小龙虾IMD对WSSV感染反应迅速，激活的IMD- relish - amps通路抑制病毒复制。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110868

Zhaoqian Zhang , Hao Ji , Binyan Wang , Xiaohong Wu , Qian Ren , Xutong Li , Zhiqiang Xu , Tianheng Gao , Xin Huang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

免疫缺陷（IMD）信号通路是无脊椎动物先天免疫的关键途径之一，它能有效地对抗革兰氏阴性细菌感染。在昆虫中，IMD通路参与防御某些病毒感染。然而，在甲壳类动物中，IMD通路在抗病毒免疫中的功能作用尚未完全确定。本研究在克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）中鉴定了一种新的IMD基因PcIMD。PcIMD mRNA在血细胞、肠和鳃中大量表达。在白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）刺激后，PcIMD的转录水平在血细胞和肠道中显示出增加。敲低PcIMD导致vp28表达上调，病毒拷贝数增加。此外，PcIMD基因的敲低降低了WSSV感染期间动物的存活率。重组IMD蛋白（rPcIMD）和WSSV混合物的注射降低了vp28的表达，减少了病毒拷贝数。此外，干扰或过表达PcIMD分别抑制和促进WSSV刺激后PcRelish的转录水平和抗菌肽（AMPs）的表达。PcRelish基因沉默后，AMPs的表达水平在WSSV攻击下显著下调。在WSSV感染过程中，PcRelish被敲低，PcIMD过表达后，AMPs的上调得以恢复。此外，PcRelish的敲除促进了vp28的表达和WSSV的复制。综上所述，上述结果表明，WSSV刺激激活了小龙虾的IMD，其激活促进了佐料核易位，进而诱导AMPs的表达，抑制病毒复制。我们的研究为系统阐明甲壳类动物中IMD通路的抗病毒作用及其对WSSV刺激的反应提供了有价值的补充。

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Crayfish IMD responds rapidly to WSSV infection and the activated IMD–Relish–AMPs pathway inhibits viral replication

One of the key innate immune pathways in invertebrates is the immune deficiency (IMD) signaling pathway, which effectively combats Gram-negative bacterial infections. In insects, the IMD pathway is involved in the defense against certain viral infections. However, the functional role of the IMD pathway in antiviral immunity remains incompletely characterized in crustaceans. Through this research, a novel IMD gene named PcIMD was characterized in Procambarus clarkii. PcIMD mRNA was abundantly expressed in hemocytes, intestine, and gills. Following stimulation with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), transcriptional levels of PcIMD exhibited an increase in hemocytes and the intestine. Knockdown of PcIMD resulted in an upregulation of vp28 expression and increase in viral copy number. Moreover, knockdown of PcIMD reduced the animal survival during WSSV infection. The injection of a recombinant IMD protein (rPcIMD) and WSSV mixture downregulated vp28 expression and reduced the viral copy number. Furthermore, interference or overexpression of PcIMD respectively inhibited and promoted the transcript level of PcRelish and expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) after WSSV stimulation. The expressions levels of AMPs were significantly downregulated after silencing of the PcRelish gene when challenged with WSSV. The up-regulation of AMPs were restored after knockdown of PcRelish and overexpression of PcIMD during WSSV infection. In addition, knockdown of PcRelish promoted vp28 expression and WSSV replication. In summary, the aforementioned results demonstrated that WSSV stimulation activated the IMD in crayfish, and its activation promoted Relish nuclear translocation, which further induced the expression of AMPs and inhibited virus replication. Our study is a valuable addition to the systematic elucidation of the response of the antiviral effects of the IMD pathway and its response to WSSV stimulation in crustaceans.

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来源期刊

Fish & shellfish immunology 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

19.10%

发文量

750

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.