Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative immunomodulatory effects of chronic exposure to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on the respiratory burst response in zebrafish and fathead minnow larvae","authors":"Nicole Kooij ,&nbsp;Allie Fowle ,&nbsp;Samantha Lyons,&nbsp;Alder M. Yu,&nbsp;Tisha C. King-Heiden","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides has resulted in their ubiquitous presence within aquatic ecosystems. Designed as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, they are generally classified as neurotoxicants. Neonicotinoids have been linked to suppression of the immune response in terrestrial species, but the potential for these pesticides to modulate the innate immune response in larval fish is not understood. In this study, the potential for chronic exposure to two neonicotinoid pesticides to disrupt the innate immune response was compared in two species of larval fish. Zebrafish and fathead minnows were exposed to 0, 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, or 200 μg/L of imidacloprid (IM) or thiamethoxam (TM) beginning just after fertilization through the free-swimming larval stages (5 days for zebrafish and 8 days for fathead minnow). The <em>in vivo</em> respiratory burst response was used to evaluate the impact of exposure to these pesticides on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils as part of the innate immune response. While imidacloprid suppressed ROS production in both species, fathead minnow larvae appear more sensitive. Thiamethoxam also suppressed ROS production in fathead minnow larvae, but a non-monotonic response was observed in zebrafish. These species-specific modulatory effects appear independent of activation of the nAChR. This study highlights that neonicotinoid pesticides can impact non-target vertebrates by modulating the immune response as found for other species, and that further studies are needed to identify the risks that they pose to the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and potential for species-specific sensitivities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Atlantic salmon skin infested with salmon lice, elevated seawater temperatures change gene expression and mucus glycosylation, which promotes pathogen binding","authors":"Kristina A. Thomsson ,&nbsp;Lene Sveen ,&nbsp;John Benktander ,&nbsp;Binyam S. Dagnachew ,&nbsp;Macarena P. Quintana-Hayashi ,&nbsp;Lill-Heidi Johansen ,&nbsp;Mette W. Breiland ,&nbsp;Celeste Jacq ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Ytteborg ,&nbsp;Sara K. Linden","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skin barrier function is paramount for fish health and is likely affected by the predicted increases in seawater temperature. Salmonid skin produces a mucus layer mainly composed of mucins. Mucin glycans regulate interactions with pathogens, including binding to host cells, quorum sensing and regulation of virulence genes. In this work, the objective was to elucidate the Atlantic salmon (<em>Salmo salar</em>) skin mucosal responses to temperature in the presence of salmon lice (<em>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</em>) to mimic salmon louse pressure at sea. A simultaneous louse and temperature challenge trial was performed, at low (5 °C), medium (10 °C), and high (17 °C) temperatures, using a protocol resulting in lice at the same development stage and density in all groups. Temperature affected skin morphology, with a thinner outer epidermal layer with fewer mucous cells at 17 °C than at 5 °C. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry demonstrated that the skin mucin <em>O</em>-glycome changed with temperature: the most pronounced glycan changes were a decrease of the disaccharide Sialyl-Tn and an increase of the tetrasaccharide NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-3[NeuAcα2-6]GalNAcol and sulfated glycans at 17 °C. Principal component analysis of gene expression data clustered samples according to temperature treatments, and changes in expression of homologues of human sialyl-, core 1-, Gal, and GalNAc transferase genes were proposed to be linked to the glycan changes observed by mass spectrometry. Finally, <em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em> had a higher ability to bind mucins from fish kept at 17 °C than at 5 °C, demonstrating effects of temperature related glycosylation changes on host-pathogen interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytogenic diet enhances the growth and disease resistance of the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, by stabilizing intestinal homeostasis and boosting innate immunity.","authors":"Yazhou Hu, Yixin Liang, Le Han, Denghui Hu, Ming Li, Zhaobin Zhou, Yi Hu, Xiaoqing Wang, Yulong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amphibian aquaculture has rapidly expanded due to the increasing global demand for animal proteins. Among cultured species, black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) has gained attention because of its high economic and market value. However, frequent disease outbreaks under intensive farming conditions considerably hinder its sustainable growth. Recently, plant-derived functional additives have emerged as promising alternatives to enhance disease resistance in aquaculture due to their immunostimulatory, antioxidative, and gut microbiota-modulating activities. This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of a herbal supplement (HS) containing 0.32% ginsenosides and 20% ginseng polysaccharides on P. nigromaculatus growth performance and disease resistance over a 60-day feeding trial. Compared to the controls, frogs fed HS-supplemented diets showed significantly higher specific growth and weight gain rates (P < 0.05). Serum antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly elevated in the HS groups (P < 0.05). Intestinal barrier-related gene (zona occludens 1 and 2 and claudin 3 and 5) levels were upregulated, and antimicrobial peptide gene OL-CATH1 levels were significantly increased, whereas pro-inflammatory cytokine gene (interleukin-10 and -12) levels were markedly downregulated (P < 0.05), suggesting enhanced innate immunity without systemic inflammation. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed a notable increase in beneficial gut bacteria abundance and reduction in pathogenic species abundance in HS-treated frogs, indicating a favourable shift in intestinal microbiota composition. In the pathogen challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila, HS-fed frogs exhibited significantly higher survival rates than the controls (P < 0.05). Validation trial revealed that Lactococcus lactis dietary supplementation improved the frog growth performance and gut microbial stability. Overall, HS enhanced the growth performance and disease resistance by modulating the gut microbiota, boosting the antioxidant capacity, and promoting the innate immune responses of P. nigromaculatus. Our findings suggest 0.04% HS as a safe, eco-friendly, and sustainable functional additive for amphibian aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microencapsulated antimicrobial peptides on the growth, immunity, infection resistance, gut microbiota, and gene transcriptome in Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) larvae","authors":"Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Liao ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Hailong Huang ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhou ,&nbsp;Deishui Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Ma ,&nbsp;Hui Ge ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jilin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathogenic infections are a major cause of high mortality rates in bivalve hatcheries. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), recognized for their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and low potential to induce antibiotic resistance, have attracted increasing attention. In this study, two AMPs derived from crab and scallop were heterologously expressed in <em>Pichia pastoris</em>. The AMPs were then encapsulated in microcapsules for the first time and systematically assessed for their effects on growth, immunity, infection resistance, gut microbiota composition, and transcriptomic profiles in <em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em> larvae. The results showed that the two AMPs displayed distinct bands at ∼15 kDa and exhibited strong in vitro antibacterial activity against three <em>Vibrio</em> strains. Relative to the 0 mg/g control group, clams fed AMPs at 0.07 and 0.1 mg/g significantly improved performance outcomes. Specifically, at 0.07 mg/g, AMPs significantly increased survival rates by 23 %–31 %, resulting in greater total biomass. By contrast, the 0.1 mg/g dose led to a 32 % increase in individual wet weight. When challenged with <em>Vibrio crassostreae</em>, both doses (0.07–0.1 mg/g) improved survival by 30 %–70 % compared to the control. Additionally, compared to the unencapsulated form, microencapsulated AMPs at 0.1 mg/g increased total biomass by 47 %, individual wet weight by 29 %, and survival under <em>V. crassostreae</em> challenge by 40 %. Physiologically, clams fed 0.1 mg/g AMPs showed higher antioxidant and immune enzyme activities and lower malondialdehyde levels than the 0 mg/g control. Further microbiota analysis showed that AMPs at 0.1 mg/g, compared to the 0 mg/g control, enriched beneficial taxa such as <em>Bacilli</em> (class) and <em>Solibacillus</em> (genus), while suppressing pathogenic genera <em>Vibrio</em> and <em>Tenacibaculum</em>. In parallel, transcriptomic analysis revealed that AMPs downregulated genes involved in inflammation, cellular stress, and metabolic regulation, relative to the control. These findings support the application of microencapsulated AMPs as functional additives in bivalve hatchery management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CgBrachyury regulates haemocyte proliferation as a target gene of CgWnt signal in oyster Crassostrea gigas.","authors":"Jixiang Niu, Xue Qiao, Zhuo Yu, Xinyu Zhao, Jie Li, Yuqing Zeng, Yiqing Wang, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transcription factor Brachyury plays a key role in mesoderm development and notochord formation in most animals. In the present study, a homologue of Brachyury with a conserved Brachyury domain was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. During the embryogenesis of oyster, CgBrachyury showed high mRNA expression level from the morula to the D-shaped larval stage, with highest level in gastrula stage. In situ hybridization assay yielded consistent results, in which CgBrachyury featured high expression in the blastopore region of gastrula. In adult oysters, CgBrachyury exhibited high expression level in haemocytes, especially in semi-granulocytes. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that CgBrachyury was localized in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of haemocytes. Moreover, the CgBrachyury transcripts in haemocytes were significantly increased at 6 h and 12 h after Vibrio splendidus stimulation. After the expression of CgBrachyury was inhibited by RNAi, the percentage of EDU⁺ haemocytes, the mRNA expression level of haematopoietic transcription factor CgSCL and CgRunx were significantly decreased after V. splendidus stimulation, while the expression level of cell cycle regulatory protein CgCDC6 and CgCDK2 was significantly increased after V. splendidus stimulation. There were two Wnt signal sites (TCF/LEF) identified in CgBrachyury promoter. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that CgWnt was able to activate the CgBrachyury promoter in HEK293T cell, and the knockdown of CgWnt by RNAi down-regulated the mRNA expression of CgBrachyury in haemocytes after V. splendidus stimulation. These results collectively indicated that CgBrachyury involved in embryogenesis and haemocyte proliferation as the target gene of CgWnt signal in the oyster.</p>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-physiological responses of hemocytes to NH4Cl stress in Litopenaeus vannamei: cell death, proliferation and inflammation","authors":"Yaobing Li,&nbsp;Xin Yu,&nbsp;Ruixue Tong,&nbsp;Qilong Liao,&nbsp;Renzhi Liu,&nbsp;Zhengxu Chen,&nbsp;Luqing Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia-N pollution has become a worldwide concern in aquatic environments, posing threats to organisms via the effects of immunotoxicity and inflammation induction. In our study, the mechanisms of the adverse effect of ammonia-N on immune-physiological responses were investigated. <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> was exposed to multi-gradient NH₄Cl (0, 5, 10, 20 mg/L) for 0, 1, 3, 6, and 10 d. Under NH₄Cl stress, hemolymph ammonia was elevated, and plasma neuroendocrine factors acetylcholine and norepinephrine increased at 1–3 d and 6–10 d, respectively, inducing the upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial stress-related genes, and causing increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Moreover, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cuprotosis-related biomarkers were enhanced in hemocytes under NH₄Cl stress. The expression of proliferation, differentiation, and migration-related genes in hemopoietic tissues was inhibited by ACh and NE during 6–10 d, leading to a decline in the total hemocyte count. The antibacterial activity and bacteriolytic activity were inhibited by PLC/NF-κB-relish pathway and TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB-relish pathway under NH₄Cl stress, while the aseptic inflammatory response was activated by ASK1/JNK/AP-1-c-Jun pathway and TLR9/NF-κB-dorsal pathway. Overall, prolonged exposure to NH₄Cl led to the intensification of hemocyte death, suppression of hematopoietic functions, and induction of inflammation in crustaceans. Our study enriched the knowledge of the immune physiological homeostasis of invertebrates under the global nitrogen pollution crisis in the aquatic environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of humoral immunity and maternal antibody transfer in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock following immunization with a bivalent vaccine","authors":"Andrea N. Pardo ,&nbsp;Ha Thanh Dong ,&nbsp;Krishna R. Salin ,&nbsp;Saengchan Senapin","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aeromonas veronii</em> and <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> are significant bacterial pathogens threatening Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) aquaculture globally. Coinfections with these pathogens are prevalent in aquaculture environments, underscoring the need for the application of a bivalent vaccine. This study investigated the humoral immune response kinetics of Nile tilapia broodstock post vaccination, examined maternal antibody (immunoglobulin M-IgM) transfer to their offspring and assessed the vaccine's protective efficacy through a passive immunization and pathogen challenges. Broodstock were immunized with an optimized bivalent vaccine, followed by two booster injections, and serum IgM levels were monitored using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that the vaccinated fish elicited specific IgM against both pathogens, with higher levels of anti-<em>A. veronii</em> antibodies compared to anti-<em>S. agalactiae</em> antibodies following primary and booster doses. The detection of specific IgM in fertilized eggs indicated the transfer of maternal immunity. However, the decline of these antibodies to undetectable levels in fry following yolk sac absorption indicated a transient persistence of the transferred antibodies. In the passive immunization study, fish administered sera from vaccinated broodstock demonstrated relative percent survival (RPS) of 35.7 % and 83.3 % against <em>A. veronii</em> and <em>S. agalactiae</em>, respectively. These results implied the substantial contribution of humoral immunity in defense against both pathogens. In conclusion, the findings of this study provided valuable insights into the humoral immune response in tilapia broodstock and confirmed maternal immunity transfer following bivalent vaccination. Broodstock vaccination may therefore serve as a promising biosecurity strategy to prevent infection in broodstock and enhance fry immunity, warranting further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of the septin gene family in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and their expression profiles in response to Vibrio anguillarum and Aeromonas salmonicida infections","authors":"Mengqun Liu,&nbsp;Qiusheng Wang,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhao,&nbsp;Xin Qi,&nbsp;Haishen Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Septins are cytoskeletal GTP-binding proteins that play critical roles in host defense against bacterial infections. Rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>), a commercially valuable and widely farmed salmonid species, has not been systematically investigated with regard to its <em>septin</em> gene family. In this study, we identified 34 <em>septin</em> genes in rainbow trout and categorized them into four subgroups based on phylogenetic relationships. Syntenic, structural, and motif analyses revealed their conserved features, with strong domain and sequence homology observed across species. Tissue- and gene-specific expression patterns were evaluated in healthy individuals. Moreover, expression profiling following bacterial challenge with <em>Vibrio anguillarum</em> and <em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em> revealed significant transcriptional changes in <em>septin</em> genes, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of innate immune responses. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of the <em>septin</em> gene family in rainbow trout and highlights their complex and essential roles in host immunity, offering valuable insights into their immunoregulatory functions in teleosts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous cell lines from kidney and spleen of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, with capacity for antiviral immune response","authors":"Xiaoling Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongli Li ,&nbsp;Yanting Chen ,&nbsp;Pin Nie ,&nbsp;Bei Huang ,&nbsp;Wenshu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, two stable cell lines were established from the kidney (AJK) and spleen (AJSP) tissues of Japanese eel (<em>Anguilla japonica</em>) using the tissue explant method, with the aim of supporting immunological research in this species. Following isolation, AJK and AJSP cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supplemented with 20 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 28 °C, with passaging every 3–4 days. After the fifth passage, the cells were maintained in DMEM/F-12 containing 15 % FBS for passage culture. Ribosomal RNA gene sequencing confirmed the origin of both cell lines as <em>A. japonica</em>. Karyotype analysis revealed that the AJK and AJSP cell lines each possessed 38 chromosomes, including 10 metacentric, 10 submetacentric, and 18 acrocentric chromosomes. To assess the suitability of these cell lines for gene function studies, we introduced a GFP-LC3 expression plasmid into AJK and AJSP cells using various transfection reagents. Flow cytometry analysis showed maximum transfection efficiencies of 21.43 ± 0.33 % in AJK and 9.30 ± 0.21 % in AJSP cells. Furthermore, co-transfection of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) AjIRF1 with interferon (IFN) promoter constructs (AjIFNa or AjIFNc1) led to increased promoter activity in both cell lines, demonstrating their potential for functional gene analysis. In addition, both cell lines supported infection and efficient replication of Anguilla herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1), and exhibited immune responses following viral challenge, indicating their applicability in studies of viral infection and host antiviral immune responses. Collectively, the AJK and AJSP cell lines established in this study provide a valuable cell model for further investigation into the immune responses against pathogenic infections in eels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shrimp plasma calcyphosine enhances hemocyte immune responses by promoting glycolysis","authors":"Weiyong Dong ,&nbsp;Yuqin Liang ,&nbsp;Wenyong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yongli He ,&nbsp;Xiuli Chen ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcyphosine, a highly conserved calcium-binding protein found in metazoans, has been recognized as a cell cycle regulator associated with poor cancer prognosis. However, its extracellular functions remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated its role as a plasma protein in the marine invertebrate <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>. This protein was primarily expressed in nerve and intestine, and its expression could be induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and accumulated on the surface of specific hemocytes. Differential transcriptomic analysis revealed its regulatory roles in glycolysis- and immunity-related pathways. Further assays indicated that recombinant calcyphosine could induce key glycolytic enzymes, including <em>PCK2</em>, <em>Hex-t2</em>, and <em>TPI</em> isoforms, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase lactate production at 8 h post-injection (hpi). Additionally, recombinant calcyphosine treatment stimulated immune effectors such as <em>ALF</em>, <em>PEN2</em>, <em>Crustin1</em>, and <em>PPAF2</em>, enhanced phagocytosis and increased hemocyte phagocytic rate and Caspase 3/7 activity at 8 hpi. These data suggest that calcyphosine likely functions as a general regulator of metabolism and immune responses in metazoan body fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 110541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}