Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Nuciferine supplement improved intestinal function and inflammatory response in juvenile large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) fed diets with high palm oil level","authors":"Zengqi Zhao,&nbsp;Xiuwen Li,&nbsp;Yeru Xu,&nbsp;Zixian Wu,&nbsp;Shunlang Wen,&nbsp;Baolin Li,&nbsp;Yongtao Liu,&nbsp;Yueru Li,&nbsp;Kangsen Mai,&nbsp;Qinghui Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of high dietary palm oil (PO) as a fish oil (FO) substitute in aquafeeds is known to induce intestinal damage and inflammatory responses in fish, yet effective mitigation strategies remain scarce. Although nuciferine (NF) has been demonstrated to enhance intestinal function and attenuate inflammation in mammals, its effects on the intestinal health in fish remain poorly understood. In this study, large yellow croakers were fed diets containing FO, PO or PO supplemented with 0.01 % NF, 0.05 % NF or 0.25 % NF. After 10 weeks, the <em>in vivo</em> results revealed that dietary PO diet reduced the intestinal villus heights and muscle thicknesses, but 0.05 % NF addition improved the intestinal villus heights and muscular thicknesses. Moreover, NF addition improved the PO diet-induced reduction of the mRNA expressions of mechanical barrier-related genes and the activities of mucosal barrier-related enzymes in the intestines of croakers. Furthermore, the <em>in vivo</em> results also showed that dietary PO diet promoted the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory genes and the protein levels of mature IL-1β. However, 0.05 % NF addition inhibited the intestinal inflammatory response induced by the PO diet. Consistent with <em>in vivo</em> findings, NF treatment <em>in vitro</em> effectively attenuated palmitic acid (PA)-induced reduction of the intestinal barrier-related genes and induction of the proinflammatory gene expressions in croaker intestinal cells. In addition, the <em>in vitro</em> results also showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of NF was dependent on the inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway. Thus, our results suggest that NF has the potential to counteract PO-induced intestinal injury in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection and safety of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and chimeric antigen containing predicted epitopes from bacteria murC gene in Aeromonas hydrophila fish infection","authors":"Jojo Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Maria Roméria da Silva ,&nbsp;Camila Aparecida Martins ,&nbsp;Laura Alves Zuanon ,&nbsp;Karina Ventura Boechat Martins ,&nbsp;Pedro Segantini Tótola ,&nbsp;Jheneze Guimarães Pereira Rocha ,&nbsp;Mariana Grôppo Parma ,&nbsp;Isabel Samila Lima Castro ,&nbsp;Tarciza Fernandes Nascimento ,&nbsp;Allan Rodrigues Pires ,&nbsp;Filipe Silveira Azevedo ,&nbsp;Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Sheiliza Carmali ,&nbsp;Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon ,&nbsp;Tiago Antônio de Oliveira Mendes","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture is a food production system based on fish, amphibians, crustaceans, molluscs, plant and algae production that promotes significant positive impacts on the world economy and human nutrition. <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, a gram-negative zoonotic bacterium associated with outbreaks in aquaculture, threatens fish production, resulting in fish disease and mortality. The aim of this work was to evaluate zebrafish protection against <em>A. hydrophila</em> infection using an immunoinformatically predicted recombinant antigen based on a cytoplasmic enzyme involved in cell wall biosynthesis, as well as to assess the toxic impacts of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. The chimeric recombinant antigen was constructed based on the <em>murC</em> gene product and subjected to B and T cell prediction before being expressed in a bacterial system. The zebrafish protection assay was evaluated after administration of an LD₅₀ dose of <em>A. hydrophila</em>. Organs were harvested for histopathological analysis and qRT-PCR. The results showed an acute toxic profile of <em>A. hydrophila in vivo</em> with high mortality within 24 h. An antigenic profile from the chimeric antigen was registered with no toxic damage to fish and a targeted immune response in the spleen based on up-regulation of IL10, IFN1, MHCII and IL6, although 0.5 % aluminum hydroxide showed a toxic profile resulting in fish mortality, tissue damage and acute inflammation. In conclusion, new targets from the <em>mur</em> family and other cytoplasmic enzymes should be explored to establish their immunogenic profile against aquaculture pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, novel adjuvants for aquatic vaccines should be developed as sustainable alternatives with no toxicity profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110543"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of autoinducer-2 mediated quorum sensing on gonadal colonization and reproductive toxicity caused by Aeromonas veronii in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)","authors":"Wenfang Niu ,&nbsp;Yuyang Duan ,&nbsp;Wenqing Yang ,&nbsp;Chao Gao ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Qin ,&nbsp;Yuqi Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aeromonas veronii</em> is one of the most common major pathogens in aquaculture, which can infect aquatic animals and cause significant economic losses. Quorum sensing (QS) of <em>A. veronii</em> promotes its intestinal colonization through regulating the production of virulence factors, but little is known about the effects of QS systems on the gonadal colonization of <em>A. veronii</em>. In this study, transcriptomic analysis of intestinal tissues in loaches after infection with <em>A. veronii</em> revealed the enrichment of reproductive-related genes between the wild strain <em>A. veronii</em> Z12 and the QS deficient mutant strain Z12Δ<em>luxS</em> treatment groups. The results indicated that <em>A. veronii</em> might colonize the gonads of loaches and cause damage through an autoinducer-2 (AI-2) mediated-QS mechanism. Through quantitative analysis of intestinal permeability and tight junction protein-related genes, it was found that <em>A. veronii</em> could break through the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, fluorescence signal detection revealed that <em>A. veronii</em> entered and colonized the gonads through the bloodstream. Analysis of gonadal tissue sections showed that <em>A. veronii</em> infection caused tissue lesions and induced apoptosis, resulting in damage to the gonads. The estradiol-testosterone (E₂/T) ratio was disturbed, as indicated by the detection of sex hormone levels, which further demonstrating the damage caused by <em>A. veronii</em> infection on the reproductive ability of loaches. This study provides new insights into the promotional impact of the AI-2 mediated QS system on the toxic effects of <em>A. veronii</em> to the reproductive capacity of loach, which is crucial for the healthy cultivation of aquatic organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium activated oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway promote apoptosis in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) brain","authors":"Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Lu ,&nbsp;Zheng-yao Guo ,&nbsp;Yue-hong Li ,&nbsp;Wen-fa Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main heavy metal water pollutants that seriously endangers fish health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Cd on oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress) and apoptosis in the common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> L.) brain. A total of 360 carp (9.93 ± 0.52 g) were exposed to 0, 1, 2, 4 mg/L Cd for 56 days, and oxidative stress ER-stress and apoptosis related indicators detected by RT-qPCR, Western blot, TUNEL, and immunofluorescence. Cd affected MDA<em>,</em> SOD, CAT and GSH-PX levels in serum, the mRNA expression of <em>CAT</em>, <em>SOD</em>, <em>Keap1</em>, <em>Nrf2</em>, <em>Bcl-2</em>, <em>Bax</em>, <em>Caspase3</em>, <em>Caspase9</em>, <em>grp78</em>, <em>ATF4</em> and <em>ATF6</em> in brain tissue, and protein expression levels of Bax<em>,</em> Bcl-2<em>,</em> grp78 and ATF6 in brain tissue, indicating that Cd could induce oxidative stress, activate ER-stress and promote apoptosis. To further explore the relationship between Cd-induced apoptosis and ER-stress, ER-stress inhibitors (TUDCA) and agonists (TM) were added under Cd exposure to detect ER-stress (ATF6 and grp78) and apoptosis related indicators (Bax and Bcl-2 ). ER-stress inhibition alleviated Cd-induced apoptosis, while ER-stress activation promoted Cd-induced apoptosis. Basically, Cd induced oxidative stress, and activated ER-stress promoted brain tissue apoptosis, which provides valuable information and a fresh perspective for further research into Cd-induced brain injury in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant- and microalgae-made fish vaccines","authors":"Carlos Angulo ,&nbsp;Martha Reyes-Becerril ,&nbsp;Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández ,&nbsp;Abel Ramos-Vega ,&nbsp;Edgar Trujillo ,&nbsp;Miriam Angulo ,&nbsp;Alejandra Cisneros-Geraldo ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food sectors, fencing disease problems for sustainable production. The need for “aquatic” vaccines has been inevitable. Plants and microalgae have been developed for decades as affordable vaccine production and oral delivery platforms for terrestrial animals and human beings. Recent advances in these systems have focused on producing vaccines for aquaculture with promising outcomes. This review discusses both technologies, describing a workflow with strategies and engineering tools available for efficient vaccine production, providing basic fish immunology considerations for vaccination, and examining the developed plant- and microalgae-made vaccines for fish. Obstacles are identified, and proposed strategies are provided to overcome them, along with prospects for industrial adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of immersion vaccination in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) using a cationic lipid-based mucoadhesive nanovaccine against Edwardsiella ictaluri","authors":"Sirikorn Kitiyodom ,&nbsp;Manoj Tukaram Kamble ,&nbsp;Jakarwan Yostawonkul ,&nbsp;Pimwarang Sukkarun ,&nbsp;Kim D. Thompson ,&nbsp;Nopadon Pirarat","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The striped catfish (<em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em>), a commercially important aquaculture species, is severely impacted by Bacillary Necrosis of Pangasianodon (BNP), caused by <em>Edwardsiella ictaluri</em>, with mortality rates reaching up to 100 %. Vaccination presents a sustainable alternative to antibiotics, promoting disease control and aquaculture sustainability. This study aimed to develop a mucoadhesive chitosan-coated nanoemulsion (CS-NE) vaccine, characterize its physicochemical properties, and evaluate its efficacy against <em>E. ictaluri</em>. Healthy fish were immersed in either the control (unvaccinated), formalin-killed sonicated cells (FK-SC), or CS-NE for 30 min. Specific IgM levels in serum and mucus were measured up to 21 days post-vaccination (dpv), and inflammatory gene expression was assessed at 1 and 7 dpv. At 30 and 45 dpv, fish were challenged with <em>E. ictaluri</em>, and survival was monitored for 15 days post-challenge. The CS-NE vaccine exhibited nano-sized particles (261 nm), a positive surface charge (+32.9 mV), and a polydispersity index (PDI) &lt; 0.3, demonstrating stability at 25 °C for 90 days. It showed enhanced gill fluorescence intensity post-immersion, significant skin penetration (80 μm at 1 min, 100 μm at 5 min), and higher relative percent survival (RPS) at 30 and 45 dpv compared to FK-SC. Additionally, CS-NE vaccination significantly elevated serum and mucus IgM levels and upregulated <em>a2MHC</em> and <em>IL-1</em> gene expression in the gill, head kidney, and spleen, indicating enhanced immune activation. In conclusion, the CS-NE vaccine demonstrated strong potential as a cationic nanovaccine, offering effective mucosal immunization and disease prevention in striped catfish aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-4/13A1 promotes the proliferation of IgT+ B cells while enhancing their apoptosis in tilapia","authors":"Yating Zhu ,&nbsp;Haokai Chen ,&nbsp;Yuying Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiansong Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming Geng ,&nbsp;Zhichao Fang ,&nbsp;Kang Li ,&nbsp;Jialong Yang ,&nbsp;Xiumei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-4/13 (IL-4/13) is a kind of bony fish cytokine, which is the homolog of Th2 cytokines IL-4 or IL-13 in mammals. Produced by activated T cells, these Th2 cytokines regulate B cell proliferation, survival, and antibody responses. Although IL-4/13 has been shown to participate in immune responses in bony fish, whether and how it regulates the teleost-specific IgT⁺ B cell subset, a lineage unique to bony fish remains unclear. In present study, we identified two conserved IL-4/13 from the Nile tilapia <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> (OnIL-4/13A1 and OnIL-4/13A2), and suggested their wide expression in immunological tissues. OnIL-4/13A1 transcription was markedly upregulated in spleen and liver leukocytes upon bacterial infection, and can be dramatically induced by PHA- or CD3 mAb-induced T cell activation, suggesting activated T cells are a key cellular source of this cytokine. More importantly, we found that 2- or 4-days’ <em>in vivo</em> administration of the recombinant OnIL-4/13A1 (rOnIL-4/13A1) caused an obvious expansion of IgT⁺ but not IgM⁺ B cells in tilapia. Further investigation demonstrated that this expansion was due to cellular proliferation, because the BrdU incorporation in IgT⁺ B cells was obviously increased, while the Erk1/2 and NF-κB phosphorylation that contributing to the proliferation was also enhanced in IgT⁺ B cells. Interestingly, as revealed by the Annexin V staining, we found that rOnIL-4/13A1 treatment elevated the apoptosis of IgT⁺ B cells, probably by initiating the Caspase-8/Caspase-3 pathway. Therefore, our results suggest that IL-4/13A1 involves in the anti-bacterial immune response of tilapia by promoting IgT⁺ B cell proliferation and maintaining IgT⁺ B cell hemostasis, thus shed novel light on the B cells response in bony fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galectin-1 from blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) participates in anti-bacterial immune response through mediating pathogen recognition","authors":"Zuzhen Wang ,&nbsp;Zongqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Bing Liu ,&nbsp;Hongyang Sun ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galectins are involved in immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Here, a prototypic galectin-1 (<em>MaGal-1</em>) from blunt snout bream (<em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>) was identified and characterized. <em>MaGal-1</em> comprises an open reading frame spanning 405 bp and encodes a deduced protein of 134 amino acids, containing one single carbohydrate recognition domain, in which two strictly conserved motifs were detected. <em>MaGal-1</em> transcript was ubiquitously detected in detected tissues with higher expression in muscle, liver and spleen, and its expression was up-regulated in head-kidney liver and spleen after injection with LPS and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. Sublocalization analysis revealed that MaGal-1 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of EPC cells. The rMaGal-1 agglutinated markedly <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>A</em>. <em>hydrophila</em>. Notably, rMaGal-1 bound five different bacteria, which was inhibited by LPS, glucose and trehalose. Besides that, rMaGal-1 could remarkably inhibit the growth of three types of bacteria <em>in vitro</em>. Furthermore, rMaGal-1 destroyed bacterial cell membrane as confirmed by PI staining and SEM observation. Collectively, these findings indicated that <em>MaGal-1</em> recognized and killed a wide range of microbes and played the vital role in innate immune, which sets the stage for further studies of antibacterial functions of galectins in teleost fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BSA-seq and transcriptome analysis identification candidate genes associated with Pseudomonas plecoglossicida resistance in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Ting Ye ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Liang ,&nbsp;Dandan Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Zhan ,&nbsp;Guoer Shao ,&nbsp;Bao Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visceral white-nodule disease (VWND), caused by <em>Pseudomonas plecoglossicida</em>, poses a significant threat to the development of the <em>Larimichthys crocea</em> aquaculture industry. Breeding disease-resistant strains offers a potential solution, but the underlying mechanisms of disease resistance in <em>L. crocea</em> remain unclear, and relevant functional markers are still lack. In the present study, 243 full-sibling F₁ populations of <em>L. crocea</em> were infected with <em>P. plecoglossicida</em>. Whole-genome resequencing, bulk segregant analysis (BSA) mapping, and spleen transcriptome analysis were performed on two extreme phenotype pools, which defined by survival time (AT) and spleen bacterial load (BL) as disease-resistance indicators. Candidate genes were validated through infection experiments. A total of 5,576,771 SNPs were identified, and Δ(SNP-index), Euclidean distances (ED), and G-statistics were applied to locate two stable disease resistance-related QTLs on Chr 02 (2.6 Mb) and Chr 24 (4.9 Mb) with 99 % confidence, containing 278 candidate genes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 4811 genes involved in the immune response, with 949 genes linked to <em>P. plecoglossicida</em> resistance variation in <em>L. crocea</em>. Integrated analysis identified 17 core immune gene, and subsequent validation confirmed that 6 genes (<em>Phf11</em>, <em>CYBB</em>, <em>PTK2B</em>, <em>STAT1</em>, <em>Adamts1</em>, and <em>NRP2</em>) play a consistent role in <em>L. crocea</em> resistance. Our findings highlight the utility of BSA-seq for genetic analysis of disease resistance and provide insights for molecular-assisted breeding in <em>L. crocea</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in vitro study of type I interferon and inflammatory markers induced by dsRNA and dsRNA-phytoglycogen in rainbow trout","authors":"Kristof Jenik ,&nbsp;Tania Rodríguez-Ramos ,&nbsp;Adebisi Sanyaolu ,&nbsp;Brian Dixon ,&nbsp;Stephanie DeWitte-Orr","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the induction patterns for rainbow trout type I interferon and inflammatory markers is essential for the development of new antipathogenic therapeutics and vaccines as well as enhancing aquaculture productivity and biosecurity. Type I interferons (ex<em>. ifn1</em>) and interferon stimulated genes (ex. <em>vig-3</em>) as well as inflammatory markers such as interferon gamma (<em>ifn</em>-γ) and interleukin 1beta (<em>il-1β</em>) all play a crucial role in protecting rainbow trout against pathogen infection. One strategy to better understand how fish defend themselves is by studying the effects of synthetic viral dsRNA analogues such as polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly IC) on the fish innate immune response. The current work utilizes a phytoglycogen-based nanoparticle (Nanodendrix; NDx) to enhance the immunostimulatory effects of poly IC in three rainbow trout cell lines derived from monocyte/macrophages (RTS11), gonads (RTG-2) and gill (RTgill-W1). Variations in innate immune responses were observed between cell lines, between poly IC and poly IC + NDx treatment groups and between transcript, protein and antiviral response levels of study. The poly IC + NDx complex demonstrated prolonged immune stimulation up to 96h post-treatment and exhibited significant inhibition of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) replication. These findings highlight the potential of poly IC + NDx complexes as a novel antiviral therapeutic approach for future <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}