European Journal of Applied Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility of a beat-by-beat finger photoplethysmograph device for estimating central (aortic) blood pressure waveform characteristics.","authors":"Bryce N Balmain, Martin G Schultz, Norman R Morris, Kenji Shiino, Surendran Sabapathy","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05862-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05862-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central blood pressure can be estimated non-invasively using radial applanation tonometry. However, the stability and accuracy of applanation tonometry signals is operator-dependent. We examined the concordance between finger and radial artery pressure waveforms captured using an automated, beat-by-beat, photoplethysmograph device (Finometer PRO) and radial applanation tonometry respectively, to estimate central pressure waveform characteristics including systolic (SP), diastolic (DP), augmented (AP), reservoir (RP), and excess (XSP) pressure at rest and during a period of elevated and sustained arterial blood pressure. The central pressure waveform characteristics were estimated from finger artery pressure waveforms captured by the Finometer, and were compared to those derived from radial artery pressure waveforms captured using applanation tonometry at baseline (Rest) and during a brief period of circulatory occlusion (OCC) immediately following an isometric handgrip exercise challenge (performed at 40% maximal voluntary contraction) in 24 healthy men (25 ± 5 years). Central pressure waveform parameters derived from the Finometer device were not different to those estimated from radial applanation tonometry: SP (Rest: 3 ± 2; OCC: 4 ± 2 mmHg), DP (Rest: 1 ± 1; OCC 1 ± 2 mmHg), AP (Rest:2 ± 3; OCC: 3 ± 3 mmHg), RP (Rest: 3 ± 4; OCC: 3 ± 5 mmHg), and XSP (Rest: 2 ± 2; OCC: 2 ± 3 mmHg) (all p > 0.05). Furthermore, intra-class correlation coefficients between methods were uniformly high for the estimated change from Rest-to-OCC in all parameters: SP (r = 0.97), DP (r = 0.96), AP (r = 0.94), RP (r = 0.95), and XSP (Rest: r = 0.98) (all p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the Finometer device may serve as an alternative automated device to radial applanation tonometry for capturing peripheral pressure waveforms that allow similar estimation of central pressure waveform characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of normobaric hyperoxia on finger vasomotor and thermoperceptual responses to local cold in normothermic and mildly hypothermic individuals.","authors":"Michail E Keramidas, Heather M Bowes, Maaike I Moes, Ola Eiken, Mikael Gennser","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05869-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05869-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate whether a sustained period of normobaric O₂ breathing would modulate acral-skin vasoreactivity and thermosensitivity to localised cooling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight healthy men performed a 30-min normoxic and hyperoxic (100% O₂) hand cold (8 °C water) provocation, while immersed to the chest either in 35.1 (0.4)°C (normothermic trial) or in 21.0 (0.1)°C (hypothermic trial) water. Finger temperature, circulatory and perceptual responses were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the normothermic trial, hyperoxia augmented the cold-induced drop in finger temperature, and attenuated the rewarming (P = 0.03). Hyperoxia also enhanced the sensation of pain (P = 0.04). During the hypothermic trial, hyperoxia did not modify finger temperature, circulatory and perceptual responses to cold (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In normothermia, hyperoxia aggravates finger cold-induced vasoconstriction and pain sensation. In mild hypothermia, however, any hyperoxia-evoked influence on finger vasomotion and thermonociception is overridden by the generalised vasoconstriction and thermal discomfort instigated by whole-body cooling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiologic and mechanical responses to clustered vs. traditional sprint interval exercise approaches.","authors":"Refik Çabuk, Yıldırım Kayacan, Juan Manuel Murias, Bettina Karsten","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05857-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05857-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared responses to a traditional 30-s all-out sprint interval exercise (SIE) session, compared to two SIE sessions divided into clusters, with the aim to assess which of these sessions would result in higher peak oxygen uptake ( <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O_2peak), longer time at <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O₂ ≥ respiratory compensation point (RCP), and greater peak power output during SIE (PPO_SIE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve trained males (19 ± 1 years; 176 ± 5 cm; 65.9 ± 6 kg; <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O_2max: 54.0 ± 6.2 mL kg^-1 min^-1) performed three work-matched all-out cycling SIE sessions with a load of 7.5% body mass: (1) SIE30: 4 repetitions of 30-s work with 240-s recovery; (2) SIE15: 4 repetitions of 15-s work with 15-s recovery, plus 15-s work with 225-s recovery; (3) SIE10: 4 repetitions of 10-s work with 10-s recovery, plus 10-s work and 10-s recovery, plus 10-s work with 220-s recovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PPO_SIE for SIE30 (697 ± 71 W) was lower than for SIE15 (732 ± 63 W; p = 0.001) and SIE10 (752 ± 75 W; p = 0.001). <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O_2peak response for SIE30 (46.5 ± 6.6 mL kg^-1 min^-1) was lower than for SIE15 (51.9 ± 4.8 mL kg^-1 min^-1; p = 0.04) and SIE10 (50.9 ± 5.6 mL kg^-1 min^-1; p = 0.01). Time spent at <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O₂ ≥ RCP was shorter for SIE30 (32.9 ± 35.9 s) compared to SIE15 (95.0 ± 52.0 s; p = 0.001) and SIE10 (62.9 ± 46.1 s; p = 0.010). No differences were identified for these variables between SIE15 and SIE10 (p = 0.270).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to the SIE30 session, the clustering-based SIE protocols resulted in higher PPO_SIE values, a greater <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O_2peak response, and longer time spent at <math><mover><mtext>V</mtext> <mo>˙</mo></mover> </math> O₂ ≥ RCP. Thus, clustering methods can maximize the above-mentioned responses and be appealing alternatives to the traditional 30-s SIE session.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One, two, or three times a week? examining the optimal frequency for strength and muscle growth in accentuated eccentric exercise.","authors":"Per Egil Refsnes, Jon Ingulf Medbø, Vidar Jakobsen, Arne Vilberg, Harald Vikne","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05828-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05828-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examines the effects of performing accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) resistance exercise one, two, or three times per week, with equal session doses, in resistance-trained athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-three strength-trained athletes were allocated to one of three exercise groups: EX1 (n = 7), EX2 (n = 9), and EX3 (n = 7). Participants engaged in AEL full squat training once (EX1), twice (EX2), or three times (EX3) per week for 12 weeks. Maximum concentric (CONM), isometric (ISOM), and eccentric strength (ECCM), and strength endurance (SE70), were assessed using the full squat. Muscular power was evaluated through squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured via computed tomography, and muscle fiber type proportions by mATP-ase histochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all groups, ISOM (9.1 ± 8.5%), CONM (9.3 ± 5.7%), ECCM (14.0 ± 6.7%), and SE70 (28.6 ± 16.2%) increased significantly (all P < 0.001). SJ improved by 7.3 ± 6.9% (P < 0.001), and CMJ improved by 4.4 ± 6.0% (P = 0.003). Quadriceps CSA increased by 3.6 ± 4.1% (P < 0.001), and thigh CSA increased by 2.1 ± 2.9% (P = 0.005). The only significant between-group difference was that EX3 exhibited a greater increase in CONM compared with EX1 (P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Training with AEL resistance exercise one, two, or three times per week for 12 weeks produced similar effects on maximum strength, power, and hypertrophy in resistance-trained athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of exercise-induced reduction in peripheral arterial stiffness.","authors":"Natalia S Lima, Ronald E Jackson, Brooks A Hibner, Sara R Sherman, Bo Fernhall, Tracy Baynard, Craig Crandall, Shane A Phillips, Rrita Zejnullahi, Philip S Clifford","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05821-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05821-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peripheral arterial stiffness measured with pulse wave velocity (PWV) is reduced 5-min after an acute bout of dynamic exercise. The mechanism for the reduction in peripheral arterial stiffness is unknown. We hypothesized that increased blood flow and compression of the vasculature are potential mechanisms involved in post-exercise reduction in peripheral arterial stiffness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brachial-radial PWV was measured with tonometers on the exercising arm of 20 healthy young volunteers (10 females, 30 ± 5 yrs, mean ± SD) before and after 5 min of rhythmic handgrip exercise at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), 50% MVC, and a 5 min set of passive forearm compressions. Brachial blood flow was monitored with Doppler ultrasound during exercise/compression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brachial-radial PWV was lower than baseline at 5 min post (p < 0.001) for 30% MVC, 50% MVC, and compression, with responses similar among all conditions (p > 0.05). PWV remained lower than baseline at 15 min and 30 min only for 50% MVC. Blood flow and changes in brachial diameter during exercise/compression were not factors in the PWV reduction (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that compression of the forearm vasculature contributes to the initial reduction in peripheral PWV after handgrip exercise, but the reductions in peripheral PWV are not associated with changes in blood flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 12-week free sprint training and speed, agility, and quickness training (SAQT) on reaction time and lower limb muscle activation during crouch start.","authors":"Yu-Hua Chang, Mei-Hsuan Wu, Kuei-Fu Lin, Kok-Hwa Tan","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05830-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05830-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the effects of speed, agility, and quickness training (SAQT) and free sprint training (FST) on lower limb muscle activation and crouch start reaction time in university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six participants were randomly assigned to either the SAQT or FST group. Both groups underwent 12 weeks of training (3 sessions/week). Electromyography (EMG) measured muscle activation and crouch start reaction time at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. A mixed-design two-way ANOVA assessed changes over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SAQT led to greater improvements in muscle activation, particularly in the rectus femoris and right biceps femoris. Significant increases in right rectus femoris and biceps femoris activation were observed at 12 weeks (241.10 ± 202.92 and 140.25 ± 62.57) compared with pre-test values (127.36 ± 59.03 and 91.36 ± 44.42; p = 0.010 and 0.014). The FST group showed higher right biceps femoris activation after 6 weeks of training (p = 0.012). No significant differences were found in peroneus longus activation or crouch start reaction time between groups or across time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAQT effectively enhanced lower limb muscle activation, suggesting benefits for neuromuscular coordination and explosive power development. The lack of improvement in reaction time may be due to participants' limited crouch start proficiency. Integrating SAQT with skill-based start drills may better improve sprint performance. Future studies should examine trained or professional athletes to further validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why low-intensity endurance training for athletes?","authors":"Pekka Matomäki","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05843-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05843-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endurance athletes prioritize most of their training in low-intensity zone. This forms a paradox, as immediate logic would argue against it: Acutely low-intensity exercise does not challenge the homeostasis or cardiopulmonary system of high-level athletes sufficiently to produce performance gains comparable to those from moderate- or high-intensity exercise. In this perspective study, seven possible explanations for the purpose of excessive-volume low-intensity training in endurance athletes are proposed. The hypotheses are not all mutually exclusive. They range from a psychological need for easy days and the incremental benefits of low-intensity training without accumulating stress, to the possibility that such training may ultimately be replaceable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The myth of the Bayesian brain.","authors":"Madhur Mangalam","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05855-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05855-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bayesian brain hypothesis-the idea that neural systems implement or approximate Bayesian inference-has become a dominant framework in cognitive neuroscience over the past two decades. While mathematically elegant and conceptually unifying, this paper argues that the hypothesis occupies an ambiguous territory between useful metaphor and testable, biologically plausible mechanistic explanation. We critically examine the key claims of the Bayesian brain hypothesis, highlighting issues of unfalsifiability, biological implausibility, and inconsistent empirical support. The framework's remarkable flexibility in accommodating diverse findings raises concerns about its explanatory power, as models can often be adjusted post hoc to fit virtually any data pattern. We contrast the Bayesian approach with alternative frameworks, including dynamic systems theory, ecological psychology, and embodied cognition, which conceptualize prediction and adaptive behavior without recourse to probabilistic inference. Despite its limitations, the Bayesian brain hypothesis persists-driven less by empirical grounding than by its mathematical elegance, metaphorical power, and institutional momentum.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue-induced alterations in the spatial distribution of lumbar erector spinae activity in older versus young adults.","authors":"Martina Parrella, Riccardo Borzuola, Franco Pio Siciliano, Michail Arvanitidis, Stefano Nuccio, Deborah Falla, Maria Francesca Piacentini, Andrea Macaluso","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05864-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05864-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined differences in the spatial distribution of lumbar erector spinae (LES) muscle activity during a submaximal isometric trunk extension contraction between older and younger adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen older adults (OLDER) and thirteen young adults (YOUNG) participated. High-density surface electromyography signals were recorded from the LES muscle during an isometric trunk extension task at 30% of maximal voluntary isometric force until failure. The spatial distribution of muscle activity was assessed via the x and y coordinates of the centroid of the root mean square map. Muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV) was calculated as a physiological index of local muscle fatigue. Force steadiness was quantified using the coefficient of variation (CoV) of force.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MFCV values significantly decreased during the fatiguing task (p < 0.001), with the two groups showing a similar rate of decline. Significant \"Time*Group\" interactions were found for the centroid displacement along both the y axis (p = 0.017) and the x axis (p = 0.006), with OLDER showing a cranial shift of muscle activity and YOUNG a lateral shift. Endurance time was similar between groups (p = 0.749). The CoV was consistently higher in OLDER throughout the task (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights age-related differences in LES activity adaptations to muscle fatigue, with older adults showing potentially protective, but less efficient recruitment strategies. In addition, older participants demonstrated poorer trunk force control during the task.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond FITT: addressing density in understanding the dose-response relationships of physical activity with health-an example based on brain health.","authors":"Fabian Herold, Liye Zou, Paula Theobald, Patrick Manser, Ryan S Falck, Qian Yu, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Arthur F Kramer, Kirk I Erickson, Boris Cheval, Yanxia Chen, Matthew Heath, Zhihao Zhang, Toru Ishihara, Keita Kamijo, Soichi Ando, Joseph T Costello, Mats Hallgren, David Moreau, Vahid Farrahi, David A Raichlen, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Michael J Wheeler, Neville Owen, Sebastian Ludyga, Henning Budde, Thomas Gronwald","doi":"10.1007/s00421-025-05858-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05858-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on physical activity (PA) and health has a fundamental concern with dose-response relationships. The variables of (1) Frequency, (2) Intensity, (3) Time, and (4) Type (i.e., the FITT principle) have traditionally been used to operationalize the dosage of PA. We consider some limitations of FITT and propose that it can be complemented by the additional variable density (from the German exercise and training variable Belastungsdichte), which can be defined as the timing of successive work bouts within a single PA bout as well as the timing between successive PA bouts within a specific time period; it does so by quantifying the temporal intervals between successive work or PA bouts (i.e., time spent at a lower PA intensity or resting such as in napping/sleeping or sedentary behaviors). Using the field of PA and brain health as an example, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for further research employing the variable density and consider its potential to improve the understanding of dose-response relationships between PA and health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12005,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}