Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Immune regulation differences in Large yellow croaker with varied resistance to Cryptocaryon irritans infection","authors":"Zhou Jiang ,&nbsp;Ji Zhao ,&nbsp;Rui Li ,&nbsp;Qiaozhen Ke ,&nbsp;Jiaying Wang ,&nbsp;Yin Li ,&nbsp;Shuimu Hu ,&nbsp;Junjia Zeng ,&nbsp;Fei Pu ,&nbsp;Ning Li ,&nbsp;Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Tao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>) is one of the main marine aquaculture species in China, but has faced considerable losses due to <em>Cryptocaryon irritans</em> infection. In this study, we successfully established a <em>C. irritans</em>-susceptible population of large yellow croaker by genomic selection technology. We then compared the immune genetic mechanisms of this susceptible population with those of a large yellow croaker population from eastern Fujian in response to <em>C</em>. <em>irritans</em> infection. GWAS identified 44 significant SNPs across 11 QTL regions on different chromosomes associated with <em>C. irritans</em> infection, with most located on chromosomes 1 and 24. Notably, the QTL region on chromosome 1 overlapped with the resistance QTL region mapped in the <em>C. irritans</em>-resistant population previously established by our team, underscoring its crucial role in conferring resistance to <em>C. irritans</em> infection. RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant differences in immune responses between the two groups, with the susceptible group specifically activating the Jak/Stat signaling pathway and upregulating interleukin-related genes, including <em>il11a</em>, <em>il-5r</em> and <em>il-20r</em>. A combined analysis of the GWAS and RNA-Seq data revealed that <em>cspg4</em> was located in the overlapping QTL region on chromosome 1 associated with resistance. Upon infection, the expression of <em>cspg4</em> was significantly higher in the susceptible group compared to the control group. As a downstream factor of interleukins, <em>cspg4</em> may regulate interleukin expression by activating the Jak/Stat pathway, thereby influencing the body's normal immune defense functions. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of host-parasite immune responses and highlight potential therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The benefits of astaxanthin-rich microalgal powder on growth, health, and disease resistance against Fusarium solani in Pacific white shrimp” [Fish Shellfish Immunol. 156 (2025) 110059]","authors":"El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa ,&nbsp;Basma M. Hendam ,&nbsp;Hagar Sedeek Dighiesh ,&nbsp;Heba E. Abd Elnabi ,&nbsp;Salah El-Sayed Sakr ,&nbsp;Hoda Kabary ,&nbsp;Afaf N. Abdel Rahman ,&nbsp;Moaheda E.H. Eissa ,&nbsp;Norhan H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 110083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Vibrio anguillarum culture conditions on the efficacy of bacterin-based vaccines in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)","authors":"Trung Cao ,&nbsp;Hajarooba Gnanagobal ,&nbsp;My Dang ,&nbsp;Setu Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hossain ,&nbsp;Ignacio Vasquez ,&nbsp;Katherinne Valderrama ,&nbsp;Nicole O'Brien ,&nbsp;Danny Boyce ,&nbsp;Javier Santander","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lumpfish (<em>Cyclopterus lumpus</em>) is used as cleaner fish to control sea lice infestations in Atlantic salmon (<em>Salmo salar</em>) farms across the North Atlantic. <em>Vibrio anguillarum</em>, the causative agent of vibriosis, is a recurrent bacterial pathogen affecting lumpfish. Bacterin-based vaccines are frequently used to control vibriosis in finfish, but their efficacy is not always consistent. Culture conditions significantly influence synthesis of bacterial outer membrane and secreted proteins, which are critical antigens, and thus impact the immunogenicity of bacterin-based vaccines. In this study, we assessed the effect of <em>V. anguillarum</em> culture conditions on vaccine efficacy in lumpfish. <em>V. anguillarum</em> was cultured under iron-limited at 15 °C, and iron-rich or iron-limited conditions at 28 °C with 2 % NaCl, and these cultures were used to prepare bacterins. A commercial vaccine was used as positive control, while PBS and PBS adjuvant were negative controls. Lumpfish were intraperitoneally immunized and challenged 12 weeks post-immunization with 10–100 times the LD₅₀ dose of <em>V. anguillarum</em>. Bacterins prepared from <em>V. anguillarum</em> grown under iron-limited conditions at 28 °C with 2 % NaCl and mixed with adjuvant conferred the highest protection compared to other preparations and commercial vaccines. In contrast, bacterins derived from <em>V. anguillarum</em> cultured under iron-limited conditions at 15 °C conferred the lowest protection. Reverse vaccinology and transcriptomic analyses of <em>V. anguillarum</em> grown under optimal immunogenic conditions revealed 323 upregulated genes, of which 211 were high-antigenicity proteins suitable for subunit vaccines. This study provides critical knowledge for effective vaccine formulation against <em>V. anguillarum</em> and identifies potential antigens for subunit vaccine development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) gene and the association of its single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility/resistance of Magallana gigas to Halomonas sp. 7T","authors":"Tianbao Liu ,&nbsp;Qingyu Peng ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Fang ,&nbsp;Chuanyan Yang ,&nbsp;Ning Kong ,&nbsp;Lingling Wang ,&nbsp;Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is an important activator of innate immunity in the response of invertebrates to pathogen invasion. In the present study, a HSF1 was characterized in Pacific oyster <em>Magallana gigas</em> (<em>Mg</em>HSF1), and its association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility/resistance of oyster to <em>Halomonas</em> sp. 7T were investigated. <em>Mg</em>HSF1 shared highly conserved DNA binding and acetylation sites with other organisms. The <em>Mg</em>HSF1 mRNA showed high expression in haemocytes, and was significantly induced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within promoter region of <em>Mg</em>HSF1 gene from two oyster populations (the bacterial-resistant population and the common population) were investigated to analyze their association with bacterial resistance. Nine out of 14 SNPs including −543 A/G, −494 C/T, −488 T/A, −476 G/A, −336 C/T, −335 T/C, −334 C/T, −307 T/C and −268 T/C were found to be associated with bacterial resistance. Moreover, haplotypes TCTCGA was associated with bacterial resistance. The results threw lights on the molecular mechanisms of different oyster populations' resistance to bacterial diseases which suggested that the increased bacterial resistance of bacterial-resistant population was associated with the higher expression of <em>Mg</em>HSF1. Meanwhile, the nine genotypes (−543 G/G, −494 T/T, −488 A/A, −476 A/A, −336 T/T, −335 C/C, −334 T/T, −307 T/T, and −268 C/C) and one haplotype (TCTCGA) could be used as potential markers for oyster selection breeding with higher bacterial resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IPNV Inactive Vaccine Supplemented with GEL 02 PR Adjuvant: Protective Efficacy, Cross-protection, and Stability.","authors":"Linfang Li, Weitong Liu, Zhen Zhang, Jingzhuang Zhao, Tongyan Lu, Yizhi Shao, Liming Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, outbreaks of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) in worldwide rainbow trout farms caused by IPN virus (IPNV) strains belonging to genogroup 1 and genogroup 5 are reported. In this study, formaldehyde-inactivated vaccines supplemented with or without GEL 02 PR adjuvant were developed by using both genogroups IPNV strains and were intraperitoneally injected into rainbow trout. At 30 days post-vaccination, the viral loads of IPNV challenged rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the vaccine groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the PBS group (P < 0.05), about 2.4 log and 2.5 log in the genogroup 1 and 5 IPNV inactivated vaccine with or without GEL 02 PR adjuvant groups, and the protective effect was not weakened after storage of the adjuvant vaccines at 4 °C for 12 months. Each vaccine could stimulate the expression of CD4, CD8, and IgM, and the adjuvant vaccines induced higher neutralizing antibody titers. In the long-term protection test, both the adjuvant vaccines could still effectively reduce IPNV viral loads in fish at 120 days post-vaccination, and the genogroup 5 IPNV inactivated vaccine showed cross-protection against the genogroup 1 IPNV strain. In the study of cell lines and virus seeds, CHSE-214 was successively passaged to 30 generations, and its growth characteristics and sensitivity to IPNV remained stable. When IPNV was passaged to 10 generations, the viral titers were not affected, but mutations were found in the VP2 protein of both genogroup 1 and 5 IPNV strains. The study is conducive to the improvement of IPNV vaccine development for rainbow trout.</p>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocytes from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) did not engage in phagocytosis","authors":"Jose Carlos Campos-Sánchez,&nbsp;Francisco A. Guardiola,&nbsp;José Meseguer,&nbsp;María Ángeles Esteban","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phagocytosis is a fundamental innate immune process primarily executed by vertebrate leucocytes. Fish erythrocytes are involved in immune functions, although their role in phagocytosis remains poorly investigated. Consequently, this study aimed to examine the potential phagocytic mechanisms of fish erythrocytes. To this end, systemic blood erythrocytes were isolated from the teleost gilthead seabream (<em>Sparus aurata</em>) and European sea bass (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) and incubated for various times (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 min) with formalin-inactivated bacteria or heat-killed yeasts labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Their putative phagocytic properties and respiratory burst activity were investigated. Our results did not indicate variations in the phagocytic ability or phagocytic capacity of erythrocytes of seabream or sea bass incubated with the bacteria, whereas no activity was detected in the case of incubation with yeast. Additionally, no respiratory burst activity was detected in the erythrocytes of either fish species under any of the experimental conditions tested. Using fluorescence microscopy, it was observed that erythrocytes could bind bacteria to their surface membranes. However, this attachment process was rarely seen with yeast cells. In contrast, examination of the fine structure of erythrocytes using transmission electron microscopy showed distinctive inward and outward folding (pseudopodia formation) and some cytoplasmic vesicles in both species. The results of our study indicate that erythrocytes from gilthead seabream and sea bass did not exhibit phagocytic capabilities when exposed to these specific target particles. Additional studies are necessary to gain more insights into how they contribute to the immune system of fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression profiling and functional role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the immune and inflammatory responses of red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara)","authors":"Yasara Kavindi Kodagoda ,&nbsp;H.A.C.R. Hanchapola ,&nbsp;D.C.G. Rodrigo ,&nbsp;Chaehyun Lim ,&nbsp;D.S. Liyanage ,&nbsp;W.K.M. Omeka ,&nbsp;G.A.N.P. Ganepola ,&nbsp;M.A.H. Dilshan ,&nbsp;Jeongeun Kim ,&nbsp;Ji Hun Lee ,&nbsp;Taehyug Jeong ,&nbsp;Qiang Wan ,&nbsp;Gaeun Kim ,&nbsp;Jehee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is a well-studied enzyme and a significant medicinal target associated with various inflammatory disorders. However, its role in pathogen-induced inflammatory responses in fish remains poorly understood. This study characterized the structural and functional properties of a Cox-2 homolog from red-spotted grouper (<em>Epinephelus akaara</em>) (EaCox-2). The three-dimensional structure of EaCox-2 revealed a homodimer with two functional domains: a catalytic domain with two active sites and a membrane-binding domain. <em>EaCox-2</em> transcripts were ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues of <em>E. akaara</em>, with the highest expression in the gills, followed by the spleen. Immune stimulation with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and nervous necrosis virus (NNV) led to significant upregulation in <em>EaCox-2</em> transcripts 12 and 24 h post-injection in both gill and spleen tissues. <em>EaCox-2</em> overexpression in murine macrophages triggered a pro-inflammatory response characterized by M1 macrophage polarization, upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and iNOS enzyme, enhanced production of reactive nitric oxide (NO), and mitochondrial depolarization. These findings highlight the crucial role of EaCox-2 in regulating immune and inflammatory responses in <em>E. akaara</em>, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying teleost immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine supplementation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) diets: improving intestinal health and alleviating enteritis.","authors":"Haodong Yu, Yukang Nie, Boran Zhang, Jiajie Xue, Kun Xue, Xixuan Huang, Xuezhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Creatine plays an important role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell energy metabolism, epithelial integrity, and intestinal barrier function. In this study, three feeds with varying creatine concentrations (0%, 0.5%, and 4%, labeled CR0, CR0.5, and CR4, respectively) were formulated and administered to juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) for 8 weeks. Creatine-containing diets significantly improved growth performance and intestinal villus height. Microbiota analysis revealed that creatine-containing diets changed the beta diversity of gut microbes and increased the relative proportion of Cetobacterium. Enteritis was induced for 7 days using the corresponding feeds containing creatine and 2% DSS (labeled CR0, DCR0, DCR0.5, and DCR4). Enteritis resulted in an increase in hif1α expression in the DCR0.5 and DCR4 groups and a significant increase expression of creatine transporter SLC6A8. QPCR and Western blotting of intestinal barrier-related genes (e.g., Claudin1, Claudin4, and ZO1), MUC2 immunohistochemistry, and PAS mucus staining were used to show intestinal barrier status, these results suggest that dietary creatine attenuates the extent of intestinal barrier damage. After TUNEL and KI67 immunofluorescence analyses of the intestine and detection of the expression of relevant genes at the protein and transcript levels, the results showed that dietary addition of creatine significantly alleviated intestinal apoptosis and cellular inflammatory responses due to DSS-induced enteritis. These findings indicate long-term dietary supplementation with creatine modulated the microbial composition of the intestinal lumen of juvenile largemouth bass, promoted intestinal health, and improved anti-inflammatory properties following enteritis induction. This study provides a theoretical foundation for largemouth bass feed formulation optimization and fish enteritis control.</p>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SQSTM1/p62 from Litopenaeus vannamei is involved in the immune response to Vibrio infection","authors":"Junliang Luo,&nbsp;Wei Lu,&nbsp;Yanghui Chen,&nbsp;Guojian Li,&nbsp;Jinyuan Feng,&nbsp;Yanru Huang,&nbsp;Yu Yu,&nbsp;Shuanghu Cai,&nbsp;Jichang Jian,&nbsp;Shiping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1 or p62) has multiple functional domains, and it can not only be involved in autophagy process, but also defend against oxidative stress by invoking the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. However, the role of <em>p62</em> in the response of Pacific whiteleg shrimp <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> to bacterial infection is still unclear. This study successfully identified <em>p62</em> from <em>L. vannamei</em> (Lv-<em>p62</em>). The length of the open reading frame (ORF) of Lv-<em>p62</em> is 1908 bp, which encoded 635 amino acids, and had Phox and Bem1p domain (PB1), Zinc-binding and ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains. The expression level of Lv-<em>p62</em> in the hepatopancreas of healthy <em>L. vannamei</em> is the highest, and it could be significantly induced under the stimulation of <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>. Besides, knocking down Lv-<em>p6</em>2 by using RNA interference technology could reduce the expression levels of <em>Nrf2</em> (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), <em>LC3</em> (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) and autophagy-related gene (<em>ATG3</em>, <em>ATG5</em> and <em>ATG12</em>). Compared with the stimulation with <em>V. harveyi</em> alone, stimulation with <em>V. harveyi</em> after knocking down Lv-<em>p62</em> could reduce the expression of antioxidant-, autophagy- and apoptosis-related genes in <em>L. vannamei</em>. Moreover, knocking down Lv-<em>p62</em> could reduce the apoptosis signal of hepatopancreas and the abnormal tissue structure caused by <em>V. harveyi</em>. These results indicated that Lv-<em>p62</em> is involved in the immune response to <em>Vibrio</em> infection in <em>L. vannamei,</em> which further enriched the regulatory function of <em>p62</em> and its role in the innate immunity of shrimp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethyl caffeate modulates systemic and mucosal immune responses, growth performance, and disease resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂)","authors":"Ari Widodo,&nbsp;Huai-Ting Huang,&nbsp;Novi Rosmala Dewi,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Chu,&nbsp;Fan-Hua Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid groupers become one of the important aquatic animals, but gastric pathogen infection causes losses due to <em>Vibrio</em> sp. infections. Ethyl caffeate (EC), a naturally occurring antioxidant and antibacterial derived from medicinal plant. This study investigated the effects of EC on the immune response, growth performance, as well as the systemic and mucosal immunity following <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> challenge. The hybrid groupers were fed diets containing EC at the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 g/kg (control, EC0.1, EC0.25, and EC0.5 groups, respectively). This feeding trial was conducted in three-part separate experiments consist of non-specific immune response, growth performance and challenge test experiment. The result demonstrated that the EC0.25 group had the highest total leukocyte count, phagocytic activity, and respiratory burst (O₂⁻) and the highest upregulation of genes related to antioxidant activity, inflammation, antimicrobial peptides, and stress. Furthermore, higher growth performance was observed in all EC groups than in the control group with the EC0.25 group exhibited optimum growth performance. According to the challenge test results, the EC0.25 group exhibited strong resistance to <em>V</em>. <em>parahaemolyticus</em>, with a survival rate of 96.7 %. This study elucidated a novel self-defense mechanism after EC modulating against <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> challenge in hybrid groupers. The EC0.25 group had increased leukocyte subpopulation and the highest upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4, Toll-like receptor 21, MyD8<em>8</em>, major histocompatibility complex II, immunoglobulin M, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in both systemic and mucosal related-organs. Overall, dietary EC0.25 increased the hybrid groupers health status, activated multiple signaling pathways, and synergistically increased the host's systemic and mucosal immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}