European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"Traumatic loss: a systematic review of potential risk factors differentiating between posttraumatic stress disorder and prolonged grief disorder.","authors":"Philipp Jann, Jessica Netzer, Tobias Hecker","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2371762","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2371762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> When traumatic events and losses intersect in the form of traumatic loss, these events can trigger both posttraumatic stress disorder and pathological grief.<b>Objective:</b> This systematic review investigates which characteristics differentiate between the development of the respective disorders or are associated with comorbidity.<b>Method:</b> A systematic literature search using Medline, PubMed, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science yielded 46 studies which met the inclusion criteria. In these studies, PTSD was assessed using 17 and pathological grief using 16 different validated instruments. In the quality assessment, 12 studies were classified as average, 30 as above average, and 4 as excellent. The investigated risk factors were categorized into 19 superordinate clusters and processed using narrative synthesis.<b>Results:</b> The relationship to the deceased, mental health issues, and religious beliefs seem to be associated specifically with pathological grief symptoms compared to PTSD symptoms. Social support and social emotions emerged as significant correlates and potential risk factors for both PTSD and pathological grief. Included studies had mainly cross-sectional designs.<b>Conclusions:</b> Differentiating factors between pathological grief and PTSD appear to exist. The results should be considered within the limitations of the heterogeneity of the included studies and the research field. There is a lack of studies (1) using a longitudinal study design, (2) starting data collection early following the traumatic loss, (3) using standardized, up-to-date measurement instruments and (4) including comorbidity in their analyses. Further research is urgently needed for more accurate (acute) screenings, prognoses, and interventions following traumatic loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2371762"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood trauma is linked to epigenetic age deceleration in young adults with previous youth residential care placements.","authors":"Maria Meier, Sina Kantelhardt, Laura Gurri, Christina Stadler, Marc Schmid, Vera Clemens, Aoife O'Donovan, Cyril Boonmann, David Bürgin, Eva Unternaehrer","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2379144","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2379144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Early adversity increases the risk for mental and physical disorders as well as premature death. Epigenetic processes, and altered epigenetic aging in particular, might mediate these effects. While the literature that examined links between early adversity and epigenetic aging is growing, results have been heterogeneous.<b>Objective:</b> In the current work, we explored the link between early adversity and epigenetic aging in a sample of formerly out-of-home placed young adults.<b>Method:</b> A total of <i>N </i>= 117 young adults (32% women, age <i>mean </i>= 26.3 years, <i>SD </i>= 3.6 years) with previous youth residential care placements completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Life Events Checklist (LEC-R) and provided blood samples for the analysis of DNA methylation using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip Microarray. Epigenetic age was estimated using Hovarth's and Hannum's epigenetic clocks. Furthermore, Hovarth's and Hannum's epigenetic age residuals were calculated as a proxy of epigenetic aging by regressing epigenetic age on chronological age. The statistical analysis plan was preregistered (https://osf.io/b9ev8).<b>Results:</b> Childhood trauma (CTQ) was negatively associated with Hannum's epigenetic age residuals, <i>β </i>= -.23, <i>p</i> = .004 when controlling for sex, BMI, smoking status and proportional white blood cell type estimates. This association was driven by experiences of physical neglect, <i>β </i>= -.25, <i>p</i> = .001. Lifetime trauma exposure (LEC-R) was not a significant predictor of epigenetic age residuals.<b>Conclusion:</b> Childhood trauma, and physical neglect in particular, was associated with decelerated epigenetic aging in our sample. More studies focusing on formerly institutionalized at-risk populations are needed to better understand which factors affect stress-related adaptations following traumatic experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2379144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11275517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining military sexual trauma: establishing parameters and perspectives.","authors":"Charlotte Herriott, Gavin Campbell, Lauren Godier-McBard, Abigail Wood, Dominic Murphy","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2390759","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2390759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The term military sexual trauma [MST] is increasingly used to describe instances of sexual harassment/assault that occur between serving personnel during military service. However, in the absence of a clear universal definition, MST is an increasingly contested term, with confusion about its scope, application to differing jurisdictions and implications for responses and treatment.<b>Objective:</b> This editorial provides a universal definition of MST, decoupled from any national system or framework.<b>Method:</b> Drawing on existing international evidence about the nature and impact of MST.<b>Results and Conclusion:</b> We argue that MST terminology provides a unique framing which recognises the institutional nature of MST victimisation and situates the context, behaviours, and impact on a continuum of violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2390759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of life history theory to explain the association between childhood maltreatment and adulthood sleep problems in Chinese men with drug abuse: multiple mediating roles of emotion regulation, future-oriented coping, and anxiety.","authors":"Chun Feng, Anise M S Wu, You-Ping Chen, Yong Xing, Rui Zhai, Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2411881","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2411881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Despite the practical importance of addressing the drug user's sleep problems to enhance the efficacy of treatment and rehabilitation, little is known about whether and how history of childhood maltreatment relates to this issue. This study takes an evolutionary perspective to investigate the associations between history of childhood maltreatment and sleep problems in adults with drug abuse via their emotion regulation difficulties, future-oriented coping, and anxiety.<b>Methods:</b> Participants were 604 male adults with drug abuse between the ages of 18-58 years (<i>M</i> = 36.20, <i>SD</i> = 8.17) in a drug rehabilitation centre in China. In addition to bivariate correlation analysis, path analysis was conducted to examine goodness-of-fit of the conceptual model, controlling for the effect of demographic characteristics.<b>Results:</b> Thirty-two percent of participants (<i>n</i> = 194) reported poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), whereas sleep disturbance (81.3%), daytime dysfunction (77.3%), and sleep latency (66.5%) were the three most common problems among them. Correlation analysis supported the hypothesised positive correlations between poor sleep quality and childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation difficulties, and anxiety, and a negative correlation with future-oriented coping. Results of path analysis showed a significant indirect effect of childhood maltreatment on sleep problems via both emotion regulation difficulties and anxiety, whereas such effects via both future-oriented coping and anxiety were statistically nonsignificant.<b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest life history theory is applicable to understanding drug users' sleep problems, and interventions regarding both emotion regulation difficulties and anxiety can lessen the risk posed by childhood maltreatment on sleep problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2411881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evocation of positive memories as complement to trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy for intimate partner violence against women.","authors":"María Crespo, M José Hernández-Lloreda, Carlos Hornillos, Alejandro Miguel-Alvaro, Silvia Sánchez-Ferrer, Ana A Antón","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2419699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2419699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Focusing on positive memories as a complement to trauma-focused interventions for intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) could contribute to enhancing the recovery from trauma with the development of a more integrated and emotionally modulated autobiographical narrative.<b>Objective:</b> To test the effectiveness of a trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) tailored for IPVAW that incorporates the evocation of positive memories.<b>Methods:</b> Female survivors of IPVAW entered a randomized controlled trial comparing trauma-focused CBT for IPVAW (CBT; <i>n</i> = 35) to a version that incorporates the evocation of positive memories (CBT-M+; <i>n</i> = 44) and to a waitlist (WL; <i>n</i> = 12) control group. Pre and post measures were obtained for: posttraumatic stress, meaning of trauma, affect, emotional regulation, associated symptoms, self-concept and overall functioning.<b>Results:</b> A total of 43.04% of women who entered treatment dropped out, without significant treatment differences. Pre-post changes were not significant for the WL; both treatments resulted in significant improvements, with good effect sizes, for posttraumatic stress (<i>g</i> = 0.78 and <i>g</i> = 1.00 for CBT and CBT-M+, respectively), meaning of trauma, affect, associated symptoms, self-concept and overall functioning, but not in emotional regulation. There were no significant differences between CBT and CBT-M+ in the direct comparisons; however, the effect sizes showed better effects of CBT for centrality of the IPVAW, whereas they favoured CBT-M+ for PTSD, depression, self-esteem and impairment measures. No clinically significant change was reached for the WL, while both treatments significantly reduced the percentage of women with PTSD and self-esteem problems; additionally, the percentage of women with depression and impairment problems in the CBT-M+ group was significantly decreased.<b>Conclusions:</b> Although there were few differences between both treatments, CBT-M+ seemed to have a greater effect, pointing to the potential of the inclusion of the evocation of positive memories that should be further researched.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2419699"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional examination of correlates of sexual victimization disclosure via #MeToo.","authors":"Prachi H Bhuptani, Margarita Cruz-Sanchez, Lindsay M Orchowski","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2023.2291932","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2023.2291932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Sexual victimization is a serious public health problem, with a range of negative impacts on mental and physical health. Responses that individuals get to disclosure of sexual victimization play an important role in recovery. With the increased use of social media, more survivors are talking about their experiences of sexual victimization online. Research is needed to document the correlates of online disclosure of sexual victimization.<b>Objective</b>: The current study examined the role of demographic characteristics, assault severity, coping strategies, and social isolation as putative correlates of disclosing sexual victimization online via the hashtag #MeToo.<b>Methods</b>: A sample of 637 adults recruited via social media who reported a history of sexual victimization since the age of 14 completed self-report surveys using online survey software to assess disclosure of sexual victimization, assault severity, coping strategies, and social isolation.<b>Results</b>: Multivariate analyses suggest that levels of emotion-focused coping were positively associated with the disclosure of sexual victimization online via #MeToo. Further, individuals who had experienced completed rape by verbal coercion were less likely to disclose via #MeToo, compared to individuals who experienced other forms of assault.<b>Conclusion</b>: Coping strategies and assault severity play an important role in determining whether survivors disclose sexual victimization online via #MeToo. Findings suggest that individuals may disclose via #MeToo to seek support or express their emotions. Further, individuals whose sexual victimization experiences do not conform to 'typical' sexual victimization experiences are less likely to disclose via #MeToo.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2291932"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10769140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in people with dementia: study protocol.","authors":"J E Ruisch, D C D Havermans, E M J Gielkens, M Olff, M A M J Daamen, S P J van Alphen, M van Kordenoordt, J M G A Schols, K R J Schruers, S Sobczak","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2320040","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2320040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is considered an independent risk factor for dementia. Despite the (clinical) evidence that PTSD is associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia, studies on its prevalence and clinical manifestation are limited, and their quality is affected by the lack of a structured method to diagnose PTSD in this population. The primary aim of the current study is to validate the 'TRAuma and DEmentia' interview as a diagnostic tool for PTSD in people with dementia and to test feasibility of EMDR treatment for people with PTSD and dementia.<b>Methods:</b> This prospective multi-centre study is divided into two parts. In study A, 90 participants with dementia will be included to test the criterion validity, inter-rater reliability and feasibility of the 'TRAuma and DEmentia' interview. In study B, 29 participants with dementia and PTSD will receive eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy by a trained psychologist, and 29 participants with dementia and PTSD will be placed on the waiting list control group.<b>Conclusion:</b> This study aims to improve the diagnostic process of PTSD and to assess the effects of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing treatment in people with dementia living in Dutch care facilities.<b>Trial registration:</b> NL70479.068.20 / METC 20-063 / OSF registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AKW4F.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2320040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10946268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The German PCL-5: evaluating structural validity in a large-scale sample of the general German population.","authors":"Amelie Pettrich, Michael Friedrich, Yuriy Nesterko, Heide Glaesmer","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2317055","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2317055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> In attempts to elucidate PTSD, recent factor analytic studies resulted in complex models with a proliferating number of factors that lack psychometrical and clinical utility. Recently, suggestions have been made to optimize factor analytic practices to meet a refined set of statistical and psychometric criteria.<b>Objective:</b> This study aims to assess the factorial structure of the German version of the PCL-5, implementing recent methodological advancements to address the risk of overfitting models. In doing so we diverge from traditional factor analytical research on PTSD.<b>Method:</b> On a large-scale sample of the German general population (<i>n</i> = 1625), exploratory factor analyses were run to investigate the dimensionality found within the data. Subsequently, we validated and compared all model suggestions from our preliminary analyses plus all standard and common alternative PTSD factor models (including the ICD-11 model) from previous literature with confirmatory factor analyses. We not only consider model fit indices based on WLSMV estimation but also deploy criteria such as favouring less complex models with a parsimonious number of factors, sufficient items per factor, low inter-factor correlations and number of model misspecifications.<b>Results:</b> All tested models showed adequate to excellent fit in respect to traditional model fit indices; however, models with two or more factors increasingly failed to meet other statistical and psychometric criteria.<b>Conclusion:</b> Based on the results we favour a two-factor bifactor model with a strong general PTSD factor and two less dominant specific factors - one factor with trauma-related symptoms (re-experiencing and avoidance) and one factor with global psychological symptoms (describing the trauma's higher-order impact on mood, cognition, behaviour and arousal).From the perspective of clinical utility, we recommend the cut-off scoring method for the German version of the PCL-5. Basic psychometric properties and scale characteristics are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2317055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of secondary traumatic stress in emergency nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhiyong Xu, Bingnan Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Xuan Wang, Yifan Jiang, Min Zhang, Ping Li","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2321761","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2321761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Nurses in emergency departments are at a high risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress because of their frequent exposure to trauma patients and high-stress environments.<b>Objective:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses and to identify the contributing factors.<b>Method:</b> We conducted a systematic search for cross-sectional studies in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Internet up to October 21, 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute's appraisal checklists for prevalence and analytical cross-sectional studies were used for quality assessment. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using Cochrane's Q test and the <i>I</i>² statistic. A random effects model was applied to estimate the pooled prevalence of secondary traumatic stress, and subgroup analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity. Descriptive analysis summarized the associated factors.<b>Results:</b> Out of 345 articles retrieved, 14 met the inclusion criteria, with 11 reporting secondary traumatic stress prevalence. The pooled prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses was 65% (95% CI: 58%-73%). Subgroup analyses indicated the highest prevalence in Asia (74%, 95% CI: 72%-77%), followed by North America (59%, 95% CI: 49%-72%) and Europe (53%, 95% CI: 29%-95%). Nine studies identified associated factors, including personal, work-related, and social factors. In the subgroup of divided by recruitment period, emergency department nurses in the COVID-19 outbreak period had a higher prevalence of secondary traumatic stress (70%, 95% CI: 62%-78%).<b>Conclusions:</b> Secondary traumatic stress prevalence is notably high among emergency department nurses, with significant regional variations and period differences. The factors affecting secondary traumatic stress also varied across studies. Future research should focus on improving research designs and sample sizes to pinpoint risk factors and develop prevention strategies.<b>Registration:</b> PROSPERO CRD42022301167.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2321761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10911249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in trauma appraisal during brief internet-based exposure and cognitive restructuring treatment for Arabic-speaking people with PTSD.","authors":"Jana Stein, Rayan El-Haj-Mohamad, Nadine Stammel, Max Vöhringer, Birgit Wagner, Yuriy Nesterko, Maria Böttche, Christine Knaevelsrud","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2324631","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2324631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Maladaptive trauma appraisal plays an important role in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of exposure and cognitive treatments for PTSD symptomatology, the effect of such treatments on specific trauma appraisals is still not well understood.<b>Objective:</b> The study investigated the effect of an exposure and a cognitive restructuring internet-based treatment on specific trauma appraisals in Arabic-speaking participants with PTSD.<b>Method:</b> 334 participants received either an exposure (<i>n</i> = 167) or a cognitive restructuring (<i>n</i> = 167) internet-based treatment. PTSD symptom severity (PCL-5) and specific trauma appraisals (TAQ) were assessed at pre- and post-treatment. Changes in specific trauma appraisals within and between the two treatments were analyzed using multi-group change modelling. Associations between changes in PTSD symptom severity and changes in trauma appraisals were evaluated using Pearson product-moment correlation. For both treatments, participants with versus without reliable improvement were compared regarding changes in specific trauma appraisals using Welch tests. Analyses were performed on 100 multiple imputed datasets.<b>Results:</b> Both treatments yielded significant changes in shame, self-blame, fear, anger, and alienation (all <i>p</i>s < .001). Changes in betrayal were only significant in the cognitive restructuring treatment (<i>p</i> < .001). There was no evidence of differences between treatments for any specific trauma appraisal. Changes in PTSD symptom severity were significantly associated with changes in trauma appraisals (all <i>p</i>s < .001). In both treatments, participants who experienced reliable improvement in PTSD symptom severity showed significantly larger pre- to post-treatment changes in specific trauma appraisals compared to those without reliable improvement. Again, differences in betrayal were only significant in the cognitive restructuring treatment.<b>Conclusions:</b> The findings indicate that both treatments are effective in reducing trauma appraisals in Arabic-speaking people with PTSD. Changes in trauma appraisal seem to be associated with changes in PTSD symptomatology.<b>Trial registration:</b> German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00010245.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2324631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}