Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"The immunomodulation of outer membrane vesicles from Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Lihan Wang ,&nbsp;Jinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Shengwen Li ,&nbsp;Zhe Qu ,&nbsp;Mengqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (<em>Vp</em>AHPND) is a significant bacterial pathogen to <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> aquaculture with a substantial economic burden. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria play complex roles in the modulation on host's immune response. To elucidate the potential roles of <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs on <em>L. vannamei</em> innate immune responses, this study investigated the immune responses and molecular mechanisms induced by <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs in hepatopancreas using transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. Shrimps were fed diets supplemented with 30 μg kg⁻¹ (T1 group) or 60 μg kg⁻¹ <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs (T2 group), and the control group was fed a normal diet (CK group). Neither growth rate and hepatopancreas histological structure were affected by <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs. The most pronounced changes in the activities of immune-related enzymes, including lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase and glutathione S-transferase, were observed at 7 and 14 days of the experiment, which suggested that <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs can rapidly and significantly enhance the activity of immune enzymes within a short period. The transcription levels of genes associated with immune and pathogen defense were significantly downregulated in the T1 and T2 groups including heat shock 70 kDa protein cognate 4-like (HSP70), beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein-like (GNBP1), C-type mannose receptor 2-like (MRC2), penaeidin-3a-like (PEN-3), and chitinase 10 (Cht10). Several key proteins were also significantly downregulated in the proteomics analysis, including alkaline phosphatase, integrin, cathepsin, C-type lectin 2, ras-related protein Rab-11A, and ferritin. Furthermore, the KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed proteins were associated with innate immune signaling pathways like apoptosis (ko04210), phagosome (ko04145) and lysosome (ko04142). All these results suggest that <em>Vp</em>AHPND-OMVs may have a dual regulatory effect on shrimp, initially activating the immune system but potentially leading to an immunosuppressive with prolonged exposure. This study enhanced our understanding on shrimp immune regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR-146a is critical for orchestrating Mycobacterium fortuitum survival through anti-inflammatory and M2 macrophage responses in fish","authors":"Priyanka Mehta ,&nbsp;Shibnath Mazumder","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in host response to non-tuberculoid mycobacteria like <em>Mycobacterium fortuitum</em> remains nascent. Using zebrafish kidney macrophages (ZFKM), we elucidate a novel function of miR-146a, orchestrated by the TLR-2-PI3K-NF-κB pathway, in <em>M. fortuitum</em> pathogenesis. We demonstrate that miR-146a facilitates anti-inflammatory response by targeting IRAK-1 and TRAF-6 in <em>M. fortuitum-</em>infected ZFKM. Moreover, miR-146a mitigates M1 macrophage activity by suppressing the iNOS-NO axis while enhancing M2-specific TGF-β mRNA expression and subsequent inhibition <em>of M. fortuitum</em> eradication. These findings collectively suggest that miR-146a diminishes macrophage-mediate <em>M. fortuitum</em> clearance. Our study provides novel insights into the intricate interplay between miRNAs and mycobacterial infections. We propose a mechanistic model wherein the TLR-2/NF-κB axis initiates miR-146a expression, which, in turn, suppresses <em>irak-1</em> and <em>traf-6</em>, fostering the development of M2 macrophages. Consequently, this creates an anti-inflammatory environment conducive to <em>M. fortuitum</em>survival. Our findings provide novel insights into the intricate interplay between miRNAs and mycobacterial persistence, a concerning aspect of pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) meal replacing dietary fishmeal alters the intestinal microbiota, anti-oxidation and immunity of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Peng Qu ,&nbsp;Jing Yuan ,&nbsp;Yang Wu ,&nbsp;Shuangjie Tian ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wu ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Pan ,&nbsp;Huasong Weng ,&nbsp;Kangsen Mai ,&nbsp;Wenbing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the impact of dietary fishmeal replacement with yellow mealworm (<em>Tenebrio molitor</em>) meal (TM) on the anti-oxidation, immunity and intestinal microbiota of large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>), with an initial body weight of 189.18 ± 0.13 g. Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were made using TM replacing the fishmeal at 0 % (TM0), 15 % (TM15), 30 % (TM30), 45 % (TM45), 60 % (TM60), 75 % (TM75) and 100 % (TM100), respectively. Each experimental diet was randomly assigned to three replicate groups of large yellow croaker (100 fish per group). After an 80-day feeding trial, it was showed that the activities of maltase, lysozyme and acid phosphatase in intestine, as well as serum albumin concentration and total anti-oxidative capacity in serum of fish fed diets with TM replacing fishmeal more than 60 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The intestinal muscularis thickness and perimeter-to-diameter ratio decreased significantly in TM75 and TM100 groups compared to the control (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). At the transcriptional level, the mRNA expression of <em>occludin</em>, zonula occludens-1 (<em>zo-1</em>), oligopeptide transporter 1 (<em>pept1</em>), and oligopeptide transporter 2 (<em>pept2</em>) in the intestine, along with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<em>nrf2</em>) and interleukin-10 (<em>il-10</em>) in both the intestine and liver, were linearly downregulated as the fishmeal replacement level increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). While the relative expression levels of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (<em>keap-1</em>)<em>,</em> nuclear factor-κB (<em>nf-κb</em>) and tumor necrosis factor-α (<em>tnf-α</em>) in the intestine and liver were linearly upregulated with increasing dietary fishmeal replacement levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Besides, increasing dietary fishmeal replacement levels maintained intestinal microbiota alpha diversity (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), while altering the intestinal microbial composition (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, replacing 45 % of fishmeal with TM (equivalent to 25.57 % TM in diet) had no significant negative effects on the intestinal microflora, anti-oxidation and immunity of large yellow croaker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neu1-deficient zebrafish cells exhibit reduced Edwardsiella piscicida infection due to altered lysosomal exocytosis and membrane dynamics","authors":"Mika Ishii ,&nbsp;Akari Tsurusaki ,&nbsp;Masaharu Komatsu ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Shiozaki","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Edwardsiella piscicida</em> is a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen causing Edwardsiellosis, leading to economic losses in aquaculture. While phagocytosis is its primary infection route, alternative entry pathways remain largely unexplored. Neu1 sialidase, a lysosomal enzyme in glycoconjugate degradation, was investigated for its role in <em>E. piscicida</em> infection using primary cultured cells derived from Neu1-KO zebrafish fin (Neu1-KO cells). Compared to wild-type (WT) cells, Neu1-KO cells exhibited lower infection rates, which were associated with enhanced lysosomal exocytosis. Infection was restored by the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM, highlighting the role of exocytosis. Leupeptin, a cysteine/serine protease inhibitor, increased <em>E. piscicida</em> infection in Neu1-KO cells. Neu1-KO cells exhibited lower <em>rab10</em> expression and reduced membrane ruffling, which was restored by BAPTA-AM and leupeptin. Given the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, we assessed its phosphorylation, which was reduced in Neu1-KO cells but restored by treatment with BAPTA-AM and leupeptin. This suggests that inhibiting lysosome exocytosis or extracellular protease activity may enhance EGFR phosphorylation. These findings indicate that the decreased <em>E. piscicida</em> infection in Neu1-KO cells resulted from enhanced lysosomal exocytosis, leading to increased extracellular protease secretion, subsequent EGFR inactivation by extracellular protease, and reduced EGFR-regulated ruffling. This study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial infection and lysosomal exocytosis, informing potential therapeutic strategies against intracellular pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-regulated flounder CLDN4 functions in anti-bacterial immunity","authors":"Xiaolu Guan ,&nbsp;Qian Wu ,&nbsp;Boguang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CLDN4 belongs to a multi-transmembrane protein family of claudins, which mainly functions in cell-cell adhesion and migration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulating factors that participate in broad biological process including immunity. Through high-throughput RNA sequencing strategy, a flounder miRNA, miR-29-x, was identified to be responsible to both bacteria and virus. In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanism and function of miR-29-x and its target gene of flounder CLDN4 (named PoCLDN4). We proved that miR-29-x could interact with the 3′UTR of PoCLDN4 and negatively regulate its expression. PoCLDN4 located on cell membrane, while the depletion of extracellular loop E2 abolished the membrane localization of this protein. E3 could bind different bacteria, and mutation of the amino acids of ¹³E and ¹⁸E enhanced this capacity, while mutation of ¹⁰L abolish this capacity. Further study revealed the bacteria killing effect of E3 and verified ¹⁰L as a key factor. These results identified the interaction between miR-29-x and PoCLDN4, and unraveled the function as well as the molecular basis of flounder CLDN4 in anti-bacterial immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of cortisol through GR regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) after LPS treatment in vitro","authors":"Peng Tang ,&nbsp;Yinqiu Chen ,&nbsp;Defang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Zhu ,&nbsp;Shaotong Dai ,&nbsp;Jiawen Zhou ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Huang ,&nbsp;Ping Ouyang ,&nbsp;Yi Geng ,&nbsp;Zhiqiong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cortisol can impact the transcription of downstream inflammation and immune-related genes via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thereby influencing the immune response and maintaining the homeostatic balance of the host. However, there is a lack of research on the mechanisms by which cortisol affects the immune response of Siberian sturgeon (<em>Acipenser baerii</em>) through GR. In this study, an anti-inflammatory state of Siberian sturgeon was established by the combined treatment of head kidney (HK) leukocytes with LPS + cortisol. Subsequently, the inflammation-related genes of the <em>Ab</em>GR antagonistic group (LPS + cortisol + RU-486) and the <em>Ab</em>GR non-antagonistic group (LPS + cortisol) were compared by qRT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing methods. Furthermore, an AP-1 agonist ASLAN003 was used to detect the regulatory effect of the AP-1 gene on inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that cortisol downregulated the expressions of <em>il-1β</em>, <em>il-6</em>, <em>il-8</em>, <em>tnf-α</em>, and <em>il-17c</em> that were induced by LPS, while simultaneously promoting the expressions of <em>tgf-β1</em>. Moreover, this pattern was reversed by adding RU486. When analyzing the differentially expressed genes in the transcriptome sequencing of HK leukocytes in <em>Ab</em>GR antagonistic group, 261 significantly down-regulated genes and 194 significantly up-regulated genes were annotated. Furthermore, 26 differentially expressed genes related to inflammation in <em>Ab</em>GR antagonistic group were enriched, and the key nuclear transcription factor AP-1 for regulating inflammation function of <em>Ab</em>GR was selected based on the enrichment factor and <em>p-</em>value for subsequent research. In the HK leukocytes after cortisol + ASLAN003 treatment, the expressions of <em>fosl1</em> and <em>jund</em> that were induced by ASLAN003 were significantly down-regulated after cortisol treatment. In this situation, the expression of <em>tgf-β1</em> was significantly increased, and the expression of <em>tnf-α</em> was significantly decreased after cortisol treatment. Therefore, this study demonstrated that cortisol inhibits the expression of AP-1 through GR in Siberian sturgeon, and then regulates the generation of the inflammatory response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic signatures related to the immune priming of Ruditapes philippinarum in response to the re-infection of Vibrio anguillarum","authors":"Shikang Li ,&nbsp;Hongtao Nie ,&nbsp;Zhongming Huo ,&nbsp;Xiwu Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manila clam (<em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em>) is a commercially valuable bivalve species, but its susceptibility to pathogenic microorganisms in aquaculture limits the development of the shellfish industry. Immune priming has been previously found in other invertebrates, but not in the unique immune system of the <em>R. philippinarum.</em> In the present study, the survival rate of <em>R. philippinarum</em> after two consecutive injections of <em>Vibrio anguillarum</em> was recorded, and the mechanisms of immune priming was studied by transcriptome analysis of <em>R. philippinarum</em> after two consecutive stimulations of <em>V. anguillarum</em>. <em>R. philippinarum</em> was first injected with <em>V. anguillarum</em> with PBS control group (SA), and then injected with <em>V. anguillarum</em> again after seven days (AA) with PBS control group (SS). The log-rank test showed that the survival rate of the AA group after the second injection was significantly higher than that of the other control groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The analysis of hepatopancreatic bacterial load showed that the pathogen clearance efficiency of the AA group was significantly enhanced. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), antioxidant enzymes (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased after <em>V. anguillarum</em> infection, and the secondary stimulation was significantly higher than the primary stimulation. In addition, transcriptome analysis results showed that a common 84 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated after the primary stimulation and secondary stimulation compared with the SS control group, including C-type mannose receptor 2 (<em>MRC2</em>), Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 (<em>Atg12</em>) and Toll-like receptor 4 (<em>TLR4</em>). The results of transcriptome analysis were verified by qRT-PCR of fifteen immune-related DEGs. The results showed that the pattern recognition receptors (PRR)-related genes are involved in immune priming. This study provides novel insights into physiological and molecular evidences of the immune priming response in <em>R. philippinarum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyvalent immunoprotection of protein, DNA and IgY antibody vaccines of Vibrio fluvialis outer membrane protein VF08100 in fish","authors":"Huihui Xiao ,&nbsp;Saixing Duan ,&nbsp;Pan Cui ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Xixian Che ,&nbsp;Juan Lu ,&nbsp;Juan Wang ,&nbsp;Guoping Zhu ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccines are of great importance to green aquaculture. In this study, the polyvalent immunoprotective activities of protein, DNA and egg yolk antibody (IgY) vaccines of <em>Vibrio fluvialis</em> outer membrane protein VF08100 were assessed. <em>Carassius auratus</em> was immunized with these three vaccines and challenged with <em>V. fluvialis</em> and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. The results showed that the three vaccines had significant immune protection rates (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) against <em>V. fluvialis</em> and <em>A. hydrophila</em> infections, could activate the congenital immune response in <em>C. auratus</em>, and downregulate the expression of inflammation genes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and antioxidant factors (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) to reduce the inflammatory response and antioxidant reactions, respectively. Moreover, the three vaccines could protect the internal tissue structure integrity and reduce the apoptosis and DNA damage of kidney cells induced by bacterial infection. Therefore, the protein, DNA and IgY vaccines of VF08100 resisted multiple bacterial infections and can be used as polyvalent candidate vaccines for aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of intestinal protein signatures in pacific white-leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with white feces syndrome by proteome","authors":"Kangze Xv ,&nbsp;Aobo Pang ,&nbsp;Tingting Wang ,&nbsp;Adinda Luthfiah ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White feces syndrome (WFS) has been one of the emerging diseases causing instructive economic losses in the penaeid shrimp aquaculture industry, though the etiology of WFS remains unclear. In this research, we have collected intestinal samples from normal and diseased shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) from the natural shrimp cultivation farm for histological and proteomic analysis. The preliminary pathogen detection confirmed that WFS in this study was (<em>Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei</em>) EHP-WFS that was related to <em>Vibrio</em> spp. Moreover, the destructive damage of the intestine in WFS-diseased shrimp revealed by histological observation indicated a deficiency in digestive capacity, which might be closely related to WFS. Furthermore, we have characterized 86 and 165 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) through a non-directional integrative analysis, which were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. The down-regulation of various digestive enzymes in the WFS-diseased shrimp was consistent with the results of intestinal histology. DEPs were enriched in the lysosome and sphingolipid metabolism pathway, indicating that they were strongly associated with the occurrence of WFS (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Of this, the expression of down-regulated proteins in the lysosomal pathway was further validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Ultimately, crustin, lipase, and glucosylceramidase (GBA), which were significantly decreased in WFS-diseased shrimp, were screened as the predictive protein signatures for the diagnosis and prevention of WFS. Consequently, our results will provide a theoretical reference for the diagnosis of EHP-WFS by the protein aspect and crustin, lipase, and GBA may be predictive signatures that are suitable for EHP-WFS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemocyanin-derived antimicrobial peptide PvL1 defense against AHPND infection by regulating the hepatopancreatic microbiota of Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Maoshuai Fu ,&nbsp;Minrui Liao ,&nbsp;Yingmei Qin ,&nbsp;Lixuan He ,&nbsp;Zhihong Zheng ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingyun Liu ,&nbsp;Yueling Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianliang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of host microbiota, serving as the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms. However, the potential mechanisms by which AMPs modulate microbial homeostasis are not fully understood. In this study, we showed that <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> (VP_AHPND) infection could suppress the expression of hemocyanin and promote its degradation. <em>Pv</em>L1, a hemocyanin-derived AMP, exhibited high antibacterial activity against AHPND infection. Then, it was observed that <em>Pv</em>L1 could restore the dysbiosis in the hepatopancreas microbiota of AHPND shrimps. In addition, <em>Pv</em>L1 could increase the survival of shrimp against VP_AHPND infection by modulating the predominance of bacteria in the hepatopancreas microbiota. Taken together, these findings highlight the crucial role of hemocyanin-derived peptides in maintaining homeostasis in the hepatopancreas microbiota in response to AHPND disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}