Engineering最新文献_第8页

Innovative Inverse-Design Approach for On-Chip Computational Spectrometers: Enhanced Performance and Reliability 片上计算光谱仪的创新反设计方法：提高性能和可靠性

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.011

Ang Li , Yifan Wu , Gongyuan Zhang , Chang Wang , Jijun He , Yaqi Shi , Zongyin Yang , Shilong Pan

{"title":"Innovative Inverse-Design Approach for On-Chip Computational Spectrometers: Enhanced Performance and Reliability","authors":"Ang Li , Yifan Wu , Gongyuan Zhang , Chang Wang , Jijun He , Yaqi Shi , Zongyin Yang , Shilong Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational spectrometers utilizing disordered structures have emerged as promising solutions for meeting the imperative demand for integrated spectrometers, offering high performance and improved resilience to fabrication variations and temperature fluctuations. However, the current computational spectrometers are impractical because they rely on a brute-force random design approach for disordered structures. This leads to an uncontrollable, non-reproducible, and suboptimal spectrometer performance. In this study, we revolutionize the existing paradigm by introducing a novel inverse design approach for computational spectrometers. By harnessing the power of inverse design, which has traditionally been applied to optimize single devices with simple performance, we successfully adapted it to optimize a complex system comprising multiple correlated components with intricate spectral responses. This approach can be applied to a wide range of structures. We validated this by realizing a spectrometer utilizing a new type of disordered structure based on interferometric effects that exhibits negligible loss and high sensitivity. For a given structure, our approach yielded a remarkable 12-times improvement in the spectral resolution and a four-fold reduction in the cross-correlation between the filters. The resulting spectrometer demonstrated reliable and reproducible performance with the precise determination of structural parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expert Panel Recommends Major Update for Key Rainfall Metric

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.10.009

Mitch Leslie (Senior Technology Writer)

引用次数: 0

Geothermal Power Potential Heats Up

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.10.008

Mitch Leslie (Senior Technology Writer)

引用次数: 0

Petrochemical Industry for the Future

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.017

Yao Zhang , Enhui Xing , Wei Han , Panfeng Yang , Song Zhang , Su Liu , Dongxue Cao , Mingfeng Li

{"title":"Petrochemical Industry for the Future","authors":"Yao Zhang , Enhui Xing , Wei Han , Panfeng Yang , Song Zhang , Su Liu , Dongxue Cao , Mingfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Petroleum has played a vital role as the major supplier of materials and energy during the evolution of human civilization. Given the change in demand for energy from high to low carbon and ultimately net zero carbon, the energy framework has undergone revolutionary changes. The energy attribute of petroleum will be gradually weakened, while the material and CO<sub>2</sub> emission attributes will be gradually strengthened. Thus, the petrochemical processing basis, scientific concepts, and ideas will undergo major adjustments to reshape the petrochemical industry. Hence, it is necessary to reconsider the evolution of the petrochemical industry from a historical perspective and to clarify the historical causes, development contexts, and possible challenges in future development. Herein, we critically reassess the key drivers and rules guiding the development of the petrochemical industry and propose a reconstruction strategy based on simplified engineering thinking, innate nature of energy and material, and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, which can be realized through the integration of gasification with CO as the target product and recent C1 chemistry targeting the precise synthesis of chemicals. The concept of the petrochemical industry will change from the product-based process of selection and transformation of raw material molecules to the process of carbon atom reconfiguration driven by product CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. More accurate management of C atoms can be accomplished with greatly improved utilization efficiency and the reduction of separation intensity and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions via the stepwise introduction of a new approach in the current petrochemical industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 99-114"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143326457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Re-Evaluating Challenges and Solutions in Wastewater Surveillance

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.023

Jing Han , Zhou-Hua Cheng , Dong-Feng Liu, Han-Qing Yu

引用次数: 0

First RNA-Based Insecticide Reaches Market

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.10.010

Jennifer Welsh (Senior Technology Writer)

引用次数: 0

Phloretin Targets Polyphosphate Kinase 1 to Attenuate Acinetobacter baumannii Virulence and Persistence In Vitro and In Vivo

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.002

Hongfa Lv , Shufang Li , Jian Guan , Peng Zhang , Lingcong Kong , Hongxia Ma , Dan Li , Xuming Deng , Xiaodi Niu , Jianfeng Wang

{"title":"Phloretin Targets Polyphosphate Kinase 1 to Attenuate Acinetobacter baumannii Virulence and Persistence In Vitro and In Vivo","authors":"Hongfa Lv , Shufang Li , Jian Guan , Peng Zhang , Lingcong Kong , Hongxia Ma , Dan Li , Xuming Deng , Xiaodi Niu , Jianfeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>A. baumannii</em>) is well known for its virulence and persistence, particularly in intensive care units. Therefore, new strategies and candidates to treat <em>A. baumannii</em> infection are urgently needed considering the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) is required for bacterial survival as it is involved in maintaining antibiotic resistance or tolerance, pathogenesis, and adversity resistance. Multiple phenotypic assays related to virulence and persistence were performed in this study, and phloretin was shown to attenuate <em>A. baumannii</em> virulence and persistence by inhibiting PPK1 activity. Phloretin hampered mobility, interfered with biofilm formation and decreased resistance to ampicillin, heat, and hydrogen peroxide stress in <em>A. baumannii</em>. The therapeutic effect was also examined in a mouse pneumonia infection model. Molecular simulation and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that ARG-22, MET-622, ASN-57, and ARG-65 were the sites of phloretin action against PPK1. Phloretin treatment led to changes in metabolic pathways associated with <em>A. baumannii</em> virulence and persistence, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. Furthermore, phloretin alleviated pneumonic injury in a mouse pneumonia infection model <em>in vivo</em>, indicating that phloretin is a promising compound for preventing <em>A. baumannii</em> infection resistance by targeting PPK1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 258-271"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143326745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Baihetan Hydropower Station Project in Jinsha River

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.004

Chunsheng Zhang

引用次数: 0

Empowering Scenario Planning with Artificial Intelligence: A Perspective on Building Smart and Resilient Cities 用人工智能增强情景规划能力：建设智能型和抗灾型城市的视角

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.012

Haiyan Hao , Yan Wang , Jiayu Chen

{"title":"Empowering Scenario Planning with Artificial Intelligence: A Perspective on Building Smart and Resilient Cities","authors":"Haiyan Hao , Yan Wang , Jiayu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scenario planning is a powerful tool for cities to navigate uncertainties and mitigate the impacts of adverse scenarios by projecting future outcomes based on present-day decisions. This approach is becoming increasingly important given the growing call for building resilient cities to face adverse future scenarios posed by emerging disruptive technologies and climate change. However, conventional scenario planning practices predominantly rely on expert knowledge and judgment, which may be limited in accounting for the complexity of future scenarios. Therefore, we explored the potential integration of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to assist scenario planning practices. We synthesized related studies from various disciplines (e.g., engineering, computer science, and urban planning) to identify the potential applications of AI in the three key components of scenario planning: plan generation, scenario generation, and plan evaluation. We then discuss the challenges and possible solutions for integrating AI into the scenario planning process and highlight the critical role of planning experts in this process. We conclude by outlining future research opportunities in this context. Ultimately, this study contributes to the advancement of scenario planning practices and aids the creation of more resilient cities that can thrive in an uncertain future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanofluidic Manipulation of Single Nanometric Objects: Current Progress, Challenges, and Future Opportunities

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.021

Nattapong Chantipmanee , Yan Xu

{"title":"Nanofluidic Manipulation of Single Nanometric Objects: Current Progress, Challenges, and Future Opportunities","authors":"Nattapong Chantipmanee , Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manipulation of nanometric objects, encompassing both non-biological and biological objects, offers a transformative avenue for breakthroughs in diverse fields, such as chemistry, biology, chemical and biomedical engineering, materials and mechanical engineering, and various industrial applications. However, achieving accuracy, precision, and high throughput in the manipulation of nanometric objects, whether on the scale of a single nanometric entity or molecule, is a formidable challenge because of the extremely small dimensions involved. Nanofluidics has already demonstrated unique capabilities for transporting the mass of ions and small molecules at the nanoscale. We posit that chip-based nanofluidic devices provide potent strategies for the precise, accurate, and high-throughput manipulation of single nanometric entities and molecules, benefiting from their dimensions, which are comparable to those of nanometric objects. This article offers an overview of the current progress in nanofluidic manipulation of single nanometric objects. It also discusses the challenges in the development of nanofluidic manipulation technologies. Furthermore, the article explores future opportunities in the field, highlighting possible solutions to the challenges, and aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on nanofluidic manipulation, thus propelling the field to overcome its current limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages 54-71"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143326456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0