European Journal of Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Frequency Coding of Multisensory Integration in the Local Field Potentials of the Medial Pulvinar","authors":"Anne-Laure Vittek,&nbsp;Cécile Juan,&nbsp;Corentin Gaillard,&nbsp;Manuel Mercier,&nbsp;Pascal Girard,&nbsp;Suliann Ben Hamed,&nbsp;Céline Cappe","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pulvinar is a posterior thalamic nucleus, with a heterogeneous anatomo-functional organization. It is divided into four parts, including the medial pulvinar, which is densely connected with primary unisensory and multisensory cortical regions, and subcortical structures, including the superior colliculus. Based on this connectivity, the medial pulvinar may play an important role in sensory processing and multisensory integration. However, its contribution to multisensory integration has rarely been directly investigated. To fill this knowledge gap, two macaque monkeys were trained on a fixation task, during which auditory, visual, and audiovisual stimuli were presented. We characterize local field potentials of the medial pulvinar associated with these stimuli. In the temporal domain, we describe an early and a late period showing multisensory integration, both dominated by sub-additive processes (the audiovisual response is inferior to the sum of the unisensory responses). In the frequency domain, multisensory integration, mostly sub-additive, is predominant in the lower frequencies (90% of recorded signals in 4.5–8.5 Hz and 96% in 8.5–20 Hz). Prevalence largely decreases in high frequencies (54% in 35–60 Hz, 37% in 60–120 Hz). This suggests that the medial pulvinar is a multisensory hub, integrating visual and auditory information in different frequency bands and contributing to cortico-pulvino-cortical multisensory computational loops.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabidiol and Alzheimer Disease: A Comprehensive Review and In Silico Insights Into Molecular Interactions","authors":"João V. Mello-Hortega,&nbsp;Carolina S. de Oliveira,&nbsp;Vitoria S. de Araujo,&nbsp;Lupe Furtado-Alle,&nbsp;Luciane V. Tureck,&nbsp;Ricardo L. R. Souza","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease (<span>AD</span>) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a set of multifactorial conditions that progressively impair memory processing and cognitive function. The study of this pathology is particularly challenging due to its complex etiology, which involves several pathological hallmarks, including amyloid plaque formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and other contributing factors—all leading to neuronal loss. The primary therapeutic approach for AD involves the use of anticholinesterase agents; however, these treatments are associated with adverse effects, and their efficacy has been increasingly questioned. Against this backdrop, researchers have investigated cannabidiol (CBD) as a potential complementary treatment for AD. This study compiles and synthesizes current evidence regarding the therapeutic effects of CBD in the context of AD, examining its impact on the amyloid cascade, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, the cholinergic pathway, glucose and lipid metabolism, behavioral alterations, and physiological changes. In addition, an in silico analysis was conducted based on studies that identified differential gene expression in response to CBD. Through this analysis, we mapped the gene network and biological pathways involved in CBD's mechanism of action in <span>AD</span>, contributing to the identification of potential gene targets for further research and providing deeper insight into its therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Organization of the Spinal Locomotor Network Based on Analysis of Interneuronal Activity","authors":"Pavel E. Musienko,&nbsp;Oleg V. Gorskii,&nbsp;Tatiana G. Deliagina,&nbsp;Pavel V. Zelenin","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Locomotion is a vital motor function for any living being. In vertebrates, a basic locomotor pattern is controlled by the spinal locomotor network (SLN). Although SLN has been extensively studied, due to technical difficulties, most data were obtained during fictive locomotion, and data about the activity of spinal neurons during locomotion with intact sensory feedback from limbs are extremely limited. Here, we overcame the technical problems and recorded the activity of putative spinal interneurons from spinal segments L4–L6 during treadmill forward locomotion evoked by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region in the decerebrate cat. We found that neurons were activated and inactivated preferably within one of the four phase ranges presumably related to preparation for the limb lift-off, the limb lift-off, transition from the limb flexion to limb extension during swing, and the limb touch-down. We analyzed the activity phases of recorded interneurons by using a new method that took into account the previously ignored information about the stability of neuronal modulation in the sequential locomotor cycles. We suggested that neurons with stable modulation (i.e., small dispersion of their activity phase in sequential cycles) represent the core of SLN. Our analysis revealed groups of neurons active approximately out of phase and presumably contributing to the control of vertical (VC) and horizontal (HC) components of the step. We found that most VC- and HC-related neurons were located in the intermediate and dorsal/ventral parts of the grey matter, respectively. Our experimental data can be used as a benchmark for computational models of locomotor neuronal networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wider Than the Sky: An Alternative to “Mapping” the World Onto the Brain","authors":"Ann-Sophie Barwich,&nbsp;Stuart J. Firestein,&nbsp;Michael R. Dietrich","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper reevaluates the conventional topographic model of brain function, stressing the critical role of philosophical inquiry in neuroscience. Since the 1930s, pioneering studies by Penfield and subsequent advancements in visual neuroscience by Hubel and Wiesel have popularized the concept of cortical maps as representations of external and internal states. Yet contemporary research in various sensory systems, including visual cortices in certain animals, questions the universal applicability of this model. We critique the restrictive influence of this paradigm and introduce an alternative conceptualization using the olfactory system as a model. This system's genetic diversity and dynamic neural encoding serve as a foundation for proposing a rule-based, adaptive framework for neural processing, akin to the dynamic routing in GPS technology, which moves beyond fixed spatial mappings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota Composition and Modulation in Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies","authors":"Takwa Ammar,&nbsp;Fatma Abdelhedi,&nbsp;Leila Ammar keskes,&nbsp;Chahnez Charfi Triki","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70234","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The gut microbiota (GM) is a rapidly evolving field of research that is increasingly explored in the context of various diseases. The complex interactions between the host and microbial communities play a crucial role in health and well-being. It is now understood that the GM communicates with nearly every human organ, including the central nervous system (CNS), through the microbiome–gut–brain (MGB) axis. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that pathological shifts in the GM may lead to various neurological disorders, including epilepsy. While the link between epilepsy and the MGB axis is increasingly recognized, studies investigating the impact of GM alterations in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) remain limited. This review highlights recent clinical and preclinical studies examining the impact of GM composition on DEEs, with a focus on infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and Dravet syndrome (DS). Further investigation into the relationship between GM dysbiosis and the progression of DEEs is crucial for developing potential therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the GM to alleviate seizures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Competition the Default Configuration of Cross-Sensory Interactions?","authors":"Melissa Monti,&nbsp;Sophie Molholm,&nbsp;John J. Foxe,&nbsp;Cristiano Cuppini","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several theories have been proposed about the default configuration of the brain's networks underlying unisensory and multisensory processing abilities and the development of multisensory integration during childhood. Recent empirical findings from animal models and behavioral data collected from typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, are consistent with the idea that in the immature brain, prior to systematic cross-sensory exposures typically encountered in everyday life, the individual sensory systems interact in a competitive manner. Which neural architecture and mechanisms best describe the brain's naïve configuration are still unknown. To fill this gap, this study investigates how sensory modalities interact in the young brain by comparing the predictions of two alternative biologically plausible neuro-computational models to empirical data. The neural substrates responsible for the altered development of multisensory integrative processes observed in ASD children are also investigated. Linking the framework suggested by empirical data to a plausible neural implementation, our results challenge the classical notion of cross-sensory brain organization at birth, whereby the various sensory pathways do not initially interact. Instead, we suggest that direct inhibitory interactions between sensory modalities are taking place in the immature brain, and we suggest that these inhibitory interactions play a crucial role in the altered multisensory perceptual abilities of children with autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation and Dynamic Connectivity Modulations of the Brain's Intrinsic Networks During Visuomotor, Response Control, and Working Memory Processes","authors":"Elif Kurt,&nbsp;Ali Bayram,&nbsp;Tamer Demiralp","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Large-scale intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) flexibly reconfigure in response to changing task demands, enabling adaptive cognitive functions. The study aimed to determine whether ICNs exhibit selective, task-sensitive reorganization across different cognitive domains, rather than uniform shifts in network architecture. For this purpose, we examined how ICNs reorganize during visuomotor integration, response control, and working memory domains, which are expected to engage different network configurations. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 28 healthy adults performing tasks targeting these domains. Using group-level independent component analysis (ICA), we identified ICNs and assessed their intrinsic activity and task-modulated dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC), estimated via sliding-window correlations and multiple regression modeling. Results revealed domain-specific yet partially overlapping reconfiguration profiles. The frontoparietal network demonstrated selective increases in connectivity with the dorsal attention network during working memory and with the ventral attention network during response inhibition, supporting its role as a flexible hub. The default mode and limbic networks showed progressive intrinsic deactivation with increasing working memory load, along with distinct intra- and inter-network connectivity changes. The basal ganglia displayed domain-general engagement by interacting with default mode, attentional, and sensory networks across task conditions. Even the visual and somatomotor networks were dynamically engaged depending on task context. These findings support the view that adaptive cognition arises from selective and domain-dependent ICN reconfiguration rather than global connectivity shifts. Methodologically, the combined ICA and dFNC framework enabled a comprehensive assessment of both network activation and connectivity, offering a refined window into the functional architecture of flexible brain organization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laughter as a Subject and a Tool for Interdisciplinary Investigations in Philosophy and Neuroscience","authors":"Vivian Tiemi Sugano,&nbsp;Adriano da Silva Costa,&nbsp;Marilia Biscaia Rizzo,&nbsp;Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Junior","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Laughter has been extensively studied by philosophers and neuroscientists, but the potential bridges between these two fields of inquiry have been underexplored. Here, we propose a convergent investigation of the philosophy of laughter and humor, leveraging recent theoretical and methodological advances in human functional neuroimaging. We develop testable hypotheses about the relationships between laughter, global embodied cognitive states, cognitive flexibility, and brain metastability. We argue that laughter, as an eminently embodied set of phenomena, should be better studied using emerging antilocalizationist approaches in neuroimaging, but in a way that integrates phenomenology and the classic findings of localizationist neuroscience. Finally, paralleling the interdisciplinary investigation of curiosity, we argue that laughter with humor is not only a topic but also a tool for advancing joint efforts in neuroscience and philosophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak Alpha Frequency Is Not Significantly Altered by Five Days of Experimental Pain and Repetitive Transcranial Stimulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex","authors":"Samantha K. Millard,&nbsp;Alan K. I. Chiang,&nbsp;Nahian Chowdhury,&nbsp;Wei-Ju Chang,&nbsp;Andrew J. Furman,&nbsp;Enrico De Martino,&nbsp;Thomas Graven-Nielsen,&nbsp;Siobhan M. Schabrun,&nbsp;David A. Seminowicz","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) holds promise as a noninvasive pain treatment. Given the link between individual peak alpha frequency (PAF) of resting-state electroencephalographic recordings and pain sensitivity, and the potential for rTMS to modulate PAF, we investigated these relationships through a secondary analysis of established rTMS-induced analgesia in an experimental model of sustained muscle pain.</p><p>In a randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled experiment, 30 healthy adults underwent either active (<i>n</i> = 15) or sham (<i>n</i> = 15) high-frequency rTMS (20 min) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for five consecutive days following the induction of sustained experimental pain by nerve growth factor (NGF) injected into the right extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. The pain intensity was assessed daily for 14 days on a numerical rating scale (NRS). PAF of the resting-state electroencephalography (5 min) was assessed before and 1 day after the five rTMS treatment days.</p><p>The preregistered analysis revealed no significant changes in PAF following five consecutive days of active (from 9.90 ± 0.39 Hz to 9.95 ± 0.38 Hz) or sham (from 9.86 ± 0.44 Hz to 9.81 ± 0.35 Hz) rTMS, suggesting that the impact of rTMS on NGF-induced pain is independent of PAF modulation. However, exploratory analysis indicated an association between a larger absolute difference in baseline PAF to 10 Hz (i.e., the rTMS frequency) and higher NRS pain ratings at Day 5 in participants receiving active rTMS. This suggests rTMS is more efficient when delivered close to individual PAF or for those with PAF around 10 Hz, necessitating further exploration of PAF's role in rTMS-induced pain relief.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Prelimbic Cortex Activity Predicts Anxiety-Like Behavior in the Elevated Plus Maze”","authors":"Marina A. Smoak,&nbsp;Karla J. Galvan,&nbsp;Daniel E. Calvo,&nbsp;Rosalie E. Powers,&nbsp;Travis M. Moschak","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The medial prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in emotional regulation, and its dysregulation is linked to anxiety disorders. In particular, the prelimbic cortex of the medial prefrontal cortex is thought to modulate anxiety-related behaviors, though its precise role remains debated. Here, we used endoscopic in vivo calcium imaging to assess prelimbic neuronal activity in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats performing in the Elevated Plus Maze, a widely used task to measure anxiety-like behavior. We found that animals that spent less time in the open arms exhibited higher prelimbic activity in the open arms, suggesting that heightened prelimbic activity may reflect greater anxiety or increased avoidance behavior. These results suggest that the prelimbic cortex may play a role in regulating the emotional response to anxiety-provoking situations, potentially influencing the tolerance for exposure to threatening environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}