Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Piscidin 1 and 2 of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): new insights into their role as host defense peptides","authors":"Claudia Marín-Parra ,&nbsp;Jhon Alberto Serna-Duque ,&nbsp;Cristóbal Espinosa-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Nora Albadalejo-Riad ,&nbsp;Guillermo Bardera ,&nbsp;Kim Thompson ,&nbsp;María Ángeles Esteban","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers have shown considerable interest in host defense peptides (HDPs) as potential antibiotic alternatives due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory characteristics. Piscidins (Pisc), a group of α-helical peptides found exclusively in teleost fish, demonstrate potential for enhancing the health and well-being of aquaculture species. This research examined two piscidins (Pisc1 and Pisc2), identified in the gilthead seabream (<em>Sparus aurata</em>) genome, which exhibit unique physicochemical and structural features. Pisc1 demonstrated strong antioxidant properties and its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were established against various bacterial species, including <em>Streptococcus agalactiae, Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum, V. alginolyticus, Photobacterium damselae</em> subsp. <em>piscicida, Aeromonas salmonicida (2014),</em> and <em>Flavobacterium psychrophilum</em>. Additionally, Pisc1 was found to disrupt both outer and inner membranes of <em>V. harveyi</em> and showed antiparasitic effects against <em>Neoparamoeba perurans</em>. While Pisc1 exhibited hemolytic and cytotoxic properties, it did not impact chemotaxis of SAF-1 cells in the <em>in vitro</em> scratch assay. However, Pisc1 triggered extracellular traps (ETs) of head kidney leucocytes, underscoring its dual role as an antimicrobial agent and immunomodulator. In contrast, Pisc2 showed lower antioxidant activity, and no MICs were identified for the tested bacterial species. Nevertheless, Pisc2 could disrupt the outer membrane of <em>V. harveyi</em> and also displayed antiparasitic activity. Unlike Pisc1, Pisc2 was neither hemolytic nor cytotoxic and did not induce ETs or affect <em>in vitro</em> wound healing assay results. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of novel therapies in aquaculture based on HDPs use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astaxanthin in Aquaculture: Enhancing abalone health through oxidative stress management","authors":"Fatima Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidative stress is one of the most important physiological stressors observed in aquaculture, particularly in species such as abalone (<em>Haliotis</em> spp), whose metabolic properties and environmental stressors render them vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS can damage cells, impairing immune responses and growth performance in aquaculture species. This review summarizes the importance of antioxidant defense mechanisms, especially enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems, in reducing oxidative stress in abalone. Astaxanthin, a potent carotenoid antioxidant from microalgae and other marine sources, is the main active ingredient in managing oxidative stress. Astaxanthin acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals, stimulating antioxidant enzyme activity and modulating immune responses, thus boosting general physiological stress resistance in abalone. In addition, dietary astaxanthin supplementation has been shown to improve growth performance, increase survival rates, and develop pigmentation, thereby increasing the market value of abalone. It also discusses the absorption, metabolism, and best dietary approaches for astaxanthin supplementation. Although it offers advantages, cost-effectiveness and formulation optimization are still important barriers to its broad implementation in aquaculture. Further studies should focus on optimizing astaxanthin production, the prolonged physiological effects of astaxanthin, and the cost-effective formulation of astaxanthin-rich diets that could be adopted in the sustainable farming of abalone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and functional characterization of Viperin in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Wen Luo,&nbsp;Hongling Wu,&nbsp;Ying Huang,&nbsp;Kun Ye,&nbsp;Wenzheng Zou,&nbsp;Fang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viperin (virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible), also known as RSAD2 (radical SAM domain-containing 2), is one of the interferon-stimulated genes and plays an important role in cellular antiviral response. In this study, the <em>viperin</em> gene in large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>), designated <em>LcViperin</em>, was identified and characterized by investigating its tissue expression pattern and transcriptional response to viral infection and analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon overexpression of <em>LcViperin</em> in LCM10 cells revealed by RNA-seq transcriptome profiling. The results showed that <em>LcViperin</em> was highly expressed in the blood and organs of the immune system such as spleen and kidney, and the LcViperin protein was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The transcript level of <em>LcViperin</em> can be upregulated by large yellow croaker iridovirus (LYCIV) infection and the simulated viral infection of poly (I: C). GO and KEGG analysis of the DEGs demonstrated that the overexpression of <em>LcViperin</em> activated macrophage endocytosis pathway and other pathways to eliminate the viral particles. Flow cytometry analysis indicated an increase in macrophage phagocytotic activity and an induced respiratory burst in LCM10 cells upon exposure to LcViperin protein. The transcriptome analysis results would help to understand the host immune response and the potential mechanism of fish Viperin protein in response to pathogen stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110498"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatopancreatic and intestinal inflammation is induced by lipopolysaccharide from Microcystis in common carp via the TLRs/NF-κB pathway","authors":"Yanzhe Yang ,&nbsp;Zhaolu Gao ,&nbsp;Mengya Lou ,&nbsp;Junguo Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During cyanobacterial bloom outbreaks in natural water bodies, large quantities of cyanobacterial metabolites can pose a serious threat to fish survival and health. However, the effects and mechanism of action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from cyanobacteria on fish are yet unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the main chemical characterization of LPS isolated from the bloom-forming cyanobacterium <em>Microcystis</em> and to reveal the response and mechanism of the immune-related hepatopancreas and intestine tissues of common carp following oral exposure to LPS from <em>Microcystis</em> at a dose of 200 mg/kg. The results of biochemical assays revealed that LPS from <em>Microcystis</em> caused elevated transaminase activity and increased levels of inflammatory factors in fish serum and upregulated the mRNA levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in the hepatopancreas and intestine of common carp, suggesting that LPS induced an inflammatory response in the fish hepatopancreas and intestine. This was confirmed by histopathological examination, in which pathological damage to the hepatopancreatic and intestinal tracts was observed, and the intestinal permeability was altered. In addition, biochemical and molecular examination indicated that LPS might be recognized by TLRs and subsequently activate the NF-κB signaling pathway through MyD88, leading to the activation of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and subsequently, thereby inducing and amplifying the inflammatory response. These results suggest that the inflammatory response induced by LPS may be mediated by the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. This study might be beneficial for preventing <em>Microcystis</em> LPS-induced inflammation in common carp during cyanobacterial blooms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110497"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myricetin, as a potential new antiviral agent against Rana grylio ranavirus (RGRV)","authors":"Kun Peng ,&nbsp;Silu Tian ,&nbsp;Le Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Yuan ,&nbsp;Mingqi Ai ,&nbsp;Qibin Jiang ,&nbsp;Keyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Ping Ouyang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Huang ,&nbsp;Defang Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ranaviruses are extremely lethal viruses that pose a significant threat to aquaculture. Therefore, developing therapeutic strategies is essential for controlling these viruses. Utilizing herbal bioactive ingredients for the prevention and management of aquatic diseases shows great promise. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of four flavonoids against a Ranavirus (RGRV). The results indicated that myricetin (MYR), luteolin (LUT), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and rutin (RUT) exhibited anti-RGRV activity <em>in vitro</em>. Among these, MYR demonstrated the most potent antiviral activity, which was found to be dose-dependent. Subsequently, we discovered that MYR inhibited all stages of RGRV infection, particularly the early stage of viral replication, by down-regulating the expression of immediate-early genes and delayed-early genes. Furthermore, MYR enhanced host cell immunity and reduced inflammation by up-regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and down-regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. The <em>in vivo</em> challenge assay showed that MYR significantly reduced the mortality rate of the pig frog (<em>Rana grylio</em>) infected with RGRV. In summary, MYR demonstrated excellent anti-RGRV activity and held considerable promise for development in aquaculture. Our investigation provided the basis for promoting the development of anti-Ranaviruses agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black carp STAT2 enhances IRF3-mediated antiviral signaling by regulating its ubiquitination and improving its nuclear translocation","authors":"Yiru Huang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jinyi Li ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Ji Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Xiao ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Yong'an Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a critical transcription factor involved in inducing IFN production. However, the regulatory mechanisms of piscine IRF3 remain inadequately explored. Here, we report that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) of black carp (<em>Mylopharyngodon piceus</em>) functions as a positive regulator in the black carp IRF3 (bcIRF3)-mediated IFN signaling pathway. Knockdown of <em>bcSTAT2 in vivo</em> facilitates viral replications, and the mRNA levels of <em>bcSTAT2</em> gene increase after IFN stimulation in host cells. Additionally, overexpression of bcSTAT2 promotes the activation of interferon stimulated response element (ISRE) <em>ex vivo</em>. Co-immunoprecipitation assays identify the interaction between bcSTAT2 and bcIRF3, and both molecules exhibit similar subcellular distributions in immunofluorescent staining assay. When co-expressed, bcSTAT2 improves the protein level of bcIRF3, and enhances the bcIRF3-mediated IFN production and antiviral capabilities. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that bcSTAT2 significantly enhances the nuclear translocation of bcIRF3. Besides, bcSTAT2 enhances K29-linked ubiquitination, while reduces K33- and K48-linked ubiquitination of bcIRF3. Taken together, our data concludes that bcSTAT2 positively regulates bcIRF3-mediated antiviral activity by regulating its ubiquitination and facilitating its nuclear translocation, which has shed a light on the regulation of IFN signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110493"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lvvibriocin-GK effectively reduced skin ulcer syndrome of Apostichopus japonicus by eliminating surface bacteria, modulating gut microbiota, and enhancing host immune responses","authors":"Hang Sun ,&nbsp;Hui Peng ,&nbsp;Xiao Hong ,&nbsp;Fangyi Chen ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zheng ,&nbsp;Yuqiao Gao ,&nbsp;Yujun Xu ,&nbsp;Hua Hao ,&nbsp;Ke-Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110494","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Skin ulceration syndrome (SUS) is a major threat to the aquaculture of &lt;em&gt;Apostichopus japonicus&lt;/em&gt;, particularly in southern China, where it has shown high mortality rates and infectious potential. Traditional antibiotic treatments often lead to challenges such as antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are vital elements of innate immunity, represent a promising alternative for treating SUS. In the study, a novel AMP named Lvvibriocin-GK identified in &lt;em&gt;Litopenaeus vannamei&lt;/em&gt; was found to have a strong antibacterial activity against multiple &lt;em&gt;Vibrio&lt;/em&gt; species that possibly cause SUS. Through constructing a &lt;em&gt;Vibrio harveyi&lt;/em&gt;-induced SUS model, we evaluated the efficacy of a 7-day Lvvibriocin-GK immersion treatment to SUS. Compared to doxycycline hydrochloride at the same concentration, Lvvibriocin-GK treatments could have ulcer area and numbers reduced, mortality decreased, the DAI index significantly lowered, as well as intestinal inflammatory cell infiltration decreased but no significant effect on body weight. The therapeutic effects of Lvvibriocin-GK were accompanied by significantly enhancing the activities of trypsin, lysozyme, T-NOS, and T-SOD and reducing &lt;em&gt;Vibrio harveyi&lt;/em&gt; load in tissues. qPCR results indicated that Lvvibriocin-GK upregulated the expression of intestinal barrier proteins &lt;em&gt;ZO-1&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Occludin&lt;/em&gt;, and downregulated pro-inflammatory factors such as &lt;em&gt;IL17&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;p105&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;NLRP3&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rel&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Stat5&lt;/em&gt;. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the beneficial effects of Lvvibriocin-GK might be linked to favorable changes in &lt;em&gt;A. japonicus&lt;/em&gt; ‘s gut microbiota, including increased microbial diversity, enhanced abundance of potential probiotics (&lt;em&gt;Rhodobacteraceae&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Bacillus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Serratia liquefaciens&lt;/em&gt;), and reduced the abundance of opportunistic pathogens (&lt;em&gt;Acinetobacter&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacteroides vulgatus&lt;/em&gt;). These changes resulted in a more complex microbial network and improved immune-associated functions, particularly through pathways such as NF-κB signaling. Mantel tests indicated stronger correlations between Lvvibriocin-GK-treated gut microbiota and disease phenotypes (gut pathology), enzymatic activities (lipase, lysozyme, T-NOS, T-SOD), intestinal barrier markers (&lt;em&gt;Occludin&lt;/em&gt;), and immune-related genes (&lt;em&gt;Stat5&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rel&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;FoxP&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;VEGF&lt;/em&gt;). Taken together, this study proposes a novel, environmentally friendly AMP immersion treatment for severe cases of SUS. The therapeutic effects are closely to effectively eliminate pathogens, modulate the gut microbiota and enhance host immunity. A comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and mechanisms of AMP treatment in &lt;em&gt;A. japonicus&lt;/em&gt; SUS will contribute to assessing its advantages and potential applications as an antibiotic alternative, promoting &lt;em&gt;A. japonicus&lt;/em&gt; health and improving aquaculture practices.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110494"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N6-methyladenosine-dependent upregulation of lnc-28509 increases apoptosis and suppresses bacterial infection in sea cucumber","authors":"Siyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Sheng Huang ,&nbsp;Yina Shao ,&nbsp;Chenghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) as well as m6A (N6-methyladenosine) modification have been found to play important roles during pathogens infection induced innate immune response. However, the relationship between the lncRNAs and m6A modification remains unclear. Here, we show that the lncRNA (lnc-28509) from sea cucumber <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> was significantly induced in response to <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> infection. Knockdown of lnc-28509 inhibits the apoptosis of coelomocytes in sea cucumber and the elimination of <em>Vibrio splendidus</em>. In addition, m6A is highly enriched on lnc-28509 transcripts modified by methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) upon <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> infection and the METTL3 mediated m6A modification increased lnc-28509 expression through suppressing the decay of lnc-28509. Meanwhile, dual-luciferase reporter assay results revealed that lnc-28509 functions as a miRNA sponge of miR-2012, and miR-2012 inhibits the coelomocytes apoptosis via targeting apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIF-1) directly. The results suggested that lnc-28509 regulates apoptosis through sponging miR-2012 and promoting the accumulation of AIF-1. The unique m6A-dependent lncRNA-miRNA interaction can maintain the anti-bacterial role of lnc-28509. Collectively, these data highlight the critical role of m6A modification in the invertebrate lncRNA and reveal a previously unknown mechanism through which lncRNA-dependent cell apoptotic controlled bacterial infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYLD suppresses LPS-induced inflammation through RIP1 deubiquitination in rainbow trout","authors":"Ju Hye Jang ,&nbsp;Ha Rang Kim ,&nbsp;Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Ju Hyun Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) negatively regulates the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways by removing ubiquitin from upstream regulatory elements in the TLR pathway. Although the regulatory mechanisms of mammalian CYLD are well-characterized, its function in TLR signaling pathways in fish is still largely unexplored. Herein, we investigated the function of CYLD in modulating the TLR response in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>). LPS stimulation induced the expression of OmCYLD in RTH-149 cells. Using approaches to increase or decrease gene function, we demonstrated that OmCYLD inhibits MAPK and NF-κB activation and reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RTH-149 cells. OmCYLD interacted with RIP1, a critical regulator of TLR-mediated NF-κB signaling, via its third CAP-Gly domain and USP domain, independently of its deubiquitinating activity. LPS stimulation led to increased polyubiquitination of RIP1 in RTH-149 cells, which was suppressed by OmCYLD overexpression. Moreover, mutation of the USP domain impaired the deubiquitination of polyubiquitinated RIP1, confirming that the USP domain is essential for its deubiquitinating activity. These results suggest that, similar to mammals, OmCYLD regulates LPS-induced inflammation in rainbow trout, probably by modulating the ubiquitination status of RIP1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110489"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of starvation on the gut microbiota and intestine in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) against Cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) infection","authors":"Gao-peng Liu ,&nbsp;Zhuo-cong Li ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Shun Li ,&nbsp;Tao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viral infections cause substantial economic losses in aquaculture, particularly in intensive aquaculture conditions. While short-term starvation naturally occurs in wild fish and post-infection scenarios, the impact of starvation on gut microbiota and the effect on the host's intestinal tissue after viral infection remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of starvation on gut microbial and intestinal tissue damage in <em>Carassius gibelio</em> (gibel carp) caused by <em>C</em><em>yprinid herpesvirus-2</em> (CyHV-2) infection. Short-term starvation reduced gut microbiota diversity and induced distinct separation from the dietary state in healthy. Starvation increased <em>Cetobacterium</em> abundance and persisted post-infection while suppressing opportunistic pathogens such as <em>Aeromonas</em>, and maintained intestinal tissue integrity after CyHV-2 infection. Microbial correction network based on spearman correlation index revealed CyHV-2 infection increased microbiota complexity, whereas neutral modeling indicated short-term starvation moderated viral-induced deterministic shifts in microbial assembly process. Microbial community function demonstrated altered microbial metabolic profiles, including amino acid metabolism and chemotactic activity, under starvation and infection. We systematically characterize starvation on gut microbiota and find the protective effect of intestinal tissue after CyHV-2 infection. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the gut microbiota composition of gibel carp after starvation in healthy and CyHV-2 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}