European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"Treatment stigma mediates relationships between morally injurious events and depression, PTSD and anxiety symptoms.","authors":"Shilat Haim-Nachum, Amit Lazarov, John C Markowitz, Maja Bergman, Yossi Levi-Belz, Ido Lurie, Milton L Wainberg, Shlomo Mendlovich, Yuval Neria, Doron Amsalem","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2471659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2471659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Morally injurious events (MIEs), encompassing personal transgressions, witnessing others commit transgressions, or experiencing betrayal by leaders, can conflict with one's moral/ethical principles, evoking outrage and profound mistrust. Although MIEs are associated with depression, PTSD, and anxiety, the mechanisms linking MIEs to psychiatric symptomatology remain unclear, especially among civilians in times of collective trauma.<b>Objective:</b> This study explored one potential mechanism: stigma toward mental-health treatment, which can deter help-seeking and exacerbate guilt, shame, and mistrust.<b>Method:</b> We focused on civilians (<i>N </i>= 1,052) exposed to MIEs in conflict zones in southern and northern Israel following the 7 October 2023 attack. Participants were recruited using an online platform and assessed for depression, PTSD, and anxiety symptoms. We hypothesised that stigma toward treatment would mediate relationships between MIE exposure levels and depression, PTSD, and anxiety symptoms.<b>Results:</b> Results showed high MIE exposure levels and symptomatology among civilians in conflict zones. Moreover, we found significant indirect effects of stigma toward treatment on all three symptom types.<b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings suggest that while MIEs directly link to symptoms, stigma toward treatment plays a significant role in understanding this link. These findings emphasise the importance of addressing stigma toward treatment for individuals experiencing MIEs and underscore the need for targeted interventions in conflict zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2471659"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the revised Ukrainian version of the Continuous Traumatic Stress Response scale (CTSR) in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war.","authors":"Iryna Frankova, Oksana Senyk, Oleksandr Avramchuk, Iryna Leshchuk, Andrii Rudys, Anton Kurapov, Aviva Goral","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2463186","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2463186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The Continuous Traumatic Stress Response scale (CTSR) was designed to measure symptoms associated with multiple ongoing security threats in the context of Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Since 2014, Ukraine has faced armed invasion and war, with nationwide insecurity since February 2022.<b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to adapt the CTSR scale into Ukrainian and evaluate its psychometric properties within a Ukrainian sample during the ongoing war.<b>Method:</b> The Ukrainian adaptation of the CTSR followed the procedure used in creating the original instrument (Goral, A., Feder-Bubis, P., Lahad, M., Galea, S., O'Rourke, N., & Aharonson-Daniel, L. (2021). Development and validation of the Continuous Traumatic Stress Response scale (CTSR) among adults exposed to ongoing security threats. <i>PLoS One</i>, <i>16</i>(5), e0251724). To identify a unique context-specific factor structure relevant to the Ukrainian experience, the initial 25 items were tested in a sample of 584 Ukrainians using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Subsequently, the established scale structure was assessed for homogeneity, and convergent validity using measures of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), perceived stress (PSS-4), resilience (BRS), and PTSD symptoms (PCL-5).<b>Results:</b> A three-factor, 9-item solution, representing the constructs of exhaustion, alienation, and helplessness, demonstrated the most acceptable fit among all the alternative CTSR models, including the original: χ² = 72.84, df = 24, <i>p</i> < .001, χ²/ (df) = 3.04, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.05, RMSEA = 0.08. Cronbach's α for internal consistency ranged from 0.68 to 0.84 for total score, and subscales. Significant positive correlations ranging from 0.41 to 0.67 with symptom severity of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and PTSD established the convergent validity of the Ukrainian CTSR, indicating that it measures related yet distinctive psychological phenomena of reactions to continuous traumatic stress.<b>Conclusions:</b> The revised Ukrainian version of the CTSR scale is a reliable and valid measure of continuous traumatic stress response, accurately reflecting its manifestation in the Ukrainian context. These findings are crucial for guiding clinical interventions and research in prolonged war environments, where understanding the nuances of ongoing trauma is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2463186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index (PTSD RI-5) in a Turkish Clinical sample of trauma-exposed children.","authors":"Rana Selin Kucukardali, Beyza Nur Karal, Alan M Steinberg, Abdurrahman Cahid Orengul","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2465082","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2465082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Trauma victimization is common among children, however, a significant proportion of trauma victims go unrecognized unless they are thoroughly assessed, even in child psychiatry clinics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Turkish version of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for DSM-5 (PTSD RI-5) in a clinical sample of trauma-exposed children and adolescents.<b>Method:</b> A total of 208 children and adolescents admitted to the child psychiatry clinic, each of whom had a history of at least one traumatic event, were evaluated with the PTSD RI-5 to investigate trauma history and PTSD symptoms. All participants also completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and 64 participants were assessed with a semi-structured diagnostic interview for PTSD and depression.<b>Results:</b> Internal consistency for the total scale was high (Cronbach's α = 0.91) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the four-factor structure of the PTSD RI-5 (CFI =  0.915, TLI = 0.902, RMSEA =0.062). ROC analysis showed strong diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.94).<b>Conclusion:</b> The Turkish version of the PTSD RI-5 may a reliable and valid tool for diagnosing PTSD in clinical samples and may improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes by identifying unrecognized trauma-related symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2465082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder in German youth: representative claims data pre- vs. intra-COVID-19-pandemic.","authors":"Jule Leickert, Stephan Zillmer, Christian J Bachmann, Annika Vivirito, Dirk Enders, Christoph U Correll, Charlotte Jaite","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2512683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2025.2512683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> COVID-19-exposure and related restrictions may have contributed to the development or exacerbation of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), especially in youth. However, data in this population is lacking.<b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to provide a thorough insight into the epidemiology and psychiatric comorbidities of PTSD as well as in- and outpatient treatment utilisation by those affected during vs. before COVID-19 in a representative sample of children and adolescents statutorily insured in Germany.<b>Methods:</b> The study is based on anonymized claims data of statutory insured youth aged 0.0-17.9 years from the InGef research database, which is representative of the German population. Prevalence, incidence, comorbidities of PTSD (ICD-10: F43.1, F43.8, F43.9) and in- and outpatient treatment for those affected were compared pre-COVID (01/2018-03/2020; <i>N</i> = 710.629) vs. intra-COVID (04/2020-12/2021; <i>N</i> = 698.108) using descriptive statistics, <i>χ</i>² tests, Welch-tests and interrupted time series analyses stratified by sex, age (children: 0-13 years; adolescents: 14-17 years), and socio-economic status (SES).<b>Results:</b> PTSD prevalence decreased intra-COVID (girls: 0.8%, <i>n</i> = 2.595 vs. 0.6%, <i>n</i> = 1.965; OR = 0.77 [0.73, 0.82]; boys: 0.6%, <i>n</i> = 2.066 vs. 0.4%, <i>n</i> = 1.547; OR = 0.76 [0.71, 0.81]). Quarterly incidence in female children with high SES showed a significant increase in slope pre-COVID to intra-COVID (<i>p</i> = .018). Externalising comorbidities increased especially in female adolescents (OR = 1.34 [1.05, 1.72]). Psychotherapy utilisation decreased in male children with low SES (OR = 0.63 [0.41, 0.98]) and increased in adolescent girls with low SES (OR = 1.73 [1.09, 2.74]). Hospitalisations among female adolescents only decreased for those with low SES (OR = 0.67 [0.38, 1.19]).<b>Conclusions:</b> We observed similar decreases in clinical PTSD-diagnoses for girls and boys, possibly reflecting overstretched health services, particularly at an early stage of COVID-19. However, treatment utilisation shows sex and SES differences that cannot be fully explained by our data.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2512683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Disorder Severity-ICD-11 Scale and CPTSD ICD-11 Scale: examining possible psychometric properties and diagnostic concept overlap.","authors":"Ohad Gilbar","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2541472","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2541472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The new way of categorising ICD-11 Personality Disorder (PD) moved from categorical PD types to a dimension of PD severity. This change has raised a debate regarding the question of whether the new PDS-ICD-11 possibly overlaps with Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) clusters, specifically the Disturbances in Self-Organization (DSO) cluster. Both disorders, PD and CPTSD, contain self and interpersonal impairment; moreover, as both are trauma-based disorders, it is unclear if different trauma risk factors apply to each.<b>Objective:</b> The current study had two aims: first, to use the new PDS-ICD-11 severity scale (PDS) to assess the psychometric properties of PD in a unique population of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence who suffer from high levels of PD and CPTSD: second, to examine whether exposure to different types of traumatic events and attachment styles would be associated differently with PD and with CPTSD clusters.<b>Method:</b> Participants were 116 males receiving treatment at 18 domestic violence centres. Data were collected using the International Trauma Questionnaire and the PDS-ICD-11 (Hebrew versions).<b>Results:</b> Confirmatory factor analysis supported the factorial validity of PDS-ICD-11, after removing the self-injury symptom. Cumulative childhood trauma and anxiety attachment were associated with PD, PTSD, and DSO, while recent exposure to trauma and avoidance attachment was associated only with DSO.<b>Conclusions:</b> The study supports the psychometric of construct distinction within the new PDS-ICD-11 scale's definitions of PD and CPTSD. Specifically, it supports the distinctions even where there is similar content of DSO and PD dysfunction of the self and interpersonal impairment. The absence of significant differences in risk factors relating to childhood trauma exposure and psychological injuries support the understanding that all diagnoses shared the same aetiological risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2541472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MBSR effects on positive psychological traits and experiential avoidance in head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Zheng Zhang, Qingqin Zhang, Ping Lu, Nurul Izzah Shari, Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar, Mohd Razif Mohamad Yunus, Mohammad Farris Iman Leong Bin Abdullah","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2501822","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2501822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Data on the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) positive psychological traits and experiential avoidance (EA) among cancer patients are lacking.<b>Objective:</b> This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to: (1) compare the efficacy between MBSR and treatment-as-usual (TAU) control groups in increasing posttraumatic growth (PTG), hope, and optimism and reducing EA across time measurements (T₀, T₁, and T₂) among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and (2) evaluate the mediation effects of hope, optimism, and EA on the relationship between MBSR and PTG.<b>Methods:</b> A total of 80 HNC participants were randomized to MBSR (<i>n</i> = 40) and TAU (<i>n</i> = 40) groups with the researchers and data analyst blinded, and the group allocation of the participants was concealed. A one-hour MBSR session was conducted once a week, with 45 minutes of home assignments, for six weeks in the MBSR group. The outcomes across time measurements were compared using a mixed linear model following intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. Mediation effects of hope, optimism, and EA on the relationship between MBSR and PTG were assessed with PROCESS.<b>Results:</b> MBSR significantly increased the degree of optimism from T₀ to T₁ (mean difference = 1.825, 95% CI = 0.907-2.743, SE = 0.381, <i>p</i> < .001) with a medium effect size (<i>d</i> = 0.563) and from T₁ to T₂ (mean difference = 1.650, 95% CI = 0.829-2.470, SE = 0.328, <i>p</i> < .001) with a medium effect size (<i>d</i> = 0.630). Initially, MBSR did not increase the degree of hope from T₀ to T₁ (<i>p</i> = .677), but it significantly increased hope from T₁ to T₂ (mean difference = 2.524, 95% CI = 1.676-3.373, SE = 0.340, <i>p</i> < .001) with a medium effect size (<i>d</i> = 0.735). Conversely, MBSR did not sustain the changes in the degree of PTG and EA beyond T₁. EA partially mediated the relationship between MBSR and PTG, but not hope and optimism.<b>Conclusion:</b> MBSR can be recommended as part of the treatment regimen for HNC patients.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04800419.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2501822"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and food addiction in a large Polish sample: latent profile analysis.","authors":"Monika M Stojek, Marta Łukowska, Maryla Sokołowska, Ari Nowacki, Joanna Zielińska, Roksana Duszkiewicz, Jagoda Różycka, Ross D Crosby","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2508015","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2508015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Food addiction (FA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are each associated with obesity and adverse psychological outcomes. The goal of this study was to generate symptom profiles based on varying levels of FA and PTSD symptoms. We hypothesised four profiles: PTSD + FA; PTSD; FA; healthy.<b>Method</b>: In a general Polish population (<i>N</i> = 2245), scores on PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Lifetime Events Checklist (LEC), and Yale FA Scale (YFAS) were used as indicators in the latent profile analysis. Gender and Negative Urgency (SUPPS-P) were used as predictors of profile membership. Scores on Emotional Eating (DEBQ), AUDIT, Depression (DASS-21), binge eating presence were used as validators.<b>Results:</b> The sample was divided into two subsamples to conduct a robustness check. In both samples (<i>n</i>₁ = 1133; <i>n</i>₂ = 1132), a three-profile solution emerged with high PCL-5, LEC, YFAS (PTSD + FA); high PCL-5 and LEC, low YFAS (PTSD profile); and low PCL-5, LEC, YFAS (healthy). No FA profile emerged. Predictors and validators meaningfully differentiated profiles.<b>Conclusions:</b> Findings indicate that FA is closely related to PTSD symptoms. PTSD + FA profile had the highest BMI, dysregulated eating, and problematic alcohol use, indicating a potential phenotype at risk for obesity. PTSD and dysregulated eating should be assessed in tandem.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2508015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of differential PTSD and depression symptom trajectories in firefighters: a growth mixture analysis.","authors":"Miriam J J Lommen, Marcel Näther, Anita C Keller","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2535898","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2535898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Firefighters are considered to be high-risk professionals due to their frequent exposure to traumatic events. Although most firefighters will demonstrate resilience after trauma exposure, others develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive symptoms. Insight in psychological predictors of these differential trajectories might inform the development of prevention programmes.<b>Objective:</b> To test the predictive validity of risk and protective factors for longitudinal trends of PTSD and depressive symptoms in firefighters using growth mixture modeling.<b>Method:</b> A total of 529 firefighters were followed for 3 years. Risk and protective factors (experiential avoidance, repetitive negative thinking (RNT), meaning in life, resilience and social support) as well as symptoms of PTSD and depression were assessed via self-report at the baseline assessment. PTSD and depressive symptoms were re-assessed over the following 3 years, with intervals of 6-12 months. Mixture growth models assigned individuals to latent classes for PTSD and depression symptoms separately. A 3-step approach was used to predict class membership by the included risk and protective factors.<b>Results:</b> Both for PTSD and depressive symptoms growth models, the 2-class solution showed the best fit. Experiential avoidance predicted both PTSD and depressive class membership, while RNT predicted only depressive class membership.<b>Conclusions:</b> Although the vast majority showed a generally stable low level of symptomatology, increased scores on experiential avoidance and RNT were associated with less favorable trajectories. Targeting these risk factors in prevention programmes might prevent development of posttrauma symptomatology and increase psychological resilience in firefighters and other high-risk professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2535898"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex posttraumatic stress disorder in treatment-seeking refugees: the role of trauma history, post-migration stressors and comorbid symptoms.","authors":"Regina Steil, Hannah Preiss, Mirjam Sophie Rueger, Thomas Ehring, Nexhmedin Morina, Sascha Kuck, Ricarda Mewes, Julia Giesebrecht, Johannes Johow, Cornelia Weise, Michael Wittenberg, Franziska Lechner-Meichsner","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2538264","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2538264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) was recently added to the ICD-11. Refugees might be particularly vulnerable to develop this disorder, due to key risk factors including trauma history, comorbid symptoms, and post-migration stressors. However, most prevalence estimates rely on self-report questionnaires, which are less reliable than clinical interviews. This study aimed to assess PTSD_ICD-11 and cPTSD prevalence in treatment-seeking refugees using clinician ratings, and to examine risk factors influencing diagnostic status and symptom severity.<b>Method</b>: <i>N</i> = 104 treatment-seeking refugees were assessed for cPTSD and PTSD_ICD-11, as well as symptom severity and single symptom endorsement using a new clinical interview, the Complex PTSD Item Set Additional to the CAPS. Trauma history, comorbid symptoms (dissociation, sleep problems, somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, social impairment), and post-migration stressors were investigated as predictors for cPTSD diagnostic status and symptom severity using Wilcoxon Rank sum tests, logistic and linear regression.<b>Results</b>: Prevalences for cPTSD and PTSD_ICD-11 were 14.42% (<i>n</i> = 15) and 63.46% (<i>n</i> = 66), respectively. Participants with and without cPTSD did not differ regarding the frequency of traumatic events experienced. However, cPTSD symptom severity was significantly positively associated with the frequency of experienced traumatic events. In regression analyses, comorbid symptoms were significantly associated with cPTSD diagnostic status and symptom severity with depressive symptoms being a significant predictor. Post-migration stressors were associated with cPTSD diagnostic status and symptom severity, and the perception of the present financial situation was a significant predictor for cPTSD severity.<b>Discussion</b>: The prevalence of cPTSD was relatively low in this refugee sample. This discrepancy to earlier prevalence estimates could be due to the assessment since we used a clinical interview instead of a self-report questionnaire. More investigations into cPTSD diagnostic assessments are needed, and clinical interviews should be used more often.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2538264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between parental alcoholism and delinquent behaviours among youth: exploring serial and parallel mediation by posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, anxiety symptoms and impulsivity.","authors":"Belise Blandine Isingizwe, Japhet Niyonsenga, Clementine Kanazayire, Naasson Nduwamungu, Jeanne Marie Ntete, Jean Mutabaruka","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2526893","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2025.2526893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Despite mounting evidence linking parental alcoholism (PA) with delinquency in youth, little is known about the factors that mediate this link globally. This study, therefore, aimed to explore whether Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms and impulsivity serially or parallel mediate the associations between PA and delinquency among youth.<b>Method</b>: A random sample of 341 male participants aged between 17 and 25 years (M = 21.34, SD = 2.23) was selected from the Iwawa Rehabilitation Centre for youth affected by delinquency, alcohol or substance abuse, or homelessness in Rwanda. Data were collected from February to May 2022, using standardized measures of PA, PTSD symptoms, GAD symptoms, impulsivity and delinquency. Mediation models were analysed using the Macro Process in SPSS to examine the simple (single mediator), serial, and parallel mediating models.<b>Results</b>: The results showed high prevalence of parental alcoholism (69.5%), possible PTSD (45.2%), GAD (42%), and impulsivity (Mean = 9.12, SD = 4.07). Analyses revealed significant associations between PA, delinquency, and the mediators. PTSD symptoms, GAD, and impulsivity individually and parallelly mediated the relationship between PA and delinquency, with impulsivity emerging as the strongest mediator, accounting for 21.3% of the total effect and 6.2% of the overall indirect effect. Among the tested models, serial mediation models highlighted a compelling cascading pathway where PA is associated with impulsivity, followed by increased PTSD symptoms, which are then linked to heightened anxiety symptoms and delinquency (PA → impulsivity → PTSD → GAD → delinquency).<b>Conclusion</b>: While the study uses linear statistical models, the results challenge traditional assumptions that traumatic stress necessarily initiates the cascade of risk by suggesting alternative sequences, such as impulsivity playing an earlier or initiating role. These findings support the need for culturally sensitive and trauma-informed interventions that specifically address impulsivity in youth affected by parental alcoholism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"2526893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12305872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}