Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Tri-use of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine in daily life among young adults: A day-level comparison of substance use outcomes to dual-use and alcohol-only use occasions.","authors":"Ashley N Linden-Carmichael, Jennifer L Shipley, Anna L Sherman, Amy L Stamates","doi":"10.1037/pha0000854","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use are common among young adults with many \"co-using\" substances on the same day. Most co-use research has focused on alcohol and cannabis co-use, but many alcohol + cannabis use days involve nicotine. Nicotine is rarely considered, and such \"tri-use\" (same-day alcohol + cannabis + nicotine use) may increase one's risk for heavy use and harms. The current daily diary study compared substance use outcomes across tri-use, dual use, and alcohol-only use days. Participants were 99 young adult college students (<i>M</i>_age = 20.28, <i>SD</i> = 1.29) who reported weekly alcohol + cannabis co-use and reported on substance use behavior each day across four consecutive weekends. Multilevel models examined the role of type of use day: tri-use (alcohol + cannabis + nicotine) and dual use (alcohol + nicotine or alcohol + cannabis) compared to alcohol-only use days on the outcomes of number of drinks consumed, odds of heavy episodic drinking (HED; 4-7/5-9 drinks in one day for females/males), odds of high-intensity drinking (HID; 8+/10+ drinks), and odds of experiencing negative substance-related consequences. Participants reported more alcohol and greater odds of HID on tri-use days than alcohol-only days. Participants had higher odds of HID on tri-use days than alcohol + cannabis days. Participants reported more drinks on alcohol + nicotine days than alcohol-only days. Consequences did not differ by type of use day. Findings support that young adults engage in heavier alcohol use on days when nicotine was co-used relative to days with alcohol + cannabis or alcohol-only use. Future studies should continue to consider the role of nicotine use when exploring risks of alcohol and cannabis co-use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"546-552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13134458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying significant environmental predictors of change in delay discounting among adolescents in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.","authors":"Geoffrey Kahn, Nadia Bounoua, Justin C Strickland, I-Tzu Hung, Brion Maher, Jill A Rabinowitz, Julia W Felton","doi":"10.1037/pha0000851","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delay discounting (a preference for smaller immediate rewards vs. larger delayed rewards; DD) is a transdiagnostic risk factor for health outcomes including substance use disorders, obesity, and others. Studies have identified numerous individual-level factors associated with DD in adolescents, however, research into how family, neighborhood, and larger environmental factors may impact DD have been limited by either examining very few environmental factors and/or using cross-sectional measures on DD. Identifying demographic and environmental predictors of both static levels of DD during adolescence and change in DD over time may expand our understanding of the etiology of DD and inform intervention targets. Using longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (<i>N</i> = 7,858), we trained lasso models to perform variable selection on 325 factors hypothesized to be associated with development of DD. We separately evaluated predictors of baseline DD when children were 10-11 years of age and change in DD between baseline and 2-year follow-up. The lasso identified 33 predictors that explained 7% of the variance in baseline DD. Baseline DD explained 40% of the variance in change in DD and 52 predictors explained an additional 4%. These results were comparable to other studies that have taken a machine-learning approach the evaluating individual-level predictors in the ABCD. Although no single variable demonstrated large explanatory power, the overall set of environmental factors together appears to be as important as individual factors in the development of DD and underscores that DD likely develops as the result of many interacting factors with small individual effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"553-563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13488959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis cues, motives, and attention enhancement: A cannabis priming pilot study.","authors":"Danielle S Lowden, Frances Pearce, Charlie Drinkwater, Seth C Harty","doi":"10.1037/pha0000859","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis use is prevalent worldwide, and despite frequent use being linked to cognitive impairment, some individuals who use cannabis report perceived cognitive improvement. This pilot study evaluated a multisensory cannabis-cue priming procedure designed to induce craving in people who use cannabis. Additionally, this study examined the degree to which cue-induced craving and expectations of attentional enhancement were associated with changes in cognitive performance. Fifty-one adults (58.8% female; <i>n</i> = 26 who currently use cannabis, <i>n</i> = 25 who do not use cannabis) participated in a two-condition counterbalanced cannabis-priming study at a university campus in New Zealand. Stimuli included visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile items. Cannabis craving was assessed using a visual analogue scale across six time points, and selective attention and inhibitory control were measured via a digital flanker task. Cannabis beliefs and potential misuse were measured using the Cannabis Attention and Affect Motives Scale and the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised. Mixed model analyses showed significant increases in craving for those who currently use cannabis following cannabis priming relative to baseline and neutral primes, with effects persisting after task completion. No craving changes were found for those who do not use cannabis. While overall cognitive performance did not differ by priming condition, people who currently use cannabis who identified stronger attention enhancement motives demonstrated faster task performance (lower interference scores) following cannabis primes. These preliminary findings support the efficacy of this priming paradigm in inducing craving among individuals who currently use cannabis and demonstrate the potential influence of cannabis-related beliefs on cognitive performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"461-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral differences in value-based decision making between people with cocaine use disorder and controls.","authors":"Joshua A Lile, Preston T Tolbert, Thomas P Shellenberg, William W Stoops, Justin C Strickland, Joshua S Beckmann, Michael J Wesley","doi":"10.1037/pha0000840","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decision making occurs in dynamic contexts in which the individual and reward attributes change, requiring that predicted reward values of options be updated continually and applied to future choices to maximize reward. Value processing relies on corticostriatal dopamine, which is dysregulated in people with cocaine use disorder (pwCocUD), but whether these individuals differ in value-based decision making has only recently been considered. A probabilistic concurrent monetary choice task with reversals, reinforcement learning modeling, and functional magnetic resonance imaging were used to assess value-based decision making in nontreatment-seeking pwCocUD and matched controls (<i>n</i> = 17 [8F and 9M] per group; <i>n</i> = 34 total). Both groups were sensitive to reinforcement probabilities, but pwCocUD made significantly fewer choices for the high probability reward option. Reinforcement learning modeling revealed that pwCocUD had lower β parameter estimates, indicating reduced consistency in using relative option values to make choices. Significant correlations between the application of value (i.e., β parameter) and value-modulated activity during choice deliberation were identified in brain regions previously linked to reinforcement learning and exploiting versus exploring choice options in both groups. A significant group difference in the strength of this relationship was found in medial frontal control regions, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which has been associated with the explore-exploit trade-off, suggesting that the differential engagement of these areas contributed to group differences in choice behavior. This research contributes to our understanding of suboptimal decisions made by pwCocUD in uncertain, low-reward contexts and support targeting networks involved in value-based decision making for neuromodulation intervention development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"597-608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13025760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cigarette puffs per day and changes in cigarettes per day among combustible cigarette smokers with opioid use disorder: A secondary analysis of the Electronic Cigarettes to Address Combustible Cigarette Smoking for People With opioid use disorder (ERASER) study.","authors":"Irene Pericot-Valverde, Deborah Kunkel, Justin Barron, Sarah Voss, Erik G Ortiz, Jessica Sloyan, Amarie N Thompson, Olivia Murphy, Sarah Haskell, Josie Cicchino, Kaileigh A Byrne, Diann E Gaalema, James F Thrasher, Abigail W Batchelder, Moonseong Heo, Shadi Nahvi, Alain H Litwin","doi":"10.1037/pha0000883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electronic cigarettes (ECs) represent a promising harm reduction strategy among people with opioid use disorder who smoke. Prior research has shown that reducing cigarettes per day by at least 50% is associated with reduced morbidity. We tested whether the number of EC puffs per day is associated with achieving a ≥50% reduction in cigarettes per day among adults with opioid use disorder who smoke attempting to switch to ECs. A secondary data analysis of a 4-week trial testing ECs as a harm reduction tool among adults with opioid use disorder who smoke (<i>N</i> = 30). Daily EC puff counts were recorded using the study EC. Participants were categorized as reducers (<i>n</i> = 16) or nonreducers (<i>n</i> = 14) based on achieving a ≥50% reduction in cigarettes per day from baseline to Week 4. Longitudinal patterns of daily EC puff counts over the 4-week study were then compared between the two groups. A spline mixed-effect model (Bayesian information criterion = 1,527; Akaike information criterion = 1,469) identified changes in EC puffing during three phases: early (Days 1-9), middle (Days 10-18), and late (Days 19-28). Reducers showed an increase in EC puffs on early treatment days and maintained the number of EC puffs in the following two phases. Nonreducers showed a stable number of EC puff counts, followed by a decrease in the final treatment phase, <i>b</i> = -0.914; <i>t</i>(456.3) = -1.97. Distinct patterns of EC use were observed among reducers and nonreducers. These findings suggest that switching trials should consider incorporating increases in the daily number of EC puffs as a therapeutic target. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of e-cigarette use as it relates to alcohol demand among young adult college students.","authors":"Sydney R Batchelder, Grant L Saba, Ryan P Papero","doi":"10.1037/pha0000860","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young adults most commonly use alcohol (65%), cannabis (27%), and e-cigarettes (14%; Schulenberg et al., 2021). Considering e-cigarettes have only recently gained popularity in this population, the use patterns and effects of use on young adults requires further research. Alcohol is still the most commonly used substance among high schoolers and young adults (Schulenberg et al., 2021). Studies have found that young adult college students who binge drink are more dependent on e-cigarettes (Yang et al., 2022), indicating that alcohol and e-cigarette use may impact each other. The present study evaluates the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol as a function of e-cigarette use. One hundred sixty-seven young adult college students completed measures of their alcohol dependence, e-cigarette dependence, anxiety, and depression and completed an alcohol purchase task to evaluate their demand for alcohol. Across three categories of e-cigarette use, we found that intensity, maximum expenditure, and essential value for alcohol were significantly higher among daily e-cigarette users than individuals who have never used an e-cigarette. This study replicates findings from the traditional cigarette literature demonstrating that alcohol demand is greater among smokers than nonsmokers (Amlung et al., 2017; Yurasek et al., 2013). Implications for these findings related to cross-cue reactivity among individuals trying to quit alcohol or e-cigarettes are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"489-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acculturative stress and internalizing problems among Latinos who drink hazardously: The roles of distress tolerance and emotion dysregulation.","authors":"Emily L Mallin, Karina Silva, Dania Y Amarneh, Mallory R Cotton, Jessica Hernandez Ortiz, Erika S Trent, Michael J Zvolensky, Andres G Viana","doi":"10.1037/pha0000856","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although acculturative stress contributes significantly to internalizing problems among Latinos who drink hazardously, the individual difference variables that strengthen or weaken this relationship have remained elusive. To address this gap, we examined two cognitive-affective factors, namely, distress tolerance and emotion dysregulation, as candidate moderators. We expected that acculturative stress would be positively associated with internalizing problems (operationalized as anxious arousal, traumatic intrusions, and social anxiety) at lower levels of distress tolerance and/or higher levels of emotion dysregulation. A sample of Latinos who drink hazardously (<i>N</i> = 99) completed measures of acculturative stress, distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation, and internalizing symptoms. There was a significant Acculturative Stress × Distress Tolerance interaction explaining 5.02% and 4.19% of the variance in anxious arousal and traumatic intrusions, respectively. Acculturative stress was significantly positively associated with anxious arousal and traumatic intrusions only at lower levels of distress tolerance. There was also a significant Acculturative Stress × Emotion Dysregulation interaction explaining 7.46% of the variance in anxious arousal. Acculturative stress was significantly positively associated with anxious arousal only at higher levels of emotion dysregulation. Acculturative stress was associated with anxious arousal and traumatic intrusions among Latinos who drink hazardously with lower distress tolerance and/or higher emotion dysregulation. Enhancing distress tolerance and lowering emotion dysregulation may protect Latino individuals who engage in hazardous drinking and experience acculturative stress against internalizing problems, and these processes may serve as targets in future intervention programming. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"519-531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147812828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of N-acetylcysteine in a sequential oxycodone and cocaine rat self-administration model.","authors":"Christa Corley, Kathleen R McNealy, Ashley M White, Haley McManus, Shailesh N Khatri, William W Stoops, Cassandra D Gipson","doi":"10.1037/pha0000855","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polysubstance use, particularly opioid-stimulant co-use, is a public health concern associated with higher overdose risk and poor treatment outcomes. Preclinical evidence suggests that oxycodone withdrawal increases cocaine consumption and disrupts nucleus accumbens glutamate homeostasis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a cysteine prodrug that restores glutamate homeostasis, has shown preclinical promise in reducing drug seeking in single substance seeking models. However, no studies have evaluated the efficacy of NAC in reducing behavioral outcomes, including self-administration, following opioid-stimulant polysubstance use. Here, we evaluated NAC as a pharmacotherapeutic for oxycodone-cocaine sequential use using our previously established rat intravenous self-administration model, which utilized an A-B-A-B design. We previously found that rats increase cocaine consumption during oxycodone withdrawal. Thus, here, we tested if NAC could reduce this effect and reduce oxycodone self-administration. Male and female rats first underwent oxycodone or food self-administration acquisition, followed by cocaine self-administration in Phase 2. Rats were subsequently treated with NAC (100 mg/kg) or vehicle during Phase 3, where the reinforcer switched back to the one presented in Phase 1. In Phase 4, we assessed cocaine self-administration and somatic signs during an oxycodone-free period. NAC treatment did not alter oxycodone or cocaine consumption, response discrimination, or somatic signs during drug onboard and drug-free periods. Cocaine consumption was inversely associated with somatic signs at early but not more protracted timepoints independent of NAC treatment. While NAC did not attenuate cocaine or oxycodone intake-related behaviors in our sequential use model, these results underscore the need for expanded polysubstance use pharmacotherapeutic and model development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"582-596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 12-week study on the effects of betahistine (an H₃ antagonist/H₁ agonist) on cognitive functions in schizophrenia patients treated with olanzapine.","authors":"Hongyu Wang, Yongqian Wang, Weihao Huang, Wenshuang Yang, Qi Zhang, Wenxuan Zhao, Yajun Yun, Ning Fan, Jiaqi Song, Xuteng Wang, Zhiren Wang, Fude Yang","doi":"10.1037/pha0000858","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence on betahistine for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is limited. This study evaluated its feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy to lay the groundwork for future randomized controlled trials. Thirty-one inpatients with schizophrenia, aged 18-60 years, undergoing treatment with olanzapine received betahistine (16 mg, three times daily) for 12 weeks. Cognitive function, clinical symptoms, and side effects were assessed at baseline and again at 12 weeks postintervention. After 12 weeks of betahistine treatment, patients with schizophrenia showed a significant increase in the total Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery score (<i>p</i> < .01). Increases were observed across multiple cognitive domains, including speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal and visual learning, and reasoning and problem solving. Reductions in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores were also observed, particularly for negative symptoms and total score (<i>p</i> < .05). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between age and cognitive scores (β = -0.37, <i>p</i> < .05). No adverse effects were reported. In this 12-week, single-arm study, adjunctive betahistine treatment was associated with observed improvements in cognitive performance and reductions in clinical symptom scores during the treatment period in patients with schizophrenia receiving olanzapine. Furthermore, advancing age is a key factor contributing to cognitive decline in the studied population. Betahistine was well-tolerated. This study explores betahistine as an adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, with potential implications for improving cognitive outcomes and informing future treatment strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"609-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among alcohol sensitivity, acquired tolerance, and drinking outcomes in late adolescence.","authors":"Jesus Chavarria, Jeffrey D Wardell, Ryan P Vetreno, Christian S Hendershot","doi":"10.1037/pha0000881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol tolerance is a core diagnostic feature of alcohol use disorder, yet little research has investigated its role in risky drinking during late adolescence. Low sensitivity to alcohol sedation is also linked to alcohol use disorder risk, but few studies have examined how acquired tolerance and alcohol sensitivity concurrently relate to heavy drinking. This study examined the concurrent and prospective associations of acquired tolerance and alcohol sensitivity with heavy drinking among late adolescent heavy drinkers (<i>N</i> = 308, ages 18-21, 52.6% female). At baseline, participants completed self-report measures of acquired tolerance, early and current alcohol sensitivity, and alcohol-consumption outcomes. Analyses tested for differences in alcohol tolerance and sensitivity by family history (FH) of alcohol use disorder and path analyses examined associations and indirect effects from a positive FH and age at first/regular drinking to alcohol sensitivity, acquired tolerance, and heavy drinking. Positive FH and early regular drinking were associated with greater acquired tolerance, lower sensitivity to alcohol sedation, and greater heavy drinking. In supplemental prospective analyses involving a subset of partcipants who completed a 1-year follow-up, acquired tolerance predicted 1-year follow-up heavy drinking, whereas alcohol sensitivity did not. Concurrent indirect effects from positive FH and early regular drinking to heavy drinking episodes, through acquired tolerance and low sedation sensitivity, were found; however, prospective indirect effects were only found through acquired tolerance. Findings suggest that acquired tolerance may represent a key mechanism linking a positive FH and early regular drinking to heavy drinking in late adolescence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}