European Journal of Applied Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Vitamin D status and its determinants in German elite athletes.","authors":"Sebastian Hacker, Claudia Lenz, Lukas Reichert, Robert Ringseis, Karen Zentgraf, Karsten Krüger","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05965-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05965-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate thresholds as integrative biomarkers: a systems approach to exercise physiology and cardiovascular regulation.","authors":"Isaac A Chavez-Guevara, Carlo Ferri-Marini, Sofia Carrilho-Candeias, Jørn W Helge, Francisco J Amaro-Gahete","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05905-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05905-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart rate (HR) kinetics during exercise reflect complex interactions between cardiovascular, autonomic, and metabolic systems. Yet, traditional assessments, such as maximal HR or HR reserve, fail to capture HR adjustments to metabolic transitions and mechanical signals sent from skeletal muscle, respiratory muscles, and the vascular system. This perspective introduces a novel systems physiology framework for analyzing HR thresholds in synchronization with ventilatory and metabolic transitions. A biphasic regulation model is proposed where Phase 1 is governed by afferent reflex mechanisms (e.g., metaboreflex, baroreflex) driving an exponential HR increase (heart rate inflection point, HRIP), while Phase 2 reflects β₁-adrenergic receptor saturation, leading to a plateau or deflection in HR (heart rate deflection point, HRDP). Using this framework, we propose new analytical strategies to assess threshold agreement and physiological synchronization across bodily systems. Our approach has practical applications in tailored exercise prescriptions and clinical diagnostics. We argue that HR thresholds may reflect activation of the exercise pressor reflex and shifts in sympathetic activity. By moving beyond isolated biomarkers, this model promotes a more integrative and dynamic understanding of exercise physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of menstrual cycle phase on acute critical power testing performance in healthy females.","authors":"Kelly E Joniak, Sam R Moore, Alex N Ladan, Morgan E Britton, Elena I Cantu, Brad W Wilkins, Abbie E Smith-Ryan","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-06000-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-06000-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Critical power (CP) is derived from the hyperbolic relationship between power output and time to exhaustion (TTE) and delineates severe-intensity exercise from the heavy-intensity domain. Fluctuations in endogenous and exogenous female sex hormones may influence this power-duration relationship.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined CP and subjective fatigue between low-hormonal (LHP) and high-hormonal (HHP) phases of the menstrual cycle (MC) in eumenorrheic (EUM), intrauterine device (IUD), and oral contraceptive (OC) using females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five participants (mean ± SD: age: 24.3 ± 6.1 yrs, weight: 65.2 ± 7.0 kg) completed a randomized crossover design. Performance outcomes (CP [W], anaerobic work capacity [W´; J], TTE [sec], and total work [J]) were evaluated from three TTE trials at 110%, 80%, and 95% of peak oxygen consumption. Subjective feelings of fatigue, sleepiness, consciousness, and energy were obtained from validated questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CP (LHP-HHP; Δ ± SE: 0.81 ± 1.87 W), W´ (Δ -295.44 ± 415.04 J), TTE (Δ: 110%: -7.98 ± 6.16 s; 95%: 1.21 ± 9.44 s; 80%: - 52.63 ± 25.80 s), total work (Δ: - 8,022 ± 4,590 J), and energy (Δ: - 1.69 ± 8.45 a.u) were not significantly different between MC phases. Greater subjective fatigue (LHP-HHP; Δ: - 5.69 ± 12.08 a.u; p = 0.009), sleepiness (Δ: - 3.34 ± 9.70 a.u; p = 0.049), and consciousness (Δ: - 0.86 ± 2.1 a.u; p = 0.024) were identified in HHP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that MC phase does not alter parameters of the power-duration relationship in recreationally active females, but subjective feelings of fatigue may be altered during the high-hormone phase of the MC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of immediate post-sprint interval training low-dose hyperbaric oxygen on aerobic and anaerobic performance and recovery indicators: a four-week randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Zepeng Hu, Wenjing Guo, Hao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05997-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05997-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated whether, and to what extent, immediate post-sprint interval training (SIT) low-dose hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could augment adaptations in aerobic and anaerobic performance and recovery indicators in healthy men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 4-week randomized controlled trial assigned 24 healthy men to either the SIT + HBO or SIT-only groups. Outcomes assessed pre- and post-intervention included aerobic and anaerobic performance, body composition, countermovement jump (CMJ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Profile of Mood States (POMS), and heart rate variability (HRV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups significantly improved aerobic performance and body composition, with no between-group differences. However, SIT + HBO led to greater gains in anaerobic power indices: peak power (PP) (Δ: + 21.6% vs. + 11.9%, g = 0.69), peak power relative to body mass (PP kg⁻¹) (Δ: + 24.1% vs. + 13.0%, g = 0.75) and mean power relative to body mass (MP kg⁻¹) (Δ: + 31.6% vs. + 11.8%, g = 0.94). A significant interaction was also observed for mean power (MP) (Δ: + 24.5% vs. + 10.6%, g = 0.88), though post-hoc comparison was non-significant due to an outlier. Despite positive numerical trends, particularly for PSQI (p = 0.06), no significant synergistic effects were found for aerobic capacity, PSQI, or HRV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SIT improved aerobic and anaerobic performance and fat mass. Immediate post-SIT low-dose HBO yielded a synergistic benefit for anaerobic power, but not for aerobic or recovery outcomes. The small sample may have limited power and generalizability, increasing the risk of Type II errors. Future studies should clarify mechanisms and refine protocols via larger placebo-controlled trials with biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sprint interval training for cardiovascular prevention: a time-efficient alternative or an overstated promise? An umbrella review.","authors":"Weibao Liang, Chuannan Liu, Shuting Xu, Shuhui Ma, Yue Zong, Xujie Yan","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05975-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05975-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sprint interval training (SIT) is a time-efficient strategy for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). However, existing systematic reviews show conflicting results and variable quality. This umbrella review synthesizes this evidence to appraise the certainty of SIT's effects on CRF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in six databases for systematic reviews with meta-analyses comparing SIT with non-exercise control conditions and other comparator training modalities such as moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), or high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The methodological quality of included systematic reviews was assessed using AMSTAR-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen systematic reviews were included, with a majority (9/16) rated as 'Low' or 'Critically Low' methodological quality. The 16 included reviews synthesized data from 393 unique primary studies and more than 8642 participants, encompassing populations from healthy sedentary adults and athletes to individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. Pooled data showed SIT elicited a significant improvement in CRF versus control (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = 0.59; 95% CI 0.43-0.74). In contrast, no significant difference was found between SIT and MICT (SMD = 0.07; 95% CI  - 0.03 to 0.16). Evidence comparing SIT to HIIT was inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SIT is an effective intervention for improving CRF compared to no exercise. However, current evidence, especially from higher-quality systematic reviews, does not support SIT's superiority over MICT. Confidence in these findings is limited by prevalent methodological flaws, underscoring the need for more rigorous primary and secondary research.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO ID CRD420251074348.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of posture changes on critical closing pressure and resistance-area product regulation in healthy subjects.","authors":"X Zhong, R H Clough, R B Panerai, J S Minhas","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05972-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05972-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is affected by posture changes, but there is a paucity of research examining the effect of posture on dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA). The step responses of critical closing pressure (CrCP) and resistance area product (RAP) obtained from the cerebral blood velocity (CBv) signal can reflect the changes in dCA, enabling exploration of dCA changes in supine, sitting and upright postures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 22 participants (11 males, aged 30.2 ± 14.3 years), two recordings were made for each posture, corresponding to supine, sitting, and standing. Blood pressure (BP, Finometer), MCAv and PCAv (transcranial Doppler ultrasound), end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO₂, capnography) and heart rate (ECG) were continuously recorded. CrCP and RAP were obtained for each cardiac cycle, and the step responses of CBv (SRV_MCA/PCA), CrCP (SRV_CrCP), and RAP (SRV_RAP), for both arteries, were calculated after subcomponent and transfer function analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moving from supine to sitting, and then standing, led to reductions in mean MCAv (p < 0.001), PCAv (p = 0.037), BP (p < 0.001) and EtCO₂ (p < 0.001), accompanied by changes in SRV_MCA (p = 0.002), but not in SRV_PCA (p = 0.78). For both arteries, SRV_RAP and SRV_CrCP reflected changes in posture (both p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posture changes can significantly affect the step responses of MCAv, CrCP, and RAP. The interaction between posture and EtCO₂ from the perspective of the CrCP and RAP step responses needs further exploration in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Androgen levels of premenopausal females are not observably associated with body composition and physical performance, but may interact with hormonal contraceptive use.","authors":"Vera M Salmi, Jari E Karppinen, Terhi T Piltonen, Heikki Kyröläinen, Juha J Hulmi, Johanna K Ihalainen, Ritva S Mikkonen","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05993-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05993-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The role of androgen levels in physiological characteristics of females is poorly understood, as previous research has mainly focused on testosterone and females not using hormonal contraceptives. Our aim was to investigate whether androgen levels are associated with body composition and physical performance in recreationally active and trained premenopausal females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study examined two phases of the menstrual/combined oral contraceptive (COC) cycle of healthy eumenorrheic (EUM) and COC using females (age 19-35 years, n = 83). Total and free serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were analyzed. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the associations between androgen levels and fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), counter movement jump (CMJ), maximal isometric force production, and aerobic capacity ( <math> <mrow><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> <mtext>O</mtext></mrow> </math> _2peak).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the measured androgens were significantly associated with body composition or physical performance outcomes in the pooled sample. However, significant androgen-COC-use interactions indicated that the associations between DHEA and FFM (β = 0.23, p = 0.017), SHBG and FFM-FM-adjusted CMJ (β = 0.72, p = 0.041), and total testosterone and unadjusted <math> <mrow><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> <mtext>O</mtext></mrow> </math> _2peak (β = - 0.27, p = 0.016) differed according to COC-use. A significant association between SHBG and CMJ (β = - 0.66, p = 0.047) and total testosterone and <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O_2peak (β = 0.15, p = 0.044) was found only in EUM; however, adjustment for FFM eliminated this statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum androgen levels were not robustly associated with body composition or physical performance outcomes in healthy, recreationally active and trained premenopausal females. Hormonal contraceptive status may attenuate the associations between androgens and performance, driven potentially by FFM and individuals with high androgen levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Zealand blackcurrant extract has no effect on physiological and cardiovascular responses during low-intensity sustained intermittent isometric contractions in men.","authors":"Stefano Montanari, Ben J Lee, Sam D Blacker, Matthew D Cook, Mark E T Willems","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05971-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05971-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intake of anthocyanin-rich supplements such as New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract for 7 days showed beneficial effects on cardiovascular function at rest and during moderate and high-intensity exercise. The effects of 4- and 7-day intake of 600 mg of NZBC extract on cardiovascular function, femoral artery diameter, muscle force, muscle activity and muscle fatigue during low-intensity sustained intermittent isometric contractions were examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen healthy males (age: 25 ± 6 years, height: 180 ± 7 cm, body mass: 82 ± 8 kg) visited the laboratory on five occasions (familiarisation, days 4 and 7 of placebo (PLA) or NZBC extract intake). Each visit required the participants to hold the isometric contraction of the m.quadriceps femoris at 10% of their isometric maximal voluntary contraction (iMVC) for 5 bouts of 2-min. At the end of each 2-min, an iMVC was performed with subsequent 20 s rest before starting a subsequent bout. Electromyography, isometric muscle force, hemodynamic and ultrasound data were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At days 4 and 7, there were no effects for NZBC extract on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance and femoral artery diameter. Although the isometric contraction protocol resulted in fatigue, there were no differences between PLA and NZBC extract conditions for isometric muscle force and muscle activity at days 4 and 7 (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NZBC extract had no effect on cardiovascular function and exercise-induced fatigue during repeated bouts of low-intensity sustained intermittent isometric contractions of the m.quadriceps femoris, maybe due to the low demand of the exercise model.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of sprint interval training combined with remote ischaemic preconditioning on vascular function in young women with masked obesity.","authors":"Yelinfan Ji, Lumeng Yang, Peizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05970-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05970-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the changes in body composition and vascular function in young women with masked obesity after an 8-week intervention involving sprint interval training (SIT) or SIT combined with remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women aged 18-30 years with a body mass index of 18.5-24.9 kg/m² and body fat percentage (BF%) > 30% were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: SIT, SIT with RIPC, and control. The participants underwent an 8-week training intervention. Morphological, physiological, vascular, and blood parameters were measured after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 weeks of exercise intervention, the SIT + RIPC and SIT groups showed significant improvements in waist circumference, hip circumference, and BF%. The SIT + RIPC group showed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and increase in maximal oxygen consumption. The SIT group also showed a significant decrease in DBP and increase in VO₂max. Both the SIT + RIPC and SIT groups showed a significant increase in percentage flow-mediated dilation and decrease in Right intima-media thickness (RIMT), whilst nitric oxide only significantly increased in the SIT + RIPC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that SIT combined with RIPC is an effective exercise modality for improving body composition and vascular health in women with masked obesity.</p><p><strong>Clinical registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number: NCT06664281.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effect of static stretching on arterial stiffness following high-intensity resistance exercise.","authors":"Kazuki Esaki, Yuto Hashimoto, Takanobu Okamoto","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05984-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05984-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of static stretching exercise (SSE) on arterial stiffness following high-intensity resistance exercise (RE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized controlled crossover trial, 12 healthy young men performed either SSE or seated rest (CON) following high-intensity RE. The participants completed five sets of five repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) for the bench press and five sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of 1RM for biceps curl. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), carotid arterial compliance, and stiffness parameter β were measured at baseline, immediately after RE, and immediately after SSE or CON, as well as at 30 min (P30) and 60 min (P60) following the completion of SSE or CON.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, no significant differences were observed in baPWV, carotid arterial compliance, or stiffness parameter β. Both baPWV and stiffness parameter β significantly increased immediately after RE in both trials compared to baseline. In the SSE trial, baPWV was lower at P30 and P60 than in the CON trial. Similarly, stiffness parameter β was lower immediately after SSE, and at P30 and P60 in the SSE trial than in the CON trial. Carotid arterial compliance decreased immediately after RE when compared to baseline in both trials; however, it was higher immediately after SSE, and at P30 and P60 in the SSE trial compared with the CON trial.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SSE following high-intensity RE mitigates the increase in arterial stiffness in healthy young men.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}