Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Non-coding RNAs and regulatory networks involved in the Ameson portunus (Microsporidia)-Portunus trituberculatus interaction","authors":"Min Zhou,&nbsp;Xintong Zhang,&nbsp;Shuqi Chen,&nbsp;Zhaozhe Xin,&nbsp;Jinyong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ameson portunus</em>, the causative agent of “toothpaste disease\" in <em>Portunus trituberculatus</em> and “slurry-like syndrome” in <em>Scylla paramamosain</em>, has resulted in considerable economic losses in the marine crab aquaculture industry in China. Practical control strategies are yet unavailable. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial components of gene regulation of intracellular parasites, however, their roles in regulating the microsporidia-host interaction remain limited. Here we conducted a whole-transcriptome RNA-seq analysis to identify ncRNAs and to establish the interaction regulatory networks to get further insights into the <em>A. portunus</em>-<em>P. trituberculatus</em> interaction. Totally, 2805 mRNAs, 484 lncRNAs, 5 circRNAs, and 496 miRNAs were identified from <em>A. portunus</em>. These ncRNAs are possibly important regulators for its own energy and substrate metabolism, thereby supporting the intracellular survival and proliferation of <em>A. portunus</em>. DNA replication-associated mRNAs were significantly up-regulated after <em>P. trituberculatus</em> infection with <em>A. portunus</em>. It can be hypothesized that up-regulated lncRNAs may be responsible for the up-regulation of these DNA replication-related genes by miRNAs in <em>P. trituberculatus</em>. The downregulation of metabolic pathways is one of possible strategies of <em>P. trituberculatus</em> to respond the infection of <em>A. portunus</em>. Cross-species miRNAs were suggested to play important roles in the cross-talk of <em>P. trituberculatus</em>-<em>A. portunus</em>, e.g. the disruption of the cytoskeletal organization and normal cell function of host by this microsporidian. The results enrich the knowledge of ncRNAs in microsporidia and offer new insights into microsporidia-host interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"G-CSF modulates innate and adaptive immunity via the ligand-receptor pathway of binding GCSFR in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","authors":"Panqiu Geng ,&nbsp;Xianghu Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaokai Hao ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Tang ,&nbsp;Jing Xing ,&nbsp;Xiuzhen Sheng ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhan ,&nbsp;Roy Ambli Dalmo ,&nbsp;Heng Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown in mammalia to activate a series of signal transduction systems and exert various biological effects, such as controlling the differentiation, proliferation, and survival of granulocytes, promoting the movement of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow to the bloodstream, and triggering the development of T cells, dendritic cells, and immune tolerance in transplants. In this study, the mRNA of flounder G-CSF (<em>Po</em>G-CSF) and its receptor (<em>Po</em>GCSFR) were detected and widely expressed in all examined tissues with the highest expression in peritoneal cells. G-CSF⁺ and GCSFR⁺ cells were observed to be abundantly distributed in the leukocytes from the peritoneal cavity, followed by head kidney. <em>Po</em>G-CSF was detected in IgM⁺, CD4⁺, MHCII⁺ and CD83⁺ cells which indicated that flounder lymphocytes, dendritic cells and other MHCII positive cells may produce G-CSF protein. <em>Po</em>GCSFR was expressed in the MPO⁺ cells, suggesting that <em>Po</em>GCSFR is mainly expressed in flounder granulocytes. In addition, r<em>Po</em>G-CSF demonstrated a capacity to enhance the phagocytosis of peritoneal cells and HK leukocytes <em>in vitro</em>. <em>In vivo</em>, the percentage of IgM⁺, CD4⁺, MHCII⁺, CD83⁺ and GCSFR⁺ cells in the peritoneal cavity increased after r<em>Po</em>G-CSF i.p. stimulation. It seemed that r<em>Po</em>G-CSF promoted the migration of innate cells from the head kidney into the peritoneal cavity. Meanwhile, administration of r<em>Po</em>G-CSF increased the expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines. Finally, drawing of the interfaces of G-CSF and GCSFR showed the principal hydrogen-bonding linkages. This study suggests that G-CSF as a pleiotropic growth factor binding to GCSFR may be involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-203-3p participates in antiviral immune response by negatively regulating TRAF3 in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Tongzhen Sun ,&nbsp;Jinqiang Huang ,&nbsp;Yongjuan Li ,&nbsp;Shenji Wu ,&nbsp;Lu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yujun Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in fish immune response by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, the viral diseases caused by infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) have caused significant economic losses in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) aquaculture, whereas the immune regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs involved in rainbow trout resistance to IHNV infection remains largely undefined. In this study, we analyzed the structural characteristics of <em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em> tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (OmTRAF3) by bioinformatics software and explored the molecular mechanism of miR-203-3p in rainbow trout resistance to IHNV by regulating <em>OmTRAF3 in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. The open reading frame (ORF) of <em>OmTRAF3</em> gene was 1731 bp and encoded 576 amino acids including an N-terminal RING finger domain, two zinc finger domains, a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal MATH domain. The expression pattern analysis showed that the expression of miR-203-3p and <em>OmTRAF3</em> in immune-related tissues (head kidney, spleen, and liver) and liver cells of rainbow trout infected with IHNV varied with certain regularity and had opposite trends at key time points, and a targeting relationship between miR-203-3p and <em>OmTRAF3</em> was confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Further, we found that <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> overexpression of miR-203-3p significantly reduced the expression of <em>OmTRAF3</em>, downstream immune-related genes (<em>OmTANK</em>, <em>OmIKKε</em>, <em>OmIFN1</em>, and <em>OmISG15</em>) and promoted IHNV copy number replication, while silencing of miR-203-3p yielded opposite results. More importantly, <em>OmTRAF3</em> and downstream genes as well as IHNV copy number changed accordingly with the silencing of <em>OmTRAF3</em>. The above results revealed that miR-203-3p participates in the immune response against IHNV by targeting <em>OmTRAF3</em>, and provides a theoretical basis for the screening of antiviral drugs in rainbow trout.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating LPS-induced stress in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) with P4’ peptide-bearing Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Chao-Fan He ,&nbsp;Ye Yang ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang-Fei Li ,&nbsp;Guang-Zhen Jiang ,&nbsp;Wen-Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Chinese mitten crab (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>) is an important component in Chinese aquaculture. Due to its lacking adaptive immune system as a crustacean, it exhibits poor tolerance to environmental stresses, particularly the deleterious impact of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from pathogenic bacteria during <em>E. sinensis</em> culture. In a previous study, we isolated LGSPDVIVIR (cmP4) peptide from cottonseed meal hydrolysate, having excellent antioxidant and immune-enhancing properties in vitro. Expressing this peptide abundantly as a tandem (a tandem of five cmP4 peptides, cmP4’) using the <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> expression system, we aimed to investigate the effects of incorporating recombinant <em>B. subtilis</em> into diets on growth performance, acute oxidative stress, and hepatopancreatic injury induced by LPS injection in <em>E. sinensis</em>. Crabs were cultured for a period of 12 weeks on three diets: basal diet, basal diet supplemented with 10⁹ CFU/kg of unmodified <em>B. subtilis</em>, and recombinant <em>B. subtilis</em>, respectively. Results indicated that both <em>B. subtilis</em> species improved the growth performance of <em>E. sinensis</em>. Subsequent challenge with LPS at 400 μg/kg body weight for 6 h revealed that both <em>B. subtilis</em> groups exhibited improved antioxidant capacity, decreased oxidative stress indexes in hemolymph, enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced hepatopancreatic damage compared to the single LPS-treated group. Notably, the recombinant <em>B. subtilis</em> had better performance, demonstrating superior effects. Specifically, compared with the single LPS-treated group, the oxidative stress indexes, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis-related gene expression in both <em>B. subtilis</em> groups followed a similar trend. However, the recombinant <em>B. subtilis</em> group displayed greater absolute changes in these indexes, a finding further supported by histopathological observations of the hepatopancreas. In conclusion, this study provides useful information for promoting the application of plant protein by-products in aquafeeds, promoting antimicrobial-free aquaculture practices for <em>E. sinensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rahnella aquatilis VgrG-mediated PANoptosis in macrophages of Carassius auratus by dual RNA-seq analysis","authors":"Xiaoran Liu ,&nbsp;Yanyan Cao ,&nbsp;Xiucai Hu,&nbsp;Aijun Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rahnella aquatilis</em> is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that usually causes septicemia in fish and poses a potential threat to human health. <em>VgrG</em> gene is an important virulence factor of type VI secretion system in <em>R. aquatilis</em>, but its regulatory mechanism underlying PANoptosis is still unknown. Here, <em>VgrG</em> deletion mutant strain of <em>R. aquatilis</em> (Δ<em>VgrG</em>-RA) and recombinant plasmid pET32a-<em>VgrG</em> were respectively constructed, and immunohistochemistry for VgrG as well as PANoptosis features were evaluated. Moreover, the interaction transcriptome of Δ<em>VgrG</em>-mediated pathogen and host was determined by dual RNA-seq using an in vitro model of the primary macrophage cells from crucian carp <em>Carassius auratus</em>, and a total of 889 and 3765 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in pathogen-host interaction genes, respectively. Notably, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were significantly involved in the PANoptosis pathways in Δ<em>VgrG</em> mutant-infected macrophages. The regulatory relationship of potential PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) were analysed comprehensively, and their binding interaction of several hub proteins (eg., YcgR, Bcl2a, Calr3a, IL-1β) were determined by molecular docking analysis. To our best knowledge, this is first report of <em>R. aquatilis VgrG</em>-mediated interactions between pathogen and host macrophage cells, which will provide a new reference for understanding of molecular mechanism underlying PANoptosis in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of two recombinase-aided amplification assays combined with lateral flow dipstick (RAA-LFD) and real-time fluorescence (RF-RAA) for the detection of Frog virus 3-like ranaviruses","authors":"Shishun Gui ,&nbsp;Jiang Wu ,&nbsp;Lishan Liao ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Zheng ,&nbsp;Peng Zhu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Dan Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Ke ,&nbsp;Hong Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Sun ,&nbsp;Lang Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frog virus 3-like ranaviruses (FV3-like viruses), particularly FV3 (Frog virus 3), represent typical species within the genus <em>Ranavirus</em>, primarily infecting amphibians and reptiles, thereby posing serious threats to aquaculture and biodiversity conservation. We designed a pair of universal primers and a probe targeting the conserved region of the major capsid protein (MCP) genes of FV3-like viruses. By integrating recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) technology and real-time fluorescence (RF) modification, we established RAA-LFD and RF-RAA assays. The limit of detection (LoD) of RAA-LFD was determined to be 35.4 copies/μL under optimized amplification conditions at 35 °C for 15 min. Similarly, the RF-RAA assay exhibited high specificity with a satisfactory LoD of 3.54 × 10² copies/μL at 39 °C over a duration of 17–20 min. In diagnosing 53 clinical samples infected by an isolated strain of FV3-like viruses, both assays demonstrated consistency with results obtained from real-time fluorescence PCR assay. These experiments indicate that both methods serve as promising alternatives for point-of care testing (POST), adaptable to various scenarios. This study represents the first establishment of RAA-LFD and RF-RAA assays for FV3-likes viruses, enabling rapid and intuitive assessment of detection results while fulfilling on-site testing requirements, thus contributing positively to swift diagnosis and long-term monitoring in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143037706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-derived Pediococcus acidilactici B49: A promising probiotic for immunomodulation and disease control in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Xinru Wang,&nbsp;Lei Zhu,&nbsp;Zhengyan Du,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Libo Hou,&nbsp;Chen Li,&nbsp;Xinyu Jiang,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Chao Pei,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Xianghui Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finding effective alternatives to antibiotics is crucial for sustainable aquaculture. Host-derived probiotics have great potential as a promising alternative to antibiotics for immune regulation and disease control in fish farming. However, limited research exists regarding the application of native probiotics in largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>). This study aims to evaluate the potential of the endogenous strain <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> B49 as a probiotic in modulating host immunity and disease control through <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments. The results demonstrated that <em>P. acidilactici</em> B49 exhibited no hemolytic activity and displayed susceptibility to most tested antibiotics. It successfully survived and colonized in the intestinal tract of the largemouth bass. Furthermore, this strain showed remarkable antibacterial activity against common aquatic pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and also exhibited resistance against <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> on the head kidney leukocytes of largemouth bass <em>in vitro</em>. Following an 8-week feeding trial, <em>P. acidilactici</em> B49 improved host immunity by increasing intestinal lysozyme activity, enhancing <em>IL-8</em> expression, reducing <em>TGF-β</em> expression, and enhancing IgM levels in both serum and intestinal mucus. It also potentiated the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In addition, the B49 feeding group showed a significant increase in intestinal villus height. The challenge test with <em>A. hydrophila</em> demonstrated that the administration of <em>P. acidilactici</em> B49 effectively maintained intestinal barrier integrity, reduced gut inflammation, decreased pathogen load in the spleen, and improved survival rates in largemouth bass. In conclusion, the host-derived strain <em>P. acidilactici</em> B49 exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial ability, biosafety, and intestinal colonization in largemouth bass. It effectively improved immune function, intestinal health, and resistance against <em>A. hydrophila</em> in the host<em>.</em> Therefore, <em>P. acidilactici</em> B49 is a promising probiotic for immunomodulation and disease control in largemouth bass aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of CD83 and CD276 as markers of dendritic cells in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","authors":"Min-Young Sohn ,&nbsp;Ji-Min Jeong ,&nbsp;Gyoungsik Kang ,&nbsp;Won-Sik Woo ,&nbsp;Kyung-Ho Kim ,&nbsp;Ha-Jeong Son ,&nbsp;Chan-Il Park","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in activating naïve T-cells and bridging innate and adaptive immunity. This study aimed to identify and characterize CD83 and CD276 as potential markers for DCs in olive flounder (<em>Paralichthys olivaceus</em>). Specific antibodies against these markers were developed and used to analyze their distribution in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and intestinal tissues. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry revealed that CD83 and CD276 are expressed on DCs, with peak expression observed one week after oral administration of an inactivated viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccine. Gene expression analysis further demonstrated significant activation of immune-related genes, including CD3, IgM, and TLRs, indicating that oral vaccine administration effectively activates the intestinal mucosal immune system. These findings provide valuable insights into fish immune responses and establish CD83 and CD276 as promising DC markers, contributing to the development of mucosal vaccine strategies in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular responses of Mytilus coruscus hemocytes to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan as revealed by 4D-DIA based quantitative proteomics analysis","authors":"Wenhui Xiao ,&nbsp;Fang Song ,&nbsp;Zilin Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoshan Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianyu He ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Isabella Buttino ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan ,&nbsp;Zhi Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mytilus</em> are sessile filter feeders that live in close contact with numerous marine microorganisms. Hemocytes, the immunocompetent cells of <em>Mytilus</em>, participate in the immune response in a very efficient manner. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) follow specific microbe/pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs) and are involved in immune stimulation in host cells. This study evaluated the molecular profiles and reactions at protein level of <em>Mytilus</em> hemocytes after stimulation with LPS and PGN. <em>Mytilus coruscus</em> was challenged <em>in vivo</em> with LPS and PGN. The hemocytes were collected after 48 h and analyzed for quantitative proteomics, cell subpopulations, and the free amino acid composition. 4D-DIA technology-based proteomic analysis revealed different protein profiles, as well as different responses at protein level, under either the LPS or PGN challenge. C-type lectins, collagens, and CD151 protein were highly upregulated in LPS-challenged mussels, while phospholipase A2 and dCMP deaminase were highly upregulated in PGN-challenged mussels. Moreover, LPS challenge disrupted dsRNA-mediated translation and stimulated energy-related metabolism, while PGN challenge stimulated proteins involved in the inflammatory response and suppressed amino acid metabolism. In addition, the LPS and PGN challenges differed in their effects on the free amino acid composition and granulocytes ratio of the hemocytes. These findings highlight the different strategies employed by mussel hemocytes in response to different MAMPs, providing insights into the effects of LPS and PGN on <em>Mytilus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIASy of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) negatively regulates RLRs-mediated innate antiviral immunity","authors":"Qiongyue Xu ,&nbsp;Siting Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Lei ,&nbsp;Helong Cao ,&nbsp;Zhouling Zhan ,&nbsp;Qiwei Qin ,&nbsp;Jingguang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During viral infection, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors that recognize and bind to viral RNA components, initiating the transcription of interferon-related genes, inflammatory cytokines and other factors, thereby triggering the cellular production of an antiviral innate immune response. The protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) (PIAS) protein family has become a hot research topic due to its extensive involvement in the regulation of cytokines, inflammatory factors and innate immune signaling pathways. In the present study, we investigated the role of fish PIASy in Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) and red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infections. The homologous sequence of orange-spotted grouper (<em>Epinephelus coioides</em>) PIASy gene (EcPIASy) was cloned and characterized, which encoded a 498-amino acid protein with 99.20 % homology to <em>Plectropomus leopardus</em>. EcPIASy is expressed mainly in gills, blood, and liver. Subcellular localization showed that EcPIASy was uniformly distributed in the nucleus. Overexpression of EcPIASy promoted SGIV and RGNNV replication, and inhibited the expression of interferon related genes and pro-inflammatory factors induced by viruses. In addition, EcPIASy interacts with RLR signaling pathway-related genes EcMDA5, EcIRF3 and EcIRF7, whereas the interaction between EcPIASy and EcIRF3 does not depend on any specific structural domain of EcPIASy. The results provide a better understanding of the relationship between PIASy and viral infection in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}