Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"A bioavailability model for chronic silver toxicity to the freshwater alga Raphidocelis subcapitata.","authors":"Nada Bašić, Stephen Lofts, Charlotte Nys, Gijs Du Laing, Karel A C De Schamphelaere","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silver (Ag) is widely used across industries and in society, leading to releases into fresh waters. To implement bioavailability-based environmental quality standards, robust tools are needed to account for site-specific water chemistry. While an acute biotic ligand model (BLM) exists for Ag, a chronic model is lacking. Here, we investigated the influence of key water chemistry variables-pH, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride, and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration-on chronic silver toxicity to Raphidocelis subcapitata, across conditions representing 90% of European rivers, and developed a chronic bioavailability model. Two NOM sources and NOM fractions (humic and fulvic) were compared. NOM exerted the dominant protective effect on toxicity. Default Ag-NOM binding parameters in WHAM7 and default assumptions (that NOM consists of 65% active fulvic acid) could not explain NOM effects on toxicity, because computed free Ag+ activities at EC10 level were not equal across NOM concentrations. Increasing the binding strength parameters improved consistency in Ag+ activities at EC10, suggesting that default parameters underestimated Ag-NOM binding. Increasing chloride did not reduce toxicity of dissolved Ag, indicating AgCl0aq complex bioavailability, resulting in incorporation of AgCl0aq as toxicologically active in the model. Toxicity decreased with decreasing pH, and magnesium enhanced toxicity. Both effects could not be explained by classic BLM mechanisms and were incorporated empirically in the model. Model performance was evaluated against the development data set and a validation data set in which magnesium and chloride varied simultaneously. Predicted EC10s deviated up to twofold from observations, indicating good model performance. This algae model may represent a first step toward incorporating chronic bioavailability models into risk assessment frameworks for silver.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2879-2896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148250067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal variation of sewage contamination of a tropical and highly urbanized estuary.","authors":"Roxanny Helen de Arruda-Santos, Bruno Varella Motta da Costa, Célio Freire Mariz, Paulo Sérgio Martins de Carvalho, Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag183","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Capibaribe Estuarine System (CES, NE Brazil) is an ecosystem of ecological and socioeconomic relevance but undergoes intense degradation from anthropogenic activities, especially sewage dumping. This study evaluated contamination by linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LASs) in water and linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) in sediments at seven stations in the CES during the dry and rainy seasons. The LAS concentrations ranged from 0.05-1.53 mg L-1 (median of 0.12 mg L-1), exceeding the Brazilian legal limit of 0.2 mg L-1 and the predicted no effect concentration of 0.031 mg L-1 for marine organisms, indicating a potential risk to aquatic organisms. Effluent outflow from sewage treatment plants (STPs) was higher during the rainy season, resulting in a tendency for increased LAS concentration in the surface estuarine waters. Most sediments showed moderate LAB contamination (200-2000 ng g-1) in both seasons, with an exception observed near an STP, during the rainy season. In the dry season, LAB spatial distribution was mainly regulated by the proximity of sewage sources, whereas in the rainy season, sediment grain size was an important factor. Linear alkylbenzene degradation did not vary seasonally due to high temperatures and the net heterotrophic conditions of the environment, which favor degradation year round. The highest LAS and LAB concentrations were recorded in the middle estuary, the area most affected by sewage and with high turbidity. The data indicates the need for special attention from environmental authorities and will support effective management plans to mitigate current and future pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2853-2866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and trophic dynamics of microplastic bioaccumulation in copepods and jellyfish of Matagorda Bay, Texas.","authors":"Elizabeth Everett, Leisha Martin, Jordan Askew, Adam Mitchell, Frauke Seemann","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag185","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastic (MP) bioaccumulation and biomagnification in marine food webs remains poorly understood, specifically trophic transfer from primary consumers to higher trophic levels. Although MP transfer has been studied in various organisms, including fish, crustaceans, and gelatinous zooplankton, most existing research relies on short-term laboratory studies or simple field investigations lacking data on seasonal variations. This study fills that gap by tracking MP ingestion and transfer over time, across spatial gradients, and among developmental stages in Matagorda Bay, Texas. Field-collected samples of the copepod Acartia tonsa and the jellyfish Stomolophus meleagris were examined, and laboratory exposures to assess MP body burden, survival, and morphological effects were conducted. Seasonal differences in MP concentrations and ingestion patterns were observed, with higher MP burdens correlating with rainfall and runoff. Laboratory exposures revealed increased MP accumulation in both copepods and jellyfish, along with a significant reduction in jellyfish bell diameter over time. The findings revealed notable trends in seasonal variation, species-specific MP uptake, and potential sublethal impacts on zooplankton and gelatinous predators. This study advances overall understanding of MP trophic dynamics in estuarine food webs and verifies the need for temporally resolved multi-trophic assessments. The findings contribute to and necessitate further long-term, multi-trophic monitoring to inform mitigation strategies for MP contamination in coastal ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3072-3082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of bioaccumulation thresholds for Hyalella azteca and fish relative to different environmental protection goals.","authors":"Leslie J Saunders, Delina Y Lyon","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag175","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioaccumulation assessment is a key component of chemical regulations, with fish-based bioconcentration factors (BCFs) serving as the standard metric. Because conventional fish BCF tests (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] Test Guideline 305) require many vertebrates, alternative tests such as the amphipod Hyalella azteca bioconcentration test (Test Guideline 321) have been developed. However, physiological and ecological differences between fish and aquatic invertebrates affect chemical uptake and elimination, raising uncertainty when applying fish-based BCF thresholds directly to invertebrate data. In this study, empirical and model-based approaches were combined to compare bioaccumulation potential in H. azteca and fish. An evaluation of empirical BCFs showed consistent categorizations between H. azteca and fish for nonbioaccumulative chemicals (log KOW ≤4.5) and for recalcitrant organochlorines categorized as bioaccumulative or very bioaccumulative. In contrast, for biotransformed chemicals, H. azteca BCFs frequently exceeded fish BCFs and often surpassed regulatory thresholds, reflecting the amphipod's lower metabolic capacity. A food chain bioaccumulation model was used to assess the influence of chemical parameters (e.g., KOW, biotransformation rate constant) and biological parameters (e.g., metabolic capacity). At log KOW 5, amphipod BCFs were lower than fish BCFs for poorly biotransformed chemicals. Yet, at log KOW ≥5, moderately to highly biotransformed chemicals showed higher BCFs in amphipods than fish BCFs and biomagnification metrics (biomagnification factor, trophic magnification factor), indicating potential overestimation of bioaccumulation potential. These findings highlight potential misalignment in bioaccumulation assessment outcomes when amphipod BCFs substitute fish data. Applying tiered, weight-of-evidence assessment frameworks that integrate multiple bioaccumulation metrics with biotransformation information can strengthen the scientific robustness of assessments and contextualize results from the H. azteca bioconcentration test.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3138-3153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Native bacteria mitigate diuron and copper toxicity to microalgae isolated from a chronically contaminated coastal lagoon.","authors":"Francesca Arici, Giulia Cheloni, Lucie Nimod, Maëlle Jarno, Emilie Le Floc'h, Cécile Roques, Ariane Atteia, Christophe Leboulanger, Chrystelle Montigny, Elodie Foucault, Claire Gassié, Marisol Goñi-Urriza, Rémy Guyoneaud, Olivier Pringault, Laurie Casalot, Eric Fouilland","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag186","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In natural environments, microalgae are invariably associated with bacteria, yet the role of these microbial consortia in modulating microalgal physiological responses to chemical stress remains largely unexplored. This study investigates whether native bacterial communities enhance the tolerance of field-isolated microalgae to toxic compounds. Microalgae-bacteria consortia were isolated from the Mediterranean coastal Or Lagoon (South of France), chronically affected by herbicides and trace metals. The chlorophyte Chlamydomonas sp. Or2023a and the diatom Entomoneis sp. Or2023b were isolated and axenized. Both axenic and xenic cultures were exposed to the herbicide diuron and the trace metal copper in 72-hr dose-response assessments, following the evaluation of the bacterial diversity of their native phycosphere. Both isolates displayed elevated intrinsic tolerance, particularly Entomoneis sp., whose effect concentration inhibiting 50% of growth (half-maximal effective concentration or EC50) values (77 µg L-1 for diuron; 109 µg L-1 for free ion copper) exceeded most published benchmarks for marine diatoms, a pattern consistent with possible prior selection or acclimation to chronic chemical exposure. Beyond this baseline, native bacteria further modulated sensitivity in a species- and compound-specific manner. In Chlamydomonas sp., bacteria mitigated diuron toxicity (EC50 from 6-11 µg L-1), although at the cost of reduced growth under nonstressed conditions, suggesting a growth-defense trade-off. In Entomoneis sp., bacteria alleviated copper toxicity (∼30% EC50 increase) and induced hormetic growth responses, consistent with copper bioavailability regulation by metal-tolerant Rhodobacteraceae dominating its phycosphere. These findings suggest that microalgal sensitivity to contaminants is jointly shaped by environmental history and native microbial consortia, underscoring the need to incorporate field-isolated algal-bacterial assemblages into ecotoxicological frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3083-3099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation and effects of a common pesticide mix found in agricultural runoffs on growth, survival, and reproduction of great pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis).","authors":"Jared Sparr, Isabelle Lavoie, Anne Crémazy, Lounes Haroune, Lise Parent, Patrick Bergeron","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag179","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mixtures of pesticides from agricultural runoff can affect non-targeted freshwater organisms and pose ecological risks even at low concentrations. Yet, ecotoxicity is rarely assessed using pesticide mixtures found at environmental concentrations under natural, fluctuating habitat conditions. This study aimed at assessing the chronic toxicity of a pesticide mixture on the model species great pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) over a 40-day period using semi-natural outdoor mesocosms. The pesticide mixture was prepared to reflect environmental levels of agrochemicals commonly found in freshwater streams surrounding corn/soybean farming in southern Québec, Canada. It included 7 pesticides (herbicides: Atrazine, S-metolachlor, glyphosate; insecticides: Clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and chlorantraniliprole). These pesticides were tested at environmental concentrations and at 2- and 10-fold reductions from these water concentrations to observe potential benefits from reduction in pesticide use. There was no effect of the pesticide mixture on overall snail survival. However, the 0.5× and 1× pesticide mixture increased average snail body mass by disproportionately decreasing the proportion of smaller snails. Also, pesticide accumulation was highest in biofilm for atrazine (0.0014-0.0256 nmol/g wet wt), then s-metolachlor (0.0018-0.0126 nmol/g), glyphosate's metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (0.0002-0.0038 nmol/g), chlorantraniliprole (0.007 nmol/g), and lastly glyphosate (0.0006 nmol/g). Bioaccumulation was highest in snails for S-metolachlor (0.0185-0.0467 nmol/g wet wt), then atrazine (0.0049-0.0246 nmol/g), aminomethylphosphonic acid (0.0002-0.0074 nmol/g), chlorantraniliprole (0.0005-0.0025 nmol/g), glyphosate (0.0010-0.0021 nmol/g), imidacloprid (0.0003-0.0005 nmol/g), and lastly clothianidin (0.0001 nmol/g). We found that concentrations of pesticides in snails were determined by an interaction between biofilm pesticide concentrations and water pesticide concentrations. Our results highlight that pesticide mixtures under semi-natural conditions can produce complex interacting effects on non-target organism's body mass and bioaccumulation of chemicals that could be considered when establishing pesticide-usage policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3034-3053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation of polypropylene microplastics within freshwater substrate biofilms alters microbial assembly processes and functionality.","authors":"Chun Wang, Xuan Wang, Yanping Zhang, Mingcan Cai, Shuangshuang Li","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag172","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater biofilms are vital to biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems. However, there has been limited in-depth investigation into the impact of polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs)-newly emerging pollutants-on their functional performance. This study investigated the effects of PP-MPs on the physiology, community structure, and functional performance of freshwater biofilms. Experimental analyses were conducted to assess the accumulation of 200 μm PP-MPs by biofilms, along with physiological and ecological responses, and alterations in microbial community structure and function. The results demonstrated significant accumulation of PP-MPs by biofilms, with the MP concentration within biofilms increasing with water-column MP concentration, yet reaching a saturation threshold when the water-column concentration reached 150 mg/L. Physiological assessments revealed that low-concentration PP-MPs (≤100 mg/L) promoted extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion, whereas high concentrations (≥150 mg/L) suppressed EPS production and decreased chlorophyll-a content, suggesting a potential negative effect on photosynthetic activity and carbon fixation. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity indicated cell membrane damage under high PP-MPs exposure conditions. Microbial community analysis revealed that high concentrations of PP-MPs significantly reduced biofilm α-diversity and modified the relative abundance of dominant phyla (e.g., Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria), suggesting potential effects on carbon, nitrogen, iron, and phosphorus cycling. Functional profiling further revealed disruptions in key metabolic pathways, including pentose metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. These findings provide critical insights into the ecological risks of PP-MPs in freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3000-3014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping lead distribution in Bahar plain's farmlands: A synergy of Sentinel-2 spectral analysis and soil sampling.","authors":"Reza Khavari Farid, Ghasem Rahimi, Mustafa Azimi Niaz","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag160","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb), poses significant risks to agricultural soil health and food safety. This study investigates Pb contamination in the Bahar plain, a key agricultural region in Iran, by integrating Sentinel-2 satellite imagery with some ground-based soil sampling and laboratory analysis. Forty topsoil samples were collected systematically and analyzed for Pb content, physicochemical properties, and spatial distribution relative to a major roadway. A predictive model was developed using spectral indices (e.g., Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index, and Weighted Difference Vegetation Index) and multivariate regression to estimate Pb levels from satellite data, achieving a strong Pearson correlation (r = 0.79) between lab-measured and model-predicted values. Results indicated that total Pb contents (15.17-42.62 mg/kg) were within permissible limits for calcareous soils, except near urban-industrial zones. Contrary to expectations, Pb levels increased with distance from the road, likely due to decades of chemical fertilizer use in central farmlands. The study demonstrates the efficacy of combining remote sensing and limited ground data for large-scale Pb monitoring, providing a framework for sustainable soil management and contamination risk mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2831-2839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulative contaminants in New Hampshire common loon eggs indicate widespread exposure to persistent organic pollutants.","authors":"Tiffany J Grade, R Wesley Flynn, Harry S Vogel","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag184","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The common loon is a piscivorous bird whose populations have been impacted by human activities, including mortality and/or reduced productivity from lead fishing tackle, habitat loss, human disturbance, and elevated levels of mercury. In New Hampshire, the loon is listed as state threatened due to its slow recovery from historical population declines, current high rates of anthropogenic mortality, and declining productivity rates despite intensive management. The extent to which loons are exposed to persistent organic contaminants that could affect population health is not well understood. We quantified legacy contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCB], polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [PCDD], polychlorinated dibenzofurans [PCDF], organochlorine pesticides, trace elements) and contaminants of emerging concern (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances [PFAS], brominated diphenyl ethers [BDE]) in 92 common loon eggs collected from 28 lakes between 1993 and 2021 in New Hampshire. We measured egg size and eggshell thickness to assess potential relationships with contaminant exposure. Egg burdens of 9PFAS ranged from 58.4 to 1,587.4 ng/g wet weight, 6BDE from 9.3 to 336.5 ng/g, 209PCB from 398 to 12,849 ng/g, PCDD/PCDF from 5.4 to 55.5 pg/g toxic equivalency factor, total dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane from 132.8 to 974.0 ng/g, and total chlordane from 10.4 to 131.1 ng/g. Contaminant levels in 65% of eggs exceeded the lowest observed effect levels seen in other bird species for at least one contaminant class. Ordination and clustering analysis detected an inverse correlation between egg morphology and burdens of BDE, organochlorine pesticides, PCDD/PCDF, and PCB. Further monitoring of contaminants in loon eggs is warranted to assess levels of contaminants in New Hampshire lakes, the relative contributions of spatial and temporal variation to exposure risk, and how coexposure to multiple contaminant classes and other anthropogenic and environmental stressors could influence the health of loon populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"3054-3071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148455129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution compounds in human teeth in a Mexican metropolitan area.","authors":"María José Mora-Reyna, Myriam Angélica De la Garza-Ramos, Guillermo Cano-Verdugo, Guillermo Cruz-Palma, Tania Carola Padilla-Cáceres, Victor Urrutia-Baca","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag166","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental pollution accounts for ∼7 million deaths worldwide each year. The Monterrey metropolitan area (MMA), México-one of Latin America's most polluted regions-has seen significant increases in exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, particles that carry heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, and Sn, which can be absorbed by the body, causing neurological, renal, respiratory, metabolic, and reproductive disorders. Despite their known toxicity, there is limited research on bioaccumulation in dental tissues and its oral health implications. This observational cross-sectional study evaluated heavy metal levels in the teeth of MMA residents. Sixty-seven extracted teeth were collected and sectioned to separate the enamel and dentin. An Agilent 240FS AA atomic absorption spectrometer was used to measure heavy metal levels. The results demonstrated that heavy metal concentrations varied significantly by dental structure and geographic location. Specifically, Salinas Victoria showed the highest mean Pb levels, whereas Apodaca and General Zuazua had the highest Zn and Sn levels, respectively. Although Hg levels were too low for statistical analysis, significant differences in metal distribution were found between enamel and dentin across several municipalities. Statistical analysis revealed a strong association between heavy metal accumulation and variables such as occupation, length of residence, and, to a lesser extent, the specific municipality. This study confirms that enamel and dentin are effective biomarkers of heavy metal exposure in urban populations, such as the MMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2958-2965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}