Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Cloning of Toll3 and Toll4 and association analysis among their SNP haplotypes and disease resistance in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)","authors":"Xuewei Liu (刘雪伟) ,&nbsp;Tiantian Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Ren ,&nbsp;Xintao Zhu ,&nbsp;Yunfei Tan ,&nbsp;Xinyu Guan ,&nbsp;Xufeng Bai (白旭峰)","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the expansion of the culture scale of red swamp crayfish (<em>Procambarus clarkii</em>), the high incidence of diseases has seriously threatened the development of its industry. In this study, <em>PcToll3</em> and <em>PcToll4</em> were respectively cloned and explored SNPs among the germplasm populations, which had been identified relating to disease resistance in crayfish based on our previous study. A total of 3036 bp and 2820 bp of the open reading frame of <em>PcToll3</em> and <em>PcToll4</em> encoded 1011 and 939 amino acids, respectively. They were specially expressed in haemolymph, and significantly up-regulated expression after stimulation by <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em>, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> and white spot syndrome virus. It was found that the expression of downstream genes <em>PcALF</em>, <em>PcCru</em>, <em>PcIMD</em>, <em>PcMyD88</em>, and <em>PcNF-κB</em> were repressed after interference of <em>PcToll3</em> and/or <em>PcToll4</em>. Totally, 16 and 19 SNPs in the coding region of <em>PcToll3</em> and <em>PcToll4</em> were mined, and the favoured haplotypes and the combinations of them were classified according to the associated SNPs with the disease resistance in crayfish. The haplotypes of Toll3-Hap1, Toll4-Hap1 and the combination of Toll3+Toll4-Hap1 were further validated that they had the stronger disease resistance comparing to others haplotypes, and the related KASP markers were developed for further breeding application. This study will advance our understanding of the function of the two <em>Toll</em> genes in crayfish, and provide the markers for the molecular breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemocyte motility: A marker of inflammation in Mytilus sp","authors":"Corentine Guilloton,&nbsp;Frank Le Foll,&nbsp;Yosra Ben Cheikh","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bivalve immunity relies exclusively on innate cellular and humoral mechanisms, during which cells named haemocytes maraud across tissues to survey the organism and cope with invaders through migration towards infected site. Immune response is therefore governed by haemocyte motility. This review focuses on the different types of haemocyte movement in <em>Mytilus</em> sp. To address their role in immunity, from random patrolling of organs to directed pathogen elimination. By forming cell clusters or aggregates of different sizes, haemocyte displacements define inflammation <em>per se</em> in mussels. Although described for many years, motility can now be quantified by advanced microscopy techniques that give access to cell velocity values, allowing us to quantify inflammation. As various biotic and abiotic factors have been found to modulate haemocyte velocity, this parameter can be considered a marker to assess the inflammation level, paving the way for future developments in determining the immune status of mussels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and preliminary immune function of SRA5 in Lateolabrax maculatus","authors":"Yangtao Peng ,&nbsp;Changhong Lin ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Lulu Yan ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Zhao ,&nbsp;Lihua Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scavenger receptors (SRs) are crucial for pattern recognition in the innate immune system. However, the role of <em>Scavenger Receptors class A member 5</em> (<em>SRA5</em>) in the immunological response of bony fish to pathogen invasion remains unclear. This study identified and characterized the <em>SRA5</em> of <em>Lateolabrax maculatus</em> (<em>LmSRA5</em>) from its transcriptome database. <em>LmSRA5</em> has a 1494 bp open reading frame, encodes 497 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 55.01 kDa, and contains a collagen domain and a conserved Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich domain. <em>LmSRA5</em> exhibited high sequence similarity to previously reported <em>SRA5</em> genes. <em>LmSRA5</em> exhibited high sequence similarity to previously reported <em>SRA5</em> genes. <em>LmSRA5</em> is primarily localized in the cytoplasm, with its encoded proteins distributed in both the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. <em>LmSRA5</em> was expressed in all tissues. The highest expression was observed in the pituitary gland, with significant levels in the stomach, intestines, liver, and kidney. <em>LmSRA5</em> expression in the head kidney, spleen, blood, and intestines initially increased, then decreased following infection with <em>Aeromonas veronii</em>. The binding affinity of LmSRA5 for <em>A. veronii</em> was enhanced by increasing concentrations of the extracellular domain recombinant LmSRA5. Knockdown and overexpression experiments in liver cells demonstrated that <em>LmSRA5</em> significantly regulates the expression of <em>IL-8</em> and <em>c-Jun</em>. <em>LmSRA5</em> participates in the immune response by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and contributes to immune regulation through modulation <em>IL-8</em> and <em>c-Jun</em>. This study offers valuable insights into the role of <em>SRA5</em> in pathogen resistance and immune regulation in bony fish, thereby contributing to the advancement of aquaculture under escalating disease pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagy enhances the antibacterial response in Macrobrachium rosenbergii by modulating cellular metabolism and immune pathways","authors":"Feifei Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Wen ,&nbsp;Aiping Tan ,&nbsp;Yuting Deng ,&nbsp;Ling Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Gong ,&nbsp;Yingtiao Lai ,&nbsp;Zhibin Huang ,&nbsp;Fei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autophagy plays a crucial role in innate and adaptive immunity against invading microorganisms. However, the mechanism underlying autophagy in <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em> remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> activates autophagy in <em>M. rosenbergii</em>, according to Western blot, qRT-PCR, and transmission electron microscopy observations. Rapamycin treatment to activate autophagy in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> followed by stimulation with <em>A. hydrophila</em> significantly decreased the <em>A. hydrophila</em> OmpA copy number in the gills of <em>M. rosenbergii</em>. Furthermore, high-throughput RNA-seq analysis of <em>M. rosenbergii</em> gills treated with rapamycin revealed 1684 upregulated and 1500 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), most of which regulate metabolic pathways. A comprehensive joint analysis of the two transcriptomic databases for <em>A. hydrophila</em> infection and rapamycin treatment identified 15 upregulated and 25 downregulated DEGs, respectively. These genes enhance the immune defense of <em>M. rosenbergii</em> by negatively regulating metabolic pathways and promoting immune pathways. Our results provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the antibacterial mechanism of <em>M. rosenbergii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of immunological effects of two DNA vaccines against Nocardia seriolae in hybrid snakehead","authors":"Yiming Wen ,&nbsp;Guoquan Chen ,&nbsp;Yuhao Li ,&nbsp;Deyu Ning ,&nbsp;Wanna Sirimanapong ,&nbsp;Liqun Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although DNA vaccines hold significant potential, their practical application in aquaculture remains limited. In both mammals and teleost fish, B cells, which recognize antigens and produce antibodies, play an important role in immunity. In this study, B-cell epitopes capable of inducing fish immunity from IS701 family transposase (IS701) and molybdopterin-dependent oxidoreductase (Mol) proteins of <em>Nocardia seriolae</em> were screened. PcDNA-IS701 and pcDNA-Mol recombinant plasmids were constructed. The results showed that two proteins possessed multiple B-cell epitopes, and both pcDNA-IS701 and pcDNA-Mol induced innate immunity and specific antibody responses, along with increased mRNA expression levels of genes encoding humoral (<em>MHCIIα</em> and <em>CD4</em>) and cell-mediated (<em>MHCIα</em> and <em>CD8α</em>) immunity. In addition, both pcDNA-IS701 and pcDNA-Mol strengthened the protection against <em>N. seriolae</em> infection, with immune protection rates of 45.06 % for IS701 and 61.04 % for Mol, respectively. In conclusion, pcDNA-IS701 and pcDNA-Mol are candidate DNA vaccines for nocardiosis in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and characterization of a gill cell line from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)","authors":"Jiaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang Shi ,&nbsp;Zhihong Gong ,&nbsp;Songlin Chen ,&nbsp;Guobin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbot (<em>Scophthalmus maximus</em>) is a main breeding marine fish species in northern China, but its aquaculture industry is seriously threatened by bacterial diseases. The turbot cell line will provide effective tools for the study of turbot immunity and basic biology. In this study, a continuous passaged <em>Scophthalmus maximus</em> gill (SMG) cell line was established through primary culture and subculture, and the optimal culture conditions were determined. The culture medium consists only of a basal medium L-15, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics without supplementing growth factors and other additives. Its turbot-derivation was verified by chromosomal analysis and 18S rRNA sequencing. We also confirmed that pEGFP-C1 plasmid could transfect SMG cells. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the transcriptome of SMG cells changed. The results of gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in immune-related signaling pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway. Taken together, we established an easy-to-culture cell line from turbot gill, which provides a convenient tool for studying turbot diseases and immune mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The structural characteristics and expression characteristics of C1S in response to GCRV infection in grass carp","authors":"Yuling Wei ,&nbsp;Zhao Lv ,&nbsp;Zongjun Du ,&nbsp;Tiaoyi Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complement system, a critical component of innate immunity in fish, plays a pivotal role in the defense against Grass Carp Reovirus (GCRV) infection in grass carp. This study explores the structural characteristics of <em>C1S</em>, a crucial molecule in the classical pathway of the complement system, and its involvement in the response to GCRV infection. We found that the grass carp <em>C1S</em> gene comprises six domains similar to those in mammals: two CUB (Complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domains, two CCP (Complement control protein) domains, one EGFCA (Calcium-binding epidermal growth factor) domain, and one Tryp_SPc (Trypsin‐like serine protease) domain, albeit without chromosomal collinearity to humans. Comparative analysis revealed that the identity and similarity of this gene with those in other species range from 30.6 to 89.4 % and 30.7–89.7 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis positioned <em>C1S</em> in close relation with <em>R. klamathensis</em> and <em>D. rerio</em>. Tissue expression profiles in both healthy and GCRV-infected grass carp indicated primary expression of <em>C1S</em> in the liver, with expression peaks at day 7 post-infection in the liver and spleen, and at day 5 in the kidney. Functional assays demonstrated that C1S activates the complement system via cleavage of complement component 3 (C3) into C3b, further inhibiting GCRV replication and upregulating antiviral genes <em>IFN1</em>, <em>IRF3</em>, and <em>IRF7</em>. These findings elucidate the mechanism by which the complement system mediates resistance to GCRV infection in grass carp, offering a substantial theoretical foundation for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal effects on offspring immunity in fish","authors":"Jie Ma ,&nbsp;Kenneth D. Cain","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aquaculture industry faces many challenges, particularly concerning disease-related mortality during early life stages. Disease impacts at this stage can disrupt seed stock availability and potentially affect industry supply chains. Enhancing immunocompetence in aquaculture species is crucial for sustainable and cost-effective production, with potential benefits including increased survival and reduced dependence on therapeutics such as antibiotics. Maternal immunity involving the transfer of immune factors from adult female broodstock to eggs and/or embryos can play a critical role in protecting vulnerable offspring against pathogens until their immune system becomes immunocompetent. This review summarizes the current understanding of maternal immunity in fish and provides insights into the factors influencing its impact on offspring of different fish species and their immune responses. In specific cases, maternal immunity can be targeted and enhanced to offer practical applications for aquaculture disease management and enhanced production. Understanding and optimizing maternal transfer of immunity in aquaculture holds significant potential for improving fish health and reducing disease impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary evidence of a life stage specific antibody response to Cardicola spp. (Trematoda: Aporocotylidae) in ranched Southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii","authors":"Maree Widdicombe ,&nbsp;Melissa Carabott ,&nbsp;Cecilia Power ,&nbsp;Emma Wanicek ,&nbsp;Daryl L. Evans ,&nbsp;Paul A. Ramsland ,&nbsp;Barbara F. Nowak ,&nbsp;Nathan J. Bott","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cardicola forsteri</em> (Trematoda: Aporocotylidae) is a significant pathogen for the Australian Southern bluefin tuna (SBT, <em>Thunnus maccoyii</em>) aquaculture industry infecting up to 100 % of fish. This study investigated the relationship between the SBT <em>C. forsteri</em> antibody response and <em>Cardicola</em> spp. infection during an extended ranching period. SBT were sampled at 11 time points during commercial harvest in Port Lincoln, South Australia ranging from 13 to 40 weeks post treatment (PT) with praziquantel. <em>C. forsteri</em> specific serum antibodies were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and <em>Cardicola</em> spp. infection was quantified using adult fluke counts from SBT heart and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of <em>C. forsteri</em> or <em>C</em>. <em>orientalis</em> ITS-2 rDNA in SBT gills. <em>C. forsteri</em> specific IgM was significantly higher in SBT positive for <em>C. forsteri</em> ITS-2 rDNA compared to SBT that were negative. <em>C. forsteri</em> specific antibody levels remained elevated throughout the study duration and were significantly higher at week 30 and week 40 PT than week 17 PT. A significant negative correlation between adult fluke infection intensity and <em>C. forsteri</em> specific IgM was identified at week 25 PT and a significant positive correlation was identified at week 40 for <em>C. forsteri</em> ITS-2 rDNA infection intensity and <em>C. forsteri</em> specific IgM. A positive correlation was identified between <em>C. forsteri</em> specific IgM and <em>C. forsteri</em> ITS-2 rDNA infection intensity from 4 to 5 weeks earlier. <em>Cardicola</em> spp. infection intensity peaked at 25 weeks PT before significantly decreasing for the remainder of the study despite 100 % infection prevalence of <em>C. forsteri</em> ITS-2 rDNA from SBT gills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF182 regulates the induction of innate immune response against GCRV by mediating the ubiquitination of RIG-I in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)","authors":"Yusheng Lin ,&nbsp;Haohao Feng ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shuai Liu ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Hu ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Hong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innate immunity is the first line of antiviral or antimicrobial defence for the host. A cytoplasmic viral RNA sensor, which is known as retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I), makes a vital impact on the production of type I interferons (IFN) and eliminating RNA virus. This study indicated that E3 ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein 182 (RNF182) inhibited the antiviral activity of type I IFN in grass carp reovirus (GCRV)-infected cells by directly interplaying with RIG-I. The CiE3RNF182 cDNA encode a polypeptide of 158 amino acids. Cellular distribution analysis results suggested that cytoplasm was the main site of CiE3RNF182 location. Real-time quantitative PCR showed universal expression of CiE3RNF182 in all investigated tissues, with extremely high expression in liver. During virus infection, the CiE3RNF182 associates with the CiRIG-I and then induces the Lys-33-linked ubiquitin to the Lys33 residues of CiRIG-I to trigger its degradation, causing the inhibition of CiRIG-I downstream signalling. Furthermore, we obtained CRISPR/Cas9-mediated generation of E3RNF182-null rare minnows, finding that E3RNF182 deletion facilitates the survival ratio of GCRV-infected rare minnows. Additionally, the E3RNF182^−/− rare minnows exhibited significantly lower relative copy number of GCRV compared to the wild-type group. In summary, our findings demonstrate the function of E3 ligase in controlling the anti-GCRV innate immunity through RIG-I in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 110244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}