Evolution & Development最新文献_第3页

Deciphering the origin of developmental stability: The role of intracellular expression variability in evolutionary conservation 解密发育稳定性的起源：细胞内表达变异在进化保护中的作用

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12473

Yui Uchida, Masato Tsutsumi, Shunsuke Ichii, Naoki Irie, Chikara Furusawa

{"title":"Deciphering the origin of developmental stability: The role of intracellular expression variability in evolutionary conservation","authors":"Yui Uchida, Masato Tsutsumi, Shunsuke Ichii, Naoki Irie, Chikara Furusawa","doi":"10.1111/ede.12473","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12473","url":null,"abstract":"Progress in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) has deepened our understanding of how intrinsic properties of embryogenesis, along with natural selection and population genetics, shape phenotypic diversity. A focal point of recent empirical and theoretical research is the idea that highly developmentally stable phenotypes are more conserved in evolution. Previously, we demonstrated that in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), embryonic stages and genes with high stability, estimated through whole-embryo RNA-seq, are highly conserved in subsequent generations. However, the precise origin of the stability of gene expression levels evaluated at the whole-embryo level remained unclear. Such stability could be attributed to two distinct sources: stable intracellular expression levels or spatially stable expression patterns. Here we demonstrate that stability observed in whole-embryo RNA-seq can be attributed to stability at the cellular level (low variability in gene expression at the cellular levels). We quantified the intercellular variations in expression levels and spatial gene expression patterns for seven key genes involved in patterning dorsoventral and rostrocaudal regions during early development in medaka. We evaluated intracellular variability by counting transcripts and found its significant correlation with variation observed in whole-embryo RNA-seq data. Conversely, variation in spatial gene expression patterns, assessed through intraindividual left–right asymmetry, showed no correlation. Given the previously reported correlation between stability and conservation of expression levels throughout embryogenesis, our findings suggest a potential general trend: the stability or instability of developmental systems—and the consequent evolutionary diversity—may be primarily anchored in intrinsic fundamental elements such as the variability of intracellular states.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolutionary origin of the nervous system from Ctenophora prospective 栉水母神经系统的进化起源。

IF 2.6 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12472

Maria Y. Sachkova

引用次数: 0

Feeding-structure morphogenesis in “rhabditid” and diplogastrid nematodes is not controlled by a conserved genetic module 横纹线虫和双脊线虫的摄食结构形态发生不受一个保守遗传模块的控制。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12471

Tobias Theska, Ralf J. Sommer

{"title":"Feeding-structure morphogenesis in “rhabditid” and diplogastrid nematodes is not controlled by a conserved genetic module","authors":"Tobias Theska, Ralf J. Sommer","doi":"10.1111/ede.12471","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12471","url":null,"abstract":"Disentangling the evolution of the molecular processes and genetic networks that facilitate the emergence of morphological novelties is one of the main objectives in evolutionary developmental biology. Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of a gene regulatory network controlling the development of novel tooth-like feeding structures in diplogastrid nematodes. Focusing on NHR-1 and NHR-40, the two transcription factors that regulate the morphogenesis of these feeding structures in Pristionchus pacificus, we sought to determine whether they have a similar function in Caenorhabditis elegans, an outgroup species to the Diplogastridae which has typical “rhabditid” flaps instead of teeth. Contrary to our initial expectations, we found that they do not have a similar function. While both receptors are co-expressed in the tissues that produce the feeding structures in the two nematodes, genetic inactivation of either receptor had no impact on feeding-structure morphogenesis in C. elegans. Transcriptomic experiments revealed that NHR-1 and NHR-40 have highly species-specific regulatory targets. These results suggest two possible evolutionary scenarios: either the genetic module responsible for feeding-structure morphogenesis in Diplogastridae already existed in the last common ancestor of C. elegans and P. pacificus, and subsequently disintegrated in the former as NHR-1 and NHR-40 acquired new targets, or it evolved in conjunction with teeth in Diplogastridae. These findings indicate that feeding-structure morphogenesis is regulated by different genetic programs in P. pacificus and C. elegans, hinting at developmental systems drift during the flap-to-tooth transformation. Further research in other “rhabditid” species is needed to fully reconstruct the developmental genetic changes which facilitated the evolution of novel feeding structures in Diplogastridae.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ede.12471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139734838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution of cnidarian stinging cells supports a Precambrian radiation of animal predators 刺胞的进化支持了前寒武纪动物捕食者的辐射。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12469

Noémie C. Sierra, David A. Gold

{"title":"The evolution of cnidarian stinging cells supports a Precambrian radiation of animal predators","authors":"Noémie C. Sierra, David A. Gold","doi":"10.1111/ede.12469","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12469","url":null,"abstract":"Cnidarians—the phylum including sea anemones, corals, jellyfish, and hydroids—are one of the oldest groups of predatory animals. Nearly all cnidarians are carnivores that use stinging cells called cnidocytes to ensnare and/or envenom their prey. However, there is considerable diversity in cnidocyte form and function. Tracing the evolutionary history of cnidocytes may therefore provide a proxy for early animal feeding strategies. In this study, we generated a time-calibrated molecular clock of cnidarians and performed ancestral state reconstruction on 12 cnidocyte types to test the hypothesis that the original cnidocyte was involved in prey capture. We conclude that the first cnidarians had only the simplest and least specialized cnidocyte type (the isorhiza) which was just as likely to be used for adhesion and/or defense as the capture of prey. A rapid diversification of specialized cnidocytes occurred through the Ediacaran (~654–574 million years ago), with major subgroups developing unique sets of cnidocytes to match their distinct feeding styles. These results are robust to changes in the molecular clock model, and are consistent with growing evidence for an Ediacaran diversification of animals. Our work also provides insight into the evolution of this complex cell type, suggesting that convergence of forms is rare, with the mastigophore being an interesting counterexample.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A plurality of morphological characters need not equate with phylogenetic accuracy: A rare genomic change refutes the placement of Solifugae and Pseudoscorpiones in Haplocnemata 形态特征的多样性并不一定等同于系统发育的准确性：一个罕见的基因组变化驳斥了将 Solifugae 和 Pseudoscorpiones 归入 Haplocnemata 的观点

IF 2.6 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12467

Guilherme Gainett, Benjamin C. Klementz, Emily V. W. Setton, Catalina Simian, Hernán A. Iuri, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Alfredo V. Peretti, Prashant P. Sharma

{"title":"A plurality of morphological characters need not equate with phylogenetic accuracy: A rare genomic change refutes the placement of Solifugae and Pseudoscorpiones in Haplocnemata","authors":"Guilherme Gainett, Benjamin C. Klementz, Emily V. W. Setton, Catalina Simian, Hernán A. Iuri, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Alfredo V. Peretti, Prashant P. Sharma","doi":"10.1111/ede.12467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12467","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in higher-level invertebrate phylogeny have leveraged shared features of genomic architecture to resolve contentious nodes across the tree of life. Yet, the interordinal relationships within Chelicerata have remained recalcitrant given competing topologies in recent molecular analyses. As such, relationships between topologically unstable orders remain supported primarily by morphological cladistic analyses. Solifugae, one such unstable chelicerate order, has long been thought to be the sister group of Pseudoscorpiones, forming the clade Haplocnemata, on the basis of eight putative morphological synapomorphies. The discovery, however, of a shared whole genome duplication placing Pseudoscorpiones in Arachnopulmonata provides the opportunity for a simple litmus test evaluating the validity of Haplocnemata. Here, we present the first developmental transcriptome of a solifuge (Titanopuga salinarum) and survey copy numbers of the homeobox genes for evidence of systemic duplication. We find that over 70% of the identified homeobox genes in T. salinarum are retained in a single copy, while representatives of the arachnopulmonates retain orthologs of those genes as two or more copies. Our results refute the placement of Solifugae in Haplocnemata. Subsequent reevaluation of putative interordinal morphological synapomorphies among chelicerates reveals a high incidence of homoplasy, reversals, and inaccurate coding within Haplocnemata and other small clades, as well as Arachnida more broadly, suggesting existing morphological character matrices are insufficient to resolve chelicerate phylogeny.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ede.12467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A description of the bat star nervous system throughout larval ontogeny 蝙蝠星神经系统在整个幼虫发育过程中的描述

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12468

Veronica Pagowski

{"title":"A description of the bat star nervous system throughout larval ontogeny","authors":"Veronica Pagowski","doi":"10.1111/ede.12468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12468","url":null,"abstract":"Larvae represent a distinct life history stage in which animal morphology and behavior contrast strongly to adult organisms. This life history stage is a ubiquitous aspect of animal life cycles, particularly in the marine environment. In many species, the structure and function of the nervous system differ significantly between metamorphosed juveniles and larvae. However, the distribution and diversity of neural cell types in larval nervous systems remains incompletely known. Here, the expression of neurotransmitter and neuropeptide synthesis and transport genes in the bat star Patiria miniata is examined throughout larval development. This characterization of nervous system structure reveals three main neural regions with distinct but overlapping territories. These regions include a densely innervated anterior region, an enteric neural plexus, and neurons associated with the ciliary band. In the ciliary band, cholinergic cells are pervasive while dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and GABAergic cells show regional differences in their localization patterns. Furthermore, the distribution of some neural subtypes changes throughout larval development, suggesting that changes in nervous system structure align with shifting ecological priorities during different larval stages, before the development of the adult nervous system. While past work has described aspects of P. miniata larval nervous system structure, largely focusing on early developmental timepoints, this work provides a comprehensive description of neural cell type localization throughout the extensive larval period.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138715523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interglenoid tubercle of the atlas is ancestral to lissamphibians 寰椎骨间的小结节是两栖动物的祖先

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12466

Dana E. Korneisel, Sara Hassan, Hillary C. Maddin

{"title":"The interglenoid tubercle of the atlas is ancestral to lissamphibians","authors":"Dana E. Korneisel, Sara Hassan, Hillary C. Maddin","doi":"10.1111/ede.12466","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12466","url":null,"abstract":"Lissamphibians, represented today by frogs, salamanders, and caecilians, diverged deep in the tetrapod tree of life. Extensive morphological adaptations to disparate lifestyles have made linking extant lissamphibians to one another and to their extinct relatives difficult and controversial. However, the discovery of a feature on the atlas of the frog Xenopus laevis, may add to the small set of osteological traits that unite lissamphibians. In this study, we combine our observations of atlas development in X. laevis with a deep examination of atlantal interglenoid tubercle (TI) occurrence in fossil taxa. The TI is shown herein to occur transiently on the ossifying atlas of roughly one-third of X. laevis tadpoles but is absent in adults of this species. In ancestral character state estimations (ACSE), within the evolutionary context of lissamphibians as dissorophoid temnospondyls, this feature is found to be ancestrally shared among lissamphibians, its presence is uncertain in stem batrachians, and then the TI is lost in extant caecilians and frogs. However, our data suggests apparent TI loss around the origin of frogs may be explained by its ontogenetically transient nature. The only nonamphibian tetrapods with a TI are “microsaurs,” and this similarity is interpreted as one of many convergences that resulted from convergent evolutionary processes that occurred in the evolution of “microsaurs” and lissamphibians. The TI is thus interpreted to be ancestral to lissamphibians as it is found to be present in some form throughout each extant lissamphibian clade's history.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ede.12466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138693325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utilizing geometric morphometrics to investigate gene function during organ growth: Insights through the study of beetle horn shape allometry 利用几何形态计量学研究器官生长过程中的基因功能:通过甲虫角形状异速学研究的见解。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12464

Patrick T. Rohner, Yonggang Hu, Armin P. Moczek

{"title":"Utilizing geometric morphometrics to investigate gene function during organ growth: Insights through the study of beetle horn shape allometry","authors":"Patrick T. Rohner, Yonggang Hu, Armin P. Moczek","doi":"10.1111/ede.12464","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12464","url":null,"abstract":"Static allometry is a major component of morphological variation. Much of the literature on the development of allometry investigates how functional perturbations of diverse pathways affect the relationship between trait size and body size. Often, this is done with the explicit objective to identify developmental mechanisms that enable the sensing of organ size and the regulation of relative growth. However, changes in relative trait size can also be brought about by a range of other distinctly different developmental processes, such as changes in patterning or tissue folding, yet standard univariate biometric approaches are usually unable to distinguish among alternative explanations. Here, we utilize geometric morphometrics to investigate the degree to which functional genetic manipulations known to affect the size of dung beetle horns also recapitulate the effect of horn shape allometry. We reasoned that the knockdown phenotypes of pathways governing relative growth should closely resemble shape variation induced by natural allometric variation. In contrast, we predicted that if genes primarily affect alternative developmental processes, knockdown effects should align poorly with shape allometry. We find that the knockdown effects of several genes (e.g., doublesex, Foxo) indeed closely aligned with shape allometry, indicating that their corresponding pathways may indeed function primarily in the regulation of relative trait growth. In contrast, other knockdown effects (e.g., Distal-less, dachs) failed to align with allometry, implicating these pathways in potentially scaling-independent processes. Our findings moderate the interpretation of studies focusing on trait length and highlight the usefulness of multivariate approaches to study allometry and phenotypic plasticity.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ede.12464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138470143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developmental and environmental plasticity in opsin gene expression in Lake Victoria cichlid fish 维多利亚湖慈鲷视蛋白基因表达的发育和环境可塑性。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12465

Lucia Irazábal-González, Daniel S. Wright, Martine E. Maan

{"title":"Developmental and environmental plasticity in opsin gene expression in Lake Victoria cichlid fish","authors":"Lucia Irazábal-González, Daniel S. Wright, Martine E. Maan","doi":"10.1111/ede.12465","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12465","url":null,"abstract":"In many organisms, sensory abilities develop and evolve according to the changing demands of navigating, foraging, and communication across different environments and life stages. Teleost fish inhabit heterogeneous light environments and exhibit a large diversity in visual system properties among species. Cichlids are a classic example of this diversity; visual system variation is generated by different tuning mechanisms that involve both genetic factors and phenotypic plasticity. Here, we document the developmental progression of visual pigment gene expression in Lake Victoria cichlids and test if these patterns are influenced by variation in light conditions. We reared two sister species of Pundamilia to adulthood in two distinct visual conditions that resemble the light environments that they naturally inhabit in Lake Victoria. We also included interspecific first-generation hybrids. We focused on the four opsins that are expressed in Pundamilia adults (using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)) (SWS2B, SWS2A, RH2A, and LWS) at 17 time points. We find that opsin expression profiles progress from shorter-wavelength sensitive opsins to longer-wavelength sensitive opsins with increasing age, in both species and their hybrids. The developmental trajectories of opsin expression also responded plastically to the visual conditions. Developmental and environmental plasticity in opsin expression may provide an important stepping stone in the evolution of cichlid visual system diversity.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ede.12465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138470142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Got milkweed? Genetic assimilation as potential source for the evolution of nonmigratory monarch butterfly wing shape 马利筋?遗传同化作为非迁徙帝王蝶翅形进化的潜在来源。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Evolution & Development Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12463

Kyra J. A. Nixon, Harald F. Parzer

{"title":"Got milkweed? Genetic assimilation as potential source for the evolution of nonmigratory monarch butterfly wing shape","authors":"Kyra J. A. Nixon, Harald F. Parzer","doi":"10.1111/ede.12463","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ede.12463","url":null,"abstract":"Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) are well studied for their annual long-distance migration from as far north as Canada to their overwintering grounds in Central Mexico. At the end of the cold season, monarchs start to repopulate North America through short-distance migration over the course of multiple generations. Interestingly, some populations in various tropical and subtropical islands do not migrate and exhibit heritable differences in wing shape and size, most likely an adaptation to island life. Less is known about forewing differences between long- and short-distance migrants in relation to island populations. Given their different migratory behaviors, we hypothesized that these differences would be reflected in wing morphology. To test this, we analyzed forewing shape and size of three different groups: nonmigratory, lesser migratory (migrate short-distances), and migratory (migrate long-distances) individuals. Significant differences in shape appear in all groups using geometric morphometrics. As variation found between migratory and lesser migrants has been shown to be caused by phenotypic plasticity, and lesser migrants develop intermediate forewing shapes between migratory and nonmigratory individuals, we suggest that genetic assimilation might be an important mechanism to explain the heritable variation found between migratory and nonmigratory populations. Additionally, our research confirms previous studies which show that forewing size is significantly smaller in nonmigratory populations when compared to both migratory phenotypes. Finally, we found sexual dimorphism in forewing shape in all three groups, but for size in nonmigratory populations only. This might have been caused by reduced constraints on forewing size in nonmigratory populations.","PeriodicalId":12083,"journal":{"name":"Evolution & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136396948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0