European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Cover Picture: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 7/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Oyster-Water-Soluble Protein–EGCG–Linseed Oil-Emulsion System and Its Lipid Oxidation Stability During Storage and In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion","authors":"Yang Li,&nbsp;Yue Li,&nbsp;Xuening Yu,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Liu,&nbsp;Fawen Yin,&nbsp;Deyang Li,&nbsp;Pengfei Jiang,&nbsp;Dayong Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is commonly used as an antioxidant, whereas it is more hydrophilic to effectively exhibit antioxidant activities in oil/water interface of emulsions. Food-derived proteins with higher hydrophobicity can enhance the stability of oil-in-water emulsions by keeping the EGCG at the emulsion interfaces. This study utilized oyster-water-soluble protein (OWP)–EGCG complex, incorporating OWPs extracted from oysters and linseed oil to establish the emulsion system. Optimal conditions for preparing the emulsion were found to be at concentration of 1 mg/mL and 10% oil phase, resulting in the smallest particle size and highest absolute value of zeta potential. Various analyses, including particle size, zeta potential, laser confocal microscopy, cold-field scanning electron microscopy, and three-phase contact angle indicated that ratio of 1:0.05 (OWPs to EGCG) provided the best emulsion stability and antioxidant effects during storage, whereas the ratio of 1:0.1 showed the highest in vitro antioxidant stability during gastrointestinal digestion. Notably, the low ratio (1:0.025) of EGCG led to pro-oxidation, as evidenced by increased levels of 2,4-heptadienal and 2,4-decadienal during storage.</p>\u0000 <p><i>Practical Application</i>: This study offers essential insights for creating stable, antioxidant oil-in-water emulsions that utilize proteins derived from food sources and EGCG. It illustrates the importance of optimizing the ratio of protein to EGCG, which is vital not only for enhancing emulsion stability and antioxidant effectiveness during storage but also for facilitating proper antioxidant release during the digestion process. The results underline the potential for pro-oxidation at lower concentrations of EGCG, providing researchers with a method to mitigate this adverse effect in product formulation. This understanding is readily applicable to the design of functional foods, beverages, and systems for delivering nutraceuticals, where it is crucial to control the release and protect oxidation-sensitive bioactive compounds (such as linseed oil) in emulsified forms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms, Causes, and Solutions: A Comprehensive Review of Lipid Oxidation in Low-Moisture Packaged Snacks","authors":"Rebecca L. Mora,&nbsp;Sanket P. Vanare,&nbsp;Ronald B. Pegg","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-moisture packaged snacks—such as crackers, granola bars, cookies, and cereals—account for a substantial portion of saturated fats in the diet, predominantly of young consumers, which can lead to chronic health issues such as obesity, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. Simply replacing a considerable portion of saturated fats with unsaturated ones in manufactured foods is often challenging or not feasible, as it compromises the oxidative stability of the product. Accelerated lipid oxidation results in quality degradation and reduced shelf life of the foodstuff, ultimately leading to food waste and considerable economic losses. This review aims to study the mechanisms and factors influencing lipid oxidation in low-moisture packaged snacks by analyzing current literature on lipid oxidation processes and the effectiveness of various inhibition strategies; these include the employment of antioxidants and packaging technologies as well as methods to improve the oxidative stability of the products, thereby enhancing their shelf life, nutritional value, and overall contribution to consumer health. Addressing these challenges is critical for improving public health and reducing food waste.</p><p><i>Practical Applications</i>: Lipid oxidation is a fundamental quality determinant in low-moisture packaged snacks, and a clear understanding of its mechanisms and prevention strategies is essential for food scientists, product developers, and quality assurance teams in the snack food industry. This review offers a detailed examination of the stages of lipid oxidation and the factors influencing its progression. By effectively managing lipid oxidation, food manufacturers can significantly reduce food waste, extend product shelf life, and lower costs associated with quality degradation. Moreover, these strategies support sustainable food production by reducing both waste and resource consumption, aligning with industry goals for environmental responsibility. Implementing these practices also enables companies to meet evolving regulatory standards, especially given the increasing demand for natural ingredients. Embracing these approaches not only fosters innovative product formulations but also opens new market opportunities, ensuring that companies remain competitive in a dynamic and growing industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African Walnut (Plukenetia conophora)-Fortified Yoghurt: Fatty Acids, Oxidative Stability, Physicochemical Properties, and Sensory Attributes During Chill Storage","authors":"Kazeem D. Adeyemi,&nbsp;Zainab O. Sulaymon,&nbsp;Yetunde R. Oluwasegun,&nbsp;Olubunmi Atolani","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the impact of fortifying yoghurt with African walnut (<i>Plukenetia conophora</i>) on its fatty acid (FA) profile, physicochemical properties, microbial profile, oxidative stability, and sensory attributes. Yoghurts made from cow milk were fortified with 0%, 1%, or 2% African walnut (AW) paste and evaluated over 14 days of refrigerated storage. AW fortification increased crude fat, phytochemical constituents, and concentrations of C18:1<i>n</i> − 9 and C18:3<i>n</i> − 3 while reducing C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). FA composition remained stable in AW-fortified yoghurts, but the control showed an increase in saturated FAs and a reduction in C18:1<i>n</i> − 9 and C18:3<i>n</i> − 3 over time. Although color, <i>Lactobacillus</i> count, and lipid oxidation were unaffected, carbonyl content and syneresis decreased with AW fortification. Sensory results showed that younger assessors (19–39 years) preferred the control yoghurt, whereas older assessors (40–52 years) favored the 2% AW-enriched yoghurt for its taste, texture, and overall quality. Principal component analysis revealed that AW fortification significantly influenced the quality attributes of yoghurt during chilled storage, with AW-2 samples showing improved compositional integrity and reduced quality deterioration over time. AW fortification improved yoghurt's nutritional value and oxidative stability, making it a promising functional food, especially for older consumers.</p>\u0000 <p><i>Practical Applications</i>: Yoghurts are typically high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) but low in <i>n</i> − 3 fatty acids. A high intake of SFAs can pose health risks, highlighting the need to increase the <i>n</i> − 3 fatty acid content in yoghurt. Fortification with African walnut boosts C18:3<i>n</i> − 3 levels and reduces SFAs, making the yoghurt a healthier choice. In addition, the reduced carbonyl content and syneresis indicate an extended shelf life and improved quality. The age-related sensory preferences observed in this study suggest that African walnut–enriched yoghurt may be more appealing to older consumers, who value overall quality. This fortification could lead to the development of functional foods tailored to different age groups, encouraging healthier eating habits. Processors can use this approach to create yoghurt products with enhanced health benefits, addressing consumer demand for nutritious and functional dairy options.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse Micelles Dually Influence the Efficient Inhibition of the Heat-Induced Oxidation of Camellia Oil by Epigallocatechin Gallate and Epigallocatechin","authors":"Guiwei Leng,&nbsp;Likang Qin,&nbsp;Haiyan Zhong,&nbsp;Yue Chen,&nbsp;Yong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reverse micelles ubiquitously assemble in the presence of water and amphiphilic substances in edible oils and are the primary locations for oxidation-related reactions. This study revealed the role of reverse micelles in controlling the efficiencies of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC) in suppressing the heating-induced deterioration of camellia oil. Using hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes, and carbonylic compounds, we determined that reverse micelles could dually regulate the efficiencies of EGCG and EGC in suppressing the degradation of camellia oil. In particular, reverse micelles in an aliquot containing 500 µmol/kg EGC positively controlled EGC activity; however, those containing 500, 10, and 10 µmol/kg of EGCG, EGC, and EGCG, respectively, showed negative effects to corresponding phenolic compounds. Thus, the influence of reverse micelles depends on the concentration and polarity of phenolic compounds. This study provides a new perspective for the development of antioxidant strategies for camellia oil.</p>\u0000 <p><i>Practical Application</i>: This study highlights the critical role of reverse micelles in modulating the antioxidant efficiency of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC) in camellia oil. Understanding how reverse micelles influence these antioxidants’ activity depending on their concentration and polarity provides valuable insight for optimizing antioxidant formulations in edible oils. These results can guide the design of more effective antioxidant delivery systems or processing conditions to enhance the oxidative stability and shelf life of camellia oil and potentially other edible oils.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Validated GC-FID Method for Determination of Very Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (C24–C30 n − 3) in Triglyceride Fish Oils","authors":"Harald Svensen,&nbsp;Geir Frode Olsen,&nbsp;John-Erik Haugen","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A quantitative and in-house validated gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) method for the analysis of methyl esters of very long chain (C24–C30, 4–8 double bonds) polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) in triglyceride (TG) fish oils has been developed. Quantification of VLC-PUFA was obtained by use of empirical response factors relative to the long-chain PUFA DHA. The identification of VLC-PUFA was achieved using GC-positive chemical ionization-mass spectroscopy (PCI-MS) and electron ionization-mass spectroscopy (EI-MS) fragmentation patterns. Method performance parameters have been investigated: Results showed a high linearity (<i>r</i> = 0.999, <i>n</i> = 15, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), an overall accuracy/recovery of 98% ± 0.3%, repeatability of 0.8%, and precision of 1.7%. Limit of detection of individual VLC-PUFA was in the range of 0.2 mg/g (<i>S</i>/<i>N</i> = 3). The results have shown that the GC-FID method is applicable for quantifying the levels of individual VLC-PUFA and the total amount of VLC-PUFA levels in TG fish oils in the range of 20–70 mg/g fish oil.</p>\u0000 <p><i>Practical Applications</i>: Our results have shown that it is possible to obtain a routine quantitative determination of the methyl esters of the individual VLC-PUFA in triglyceride fish oils after an initial GC-EI-MS and GC-PCI-MS confirmation of the fatty acid structures. Investigation of method performance parameters has shown that our requirements for linearity, accuracy, repeatability, precision, and limit of quantification and detection have been met. The results show that the GC-FID method is able to quantify the total amount of VLC-PUFA levels in triglyceride fish oils in the range of 20–70 mg/g fish oil. This method may represent a useful tool for determining VLC-PUFA content in commercial fish oil products. The method could also have the potential to be used with other types of lipids, such as ethyl esters, free fatty acids, phospholipids, wax esters, and even extracts of biological samples.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pushing Poly(Limonene Carbonate) Toward Commercial Applications: Bio-Based Poly(Menth-1-Ene Carbonate)-Graft-Poly(n-Butyl Acrylate) With Tailored Graft Density","authors":"Marcel Höferth,&nbsp;Holger Schmalz,&nbsp;Andreas Greiner","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(limonene carbonate) (PLimC) is a promising material in the search for bio-based alternatives to fossil-based plastics, such as poly(styrene) and bisphenol A-based polycarbonates. PLimC is made from orange waste-derived limonene oxide (LimO) and CO₂. The brittle behavior of PLimC remains a challenge for industrial applications. A possible solution could be the introduction of low <i>T</i>_g polymer grafts. The terpolymerization of <i>trans-</i>LimO, <i>trans-</i>menth-1-ene oxide (Men1O), and CO₂ was shown to yield a terpolymer that can be used as a platform for controlled functionalization and tailored graft copolymerization. To transform the terpolymer into a macroinitiator for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), the PLimC double bonds were post-modified with hydroxyl groups via thiol-ene click reaction of 2-mercaptoethanol and subsequently esterified with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiB). <i>n</i>-Butyl acrylate (<i>n</i>BA) was chosen as a bio-based monomer for grafting-from copolymerization to introduce low <i>T</i>_g side chains that increase the ductility of the otherwise brittle PLimC. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used to show the narrow molecular weight distribution of the side chains. Non-wovens made from PMen1C-<i>g</i>-P<i>n</i>BA were produced via electrospinning. PMen1C-<i>g</i>-P<i>n</i>BA was added as a compatibilizer for blends of PLimC and poly(<i>n</i>-butyl acrylate) (P<i>n</i>BA) and as a toughening agent for PLimC.</p><p><i>Practical Applications</i>: PMen1C-<i>g</i>-P<i>n</i>BA shows tunable mechanical properties by variation of P<i>n</i>BA content and graft density. Poly(limonene carbonate)’s brittle nature could be compensated by addition of PMen1C-<i>g</i>-P<i>n</i>BA, therefore opening up many possible industrial applications for PLimC to replace common fossil-based plastics. Additionally, filter applications of PMen1C-<i>g</i>-P<i>n</i>BA as sustainable electrospun non-wovens are possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fats and Oils as Renewable Feedstock for the Chemical Industry","authors":"J. O. Metzger,&nbsp;Ursula Biermann,&nbsp;Thomas Seidensticker","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70036","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Fats and oils have long served as renewable feedstocks for the chemical industry, traditionally applied in the production of soaps, surfactants, lubricants, and cosmetic ingredients. Today, they are of growing interest not only in the context of food and energy—where global consumption of vegetable oils surpassed 200 million metric tons in 2023 [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]—but also as sources of renewable carbon for materials and platform chemicals [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;]. Their molecular structure offers a unique duality: a functional group amenable to classical transformations and a hydrocarbon-rich alkyl chain that remains underexploited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite substantial developments, most large-scale applications of oleochemistry still focus on the functionalization of the carboxylic acid group. However, in light of pressing global challenges—climate change, resource scarcity, and the need for more regionalized value chains—it is time to rethink oleochemistry with a stronger emphasis on the alkyl chain. Unlocking the potential of this saturated or unsaturated backbone could enable access to biobased building blocks for polymers and high-performance materials, helping to reshape the chemical industry on a more sustainable foundation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Compared to lignocellulosic biomass, fats and oils offer immediate advantages: they are aliphatic, oxygen-poor, relatively pure, and processable with established methods. Moreover, existing large-scale production infrastructure can directly be used and extended. Locally grown plant oils and microbially derived lipids—produced via fermentation of agro-industrial sidestreams or even CO₂—are particularly attractive in building more resilient, regionally anchored supply chains. By fostering innovation in this area, we can not only support global sustainability targets but also stimulate national and European leadership in specialty chemicals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In particular, the functionalization of the saturated alkyl chain remains largely unexplored. While some enzymatic methods introduce new functionalities, chemo- and biocatalytic strategies for selective C–H functionalization are still in their infancy in this context. Reactions such as borylations, aminations, oxygenations, halogenations, and desaturations hold great potential, especially when regioselectivity can be finely tuned.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;At the 12th Workshop on Fats and Oils as Renewable Resources for the Chemical Industry in June 2024, promising contributions addressed these future directions (Book of Abstracts can be found under: http://www.abiosus.org/docs/Book_of_Abstracts_2024.pdf)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Karol Grela&lt;/b&gt; (University of Warsaw) presented a scalable ethenolysis of technical methyl oleate using ppm-level Ru catalysts, while &lt;b&gt;Lukas Gooßen&lt;/b&gt; (University of Bochum) demonstrated the potential of isomerizing metathesis [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;] and decarboxylative ketonization for fatty acid valorization. The special issue also includes a review by &lt;b&gt;Frank Hollmann&lt;/b&gt; (TU Delft) on &lt;i&gt;Biocata","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Liposomal Delivery of Naringenin and Berberine for Browning Adipose Tissue and Obesity Management","authors":"Elif Didem Örs Demet,&nbsp;Kübra Uçar Baş,&nbsp;Aslıhan Alpaslan,&nbsp;Dilem Tuğal Aslan,&nbsp;Tuba Reçber,&nbsp;Tuğba Gülsün,&nbsp;Mustafa Çelebier,&nbsp;Zeynep Göktaş","doi":"10.1002/ejlt.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.70033","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Naringenin (N) and berberine (B) have been shown to enhance energy expenditure by promoting browning in white adipose tissue (WAT), but their free forms have low stability and bioavailability. This study aimed to develop novel biocompatible and biodegradable liposomes to encapsulate N and B, enhancing their stability and bioavailability. We also investigated the effects of these liposomal formulations compared to their free forms on thermogenesis and browning in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. The expression of key proteins (uncoupling protein 1 [UCP1], peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha [PGC-1α], peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma [PPARγ]) and genes related to browning and adipogenesis (&lt;i&gt;UCP1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;PPARγ&lt;/i&gt;, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein [&lt;i&gt;C/EBP&lt;/i&gt;]β, &lt;i&gt;PGC-1α&lt;/i&gt;, cell death–inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha–like effector A [&lt;i&gt;CIDEA&lt;/i&gt;], fatty acid–binding protein 4 [&lt;i&gt;FABP4&lt;/i&gt;], PR domain containing 16 [&lt;i&gt;PRDM16&lt;/i&gt;]) was evaluated following treatment with different dosages of liposomal and free N and B during cell differentiation and maturation. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, and protein levels were measured by ELISA, with statistical significance set at &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05. We successfully synthesized biocompatible and biodegradable liposomes. High-dose liposomal N significantly increased &lt;i&gt;UCP1&lt;/i&gt; gene expression (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.035), whereas high-dose liposomal B significantly boosted &lt;i&gt;UCP1&lt;/i&gt; expression (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002) and reduced triglyceride levels during differentiation (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay confirmed that all compounds were safe after 24 h, with some adverse effects observed at 48 h. In conclusion, stable liposomes containing N and B were successfully synthesized. Liposomal N increased &lt;i&gt;UCP1&lt;/i&gt; expression, whereas liposomal B not only increased &lt;i&gt;UCP1&lt;/i&gt; expression but also reduced triglyceride levels during differentiation. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings and explore their potential in treating obesity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Practical Application&lt;/i&gt;: The results of this study highlight the potential use of liposomal delivery systems for naringenin and berberine in obesity management. Liposomal encapsulation enhances the stability, bioavailability, and sustained release of these compounds, making them more effective in promoting the browning of white adipose tissue. This browning process increases energy expenditure and reduces lipid accumulation, which can aid in weight loss and improve metabolic health. Liposomal berberine, in particular, shows significant potential in inducing browning and reducing triglyceride levels during the early stages of adipocyte development. These findings suggest that liposomal naringenin and berberine could be developed into therapeutic interventions for obesity, with further in vivo studies n","PeriodicalId":11988,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology","volume":"127 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejlt.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}