina Orasch, Pavel Drevinek, Olivia Peuchant, Liu Po-Yu, Mirja Puolakkainen, Melissa Remy, Khoa Td Thai, Nadia Wohlwend, Gilbert Greub","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.2400682","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.23.2400682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing, lockdowns and enhanced hygiene led to a decrease in respiratory pathogens. However, as NPIs were relaxed, a resurgence in several respiratory pathogens was observed including one local <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> outbreak in Switzerland, prompting the need for a better understanding of <i>C. pneumoniae</i> epidemiology.AimTo assess temporal and geographical variations in <i>C. pneumoniae</i> detection before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsData on <i>C. pneumoniae</i> PCR detection ratios (number of positive tests/ total number of tests) across pre-pandemic (2018-2019), pandemic (2020-2022) and post-pandemic (2023) periods were collected via a global survey disseminated through various professional networks.Results<i>C. pneumoniae</i> detection ratios were analysed across 28 sites (27 in Europe, one in Taiwan) in 2023 (Dataset A, n = 172,223 tests) and 20 sites from 2018 to 2023 (Dataset B, n = 693,106 tests). Twenty-seven sites were laboratories (hospital or clinical) and one a surveillance system (Denmark). A significant decrease in detection ratios was observed during the pandemic period (from 1.05% to 0.23%, p < 0.001). In 2023, detection ratios increased to 0.28% (p < 0.002). Notable regional variations were found, with statistically significant increases in detection ratios at six sites located in Switzerland and Slovenia, where ratios ranged from 0.52% to 3.25%.DiscussionThe study highlights how NPIs influenced <i>C. pneumoniae</i> epidemiology, with reduced detection during the pandemic and partial resurgence afterwards. Regional variations suggest differing NPI impacts and underscore the need for continued surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalisation trends of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in adults, six European countries, before and during COVID-19, 2016 to 2023.","authors":"Arantxa Urchueguía-Fornes, Richard Osei-Yeboah, Ombeline Jollivet, Caroline Klint Johannesen, Toni Lehtonen, Michiel van Boven, David Gideonse, Rachel A Cohen, Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez, Rolf Kramer, Thea K Fischer, Terho Heikkinen, Harish Nair, Harry Campbell","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400624","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of morbidity in older adults.AIMWe aimed to investigate the epidemiology of RSV in adults in five European countries and one region before and during the COVID-19 era.METHODSWe conducted a retrospective analysis using national hospital admission data from Denmark, England, Finland, the Netherlands, Scotland and regional prospective surveillance data from the Spain-Valencia region. We included patients aged ≥ 18 years hospitalised for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) 2016-2023 and assessed RSV-coded and laboratory-confirmed hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality.RESULTSHospitalisations associated with RSV varied by country and year but increased with increasing age regardless of the use of RSV-coded or RSV-confirmed data, the country or year. The highest hospitalisation rates were in patients aged ≥ 85 years. We found that RSV-coded hospitalisations underestimated the case numbers when compared with laboratory-confirmed cases by an average of 1.9 (standard deviation (SD): ± 0.9). Admissions to ICU associated with RSV in England and CFR in England and Finland displayed different patterns post-COVID-19 pandemic peak but were not notably higher compared with RTI admissions.CONCLUSIONOur findings reveal a consistency of RSV hospital admission patterns between European countries in the study period, with higher incidence rates among older patients. The differences between the numbers of RSV-coded and laboratory-confirmed cases highlight the critical need for improved surveillance, diagnostic practices and coding guidelines to better assess the incidence. Our findings could be vital for guiding public health strategies, particularly with the introduction of RSV vaccines for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in ready-to-eat salad mixes: multi-country survey using a validated and harmonised standard operating procedure, Europe, 2021 to 2022.","authors":"Rafael Calero-Bernal, Martha Betson, Iva Slana, Barbora Bartosova, Gianluca Marucci, Alessia Possenti, Gema Álvarez-García, Nadja Bier, Anne Mayer-Scholl, Rebecca P Berg, Umer Chaudhry, Nadia M López-Ureña, Weronika Piotrowska, Jacek Sroka, Gro S Johannessen, Rebecca Davidson, Filip Dámek, Radu Blaga, Sandra Thoumire, Barbora Zalewská, Helga C Waap, Pikka Jokelainen, Marco Lalle","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400594","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMost <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infections in humans are considered foodborne, but the relative importance of the various routes of infection is largely unknown. Consumption of green produce contaminated with <i>T. gondii</i> oocysts has been identified as a possible source.AimWe aimed to estimate the occurrence and prevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> oocysts in commercially available ready-to-eat (RTE) salad mixes in 10 European countries.MethodsA real-time PCR-based method for oocyst detection was developed and optimised by two laboratories and validated in an interlaboratory test. This detection method and a harmonised sampling strategy were applied in a multi-country study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors for oocyst contamination of RTE salad.ResultsThe real-time PCR method had a detection limit of 10 oocysts per 30 g of salad. We collected 3,329 RTE salad samples (baby leaf and cut leaf mixes) from October 2021 to September 2022. The prevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> oocyst contamination was 4.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4-4.8%; n = 3,293). In multivariable regression analysis, winter season, sampling and packaging of salad in Northern Europe and production of salad in Western Europe were associated with detection of <i>T. gondii</i>, with no statistically significant differences between salad types.ConclusionWe estimated the prevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> oocysts in RTE leafy green salads using a validated and standardised procedure to assess the potential risk for human infection; highlighting the need to address this risk at each critical point of the salad production chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time monitoring of excess mortality under a new endemic regime.","authors":"Sasikiran Kandula, Birgitte F de Blasio, Marissa LeBlanc","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400753","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDMonitoring of mortality to identify trends and detect deviations from normal levels is an essential part of routine surveillance. In many European countries, disruptions in mortality patterns from the COVID-19 pandemic have required revisions to expected mortality estimates (and models) in the current endemic phase of SARS-CoV-2.AIMTo identify essential characteristics for future mortality surveillance and describe two Bayesian methods that satisfy these criteria while being robust to past periods of high COVID-19 mortality. We demonstrate their application in 19 European countries and subnational estimates in the United States, and report measures of model calibration.METHODSWe used a generalised additive model (GAM) with smoothed spline terms for annual trend and within-year seasonality and a generalised linear model (GLM) with a Serfling component for within-year seasonality and breakpoints to detect trend changes in trend. Both approaches modelled change in population size and group-specific (age and sex) mortality patterns.RESULTSModels were well-calibrated and able to estimate national and group-specific mortality before and during the acute COVID-19 pandemic phase. The effect of inclusion of mortality from the acute pandemic period was primarily an increase in uncertainty in expected mortality over the projection period. The GAM approach had better calibration and less variability in bias among countries.CONCLUSIONModels that can adapt to mortality anomalies seen during the acute COVID-19 pandemic period without a need for adjustments to observational data, or tailoring of model specifications, are feasible. The proposed methods can complement operational national and inter-agency surveillance systems currently used in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swine influenza virus surveillance programme pilot to assess the risk for animal and public health, the Netherlands, 2022 to 2023.","authors":"Erhard van der Vries, Evelien A Germeraad, Annelies Kroneman, Lucía Dieste-Pérez, Dirk Eggink, Eveline Willems, Alexander Mp Byrne, Nicola Lewis, Manon Houben, Ron Fouchier, Adam Meijer, Joke van der Giessen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400664","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.22.2400664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSwine influenza has a considerable impact on pig populations and poses a pandemic threat to humans. However, little is known about the influenza A viruses circulating among pigs in the Netherlands.AimWe piloted a surveillance programme aimed at enabling swine influenza A virus (swIAV) surveillance in the Netherlands: investigated prevalence, genomic characteristics and recent evolution of circulating swIAV variants and compared them with relevant human and swine influenza viruses from the Netherlands and other European countries.MethodsWe collected and tested respiratory samples from pigs (2019-2023) for swIAV, characterised the viruses with molecular and virological methods and shared molecular data of swine and relevant human influenza A viruses in a national platform.ResultsWe detected swIAV throughout the year in 342 (42%) of 824 respiratory samples from 90 farms. Complete genome sequencing identified 73 H1N1, 51 H1N2 and one H3N2 viruses. Phylogenetic analyses identified viruses from each of the three H1 swine lineages (1A/B/C) and four subclades. Viruses from the 1A lineage clustered into three subgroups with distinct antigenic properties, which seemed descendent from separate introductions of human seasonal A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Phenotypically, no reduced susceptibility to existing antiviral drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir was found.ConclusionWe provided insights into swIAVs in pigs in the Netherlands, including antiviral susceptibility and antigenic differences. It highlighted occasional virus transmission between humans and pigs. Sharing swIAV data at a national level will be continued to reduce influenza burden in swine and support identification and characterisation of emerging swIAVs with zoonotic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' response: Migrant tuberculosis in low-incidence Japan; introduction of pre-entry screening.","authors":"Gerard de Vries, Sarah Jackson, Brit Häcker, Teresa Domaszewska","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500438","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500438","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implicit bias in HIV testing based on indicator conditions in primary care: a population-based study in Catalonia, Spain, 2017 to 2021.","authors":"Cristina Agustí, Oriol Cunillera, Juanjo Mascort, Ricard Carrillo, Jordi Casabona","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.24.2400585","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.24.2400585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDHIV testing guided by indicator condition (IC) is recommended by the World Health Organization to facilitate earlier diagnosis. However, it is unclear to what extent these guidelines are followed in routine primary care (PC).AIMTo estimate the prevalence and distribution of ICs in PC in Catalonia, Spain, identify factors associated with, and prevalence of, an HIV test being administered, or not, within 4 months of IC diagnosis and assess trends over time.METHODSA population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Information System for the Development of Research in Primary Care, covering 5.8 million individuals in Catalonia. We identified IC episodes recorded from 1 January 2017 to 31 August 2021 among patients aged 16-65 years. For each IC episode, we assessed whether an HIV test was performed within 4 months.RESULTSWe identified 372,712 IC episodes; 84,694 (22.7%) led to an HIV test within 4 months. Testing was higher for: men (26.3% vs 19.4% for women); migrants (27.7% vs 21.3% for Spanish citizens); younger patients (29.2% for 16-30-year-olds vs 13.7% for those over 50 years). Testing rates were highest for episodes involving syphilis (68.4%), genital herpes (50.6%), chlamydia (48.2%) and gonorrhoea (43.1%). Factors associated with increased testing included male sex, higher socioeconomic deprivation area, presence of an acute sexually transmitted infection and multiple ICs.CONCLUSIONSubstantial gaps remain in HIV testing based on ICs in PC in Catalonia. Targeted interventions are needed to improve adherence to IC-guided testing, enabling early HIV diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria in six travellers returning from Zanzibar to Italy, December 2023 to February 2025: a case series.","authors":"Claudia Palazzolo, Angela Corpolongo, Serena Vita, Alessandra D'Abramo, Gaetano Maffongelli, Patrizia De Marco, Jingjing Lin, Silvia D'Arezzo, Marco Cilliano, Maria Laura Pettinato, Maria Grazia Bocci, Emanuele Nicastri","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500412","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2500412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between December 2023 and February 2025, six cases of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria were reported in travellers returning to Italy from Zanzibar, a popular tourist destination often perceived as low risk. None had taken prophylaxis, five had severe malaria and two died. Diagnostic delays revealed a lack of clinical suspicion of malaria and awareness among travellers and healthcare professionals. These cases highlight the importance of malaria chemoprophylaxis and prevention for travellers to risk areas in Africa, clinical suspicion and rapid testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsive population-based cohorts as platforms for characterising pathogen- and population-level infection dynamics for epidemic prevention, preparedness and response.","authors":"Ivonne Morales, Van Kính Nguyen, Mirna Abd El Aziz, Ayten Sultanli, Till Bärnighausen, Heiko Becher, Sandra Ciesek, Beate Kampmann, Berit Lange, Jan Rupp, Simone Scheithauer, Helen Ward, André Karch, Claudia M Denkinger","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400255","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.25.2400255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishing population-based cohorts is indispensable for effective epidemic prevention, preparedness and response. Existing passive surveillance systems face limitations in their capacity to promptly provide representative data for estimating disease burden and modelling disease transmission. This perspective paper introduces a framework for establishing a dynamic and responsive nationally representative population-based cohort, with Germany as an example country. We emphasise the need for comprehensive demographic representation, innovative strategies to address participant attrition, efficient data collection and testing using digital tools, as well as novel data integration and analysis methods. Financial considerations and cost estimates for cohort establishment are discussed, highlighting potential cost savings through integration with existing research infrastructures and digital approaches. The framework outlined for creating, operating and integrating the cohort within the broader epidemiological landscape illustrates the potential of a population-based cohort to offer timely, evidence-based insights for robust public health interventions during both epidemics and pandemics, as well as during inter-epidemic periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}