Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Bioinformatic and gene expression analysis of the somatostatin/cortistatin gene family in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)","authors":"Jose Carlos Campos-Sánchez,&nbsp;Jhon A. Serna-Duque,&nbsp;Francisco A. Guardiola,&nbsp;Alberto Cuesta,&nbsp;María Ángeles Esteban","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Somatostatin (SST) and cortistatin (CST) are neuromodulators with distinct expression patterns and functions. While SST and CST have been extensively studied in mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and immune system, their roles in teleost fish remain poorly explored due to evolutionary emergence of multiple SST paralogous genes. This study aimed to identify SST isoforms in gilthead seabream (<em>Sparus aurata</em>) and assess their transcriptional levels. Phylogeny and synteny analyses reclassified the six SST genes and proteins as SST1, SST3, SST3-like, SST4, SST5, and SST6. The protein sequences showed high conservation, except for an additional region upstream of the SST3-like protein's leader region. Evolutionary differences were mainly due to specific amino acid residue changes in the mature peptide. Genetic analyses revealed constitutive expression of five genes (<em>sst1, sst3, sst5, sst4</em> and <em>sst6</em>) in all studied organs, except for <em>sst3</em> in the heart, liver, and blood. The highest expression of <em>sst1, sst3, sst4</em> and <em>sst6</em> genes occurred in the brain's forebrain, while <em>sst5</em> was most expressed in the heart. However, <em>sst4</em> exhibited very low basal expression across all analysed tissues. <em>In vitro</em>, λ-carrageenan and cantharidin upregulated <em>sst6</em> transcription in head kidney leucocytes (HKLs), indicating a potential anti-inflammatory role similar to mammalian CST. Additionally, <em>sst5</em> expression was downregulated during the innate cell-mediated cytotoxic response, suggesting a regulatory role. These findings provide insights into the SST/CST gene family in gilthead seabream, necessitating gene and protein reclassification, and underscore their significant neuroendocrine and immune system functions, relevant for teleost research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 110201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finfish infectious diseases in the Mediterranean basin: A systematic review with insights on vaccination possibilities","authors":"Anna Toffan ,&nbsp;Andrea Marsella ,&nbsp;Vasco Menconi ,&nbsp;Michela Bertola","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Official data on the distribution, prevalence and impact of infectious diseases in Mediterranean finfish aquaculture are lacking. The absence of data on diseases has an undeniable negative impact on the efficacy of control strategies. Therefore, the aim of our systematic review was to gather data from the available literature referring to years 2010–2024 to identify the most important diseases affecting finfish of the Mediterranean Sea. Out of 9021 articles screened, 84 papers were selected, quality assessed and summarized. The most frequently reported viral diseases were caused by Betanodaviridae followed by Iridoviridae, which are responsible for Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis disease (ISKN) and Lymphocystis diseases (LCVD), respectively. Amongst bacterial pathogens, <em>Vibrio alginolyticus, Mycobacterium marinum</em> and <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> ranked at the top three with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila, Photobacterium damselae piscicida</em> and <em>Vibrio vulnificus</em> closely following. For parasitic agents, <em>Amiloodinium ocellatum</em> and <em>Lernanthropus kroyeri</em> were most reported followed by <em>Cryptocarion irritans, Enterospora nucleophil</em>a<em>, Ceratothoa ostreoides, Ergasilus sieboldi</em> and <em>Livoneca redma</em><em>n</em><em>i</em><em>i</em> (equal merit). Many authors highlighted the increasing impact of climate change on disease outbreaks and parasite life cycles. This review also revealed significant discrepancies in the number and quality of reports from different parts of the Mediterranean, with clear evidences of underreporting in several countries, likely exacerbated by the limited availability of trained diagnostic laboratories. Consequences of diseases epidemiology on the efficacy of vaccination is also discussed. Finally, the obtained data highlight the urgent need to standardize the reporting of aquaculture-based epizootics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 110189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IHNV induced miR-19-3p modulates immune response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by targeting DHX58-dependent RLR signaling pathway","authors":"Lu Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinqiang Huang ,&nbsp;Xujuan Fu ,&nbsp;Yongjuan Li ,&nbsp;Shenji Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>miR-19-3p has been implicated in various pathological and physiological processes, including immune response, inflammation, oncogenesis and cell damage. However, its function in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) has not been well elucidated. In this study, the expression patterns of miR-19-3p and target gene DExH-Box helicase 58 (<em>DHX58</em>) in rainbow trout infected with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) were detected, and regulatory mechanism and function of miR-19-3p were investigated by overexpression and inhibition experiment <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Expression patterns showed that miR-19-3p and <em>DHX58</em> displayed significant time-dependent changes in IHNV-infected rainbow trout intestines, skins, gills, and liver cells, and their expression were negatively correlated at multiple time points. <em>In vitro</em>, the targeting relationship between miR-19-3p and <em>DHX58</em> was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and overexpression of miR-19-3p significantly suppressed the expression of <em>DHX58</em> and downstream genes interferon regulatory factor 3 (<em>IRF3</em>), interferon regulatory factor 7 (<em>IRF7</em>), interferon (<em>IFN</em>), myxovirus 1 (<em>MX1</em>), interferon-stimulated gene 15 (<em>ISG15</em>), nuclear factor kappa-B (<em>NF-κB</em>), and interleukin-1 beta (<em>IL-1β</em>), whereas the expression levels of <em>DHX58</em> and downstream genes were significantly increased after transfecting miR-19-3p inhibitor. <em>In vivo</em>, agomiR-19-3p significantly inhibited the expression of <em>DHX58</em>, and then reduced the expression levels of <em>IRF3</em>, <em>IRF7</em>, <em>IFN</em>, <em>MX1</em>, <em>NF-κB</em>, <em>IL-1β</em>, tumor necrosis factor-α (<em>TNFα</em>), and <em>ISG15</em>. Additionally, overexpression of miR-19-3p significantly increased IHNV copies and cell proliferation number, and suppressed apoptosis, while the opposite results were obtained after miR-19-3p repressing. This study confirmed that miR-19-3p regulates rainbow trout antiviral immune by <em>DHX58</em>-mediated interferon pathway <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, which provides potential for using miRNAs as anti-viral target drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 110200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoglobulin gene expression as a biomarker for Streptococcosis resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Suwit Wuthisuthimethavee ,&nbsp;Thanakorn Khunrang ,&nbsp;Chettupon Pooljun ,&nbsp;Hisae Kasai","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> is a significant pathogen in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) culture, causing economic losses in Thailand. Formalin-killed <em>S. agalactiae</em> vaccine in tilapia can be used in the prevention of diseases and mortalities. In this study, we administered a formalin-killed <em>S. agalactiae</em> vaccine to individual tilapia broodstock to activate immunoglobulin (IgM) gene expression. The IgM gene expression levels differed among individual broodstock and were grouped into four categories: high IgM males (HM), low IgM males (LM), high IgM females (HF), and low IgM females (LF). Using these categories, we designed matings to create four breeding groups: HM × HF, HM × LF, LM × HF, and LM × LF, generating three fry families per group. The tilapia fry was then orally challenged with <em>S. agalactiae</em> for 14 days. The results showed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in survival rates among the breeding groups. The HM × HF group had the highest survival at 93.33 ± 6.20 %, while the LM × LF group had the lowest at 21.11 ± 6.50 %. Gene expression analysis of toll-like receptor 2, hepcidin, immunoglobulin, MHC class II, and granzyme genes at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post <em>S. agalactiae</em> challenge revealed significant temporal changes. IgM and granzyme expression levels varied notably among groups, with IgM peaking at 72–96 h and showing a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) between groups. The HM × HF, HM × LF, and LM × HF breeding groups displayed significantly higher IgM expression levels compared to the LM × LF group. Granzyme gene expression also showed significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) from 48 h post-challenge, with the highest expression observed in the HM × HF group and the lowest in the LM × LF group. No significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) was observed between the HM × LF and LM × HF groups for granzyme expression. This experiment concludes that high levels of IgM gene expression of broodstock tilapia induced by formalin-killed <em>S. agalactiae</em> vaccine could be used as a gene marker to select the <em>S. agalactiae</em>-resistant tilapia in breeding program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 110199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial peptides in Clarias batrachus epidermal mucus: Characterization and therapeutic potential","authors":"Ahmed Hussain ,&nbsp;Manish Kumar ,&nbsp;Kunal Mukhopadhyay ,&nbsp;Abhijit Dutta ,&nbsp;Shashwati Ghosh Sachan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated global antibiotic usage, contributing to the rise of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Fish, as key players in aquatic ecosystems, have evolved unique defense mechanisms, including the secretion of antimicrobial compounds in their epidermal mucus, these antimicrobials could be used to treat antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of acidic extracts from the epidermal mucus of <em>Clarias batrachus</em> against clinically significant pathogens. The extract demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against seven selected human pathogenic and opportunistic microbes. The antimicrobial mechanism was explored using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), revealing structural damage to the microbial cells. The physicochemical stability of the mucus compounds was experimentally validated under various conditions. Protein characterization through SDS-PAGE identified prominent bands at 11 kDa, corresponding to hemoglobin subunit-like chains (α and β), as confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Bioinformatic evaluations suggested that these peptides possess not only antimicrobial but also potential antiviral and anticancer activities. Molecular docking studies further supported the applicability of these peptides against antibiotic-resistant targets (erm proteins), including NDM superbugs, highlighting their potential as novel therapeutic agents. This research underlines the promise of fish mucus-derived compounds in combating antimicrobial resistance, offering a natural and sustainable alternative to conventional antibiotics for both fish and human pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 110191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transferrin from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus promotes antimicrobial immune response","authors":"Ruixia Wang,&nbsp;Ying Huang,&nbsp;Yan Shi,&nbsp;Zhe Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transferrin (TF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in host defense by restricting iron availability to pathogens and activating antimicrobial immune responses. However, its antimicrobial role in fish remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified and characterized transferrin from obscure puffer <em>Takifugu obscurus</em>, named ToTF, and investigated its functions in bacterial infections. The coding region of the ToTF gene consists of 2295 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 764 amino acids. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that <em>ToTF</em> is primarily expressed in the liver. The mRNA expression of ToTF was significantly upregulated in both the liver and kidney following challenge with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>. Moreover, recombinant ToTF (rToTF) markedly inhibits iron-dependent bacteria growth, including <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>V. harveyi</em>. The iron-binding capacity of rToTF peaked at pH 8 and decreased significantly under acidic conditions. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of rToTF peaked at near-neutral pH but decreased significantly at pH below 5. This dual mechanism deprives bacteria of essential iron through high-affinity binding and directly inhibits their growth under optimal conditions. These findings highlight the dual role of ToTF in the antibacterial immunity of <em>T. obscurus</em>, mediated by iron sequestration and direct bacteriostatic effects. This study supports the development of TF-based antibacterial agents and enhances strategies for aquatic disease prevention and fish disease resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 110184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shark immune system: A review about their immunoglobulin repertoire","authors":"C. Gargano ,&nbsp;M. Mauro ,&nbsp;C. Martino ,&nbsp;V. Queiroz ,&nbsp;A. Vizzini ,&nbsp;C. Luparello ,&nbsp;R. Badalamenti ,&nbsp;F. Bellistrì ,&nbsp;A. Cuttitta ,&nbsp;H. Kondo ,&nbsp;F. Longo ,&nbsp;V. Arizza ,&nbsp;M. Vazzana","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past few decades, the literature about the immune system of vertebrates has increased thanks to the research about new therapies and new biomolecules able to treat or eradicate many human autoimmune diseases. Researchers found that immunoglobulins (Igs) are the most versatile biomolecules able to recognize almost every existing epitope with their binding domains. Phylogenetically, the most recent vertebrates exhibit the greatest sequence diversification in their Igs to extend their ability to distinguish different antigens. Among cartilaginous fishes, the most ancient vertebrates on phylogenetic history, sharks possess four types of Igs with similar pathways to extend sequence diversity and binding domains variability. Their Ig new antigen receptor (IgNAR) represents one of the most versatile and small Ig type upon all other species. The shark species are fundamental sources of new therapeutic receptors lending a further step to treatments against several human diseases. The aim of this review is to analyze sharks Igs, focusing on IgNARs for each species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 110187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The underrated immune role of bivalve ‘serous cells’: New insight from inflammatory responses of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum","authors":"Valerio Matozzo,&nbsp;Nicolò Brunelli,&nbsp;Francesca Cima","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the immune role of serous cells from the bivalve <em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em>. Histochemical and immunohistochemical assays revealed that the serous cells contained large cytoplasmic vacuoles rich in heparinoid molecules. Heparin and histamine were detected within vacuoles, with distinct spatial distributions, and histoenzymatic assays for serine proteases revealed both tryptase and chymase activity. These findings, together with membrane immunolabelling for c-kit, suggest similarities with vertebrate mast cells. After <em>in vivo</em> bacterial inoculation, serous cells first accumulated at the injury site within 12 h, and 15 h after <em>in vitro</em> treatment, a significant increase in the percentage of serous cells was observed in bacteria-treated samples, supporting targeted responses of proliferation and differentiation following bacterial challenge. Serous cells also underwent marked degranulation following bacterial stimulation, and aggregates of granulocytes, hyalinocytes and serous cells appeared within 1 h of treatment. Extracellular trap formation (ETosis), which is rich in degranulated serous cells and trapped dying bacteria, was observed after 15 h. Serous cells showed nuclear envelope loss and chromatin fragmentation. The extracellular nets were primarily composed of fragmented chromatin and amyloid fibrils forming a scaffold of woven fibres, to which the adhesion of heparin, histamine, and serine proteases occurred after their release into the extracellular environment. To our knowledge, this is the first study that highlights the important role of serous cells in the immune response of bivalves and provides new perspectives for future investigations into the modulation of the inflammatory process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 110188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD3γ/δ+ T cells and MSCFR+ macrophages are activated to produce IL-26 after bacterial infection in grass carp","authors":"Teng Xie ,&nbsp;Yibin Yang ,&nbsp;Kangyong Chen ,&nbsp;Wenji Huang ,&nbsp;Weihua Zhao ,&nbsp;Hui Yan ,&nbsp;Junqiang Qiu ,&nbsp;Hao Feng ,&nbsp;Junya Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-26 (IL-26) belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family and exerts diverse biological functions in regulating immune responses in vertebrates. Although IL-26 has been extensively studied in mammals, the functions of IL-26 remain largely unexplored in lower vertebrates. In this study, we determined the tissue and cell sources of IL-26 using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) generated against grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>, <em>Ci</em>) IL-26, and investigated the responses of IL-26 producing cells to bacterial infection. We showed that the <em>Ci</em>IL-26 mAb specifically recognized the recombinant <em>Ci</em>IL-26 proteins expressed in the <em>Escherichia coli</em> and HEK293 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the <em>Ci</em>IL-26 mAb could detect the intracellular <em>Ci</em>IL-26 expressed in the HEK293 cells and CIK cells stimulated with inactivated <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>A. hydrophila</em>). Using confocal microscopy, we analyzed IL-26⁺ cells in various tissues of grass carp following infection with <em>A. hydrophila</em>. It was shown that the IL-26⁺ cells were significantly increased in the gills, head kidney, posterior intestine and spleen. Remarkably, for the first time, we observed that most IL-26⁺ cells were CD3γ/δ⁺ T cells and MCSFR⁺ monocytes/macrophages, which could be induced by <em>A. hydrophila</em>. Our findings highlight the essential roles of CD3γ/δ^+/IL-26⁺ T cells and MCSFR⁺/IL-26⁺ macrophages in the immune defense against bacterial infections in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 110185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic protection through enhanced immunity and antioxidant defenses in immune-primed Mytilus coruscus: Insights from cell/tissue-specific analyses","authors":"Ruofan Li,&nbsp;Ruoxuan Zhao,&nbsp;Shuimei Li,&nbsp;Yingli Yang,&nbsp;Liya Li,&nbsp;Kaijie Wu,&nbsp;Yanan Di","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine mussels are constantly exposed to pathogens and have to evolve robust immune systems to recognize, tolerate and clear infections. Recent studies have highlighted the phenomenon of ‘immune priming’ and its role in enhanced immunity in invertebrate. Yet, there is still a lack of experimental evidence on mussels of economic value. This study investigated the potential protective effects of immune priming in hemocytes and key tissues of marine mussels (<em>Mytilus coruscus</em>) which were repeatedly challenged with <em>Vibrio alginolyticus,</em> focusing on systemic responses in survival, immune functions and antioxidant responses. The results indicated that, hemocytes, as the immune cells in mussels, initiated the immune function against <em>Vibrio</em> through pathogen recognition. Subsequently, toxin efflux and immune defenses were precisely regulated by promoting the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis to eliminate <em>Vibrio</em> and infected host cells. In parallel, antioxidant defense was coordinated to mitigate the potential oxidative stress generated during immune process. Further analysis revealed tissue-specific immune responses, with gill and digestive gland showing differential responses compared to hemocytes. Immune tolerance in gills was observed, while digestive glands exhibited sustained immune and antioxidant responses, supporting the idea that these tissues play distinct roles in maintaining homeostasis and combating pathogens. As the result, mussels in the immune-primed group exhibited slower mortality and maintained higher hemocyte viability compared to the non-primed ones, suggesting that immune priming in mussels can provide systemic protection by enhancing both cellular immunity and antioxidant defense. The results offer valuable insights into improving disease resistance in mussels' aquaculture systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 110186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}