Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Looking beyond traditional pain outcomes to better evaluate cannabis's true potential and limitations in chronic pain management.","authors":"Chung Jung Mun, Johannes Thrul, David H Epstein","doi":"10.1037/pha0000795","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis is increasingly used for managing chronic pain, despite the low quality and inconsistency of most evidence from randomized controlled trials and the divergent expert opinions and guidelines issued by academic societies. In this perspective piece, we suggest a way forward. The clinical trials have focused on traditional chronic pain outcomes (such as pain severity and interference, as well as physical and emotional functioning). However, qualitative studies suggest that many individuals perceive cannabis as beneficial not because it directly reduces pain but because it alters their psychological responses to it and improves other important outcomes, such as role and social functioning, sleep quality, and opioid substitution, which are largely overlooked in clinical trials of cannabis for chronic pain. We contend that the true clinical potential and limitations of cannabis for pain management may be fundamentally misunderstood if research continues to prioritize conventional chronic pain outcomes alone. We call for the integration of perspectives from people with lived experience in identifying meaningful clinical outcomes for future clinical trials on cannabis and chronic pain. Such a shift would clarify cannabis's true benefits and limitations, ultimately guiding more nuanced, evidence-based, and personalized treatment approaches for chronic pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"425-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is bedtime use of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) a sleep aid or disruptor? Examining its daily effects and individual differences.","authors":"Chung Jung Mun, Patricia Timmons, Leigh V Panlilio, Christopher D Verrico, Ynhi T Thomas, C Austin Zamarripa, David H Epstein, Kirsten E Smith","doi":"10.1037/pha0000794","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kratom (<i>Mitragyna speciosa</i>) is a psychoactive botanical native to Southeast Asia increasingly used in the United States for various self-reported benefits, including sleep improvement. However, empirical evidence concerning kratom's effects on sleep is limited. Here, we examined the association between bedtime kratom use and self-reported sleep outcomes in naturalistic settings across consecutive days, while also exploring sex and chronic pain status as potential moderators. A secondary analysis was conducted using the data from a 15-day ecological momentary assessment study of 357 U.S. adults who reported regularly using kratom. Participants made daily reports of their bedtime kratom use and rated their sleep duration and quality. Linear mixed-effects models assessed associations between bedtime kratom use and sleep outcomes, with sex and chronic pain status as moderators, controlling for age. Bedtime kratom use occurred on 23.4% of days and was associated with modest increases in sleep duration (13 min) and perceived quality (5.93-point increase on a 0-100 scale). Female respondents reported greater improvements in sleep quality (but not duration) than male respondents. Participants with chronic pain reported greater improvements in sleep duration and quality compared to those without chronic pain. Bedtime kratom use is associated with modest sleep duration and quality improvements, particularly in adults with chronic pain, and better sleep quality in female respondents. These findings among experienced kratom consumers suggest the need for human laboratory studies in kratom-naïve participants to determine causality and underlying mechanisms, which could help inform clinical guidance and policy as kratom use continues to rise. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"513-522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of latent class analyses of adult polysubstance use patterns.","authors":"Robert LeComte, Neha Skandan, Martin Hochheimer, Emma Pattillo, Jacob White, Andrew Huhn, Jennifer Ellis","doi":"10.1037/pha0000791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite awareness of polysubstance use-the co-use of multiple drugs-and its associated risks, there is a lack of research consensus on how to identify and classify individuals engaging in polysubstance use. Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent profile analysis (LPA) are data-driven approaches that may improve the identification and classification of polysubstance use. By clustering data using different indicators, LCA/LPA can extract subgroups of common drug use patterns within a sample. Variability in how LCA/LPA are conducted, however, can substantially impact how subgroups are extracted and have not been thoroughly reviewed. The present review was one of a two-part series preregistered on PROSPERO entitled, \"A systematic review of studies using latent class analysis to examine patterns of polysubstance use in adults (Part 1) and adolescents (Part 2)\" (CRD42022352293). The present review sourced relevant studies using LCA/LPA in the context of characterizing adult polysubstance use and identified factors influencing the number of latent classes extracted. Across several articles using LCA/LPA (<i>n</i> = 136), the current review found differences, for example, in the number of extracted classes based on study sample sizes (ρ = .275, <i>p</i> < .001) and the number of indicators used (<i>r</i> = .244, <i>p</i> = .004). The present review noted substantial heterogeneity in study methodologies, statistical analyses, and latent class solutions. For future research, the review suggests some methodological considerations including attention to sample sizes, study locations, and the number of indicators included in LCA/LPAs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Point-Scoring Reaction-Time Task: Evidence for reliability of sensitivity to reward (but not punishment) and links with alcohol involvement.","authors":"Hector I Lopez-Vergara, William Rozum, Jodi M Sutherland Charvis, Milagros Grados, Chrystal Vergara-Lopez","doi":"10.1037/pha0000804","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Point-Scoring Reaction-Time Task (PSRTT) is designed to measure sensitivity to reward and punishment; the task has empirically demonstrated associations with substance use and related variables. However, like most performance-based paradigms, applications of the PSRTT have not usually applied falsifiable tests of reliability of measurement in the samples used to make inferences. Participants were (n = 150) 18- to 20-year-olds, recruited via social media advertisements and required to report drinking on average on 2+ occasions per month. We apply psychometric tests of reliability of measurement (e.g., confirmatory factor analysis) to the PSRTT and evaluate links with alcohol consumption (past 6-month average frequency, quantity, and maximum drinking) and problem alcohol use via the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire. The task yields an internally consistent sensitivity to reward factor. However, there was no evidence for reliable measurement of sensitivity to punishment. Sensitivity to reward was associated with frequency of drinking (β = .24, <i>p</i> < .01) and quantity of drinking (β = .21, <i>p</i> < .05), but not maximum number of drinks consumed (β = .09, <i>p</i> > .05). Sensitivity to reward was significantly associated with alcohol-related problems (β = .21, <i>p</i> < .05). Integrating modern measurement theories with performance-based methodologies has the potential to improve the precision of science by providing falsifiable estimates of the quality of measurement. The PSRTT provides reliable scores to index individual differences in reward sensitivity but may not be a reliable measure of punishment sensitivity. Sensitivity to reward may be involved in the etiology of alcohol use and problem use during young adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of very low nicotine content cigarettes and concurrent provision of e-cigarettes on symptoms of depression and anxiety.","authors":"Katya A Nolder, Diann E Gaalema, Brian R Katz, Jennifer W Tidey, Stacey C Sigmon, Sarah H Heil, Dustin C Lee, Michael DeSarno, Elias M Klemperer, Katherine E Menson, Patricia A Cioe, Shirley Plucinski, Rhiannon C Wiley, Stephen T Higgins","doi":"10.1037/pha0000803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A national nicotine-reduction policy could reduce cigarette smoking in the United States. The present study evaluated effects of cigarettes varying in nicotine content and provision of e-cigarettes on affective symptoms in populations with vulnerabilities to smoking. The overarching aim was to examine whether a nicotine-reduction policy could have unintended negative consequences, including exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms. This is a secondary analysis of three parallel 16-week randomized clinical trials examining four experimental conditions: normal nicotine content cigarettes, very-low-nicotine-content (VLNC) cigarettes, VLNC cigarettes plus e-cigarettes restricted to tobacco flavor (VLNC + TF), or VLNC cigarettes plus e-cigarettes in preferred flavors (VLNC + PF). Participants were adults who smoked daily from three vulnerable populations: socioeconomically disadvantaged reproductive-aged women (<i>n</i> = 80) and individuals with opioid use disorder (<i>n</i> = 74) or affective disorders (<i>n</i> = 172). Beck Depression Inventory and Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale scores were assessed weekly. There was a significant effect of experimental condition on Beck Depression Inventory, <i>F</i>(3, 315) = 4.26, <i>p</i> = .006, and Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale, <i>F</i>(3, 315) = 4.26, <i>p</i> = .006, scores, with scores in the VLNC only (least square means and standard error of the means: 12.68 [± 0.53] and 5.58 [± 0.27]), but not VLNC + TF or VLNC + PF conditions exceeding those in the normal nicotine content condition (least square means standard error of the means: 10.66 [± 0.53], <i>p</i> = .006 and 4.69 [± 0.27], <i>p</i> = .004). There was also a significant main effect of time, Beck Depression Inventory: <i>F</i>(15, 4050) = 3.74, <i>p</i> < .001; Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale: <i>F</i>(15, 4050) = 2.24, <i>p</i> = .004, with scores decreasing over the experimental period across experimental conditions. In conclusion, providing VLNC cigarettes in combination with e-cigarettes appeared to ameliorate modest increases in affective symptoms observed when VLNC cigarettes were provided alone. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the substitutability of little cigars/cigarillos, e-cigarettes, and other noncombusted tobacco products for cigarettes using the experimental tobacco marketplace.","authors":"Marc Jerome P Feinstein, Tyler G Erath, Eric A Thrailkill, Michael J DeSarno, Norman Medina, Roberta Freitas-Lemos, Stephen T Higgins, Elias M Klemperer","doi":"10.1037/pha0000797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has proposed a nicotine-limiting standard, which would increase the unit price of nicotine in cigarettes and could cause people who smoke and are unable/unwilling to quit nicotine to switch to other products. This study examined the substitutability of little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs), e-cigarettes, and other nicotine products for cigarettes using the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace. Participants (<i>N</i> = 145) recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk completed hypothetical purchases for 7 days' worth of nicotine/tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace. Purchases required participants to allocate their usual weekly expenditure across products at five escalating cigarette prices while alternative product prices remained fixed. Purchases were made in three marketplaces: (a) with a range of products, including e-cigarettes and LCCs, (b) without e-cigarettes, and (c) without LCCs. Participants were 45.7 (mean; <i>SD</i> = 10.3) years old and primarily female (70.3%) and White (82.1%) and smoked 17.6 (mean; SD = 8.9) cigarettes/day. Cigarette purchasing decreased as price increased (<i>p</i> < .001). When all products were available, the most appealing substitutes were e-cigarettes, followed by nicotine replacement therapy, LCCs, and chew (<i>p</i> < .05). Findings were similar for products other than e-cigarettes and LCCs in marketplaces without e-cigarettes and LCCs, respectively. Findings demonstrate the potential for noncombusted and combusted products to substitute for cigarettes, with experimental evidence that LCCs substitute for cigarettes, although less effectively than other products. Results underscore the importance of regulation that limits the potential for LCC substitution for cigarettes and maintains noncombusted alternatives in the marketplace to promote harm reduction among those unable to quit nicotine. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of focused ultrasound neuromodulation of the bilateral nucleus accumbens for methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"James J Mahoney, Daisy G Y Thompson-Lake, Manish Ranjan, Jennifer L Marton, Jeffrey S Carpenter, Pierre-François D'Haese, Tasneem Arsiwala, Jacob Suffridge, Daniel L Farmer, Victor S Finomore, Padma Tirumalai, Sally L Hodder, Ali R Rezai","doi":"10.1037/pha0000793","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nearly 2 million people had a diagnosis of methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) in 2023 and overdose deaths involving psychostimulants are increasing. Given that there are no currently approved U.S. Food and Drug Administration medications for MUD, novel treatments are needed to complement standard of care behavioral treatments. Neuromodulation using transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) has the capacity to noninvasively and precisely target subcortical structures, such as the nucleus accumbens, a structure integral to the reward neurocircuitry. Previous findings in individuals with opioid use disorder have demonstrated the potential of FUS in reducing substance craving and use; however, to date, no study has examined the effects of FUS for primary MUD. The objective of the current case study was to evaluate the safety and impact of nucleus accumbens FUS on methamphetamine craving (via a cue-induced craving paradigm) and use (via urine toxicology and self-report) in a man in his mid-20s with primary MUD. The participant received a 20-min session of low-intensity FUS (220 kHz) neuromodulation and completed follow-up visits 1-, 7-, 30-, 60-, and 90-days postprocedure. Results demonstrated that the FUS procedure was safe and well-tolerated. Cue induced craving acutely reduced during the procedure with sustained complete suppression throughout the 90-day follow-up (baseline craving rating was nine out of 10 [where 10 represents maximum craving]; craving at follow-up visits were consistently zero out of 10). Methamphetamine negative urine toxicology was observed during all follow-up visits, contrasting his pre-FUS use patterns of multiple episodes of use per week. While promising, larger, sham-controlled, randomized studies are warranted to determine the potential of FUS for MUD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative simulation of financial scarcity: Effects on delay discounting, cigarette craving, and cigarette demand in adults who smoke cigarettes.","authors":"Jeffrey S Stein, Nhu Thieu Makara Le, Alicia J Lozano, Warren K Bickel, Alexandra L Hanlon","doi":"10.1037/pha0000802","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Financial scarcity is associated with greater delay discounting and cigarette smoking. In experimental research, narrative simulation of scarcity increases delay discounting, but the effects of simulated scarcity on smoking behaviors have not yet been examined. In an online survey study, we examined the effects of scarcity narratives on delay discounting, cigarette craving, and behavioral economic demand for cigarettes. Adults who smoke cigarettes were randomized to read brief narratives describing either scarcity (n = 102) or neutral (control; n = 105) income conditions and imagine they were experiencing the conditions described. Participants then completed assessments of delay discounting (adjusting-delay task), cigarette craving (Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief), cigarette demand (purchase task), and affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Short Form). Adjusting for affect, the scarcity group showed higher delay discounting (p < .001) and higher overall craving (p < .001). Moreover, delay discounting partially mediated the observed effect scarcity on craving (p < .001). No statistically significant group differences in cigarette demand were observed (all p values > .05). Exploratory analyses examining the two-factor latent structure of the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges showed that delay discounting partially mediated the effects of narrative group on craving Factor 1 (anticipated positive reinforcement) and fully mediated the effects of group on craving Factor 2 (anticipated relief from negative affect). Together, these findings show that narrative simulation of financial scarcity increases cigarette craving and identifies delay discounting as a mechanism of action in this effect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability and feasibility of a new-generation alcohol biosensor: A mixed methods evaluation in a large community sample.","authors":"Silvia Murgia, Catharine E Fairbairn, Nancy P Barnett, Julianne Flanagan, Nigel Bosch","doi":"10.1037/pha0000799","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wearable alcohol biosensors offer an innovative solution for real-time alcohol monitoring, yet concerns about comfort, privacy, and social acceptability have limited their adoption. This study presents the largest real-world evaluation to date of a new-generation wrist-worn alcohol biosensor. In this study, 150 healthy adults (ages 21-54) wore the BACtrack Skyn sensor continuously for 14 days. Using a mixed methods design, we assessed pre- and poststudy feasibility and acceptability through structured surveys and open-ended responses, applying innovative machine learning techniques, including Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and sentiment analysis, to capture nuanced user experiences at scale. Participants showed high compliance (median wear time: 94.66%), and 77% expressed willingness to extend device use. The device's discreet, smartwatchlike appearance supported high social acceptability, with most users reporting easy integration into daily life even if no significant changes in alcohol consumption were observed. While some discomfort-particularly itching and sleep interference-was reported, overall comfort and usability ratings were favorable. Findings indicate that the new-generation wrist-worn alcohol biosensor is a feasible and well-accepted tool for alcohol monitoring. High compliance and positive user reception highlight its potential for real-world applications. While sensor comfort was generally positively rated, refining the device's fit and materials could enhance wearability over extended periods. These insights contribute to the ongoing development of wearable alcohol biosensors that balance usability, functionality, and user experience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring associations of impulsivity with substance use, polysubstance use, and gambling behaviors through latent profiles.","authors":"Shelby K Whalen, Rory A Pfund, James P Whelan, Bill Brooks, Meredith K Ginley","doi":"10.1037/pha0000801","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pha0000801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impulsivity is the tendency to act hastily in reaction to internal and external cues without consideration of all potential outcomes. Limited research has used a person-centered approach to explore patterns of impulsivity and risky behavior involvement, but not how different dimensions of impulsivity relate to multiple risk behaviors within the same individuals. The present study aimed to identify latent groups based on five self-report impulsivity measures and to assess differences in latent profiles as related to alcohol use and problems, drug use, gambling, and polysubstance use. Participants were 1,608 college students (Mage = 20.52; 67% female) who completed an online survey assessing impulsivity and risky behavior engagement. Latent profile analysis indicated three profiles best represented the data: preference for reward/stimulation (39.2%), low sensitivity to punishment (39.1%), and behavioral activation (21.7%). Significant differences were found among profiles and risky behaviors, with Profile 1 \"preference for reward/stimulation\" exhibiting significantly higher levels of alcohol use and problems, drug use, gambling, and polysubstance use than other profiles. Results suggested that impulsivity, particularly marked by heightened responsiveness to rewards and elevated levels of rash impulsivity, may be associated with increased engagement in several risky behaviors, including polysubstance use and gambling. Findings offered more depth to the conceptualization of impulsivity and provided novel information on polysubstance use and behavioral addictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":12089,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}