European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"How does self-compassion affect posttraumatic adaptation among lymphoma patients? A perspective based on network analysis.","authors":"Wei Li, Dongdong Xue, Xiaoqin Niu, Qian Chen, Xiaozhuang Wang","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2650093","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2650093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Self-compassion, defined as the ability to treat oneself with kindness during suffering, serves as a protective factor for posttraumatic adaptation in cancer patients. However, the functional distinctions between different components of self-compassion in shaping posttraumatic adaptation among lymphoma patients remain unclear.<b>Objective:</b> This study employed network analysis to examine the relationships between self-compassion components and posttraumatic adaptation in lymphoma patients.<b>Methods:</b> Patients diagnosed with lymphoma (<i>n</i> = 233) completed a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Considering that posttraumatic adaptation is a multidimensional construct, this study operationalised it through two key concepts: posttraumatic stress (representing negative adaptation) and posttraumatic growth (representing positive adaptation). Gaussian graphical model (GGM) and directed acyclic graph (DAG) were used to construct network structures linking self-compassion components to posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth.<b>Results:</b> Positive self-compassion (i.e. self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness) was positively associated with posttraumatic growth across its domains but showed no significant links to posttraumatic stress symptom clusters. Conversely, negative self-compassion (i.e. self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification) was positively associated with posttraumatic stress symptom clusters, with no significant connections to posttraumatic growth domains. DAG provided further support for the identification of the undirected network and indicated differential roles of mindfulness and over-identification in relation to posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress symptoms.<b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest that distinct components of self-compassion may play distinct roles in both positive and negative posttraumatic adaptation in lymphoma patients. However, these results are preliminary and hypothesis-generating. Longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to examine whether targeting specific positive or negative components results in different changes in posttraumatic stress and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2650093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of EMDR therapy in adults with a severe intellectual disability and posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Annemieke Hoogstad, Samantha Bouwmeester, Liesbeth Mevissen, Robert Didden","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2673670","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2673670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Individuals with severe intellectual disabilities (SID; IQ 20-35) are believed to be at heightened risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However<i>,</i> research targeting trauma treatment in individuals with SID remains limited, and controlled intervention studies are scarce.<b>Objective:</b> To investigate the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) storytelling method in seven adults with SID and PTSD.<b>Method:</b> A multiple baseline design was used in seven adults with SID and PTSD to evaluate the efficacy of the EMDR storytelling method in reducing dysfunctional behaviours, PTSD symptoms, and challenging behaviours immediately after treatment and at three-month follow-up assessment.<b>Results:</b> Immediately after EMDR therapy and at three-month follow-up, significant reductions in dysfunctional behaviours and PTSD symptoms were observed at group level. At individual level, reductions in PTSD symptoms were observed in most participants, whereas results for dysfunctional behaviours were mixed. No group-level changes were found for challenging behaviours while individual outcomes were stable for the total score but varied across the BPI subscales (self-injury, stereotypical, and aggressive behaviours). No sessions were discontinued prematurely, and no adverse events were reported.<b>Conclusions:</b> This study provides preliminary support for the safety, suitability, and potential efficacy of the EMDR storytelling method in reducing PTSD symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2673670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148210606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a short-form (6-item) version of the clinician-administered dissociative states scale (CADSS-SF).","authors":"V Ursule Taujanskaite, Sunjeev K Kamboj","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2678662","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2678662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> State dissociation is commonly assessed using the Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS; 19-items). A briefer CADSS would have many advantages, enabling assessment of transient dissociative states and allowing repeated assessment within short intervals while minimizing participant burden. This is especially relevant in studies of dissociative drugs which cause sedation and psychomotor slowing. Here we describe the process of developing a short-form version of the CADSS (CADSS-SF), based on nitrous oxide (N₂O) - induced dissociative responses in healthy volunteers.<b>Methods:</b> In the 'development phase', using data from three experimental pharmacological studies on N₂O in healthy volunteers (<i>n</i> = 229), we identified the most 'N₂O-responsive' items with the highest item-total correlations, endorsed by experts and consistent with published accounts on the phenomenology of drug-induced dissociation. Identified items were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis using a separate validation dataset (<i>n</i> = 80), which tested a series of one- and two-factor models with 6-8 items.<b>Results:</b> A 6-item, single-factor CADSS-SF consisted of derealization and depersonalization items and showed excellent model fit (<i>χ</i>²(9) = 0.246, <i>p</i> = .246, CFI/TLI>0.99, RMSEA = 0.059). The CADSS-SF was internally consistent (w = 0.87), correlated strongly with the full scale (<i>r</i> ≥ 0.88) and moderately with a measure of the related, but distinct construct of psychotomimesis (<i>r</i> = 0.63).<b>Discussion:</b> The CADSS-SF is a promising tool for rapid assessment of dissociation. It may be useful for capturing fleeting experimentally-induced dissociative phenomena that would otherwise be disrupted through the process of extended self-reporting, or for studying dissociation during drug intoxication, which is often accompanied by psychomotor slowing, sedation and inattention. The scale's brevity may allow tracking of changes in dissociation over relatively brief periods. However, like the parent long-form (19-item) CADSS, the CADSS-SF primarily captures variations in derealization/depersonalization only and may therefore be less appropriate for capturing the multidimensionality of dissociative phenomena. Further validation is required to establish the generalisability of the CADSS-SF beyond experimentally-(drug-) induced dissociation in healthy populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2678662"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13270868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived opportunities and risks of using deepfake technology in grief treatment: a qualitative study among Dutch bereaved people and mental health care workers.","authors":"Jip Martijn van Oostrum, Defne Akalin, Lonneke Lenferink","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2663660","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2663660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Deepfake technology, capable of simulating realistic representations of deceased people, is receiving growing attention as a potential technological tool in grief treatment. While its use has been explored in trauma treatment, its application in grief treatment remains unstudied.<b>Objective:</b> We examined how Dutch bereaved people and mental healthcare workers (MHCWs) perceive the usefulness and risks of using deepfake technology in grief treatment.<b>Method:</b> After viewing a videoclip of a deepfake grief intervention, participants listed three reasons for and against its use. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of open-ended survey responses from 159 bereaved people (86% women, <i>M</i>age = 55.09) and 126 MHCWs (81% women, <i>M</i>age = 39.75).<b>Results:</b> Bereaved people found deepfakes emotionally meaningful, envisioning them as a way to say goodbye, reconnect, or find closure. MHCWs acknowledged therapeutic potential, particularly as a supplement to established techniques (e.g. exposure, imagery rescripting), but highlighted ethical issues regarding misrepresentation, informed consent, and client safety. Both groups raised concerns about psychological risks, including hindrance of loss acceptance and emotional dependency, especially for vulnerable clients.<b>Conclusions:</b> Bereaved people valued opportunities for reconnection with the deceased, while MHCWs warned that such reconnection might impede grief processing. Both groups agreed that deepfakes may have therapeutic value if applied ethically, under therapist guidance, and with safeguards. Because participants were asked about hypothetical use, results reflect perceptions, not clinical effectiveness. Our findings underscore the need for ethical guidelines to balance bereaved people's needs with professional responsibility when exploring the therapeutic effects of deepfake technology in treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2663660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13215421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148028629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex PTSD symptom trajectories in trauma-exposed adolescents: a five-year longitudinal study.","authors":"Agniete Kairyte, Evaldas Kazlauskas, Paulina Zelviene","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2705022","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2705022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b><b>Background:</b> Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom profile, prevalence, and risk factors have been studied in various populations across the lifespan. However, the longitudinal course of complex PTSD symptoms is unknown.<b>Objective:</b> The current study aimed to investigate the ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD symptom trajectories and trauma disorders diagnostic changes in a longitudinal study of a trauma-exposed community sample of adolescents.<b>Method:</b> The five-year, three-wave longitudinal study included 156 adolescents (58.3% girls, 40.4% boys, and 1.3% non-binary); age <i>M</i>(<i>SD</i>) = 17.10(0.43) years, who completed self-report questionnaires. The Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to identify changes in complex PTSD symptom clusters in adolescents meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD, complex PTSD, or no trauma disorder at wave 3.<b>Results:</b> 21 diagnostic pathways of PTSD, complex PTSD, and no trauma disorder were observed across the three biannual study waves. Almost half of the participants (46.8%) met diagnostic criteria for PTSD or complex PTSD at least at a single wave over the course of the study. However, complex PTSD (2.6%) or PTSD (0.6%) diagnostic pathways across all three waves were rare. In adolescents with complex PTSD at the last wave, all symptom cluster trajectories were elevated through time in comparison to the no current trauma disorder status group. Also, the stability in time of affect dysregulation and disturbed relationships symptoms was indicated in adolescents with complex PTSD status in wave 3.<b>Conclusions:</b> The longitudinal study of complex PTSD symptom trajectories reveals heightened complex PTSD symptoms across five years of the study in participants meeting diagnostic criteria for complex PTSD at the last study wave. These findings reveal the importance of early recognition of complex PTSD symptom patterns in adolescents to provide trauma care and treatment. Further studies are needed to explore complex PTSD symptom trajectories in other adolescent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2705022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral injury in Dutch treatment-seeking veterans: a latent profile analysis.","authors":"Mariëlle L de Goede, F Jackie June Ter Heide, Elisa van Ee-Blankers, Rick de Haart, Kathleen Thomaes, Paul A Boelen","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2709318","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2709318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Moral injury (MI) is a construct distinct from, yet related to, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To date, no study has assessed MI among Dutch treatment-seeking veterans using a validated measure.<b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to (a) examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Dutch Expressions of Moral Injury Scale - Military Version (EMIS-M); (b) to identify profiles of PTSD and MI outcomes among treatment-seeking Dutch veterans, as well as their associations with comorbid psychopathology and family functioning.<b>Method:</b> Participants were 455 Dutch treatment-seeking veterans at four national psychotrauma centres. Data were drawn from pre-intake routine outcome monitoring assessments. We evaluated the internal consistency, temporal stability, and factor structure of the EMIS-M, and conducted latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify PTSD and MI profiles, followed by analyses of associated psychopathology and family functioning.<b>Results:</b> The EMIS-M demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a two-factor structure (MI-self and MI-other), though fit indices suggested room for improvement. LPA revealed three profiles: 'Subclinical MI and PTSD' (<i>n</i> = 95, 20.9%), 'Moderate MI and PTSD' (<i>n</i> = 218, 47.9%), and 'High MI and PTSD' (<i>n</i> = 142, 31.2%). Higher levels of MI and PTSD were associated with greater comorbid psychopathology. Family functioning was significantly poorer in the Moderate and High profiles compared to the Subclinical profile.<b>Conclusions:</b> Findings indicate that the Dutch EMIS-M is a psychometrically acceptable instrument for assessing MI among treatment-seeking veterans. MI frequently co-occurred with PTSD and was associated with greater psychopathology and poorer family functioning, underscoring the need for careful assessment of MI in veteran care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2709318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13577277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-year outcomes in a randomised controlled trial of prolonged exposure therapy and supportive counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents: a task-shifted intervention.","authors":"Jaco Rossouw, Elna Yadin, Debra Alexander, Soraya Seedat","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2721926","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2721926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive-behavioural therapies with a trauma focus are effective in reducing posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychological distress in adolescents. Long-term follow-up data on adolescents treated for PTSD remain scarce, with few studies extending beyond 12 months after treatment completion.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the maintenance of treatment gains in a comparative study of effectiveness of PE-A and SC up to 60 months post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-three adolescents diagnosed with PTSD were randomly assigned to either treatment, provided by newly trained and supervised non-specialist health workers. The primary outcome measure was PTSD symptom severity, as independently assessed on the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS). We report on the 60-month post-treatment follow-up, building on post-treatment, 3-month, 6-month, 12-month and 24-month post-treatment data that have been published previously.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in both treatment groups maintained a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms up to 60-months post-treatment (F (7, 343) = 2.86, <i>p</i> < .01). Participants receiving prolonged exposure experienced greater improvement on the CPSS at all follow-up assessment timepoints, except for the 60-month FU (<i>p</i> = .28; <i>g</i> = 0.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adolescents with PTSD continued to maintain treatment gains up to 60-months post-treatment. These data, along with findings from the original RCT, indicate that a brief treatment protocol (averaging 9 sessions of PE-A or SC) in a LMIC, task-shifted to be delivered by nurses without prior psychotherapy experience, led to lasting improvements in PTSD and comorbid symptoms for up to five years. The sustained benefits and improved functioning over the first few years post-treatment support expanding both treatments, especially PE-A, in community settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2721926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13577292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Displacement and associated factors of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder among Ukrainian perinatal women.","authors":"Catalina Argüello-Gutiérrez, María F Rodríguez-Muñoz, Magdalena Chrzan-Dętkoś, Raquel Costa, Nazar Yatsenko, Natalia Murawska, Marta Lockiewicz, Sandra Nakić Radoš, Iliana Liakea, Helena S García-López, María Provencio, Ana Uka, Liudmyla Krupelnytska","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2652816","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2652816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The ongoing war in Ukraine has profoundly disrupted maternal healthcare and exposed women to acute psychosocial stressors throughout the perinatal period. This context may heighten the risk of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD), particularly among displaced women.<b>Objective:</b> To identify and compare the proportion of women meeting full diagnostic criteria for CB-PTSD and the severity of specific symptom clusters (stressor, re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, hyperarousal, distress, and dissociation) by displacement status, and to examine sociodemographic, obstetric, and war-related psychosocial factors associated with CB-PTSD.<b>Method:</b> Data came from an online survey of 318 Ukrainian perinatal women grouped as not displaced (ND), internally displaced (ID), or externally displaced (ED). Measures included CB-PTSD (City BiTS), assessment, care, and trust in pregnant and new mothers (ACT-PNM), and emotional stability (TIPI). Group differences in CB-PTSD diagnostic status and symptom clusters were analysed using Pearson's chi-square tests, Welch one-way ANOVAs, Spearman correlations and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Hierarchical linear regression models assessed the contribution of sociodemographic, obstetric, and war-related psychosocial factors to CB-PTSD symptom severity.<b>Results:</b> Overall, 4.9% of women met full diagnostic criteria for CB-PTSD, with a tendency to higher rates across displacement groups (9.4% ID vs. 8.3% ED). Symptom differences by displacement status were only significant for the dissociation cluster, which were elevated among displaced women, while other clusters did not differ across groups. Factors significantly associated with higher CB-PTSD scores included neonatal intensive care unit admission, lack of resources, worsened perinatal care, high financial stress due to the war, greater war-related disruption in daily life, and lower emotional stability, jointly explaining 37.1% of the variance in CB-PTSD.<b>Conclusions:</b> Ukrainian women giving birth during wartime face pronounced psychosocial vulnerability, particularly when displaced. These findings highlight the urgent need for trauma-informed perinatal care and targeted psychosocial support tailored to conflict-affected perinatal populations.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05654987.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2652816"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13104001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FKBP5 methylation, temperament, and chronotype in adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder: a preliminary case-control study.","authors":"Yiğit Özaydın, Börte Gürbüz Özgür, Buket Canlan Özaydın, Bülent Bozdoğan, Hatice Aksu","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2726603","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2726603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may show stress-system, personality, and circadian vulnerabilities, but these domains have rarely been examined together.<b>Methods:</b> In this exploratory case-control study, 36 newly diagnosed adolescents with DSM-5 PTSD, unmedicated at enrolment, and 36 trauma-unexposed controls (12-18 years) were assessed; diagnoses were confirmed with the K-SADS-PL. Symptom severity, temperament and character, and chronotype were measured with the Child PTSD Symptom Scale, the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, and the Children's Chronotype Questionnaire. FKBP5 intron 7 methylation was assessed qualitatively at seven CpG sites by Sanger sequencing of bisulfite-converted PCR products.<b>Results:</b> Methylation positivity was observed in 27.8% of adolescents with PTSD and in 8.3% of controls (RR = 3.33, 95% BCa CI [0.96, 12.40]), a difference not robust across analytic approaches and reported as an effect-size estimate. The PTSD group showed higher Harm Avoidance, lower Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness, and greater eveningness. In multivariable analyses, lower Self-Directedness was independently associated with greater symptom severity (<i>β</i> = -.44), whereas methylation positivity showed a smaller association (<i>β</i> = .35; <i>R</i>² = .470) that did not persist under penalised estimation in the logistic model of case status.<b>Conclusions:</b> Methylation positivity and reduced Self-Directedness co-occurred with higher symptom burden. Because the controls were trauma-unexposed rather than trauma-exposed without PTSD, these differences distinguish adolescents with PTSD from trauma-naïve peers rather than marking PTSD specifically, and the qualitative assay indexes detectable methylation rather than methylation level. Replication with quantitative methylation measures, FKBP5 rs1360780 genotyping, trauma-exposed controls, and HPA-axis biomarkers is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2726603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Client and therapist experiences with the Processing of Positive Memories Technique (PPMT) in a randomized controlled trial: insights for protocol refinement.","authors":"Madeline M Rodenbaugh, Isamar Almeida, Leyla Solakoglu, Ling Jin, Ateka A Contractor","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2692887","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2692887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The Processing of Positive Memories Technique (PPMT) is a brief, memory-based intervention designed to enhance access to detailed positive autobiographical memories (AMs) in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although research suggests that PPMT is feasible and may reduce PTSD symptoms, little is known about client and therapist experiences with PPMT when delivered to individuals with diagnostic PTSD.<b>Objective:</b> In a pilot randomised controlled trial, PPMT was compared to Supportive Counseling. Seventy clients with PTSD were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive five weekly therapy sessions, and then clients in the PPMT arm and study therapists were invited to provide feedback on the format, content, feasibility and acceptability of PPMT.<b>Method:</b> Twenty-six clients with PPMT assigned to the PPMT condition and six therapists who delivered PPMT completed quantitative and qualitative feedback surveys one-week post-treatment.<b>Results:</b> Clients and therapists reported strong feasibility and acceptability of PPMT. Among clients, 52.3% reported that PPMT became easier with practice, 45.5% indicated they would participate in PPMT again, and 38.1% described it as helpful overall. Therapists uniformly endorsed PPMT as a valuable adjunct to trauma-focused treatments (100%) and viewed it as feasible for clinicians to implement due to its structured format (66.7%). Clients described emotional and cognitive benefits of narrating and positive AMs, including increased access to positive emotions, improved self-reflection, and greater present-oriented awareness. Several areas for protocol refinement were identified, including additional support to help retrieve positive AMs, clarifying the rationale for protocol elements such as using the present tense for narration, the exclusion of trauma content, and how recalling positive AMs can help in trauma recovery; as well as greater flexibility in number of sessions.<b>Conclusion:</b> Findings support PPMT as a feasible and acceptable intervention and provide guidance for optimising its clinical implementation.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05523453..</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2692887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}