Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A Discussion on the Complexity and Transit Mechanisms of Urban Traffic Systems","authors":"Ziyou Gao , Bin Jia , Dongfan Xie , Wenxu Wang , Jianjun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustofluidics at Audible Frequencies—A Review","authors":"Chuanyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Philippe Brunet ,&nbsp;Shuo Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Guo ,&nbsp;Laurent Royon ,&nbsp;Xianming Qin ,&nbsp;Xueyong Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustofluidics is a term describing the class of phenomena in which mechanical or acoustic vibrations induce a deformation or a flow in a fluid. Many deficiencies in our understanding of these phenomena remain to be addressed, with respect to the fundamental theoretical framework as well as in numerous applications. In this regard, the frequency of external forcing is a key parameter. Owing to the low cost, substantial magnitude, and versatility associated with acoustofluidic phenomena at audible frequencies, studies of these phenomena in the audible range have emerged with increasing amount in recent years and have attracted considerable attention. However, compared with studies focusing on the ultrasonic frequency domain, critical features and information specific to audible acoustofluidics remain dispersed across many independent publications, and a systematic integration of the literature on this topic is necessary. Accordingly, this review summarizes the basic theory and methods for generating vibrations in the audible range, presents various applications thereof in biology, chemistry, and other fields, and provides a high-level overview of the current status of the topic to motivate developing interesting proposals for further research in this field of study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 51-72"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development Trends and Challenges of Additive Manufacturing Metamaterials","authors":"Bo Song ,&nbsp;Shaoji Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yusheng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 2-6"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-Aging Metabolic Reprogramming: A Unified Theory of Aging","authors":"Zhiguo Wang ,&nbsp;Baofeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite recent advances in understanding the biology of aging, the field remains fragmented due to the lack of a central organizing hypothesis. Although there are ongoing debates on whether the aging process is programmed or stochastic, it is now evident that neither perspective alone can fully explain the complexity of aging. Here, we propose the pro-aging metabolic reprogramming (PAMRP) theory, which integrates and unifies the genetic-program and stochastic hypotheses. This theory posits that aging is driven by degenerative metabolic reprogramming (MRP) over time, requiring the emergence of pro-aging substrates and triggers (PASs and PATs) to predispose cells to cellular and genetic reprogramming (CRP and GRP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge-Empowered, Collaborative, and Co-Evolving AI Models: The Post-LLM Roadmap","authors":"Fei Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Shen ,&nbsp;Thomas Bäck ,&nbsp;Jingyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Gang Huang ,&nbsp;Yaochu Jin ,&nbsp;Kun Kuang ,&nbsp;Mengze Li ,&nbsp;Cewu Lu ,&nbsp;Jiaxu Miao ,&nbsp;Yongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Wei ,&nbsp;Fan Wu ,&nbsp;Junchi Yan ,&nbsp;Hongxia Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Shengyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhou Zhao ,&nbsp;Yueting Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yunhe Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence (AI) by excelling in tasks such as understanding, generation, and reasoning across multiple modalities. Despite these achievements, LLMs have inherent limitations including outdated information, hallucinations, inefficiency, lack of interpretability, and challenges in domain-specific accuracy. To address these issues, this survey explores three promising directions in the post-LLM era: knowledge empowerment, model collaboration, and model co-evolution. First, we examine methods of integrating external knowledge into LLMs to enhance factual accuracy, reasoning capabilities, and interpretability, including incorporating knowledge into training objectives, instruction tuning, retrieval-augmented inference, and knowledge prompting. Second, we discuss model collaboration strategies that leverage the complementary strengths of LLMs and smaller models to improve efficiency and domain-specific performance through techniques such as model merging, functional model collaboration, and knowledge injection. Third, we delve into model co-evolution, in which multiple models collaboratively evolve by sharing knowledge, parameters, and learning strategies to adapt to dynamic environments and tasks, thereby enhancing their adaptability and continual learning. We illustrate how the integration of these techniques advances AI capabilities in science, engineering, and society—particularly in hypothesis development, problem formulation, problem-solving, and interpretability across various domains. We conclude by outlining future pathways for further advancement and applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 87-100"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges, Progress, and Prospects of Ultra-Long Deep Tunnels in the Extremely Complex Environment of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau","authors":"Yong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanliang Du ,&nbsp;Qixiang Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.05.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the implementation of significant national strategies and rapid socioeconomic development, many ultra-long deep tunnels are being constructed in the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau region. However, the extreme complexity and variability of the environment in this region pose significant challenges to the safe construction and long-term operation of the planned or under-construction ultra-long deep tunnels. To address these complex technical challenges, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the complex climate and geology features of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau during tunnel construction. The climate characteristics of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau include severe coldness, low oxygen, and unpredictable weather changes. The geological characteristics include complex stress distributions caused by the intense internal and external dynamic coupling of tectonic plates, widespread active tectonic structures, frequent high-intensity earthquakes, fractured rock masses, and numerous active fault zones. Based on the analysis, this paper elaborates on potential sources of major disasters resulting from the characteristics of ultra-long deep tunnel projects in the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau region. These potential disaster sources include the crossing of active fault zones, high geostress rockbursts, large deformation disasters, high-pressure water surges, geothermal hazards, inadequate long-distance ventilation and oxygen supply, and multi-hazard couplings. In response to these challenges, this paper systematically summarizes the latest research progress and technological achievements in the domestic and international literature, and proposes innovative ideas and future development prospects for disaster monitoring and early warning, mechanized intelligent construction, long-term safety services, and emergency security and rescue. These innovative measures are intended to address the challenges of tunnel disaster prevention and control in the complex environment of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau, contributing to the safe construction and long-term operation of ultra-long deep tunnels in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 162-183"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions Among Food Systems, Climate Change, and Air Pollution: A Review","authors":"Chaopeng Hong ,&nbsp;Rui Zhong ,&nbsp;Mengyao Xu ,&nbsp;Peidong He ,&nbsp;Huibin Mo ,&nbsp;Yue Qin ,&nbsp;Danna Shi ,&nbsp;Xinlei Chen ,&nbsp;Kebin He ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food systems are deeply affected by climate change and air pollution, while being key contributors to these environmental challenges. Understanding the complex interactions among food systems, climate change, and air pollution is crucial for mitigating climate change, improving air quality, and promoting the sustainable development of food systems. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive review of these interactions, particularly in the current phase of rapid development in the field. To address this gap, this study systematically reviews recent research on the impacts of climate change and air pollution on food systems, as well as the greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions from agri-food systems and their contribution to global climate change and air pollution. In addition, this study summarizes various strategies for mitigation and adaptation, including adjustments in agricultural practices and food supply chains. Profound changes in food systems are urgently needed to enhance adaptability and reduce emissions. This review offers a critical overview of current research on the interactions among food systems, climate change, and air pollution and highlights future research directions to support the transition to sustainable food systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 215-233"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the Large-Scale Deployment of CCUS","authors":"Zhenhua Rui ,&nbsp;Lianbo Zeng ,&nbsp;Birol Dindoruk","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Present and Future of Smart Construction Technologies","authors":"Mirosław J. Skibniewski","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 21-23"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies and Advances in the Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Products","authors":"Li-Jun Hu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Zhang Duan ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Cai Ye ,&nbsp;Chun-Tao Che","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural products, with their remarkable structural and biological diversity, have historically served as a vital bridge between chemistry, the life sciences, and medicine. They not only provide essential scaffolds for drug discovery but also inspire innovative strategies in drug development. The biomimetic synthesis of natural products employs principles from biomimicry, applying inspiration from biogenetic processes to design synthetic strategies that mimic biosynthetic processes. Biomimetic synthesis is a highly efficient approach in synthetic chemistry, as it addresses critical challenges in the synthesis of structurally complex natural products with significant biological and medicinal importance. It has gained widespread attention from researchers in chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and related fields, underscoring its interdisciplinary impact. In this perspective, we present recent advances and challenges in the biomimetic synthesis of natural products, along with the significance and prospects of this field, highlighting the transformative potential of biomimetic synthesis strategies for both chemical and biosynthetic approaches to natural product synthesis in the pursuit of novel therapeutic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"44 ","pages":"Pages 30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}