Field Crops Research最新文献

{"title":"Nitrogen and sulfur dynamics in two bread wheat genotypes with different stability against source/sink manipulation during grain filling","authors":"Agustín F. Arata ,&nbsp;Laura Lázaro ,&nbsp;Gabriela E. Tranquilli ,&nbsp;Adriana C. Arrigoni ,&nbsp;Mauro Martínez ,&nbsp;María Inés Dinolfo ,&nbsp;Deborah P. Rondanini","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Nitrogen and sulfur are critical yield-limiting factors that also impact the grain quality of bread wheat. The influence of the source/sink ratio on wheat grain weight has been widely studied, while its effect on quality parameters in genotypes with different baking aptitude has been addressed more recently, leaving processes to be unveiled.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to analyze the nitrogen and sulfur dynamics to changes in the source/sink ratio during grain filling in two Argentinean wheat genotypes, previously characterized by their contrasting sensitivity to assimilate availability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Field experiments were carried out during two growing seasons in Argentina under rainfed and nutrient sufficiency conditions. Three source/sink treatments were applied at seven days after anthesis: control, shading, and trimmed spikes. Determinations of nitrogen and sulfur were made on above-ground biomass, grain, and straw. Related variables were analyzed by linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The genotype of good baking quality showed a greater capacity to accumulate both N and S in the grain (y-intercept) than the one of poor quality, without differences in their stability (slope) against source/sink ratio variations. Grain N demand was more dependent on the remobilization of nutrient reserves stored in pre-flowering (59 % on average), while grain S demand was more dependent on nutrient absorption in post-anthesis (75 % on average). However, the S remobilized fraction increased as stress conditions during grain filling intensified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The carbon assimilate availability for grain growth during the filling period partially regulated the accumulation of N and S in the grain, although without genotypic differences in their stability against source-sink manipulation.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>These findings are relevant to optimize the nutritional management of bread wheat crops aimed at productivity with baking quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 110174"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of long-term straw return on grain yield stability in China: A meta-analysis","authors":"Siping Li ,&nbsp;Mengli Liu ,&nbsp;Huiying Huang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhao ,&nbsp;Minghao Zhuang ,&nbsp;Chong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context or problem</h3><div>Amid global climate change and extreme weather, ensuring food security and stable grain yields is critical. Straw return is recognized as a crucial practice for enhancing soil fertility and carbon sequestration, boosting grain yields. Although straw return has been widely studied, its long-term effects on yield stability are still not well understood. In contrast to previous meta-analyses that have mainly focused on mean yield, this study addresses yield stability as a critical yet underexplored factor in sustainable agriculture.</div></div><div><h3>Objective or research question</h3><div>This study aims to quantify the effects of long-term straw return on mean grain yield and yield stability, while assessing its influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and temporal SOC stability. We further examine how straw return practices (methods and quantity), fertilization, crop types, and the SOC content and its temporal stability affect the yield stability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a meta-analysis of 193 multi-year observations (≥4 years) from 68 studies (1562 comparisons) across China. This analysis evaluated the effects of long-term straw return on mean yield, yield stability, SOC, temporal SOC stability, and soil fertility. We employed Random Forest modeling and linear fitting to evaluate the relationships between straw return practices, fertilization, crop types, and resulting outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Long-term straw return simultaneously enhanced both the mean grain yield (+6.78 %) and yield stability (+4.38 %), with the most pronounced benefits observed when straw was crushed and incorporated through deep plowing or within the plow layer. Excessive straw return reduced yield and stability, while optimal N fertilizer use improved stability. Long-term straw return increased soil organic carbon (SOC, +12.2 %) but decreased temporal SOC stability (-43.5 %). It also increased soil total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content. Enhanced SOC and total N content significantly increased both mean yield and yield stability under straw return.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Long-term straw return effectively enhances the yield stability of crops and SOC sequestration in China. The enhancement of SOC and total N content is key for promoting both the mean yield and yield stability under straw return conditions. Overall, long-term straw return enhances C, sustains soil fertility, and thereby achieves increased and stable grain yield, ultimately ensuring food security.</div></div><div><h3>Implications or significance</h3><div>These findings provide evidence-based strategies for achieving stable yields under climate change. The identified optimal practices (straw crushing, incorporation methods, N fertilization range) offer actionable solutions for policymakers and farmers to enhance food security while promoting carbon sequestration in croplands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 110175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seedling emergence vigor, establishment success, and biomass yield stability of cover crop mixtures compared to pure stands","authors":"Alexandre Wojciechowski,&nbsp;Célia Seassau,&nbsp;Lionel Alletto,&nbsp;Jay Ram Lamichhane","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110165","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Context&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cover cropping has the potential to enhance the sustainability of cropping systems across temperate regions. However, poor establishment of cover crops (CCs), often driven by unfavorable weather conditions, remain a major barrier to their adoption. Sowing CC mixtures may mitigate the risks of poor establishment compared to pure stands, thereby lowering spatio-temporal variability in biomass production, which is critical for consistent ecosystem service provision. Yet, it is unclear whether CCs establish more successfully in mixtures than in pure stands, and whether a better establishment results in greater biomass production that enhances ecosystem services.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We aimed to: i) analyze seedling emergence dynamics, final emergence rates, and emergence vigor (i.e., speed of emergence) in CC mixtures vs. pure stands; ii) determine the relationship between seedling establishment success and final biomass production; and iii) evaluate the effect of CC mixtures vs. pure stands on soil cover, weed suppression, nitrogen (N) catch crop, and N green manure services.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A 2-year field experiment (2020–2022) was conducted in Southwestern France, testing 11 pure stands and six two-species mixtures of brassicas, legumes, and grasses. CCs were sown in autumn and grown for eight months, with a fallow treatment as control. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Significant intra- (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) and inter-annual (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) variability was observed in CC seedling emergence dynamics. Brassica CCs showed the highest emergence vigor (77 ± 21°Cd), and their establishment success was positively correlated with final biomass yield (0.4 ± 0.2–8.6 ± 0.6 t.ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;; r = 0.61, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). In contrast, legumes, such as faba bean, showed the lowest emergence vigor (147 ± 52°Cd), and their biomass yield (3.1 ± 0.1–6.8 ± 0.4 t.ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) depended mainly on post-establishment climatic conditions. Seedling emergence vigor and establishment success did not differ significantly between CC mixtures and pure stands. Single species CC yielded more variable biomass between years, mixtures produced more stable yields (2.1 ± 0.1–9.9 ± 0.3 t.ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;). Soil cover was similar between CC pure stands (75.0 ± 0.0–100.0 ± 0.0 %) and mixtures (66.7 ± 5.3–100.0 ± 0.0 %), whereas poor establishment reduced soil cover (25.0 ± 7.9–50 ± 0.0 %). All CCs effectively suppressed weeds (up to 100 % reduction in biomass) and supplied N through scavenging and/or green manuring (up to 203 ± 18 kgN.ha&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) compared to fallow.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Implications&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In systems dominated by monocultures or short rotations under high-input management and climatic uncertainty, Brassicaceae-Fabaceae mixtures represent a promising option to ensure good establishment, stable biomass production, and delivery of key ","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 110165"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating DayCent and STICS in simulating the long-term impact of contrasting organic resource amendments on soil organic carbon and maize yields in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Antoine Couëdel ,&nbsp;Moritz Laub ,&nbsp;Rindra Ranaivomanana ,&nbsp;Gatien N. Falconnier ,&nbsp;Rémi Cardinael ,&nbsp;Monicah Wanjiku Mucheru-Muna ,&nbsp;Daniel Mugendi ,&nbsp;Bernard Vanlauwe ,&nbsp;Johan Six ,&nbsp;Marc Corbeels","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem</h3><div>Low crop yields in sub-Saharan Africa mainly result from low soil fertility and insufficient nutrient inputs. A key component of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM), namely combining inputs of mineral fertilizers and organic resources, presents an opportunity to boost yields and maintain soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in the long run. Soil-crop models help to assess the performance of ISFM under contrasting soil, climate, and management combinations. Yet, to date, most soil-crop models have been calibrated and tested in temperate conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our objective was to evaluate and compare the performance of two different soil-crop models, DayCent and STICS, to represent crop yields and SOC dynamics under contrasting organic resource amendments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a large dataset representing 3384 cropping situations (site x season x treatment) from four long-term experiments in Kenya. Each experiment included the same treatments with the addition of two quantities of low- to high-quality organic resource amendments (high vs low C/N ratio, respectively), with (+N) and without (-N) mineral nitrogen fertilizer. Each treatment included a cropped and uncropped subplot, allowing for a unique stepwise calibration of soil and crop parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both models represented SOC and yield dynamics with similar accuracy across sites and treatments. They reproduced SOC dynamics well (nRMSE below 30 %) in the two clayey soils sites but not in the two sandy soils. Yet, in most sites they reproduced well SOC differences between high (Farmyard manure, <em>Thithonia</em> and <em>Calliandra</em>) and low-quality (maize stover and sawdust) organic resources<em>.</em> Models reproduced the average yield across sites and treatments similarly. They reproduced the positive effects of high-quality organic resources and the addition of mineral N on maize yield well. Models had similar inaccuracy in reproducing yield and yield variability under poor-quality organic resources and -N treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The stepwise calibration approach used in this study enabled highlighting the models’ strengths and weaknesses in soil and plant simulations. The results suggest that the two models have similar strengths and struggle with the same problems despite having different structures. Collecting detailed plant (leaf area index, plant N uptake) and soil (water, nitrogen dynamics) in-season data from long-term experiments will be critical to exploit the full model complexity and improve their accuracy for tropical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 110169"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial biostimulant seed treatments showed minimal impact on soybean seed yield across the United States","authors":"Fabiano Colet ,&nbsp;Spyridon Mourtzinis ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Vann ,&nbsp;Seth Naeve ,&nbsp;Shawn P. Conley ,&nbsp;Emma G. Matcham ,&nbsp;Andre Borja Reis ,&nbsp;Hans Kandel ,&nbsp;David Moseley ,&nbsp;Michael Plumblee ,&nbsp;Eros Francisco ,&nbsp;Giovani Preza Fontes ,&nbsp;Daniela R. Carrijo ,&nbsp;Trent Irby ,&nbsp;Michael J. Mulvaney ,&nbsp;Jonathan Kleinjan ,&nbsp;Jeremy Ross ,&nbsp;Chad D. Lee ,&nbsp;Shaun Casteel ,&nbsp;Mark A. Licht ,&nbsp;Laura E. Lindsey","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>The use of biostimulant seed treatments (BST) in soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merr.) is a growing market, with many different products and active ingredients (microorganisms) available. Companies promote the use of biostimulant seed treatment products by claiming several potential benefits to crop production, including seed yield increase. There are limited field evaluations on the efficacy of biostimulant seed treatments to increase soybean seed yield in the USA, and many of the microorganisms included in biostimulant products that are marketed to soybean farmers have never been documented in the peer-reviewed literature.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Here, we evaluated the effect of several commercially available biostimulant seed treatment products on soybean seed yield.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Field trials were established using a standard protocol during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons across 22 states (103 site-years) in the USA. The 103 site-years were separated into four environmental clusters based on weather and soil properties.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant yield differences were observed due to biostimulant seed treatment across and within clusters in both years. We believe that the lack of yield response may have been due to factors such as competition of active ingredients with native soil microorganisms or lack of favorable conditions for plant-microbe interactions. Overall results suggest that management practices, such as row spacing, seeding rate, foliar insecticide, and tillage affect yield more than any of the examined biostimulant seed treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We argue that there is a need for further evaluations and standard requirements on the registration, production, commercialization, handling, and viability testing of biostimulants in the USA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110170"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mega-analysis of no-tillage and reduced tillage impacts on crop yields and greenhouse gas emissions","authors":"Lovish Kasrija ,&nbsp;Dafeng Hui ,&nbsp;Avedananda Ray ,&nbsp;Wei Ren ,&nbsp;Lixin Wang ,&nbsp;Philip A. Fay ,&nbsp;Douglas R. Smith ,&nbsp;Jianwei Li ,&nbsp;Prabodh Illukpitiya ,&nbsp;Hanqin Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture contributes 11 % of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Conservation tillage practices such as no-tillage (NT) and reduced tillage (RT) are promoted as climate-smart strategies to mitigate GHG emissions without compromising crop yields. However, existing meta-analyses have produced contradictory results regarding the effects of these practices on crop yields and soil GHG emissions. To address these discrepancies, we conducted a mega-analysis, synthesizing data from 30 meta-analyses to comprehensively assess the impacts of the NT, RT, and mixed NT+RT on crop yields and GHG emissions. Our results showed that the tillage treatments (NT, RT, and mixed NT+RT) exhibited no significant overall effect on crop yields. NT did not influence soil CO₂ emissions, and none of the tillage treatments influenced soil CH₄ emissions. However, NT increased soil N₂O emissions by 10.5 % (0.010, 95 % Confidence interval: 0.067, 0.132), whereas RT and NT+RT had no significant effect on soil N₂O emissions. The varied impacts of tillage treatments were attributed to the interactions among experimental settings, soil properties, and agriculture practices such as crop residue management, irrigation type, and nitrogen fertilizer application rate. This mega-analysis provides a more comprehensive quantification than individual meta-analyses, offering valuable insights into the impacts of conservation tillage practices on crop yields and GHG emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110167"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen dynamics and yield performance of an elite bread wheat line with BNI capacity expressed in an alkaline soil","authors":"Hannes Karwat ,&nbsp;Masahiro Kishii ,&nbsp;María Elena Cárdenas-Castañeda ,&nbsp;Maria Itria Ibba ,&nbsp;Victor Kommerell ,&nbsp;Alison R. Bentley ,&nbsp;Hans-Joachim Braun ,&nbsp;Iván Ortiz-Monasterio","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wheat with biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) has demonstrated effectiveness in acidic soils. However, BNI expression under alkaline soil conditions have not been documented in field studies. Here, we present the first field-based evidence of BNI effects in alkaline soils (pH 8.6–8.7), using an elite spring wheat line (ROELFS) carrying the Lr#N short arm (+BNI) introgressed from <em>Leymus racemosus</em> which confers BNI activity as compared to ROELFS without the translocation arm (-BNI). BNI expression was evidenced by lower soil nitrate in three irrigated wheat trials conducted in northwestern Mexico. In one trial (Exp 1), soil nitrate levels of the translocation line (+BNI) were 24–37 % lower than in the control line (-BNI) after the second application of ammonium-N fertilizer. Reductions were observed both in the row and in the furrow. In another trial (Exp 3), the most pronounced nitrate difference occurred approximately one month after the second ammonium-N application, with nitrate levels in +BNI plots reduced by 73–77 %. The translocation line also exhibited higher flag leaf nitrate concentrations, likely associated with the decreased soil nitrate concentrations. <em>In vitro</em> potential nitrification rates, measured one week after ammonium-N application, were 27–32 % lower in soil associated with the +BNI line compared to the control, across two consecutive years. Phenologically, the +BNI line reached anthesis and flowering later than the control, regardless of additional N fertilization. In two experiments, grain yield did not differ significantly between +BNI and control, while in one trial it was reduced, due to fewer grains per spike and a lower spike density. The harvest index was consistently lower in +BNI than -BNI under high N input. Nevertheless, grain protein and grain N uptake and grain weight were not statistically different between the lines. We conclude that BNI can significantly reduce nitrification with a spatially and temporally impact under alkaline, high N conditions. This represents a potentially important environmental benefit for a wide range of wheat systems globally. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of the <em>Lr#N</em> short arm on yield and quality in other elite lines. Additionally, potential negative effects on gluten quality from the wild donor genome should be considered in future breeding efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110172"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and sensitivity to climate change of two DSSAT-CSM cassava models for the Brazilian cultivar BRS Formosa","authors":"Paola de Figueiredo Bongiovani ,&nbsp;Paulo Cesar Sentelhas ,&nbsp;Diego Magalhães de Melo ,&nbsp;Fábio Luís Seixas Costa ,&nbsp;Eder Jorge de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Patricia Moreno-Cadena ,&nbsp;Gerrit Hoogenboom ,&nbsp;Mauricio Antonio Coelho Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context or problem</h3><div>Cassava is well-adapted to diverse climates, but its response to future climate conditions remains uncertain. Crop growth models are crucial for predicting climate effects on yield and evaluating strategies to mitigate or adapt to these changes. However, these models require evaluation to simulate yield accurately.</div></div><div><h3>Objective or research question</h3><div>The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of the of the CSM-CROPSIM-Cassava and CSM-MANIHOT-Cassava models in the DSSAT platform for simulating the yield of the drought- and bacterial blight-tolerant cassava variety BRS Formosa in Brazil’s northeast climate. The objectives were: i) to calibrate and assess model performance for estimating BRS Formosa yield, and ii) to analyze the models' sensitivity to changes in temperature, rainfall, and CO₂, exploring their potential for climate impact studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Calibration was based on the irrigated treatments from Embrapa experiments conducted in Cruz das Almas (2017–2020) and Petrolina (2015/16), while for evaluation the data from rainfed treatments and additional experiments in Cruz das Almas (2012–2018), Guanambi (2013–2015), Laje (2012/13, 2015/16), and Petrolina (2013/14), were used. Calibration involved adjusting 23 genetic coefficients for CSM-CROPSIM-Cassava and 13, for CSM-MANIHOT-Cassava.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Model performance was evaluated using statistical indices, showing good accuracy for cassava storage root yield, with MAEs of 2195 and 2425 kg ha⁻¹ and d values of 0.92 and 0.83 for CSM-CROPSIM-Cassava and CSM-MANIHOT-Cassava, respectively. The ensemble of both models, applied to final storage root yield only, further improved performance (MAE = 1973 kg ha⁻¹; d = 0.91). Both models also simulated phenology and canopy traits (leaf number, stem and aboveground biomass) with good accuracy, and were sensitive to air temperature, rainfall, and [CO₂].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ensemble provided the most reliable estimates of final storage root yield with the current DSSAT versions, whereas the individual models remain valuable for simulating phenology and canopy traits.</div></div><div><h3>Implications or significance</h3><div>The model analyses from this study are essential for estimating future cassava yield in Northeast Brazil, assessing climate risks, and guiding adaptive strategies for sustainable production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110168"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Direct nitrous oxide emissions from a crop rotation of maize and mung bean after different long-term fertilizer applications in Thailand” [Field Crops Res. 312 (2024) 109382]","authors":"Patikorn Sriphirom ,&nbsp;Amnat Chidthaisong ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Yagi ,&nbsp;Wanida Nobuntou ,&nbsp;Suphakarn Luanmanee ,&nbsp;Nimaradee Boonapatcharoen ,&nbsp;Wantanasak Suksong","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110171"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shading-induced canopy cooling alleviates waterlogging damage during flowering by disrupting heat synergism in field-grown cotton","authors":"Yanjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yabin Yuan ,&nbsp;Shizhen Xu ,&nbsp;Zhenhuai Li ,&nbsp;Zhengpeng Cui ,&nbsp;Lijie Zhan ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Junjun Nie ,&nbsp;Lin Sun ,&nbsp;Jianlong Dai ,&nbsp;Hezhong Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110166","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Context&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In major cotton-growing regions like China's Yangtze and Yellow River valleys, flowering (July-August) frequently coincides with cloudy-rainy weather, causing concurrent waterlogging (W) and shading (S). This period also experiences high temperatures (H), creating damaging compound stresses. While W combined with H causes severe synergistic damage, the impact of the W+S combination remains unclear. We hypothesized that S-induced canopy cooling disrupts the W-H synergism, converting the interaction into antagonism and reducing yield loss.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Two-year field trials (2023–2024) applied individual (W, S) and combined (W+S) stresses at flowering. We measured agronomic (yield, biomass partitioning, boll density), physiological (photosynthesis, chlorophyll, canopy temperature), and stress response markers (oxidative stress: H₂O₂, MDA; anaerobic metabolism: ADH activity) were quantified. A growth chamber experiment decoupled light reduction from cooling to isolate temperature effects under W, H, W+H, and simulated S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Field data revealed antagonism between W and S: combined stress (W+S) caused significantly less yield loss (35.3 %) than predicted additivity or W alone (44.6 %). This mitigation was strongly associated with S-induced canopy cooling (reductions of 4.0°C in 2023, 3.6°C in 2024). Shading attenuated oxidative stress as evidenced by H₂O₂ accumulation being 34.8 % below additive predictions, and suppressed anaerobic metabolism as indicated by ADH activity reduced by 60.7 % relative to waterlogging. Crucially, growth chamber experiments confirmed temperature's pivotal role: W+H caused synergistic damage (photosynthesis and biomass loss exceeding additive predictions), while simulated S (light reduction without concomitant cooling) failed to mitigate W damage. Canopy cooling under field shading suppressed the induction of heat shock proteins (e.g., &lt;em&gt;HSP21&lt;/em&gt; expression reduced to 0.4-fold of control), disrupting the heat-amplified induction of heat shock proteins typically triggered during waterlogging.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Under high-temperature at flowering, shading antagonizes waterlogging damage primarily through canopy cooling. This cooling reconfigures stress interactions by suppressing the heat-dependent component of waterlogging injury, specifically mitigating oxidative stress and anaerobic metabolism. It thereby converts potential W-HT synergism into a W-S antagonism. Canopy-mediated thermal amelioration is a vital mechanism for compound stress resilience in cotton.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Implications&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This work highlights canopy temperature management as a critical strategy alongside drainage for mitigating waterlogging damage. Agronomic practices (e.g., optimizing planting density for self-shading, temporary shade nets) or breeding for cooler-canopy traits promoting cooler canopies (e.g., leaf angle, reflectance) c","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 110166"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}