European Journal of Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Laughter as a Subject and a Tool for Interdisciplinary Investigations in Philosophy and Neuroscience","authors":"Vivian Tiemi Sugano,&nbsp;Adriano da Silva Costa,&nbsp;Marilia Biscaia Rizzo,&nbsp;Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Junior","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Laughter has been extensively studied by philosophers and neuroscientists, but the potential bridges between these two fields of inquiry have been underexplored. Here, we propose a convergent investigation of the philosophy of laughter and humor, leveraging recent theoretical and methodological advances in human functional neuroimaging. We develop testable hypotheses about the relationships between laughter, global embodied cognitive states, cognitive flexibility, and brain metastability. We argue that laughter, as an eminently embodied set of phenomena, should be better studied using emerging antilocalizationist approaches in neuroimaging, but in a way that integrates phenomenology and the classic findings of localizationist neuroscience. Finally, paralleling the interdisciplinary investigation of curiosity, we argue that laughter with humor is not only a topic but also a tool for advancing joint efforts in neuroscience and philosophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak Alpha Frequency Is Not Significantly Altered by Five Days of Experimental Pain and Repetitive Transcranial Stimulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex","authors":"Samantha K. Millard,&nbsp;Alan K. I. Chiang,&nbsp;Nahian Chowdhury,&nbsp;Wei-Ju Chang,&nbsp;Andrew J. Furman,&nbsp;Enrico De Martino,&nbsp;Thomas Graven-Nielsen,&nbsp;Siobhan M. Schabrun,&nbsp;David A. Seminowicz","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) holds promise as a noninvasive pain treatment. Given the link between individual peak alpha frequency (PAF) of resting-state electroencephalographic recordings and pain sensitivity, and the potential for rTMS to modulate PAF, we investigated these relationships through a secondary analysis of established rTMS-induced analgesia in an experimental model of sustained muscle pain.</p><p>In a randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled experiment, 30 healthy adults underwent either active (<i>n</i> = 15) or sham (<i>n</i> = 15) high-frequency rTMS (20 min) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for five consecutive days following the induction of sustained experimental pain by nerve growth factor (NGF) injected into the right extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. The pain intensity was assessed daily for 14 days on a numerical rating scale (NRS). PAF of the resting-state electroencephalography (5 min) was assessed before and 1 day after the five rTMS treatment days.</p><p>The preregistered analysis revealed no significant changes in PAF following five consecutive days of active (from 9.90 ± 0.39 Hz to 9.95 ± 0.38 Hz) or sham (from 9.86 ± 0.44 Hz to 9.81 ± 0.35 Hz) rTMS, suggesting that the impact of rTMS on NGF-induced pain is independent of PAF modulation. However, exploratory analysis indicated an association between a larger absolute difference in baseline PAF to 10 Hz (i.e., the rTMS frequency) and higher NRS pain ratings at Day 5 in participants receiving active rTMS. This suggests rTMS is more efficient when delivered close to individual PAF or for those with PAF around 10 Hz, necessitating further exploration of PAF's role in rTMS-induced pain relief.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Prelimbic Cortex Activity Predicts Anxiety-Like Behavior in the Elevated Plus Maze”","authors":"Marina A. Smoak,&nbsp;Karla J. Galvan,&nbsp;Daniel E. Calvo,&nbsp;Rosalie E. Powers,&nbsp;Travis M. Moschak","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The medial prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in emotional regulation, and its dysregulation is linked to anxiety disorders. In particular, the prelimbic cortex of the medial prefrontal cortex is thought to modulate anxiety-related behaviors, though its precise role remains debated. Here, we used endoscopic in vivo calcium imaging to assess prelimbic neuronal activity in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats performing in the Elevated Plus Maze, a widely used task to measure anxiety-like behavior. We found that animals that spent less time in the open arms exhibited higher prelimbic activity in the open arms, suggesting that heightened prelimbic activity may reflect greater anxiety or increased avoidance behavior. These results suggest that the prelimbic cortex may play a role in regulating the emotional response to anxiety-provoking situations, potentially influencing the tolerance for exposure to threatening environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PANoptosis: Potential Therapeutic Prospects in Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Zhanjun Guo,&nbsp;Yuting Wan","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease (<span>AD</span>), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, constitutes a major global health burden with escalating socioeconomic costs. The precise pathophysiological cascades and etiological underpinnings of <span>AD</span> remain incompletely elucidated. Current amyloid-beta (Aβ)–targeted therapies demonstrate limited clinical efficacy and significant adverse effects, prompting reevaluation of therapeutic development strategies. This therapeutic impasse underscores the imperative to investigate novel pathogenic pathways and identify viable molecular targets. PANoptosis, a coordinated cell death mechanism integrating pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, has emerged as a pathophysiological nexus in diverse conditions spanning infectious diseases, malignancies, and chronic inflammatory disorders. Fundamentally, universal apoptosis represents a holistic framework. The integration of these key components generates a novel conceptualization, with all elements being indispensable. The absence of any one element precludes the formation of PANoptosis. Direct evidence that PANoptosis regulates AD pathogenesis is currently lacking. This review synthesizes current understanding of PANoptosis molecular drivers and evaluates their potential mechanistic contributions to <span>AD</span> pathogenesis, proposing a framework for developing possible targeted neuroprotective strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights Into Slow Reading: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Analyses of Visual Word Recognition in Arabic","authors":"Samer Andria,&nbsp;Bahaa Madi-Taraby,&nbsp;Asaid Khateb","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the behavioral and electrophysiological differences between fast and slow readers among Arabic-speaking university students. We employed a classification methodology similar to that used in the rate versus accuracy approach of dyslexia subtyping. Fifty-five native Arabic-speaking university students participated in a lexical decision task involving high-frequency (HF) words, low-frequency (LF) words, and pseudowords (PWs). Behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) data were collected during the task. Participants were categorized as fast or slow readers based on their mean reaction time (RT) across all conditions, with those with RTs below the 65th percentile classified as fast readers and those with RTs above the 75th percentile classified as slow readers. Behaviorally, we observed a frequency effect, with faster RTs for HF words compared to LF words and PWs. At the electrophysiological level, we found a reader effect on the latency of the early ERP components (N170, P2, N2, and P3), with earlier peak latencies for fast readers. Additionally, the P600 component showed a larger amplitude and earlier peak for HF words compared to LF words and PWs. Fast readers exhibited a larger P600 amplitude and an earlier P600 peak for HF words compared to slow readers. These findings provide novel insights into word recognition processes in Arabic-speaking adults, shedding light on the neural mechanisms underlying differences between fast and slow readers. The results are discussed in relation to previous research on word recognition in both typical and dyslexic readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Birds With One Stone: The Protective Role of the Antidiabetic Drug Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor in Neurodegenerative Diseases","authors":"LiRong Zhang,&nbsp;Liangchun Cai,&nbsp;Huiting Lin,&nbsp;Wenhua Wu,&nbsp;Yixiao Zhu,&nbsp;Jiaqin Cai,&nbsp;Congting Hu,&nbsp;Xinmiao Lin,&nbsp;Hong Sun,&nbsp;XiaoXia Wei","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The neuroprotective role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) has attracted considerable interest. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of SGLT2i in several common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (<span>AD</span>), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Utilizing drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization, we used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) proximal to the SLC5A2 gene to analyze the influence of SGLT2i on <span>AD</span>, PD, ALS, and MS. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) was used to probe the relationship of SGLT2i with other characteristics. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were used to explore how SLC5A2 affects other proteins, and enrichment analysis was used to explore possible biological processes. The MR analysis showed that SGLT2i was negatively associated with <span>AD</span> (OR = 0.77, <i>p</i> = 0.01), PD (OR = 0.52, <i>p</i> = 0.04), ALS (OR = 0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.01), and MS (OR = 0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.027), indicating that SGLT2i could reduce the risk of <span>AD</span> by 23%, PD by 48%, ALS by 40%, and MS by 67%. The colocalization supported this conclusion. The PheWAS showed that SGLT2i was associated with body mass index and systolic blood pressure. SGLT2i is biologically closely related to the development of NDs. This study suggested that SGLT2i was able to reduce the risk of NDs. SGLT2i may perform this process through many mechanisms. This study provides a new perspective on the treatment of NDs; clinical trials and relevant experiments are necessary to further validate the neuroprotective effects of SGLT2i.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State Brain Activity in Acute and Chronic Complex Regional Pain Syndrome","authors":"Jiechu Chen,&nbsp;Mohammad Jammoul,&nbsp;Ann-Kristin Reinhold,&nbsp;Juliane Becker,&nbsp;Michael Harnik,&nbsp;Madalina Tivarus,&nbsp;György A. Homola,&nbsp;Magnus Schindehütte,&nbsp;Grit Hein,&nbsp;Claudia Sommer,&nbsp;Mirko Pham,&nbsp;Heike L. Rittner,&nbsp;Paul Geha","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating chronic pain condition. Recent brain imaging studies have highlighted the role of cortico-striatal brain circuitry in pain chronification; however, the role of this circuitry in the persistence of CRPS pain has not been studied yet. Here, we investigated whether frequently reported changes in the cortico-striatal brain circuitry in chronic pain extend also to chronic CRPS. CRPS patients were recruited as part of a research study on chronic pain. Quantitative sensory testing and resting-state functional brain activity data were compared between 22 patients with acute CRPS (aCRPS, pain duration, &lt; 12 months) and 20 with chronic CRPS (cCRPS, pain duration, &gt; 12 months). Patients with cCRPS reported decreased sensitivity to pressure pain compared with aCRPS patients. In parallel, resting-state brain activity power within the slow-5 low-frequency band (0.01–0.027 Hz) in the nucleus accumbens—a brain functional signature identified in chronic low-back pain patients—was decreased in cCRPS patients and effectively discriminated acute from chronic CRPS patients, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79. Although cortico-striatal connectivity did not differ between the groups, exploratory whole-brain comparisons revealed stronger connectivities in the aCRPS patients centered mainly on the precuneus/posterior cingulate of the default mode network and the frontal operculum/mid-insula of the ventral attention/salience network. These findings show that cCRPS patients share neuroplasticity in the accumbens with other chronic pain patients and suggest a major shift in functional connectivities affecting networks involved in nociceptive and self-referential processing between aCRPS and cCRPS.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> https://drks.de/ - registration number DRKS00016790</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of CB1r Hippocampal Activation on Behavioral Changes and BDNF Levels in Rapid-Eye Movement Sleep-Deprived Rats","authors":"Paniz Azizi,&nbsp;Anahita Najafi,&nbsp;Mohammad-Ali Samizadeh,&nbsp;Marjan Mohamadian,&nbsp;Arezu Jabbari,&nbsp;Maede Rezaie,&nbsp;Salar Vaseghi","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The endocannabinoid (eCB) system modulates cognitive and behavioral functions mainly via cannabinoid Type 1 receptor (CB1r). Rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) also affects behavioral functions. Importantly, there may be an interaction between CB1r function and REM SD effects; however, evidence is sparse. In the present research, we investigated the interaction effect of REM SD and CB1r on anxiety, depressive-like behavior, pain threshold, locomotor activity, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rats. Arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA; 1, 3, and 5 ng/side), a CB1r agonist, was injected intra-CA1. REM SD was induced by the multiple platform apparatus for 48 h. The results showed that 48-h REM SD increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and decreased locomotion, pain threshold, and BDNF hippocampal level. ACPA dose-dependently attenuated or restored these effects. ACPA (5 ng/side) also increased pain threshold in control and sham-REM SD rats and decreased locomotion in sham-REM SD rats. Pearson correlation test revealed that the more BDNF expression levels, the less feeding latency (anxiety-like behavior) and the less immobility (depressive-like behavior), meaning an indirect relationship (inverse relationship). By contrast, it showed that the more BDNF expression level, the more locomotor activity, the more pain threshold, and the more climbing, meaning a direct relationship. In conclusion, it can be suggested that CB1r activation in the CA1 region may interact with REM SD effects on behavioral functions and BDNF levels. For the first time, we showed that BDNF function in the CA1 region may modulate the effects of REM SD and CB1r activation on behavioral functions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Spatial Cognition Extend Beyond Vision: Insights From the Audio-Corsi Test","authors":"Daniela E. Aguilar Ramirez,&nbsp;Jennifer Kane,&nbsp;Walter Setti,&nbsp;Lara Coelho,&nbsp;Monica Gori,&nbsp;Claudia L. R. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past several decades, substantial evidence has accumulated demonstrating sex differences in spatial abilities. Males outperform females in most visual tasks that require processing visuospatial information. Notably, in real-world contexts, this capacity also involves other sensory modalities, such as the auditory system. However, unlike visuospatial abilities, research on sex differences in auditory spatial abilities remains sparse. The present study investigated sex differences in an auditory spatial working memory task. Seventy-seven participants (41 female) completed the Audio-Corsi task, the well-established visual Mental Rotation Test (MRT), and a cognitive strategy questionnaire. Results revealed that males outperformed females on both the Audio-Corsi and the MRT. Interestingly, a significant relationship between performance on the Audio-Corsi and the MRT emerged, but only among females. Furthermore, to complete the Audio-Corsi, males reported employing the use of a holistic cognitive strategy more than females. These findings demonstrate that sex differences in spatial abilities extend across sensory modalities, encompassing both auditory and visual domains. They also underscore the distinct cognitive strategies employed by males and females in spatial processing. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of sex differences in spatial cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ejn.70226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Vision: Response of the Mouse Visual Cortex to Multimodal Stimulation","authors":"Antonio Caballero Tapia,&nbsp;Guy Cheron,&nbsp;Dominique Ristori,&nbsp;Lutgarde Arckens,&nbsp;Laurence Ris","doi":"10.1111/ejn.70225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensory perception emerges from the integration of multiple inputs from different sensory modalities, a process previously attributed to higher-order cortices. However, increasing evidence suggests that the primary visual cortex also processes nonvisual stimuli. Here, we investigated the response of the primary visual cortex to visual, auditory and somatosensory stimuli in awake, head-fixed mice using evoked local field potentials, multi- and single-unit recordings. Our results demonstrate that the primary visual cortex responds to auditory and somatosensory inputs with distinct frequency band modulations and firing rate patterns across monocular and binocular regions. Notably, somatosensory stimuli elicited the fastest response latencies, suggesting a privileged role in murine sensory processing. Auditory and somatosensory stimuli modulated the primary visual cortex activity similarly to contralateral visual inputs, whereas ipsilateral visual stimulation resulted in weaker responses. These findings indicate that the primary visual cortex is not solely dedicated to vision but also responds to auditory and somatosensory stimuli, supporting a potential role in multisensory processing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11993,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}