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Stock Volatility Increases the Mortality Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Suicide: A Case-Crossover Study of 12 Million Deaths 股票波动会增加重大不良心血管事件和自杀的死亡率风险:对 1,200 万例死亡的病例交叉研究
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.05.010
Ya Gao , Peng Yin , Haidong Kan , Renjie Chen , Maigeng Zhou
{"title":"Stock Volatility Increases the Mortality Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Suicide: A Case-Crossover Study of 12 Million Deaths","authors":"Ya Gao ,&nbsp;Peng Yin ,&nbsp;Haidong Kan ,&nbsp;Renjie Chen ,&nbsp;Maigeng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stock volatility constitutes an adverse psychological stressor, but few large-scale studies have focused on its impact on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and suicide. Here, we conducted an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study to explore the association of daily stock volatility (daily returns and intra-daily oscillations for three kinds of stock indices) with MACEs and suicide among more than 12 million individual decedents from all counties in the mainland of China between 2013 and 2019. For daily stock returns, both stock increases and decreases were associated with increased mortality risks of all MACEs and suicide. There were consistent and positive associations between intra-daily stock oscillations and mortality due to MACEs and suicide. The excess mortality risks occurred at the current day (lag 0 d), persisted for two days, and were greatest for suicide and hemorrhagic stroke. Taking the present-day Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index as an example, a 1% decrease in daily returns was associated with 0.74%–1.04% and 1.77% increases in mortality risks of MACEs and suicide, respectively; the corresponding risk increments were 0.57%–0.85% and 0.92% for a 1% increase in daily returns and 0.67%–0.77% and 1.09% for a 1% increase in intra-daily stock oscillations. The excess risks were more pronounced among individuals aged 65–74 years, males, and those with lower education levels. Our findings revealed considerable health risks linked to sociopsychological stressors, which are helpful for the government and general public to mitigate the immediate cardiovascular and mental health risks associated with stock market volatility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141282105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of an Engineered Sugar Aminotransferase with Simultaneously Improved Stability and Non-Natural Substrate Activity to Synthesize the Glucosidase Inhibitor Valienamine 开发具有同时改善稳定性和非天然底物活性的工程糖氨基转移酶,以合成葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂缬烯胺
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.04.026
Runxi Wang , Lu Qiao , Mufei Liu , Yanpeng Ran, Jun Wang, Wupeng Yan, Yan Feng, Li Cui
{"title":"Development of an Engineered Sugar Aminotransferase with Simultaneously Improved Stability and Non-Natural Substrate Activity to Synthesize the Glucosidase Inhibitor Valienamine","authors":"Runxi Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Qiao ,&nbsp;Mufei Liu ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Ran,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Wupeng Yan,&nbsp;Yan Feng,&nbsp;Li Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.04.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugar aminotransferases (SATs) catalyze the installation of chiral amines onto specific keto sugars, producing bioactive amino sugars. Their activity has been utilized in artificial reactions, such as using the SAT WecE to transform valienone into the valuable α-glucosidase inhibitor valienamine. However, the low thermostability and limited activity on non-natural substrates have hindered their applications. Simultaneously improving stability and enzyme activity is particularly challenging owing to the acknowledged inherent trade-off between stability and activity. A customized combinatorial active-site saturation test–iterative saturation mutagenesis (CAST-ISM) strategy was used to simultaneously enhance the stability and activity of WecE toward valienone. Fourteen hotspots related to improving the stability–activity trade-off were identified based on evolutionary conservation and the average mutation folding energy assessment of 57 residues in the active site of WecE. Positive mutagenesis and combinatorial mutations of these specific residues were accomplished via site-directed saturation mutagenesis (SSM) and iterative evolution cycles. Compared with those of the wild-type (WT) WecE, the quadruple mutant M4 (Y321F/K209F/V318R/F319V) displayed a 641.49-fold increase in half-life (<em>t</em><sub>1/2</sub>) at 40 °C and a 31.37-fold increase in activity toward the non-natural substrate valienone. The triple mutant M3 (Y321F/K209F/V318R) demonstrated an 83.04-fold increase in (t<sub>1/2</sub>) at 40 °C and a 37.77-fold increase in activity toward valienone. The underlying mechanism was dependent on the strengthened interface interactions and shortened transamination reaction catalytic distance, compared with those of the WT, which improved the stability and activity of the obtained mutants. Thus, we accomplished a general target-oriented strategy for obtaining stable and highly active SATs for artificial amino-sugar biosynthesis applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 185-195"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Skin Rejuvenation in Aged Mice by Fecal Transplantation Microbiota from Young Mice Feces 年轻小鼠粪便中的微生物群通过粪便移植使老年小鼠皮肤年轻化
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.005
Shoujuan Yu , Ziyang Li , Xiaoxu Zhang , Qi Zhang , Liwei Zhang , Liang Zhao , Ping Liu , Jie Guo , Juan Chen , Chengying Zhang , Xinjuan Liu , Mengyang Yu , Dekui Jin , Xiaofeng Wang , Guang Li , Yan Cao , Fazheng Ren , Ran Wang
{"title":"Skin Rejuvenation in Aged Mice by Fecal Transplantation Microbiota from Young Mice Feces","authors":"Shoujuan Yu ,&nbsp;Ziyang Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Liwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Zhao ,&nbsp;Ping Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Guo ,&nbsp;Juan Chen ,&nbsp;Chengying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinjuan Liu ,&nbsp;Mengyang Yu ,&nbsp;Dekui Jin ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Wang ,&nbsp;Guang Li ,&nbsp;Yan Cao ,&nbsp;Fazheng Ren ,&nbsp;Ran Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skin aging is an increasingly prominent topic in the context of healthy aging. During the aging process, the skin’s barrier function diminishes, its water content decreases, wrinkles begin to form, and changes occur in the gut microbiota composition. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and skin aging remains unclear. In this study, we explored skin rejuvenation in aged mice through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using feces from young mice. The results demonstrated enhanced water retention, thickened stratum corneum, increased collagen content, and improved epithelial cell differentiation in aged mice following FMT. Notably, FMT particularly increased the abundance of <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Lactococcus</em> in aged mice, which were nearly undetectable in untreated aged mice. Non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analyses indicated that FMT significantly elevated levels of tryptophan (Trp) and its microbiota metabolites (e.g., indole-3-lactic acid (ILA)) in the feces and serum of aged mice. Both Trp and ILA appeared to rejuvenate aged skin by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) to promote epidermal cell differentiation. In conclusion, FMT from young mice rejuvenated aged skin via Trp-metabolizing bacteria (<em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Lactococcus</em>) and Trp-derived metabolites, suggesting that interventions targeting Trp metabolites may effectively improve skin aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 26-38"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the Oldest Industrial Shale Gas Reservoir: Insights for the Enrichment Pattern and Exploration Direction of Lower Cambrian Shale Gas in the Sichuan Basin 揭开最古老工业页岩气藏的面纱:对四川盆地下寒武统页岩气富集模式和勘探方向的启示
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.007
Caineng Zou , Zhengfu Zhao , Songqi Pan , Jia Yin , Guanwen Lu , Fangliang Fu , Ming Yuan , Hanlin Liu , Guosheng Zhang , Cui Luo , Wei Wang , Zhenhua Jing
{"title":"Unveiling the Oldest Industrial Shale Gas Reservoir: Insights for the Enrichment Pattern and Exploration Direction of Lower Cambrian Shale Gas in the Sichuan Basin","authors":"Caineng Zou ,&nbsp;Zhengfu Zhao ,&nbsp;Songqi Pan ,&nbsp;Jia Yin ,&nbsp;Guanwen Lu ,&nbsp;Fangliang Fu ,&nbsp;Ming Yuan ,&nbsp;Hanlin Liu ,&nbsp;Guosheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Cui Luo ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi (Є<sub>1</sub>q) shale in the Sichuan Basin, formerly considered a source rock, recently achieved high gas production (7.388 × 10<sup>5</sup> m<sup>3</sup>·d<sup>−1</sup>) from well Z201 in the Deyang–Anyue rift trough (DART), marking an exploration breakthrough of the world’s oldest industrial shale gas reservoir. However, the shale gas enrichment mechanism within the DART is not fully understood. This study reviews the formation of the Qiongzhusi shale gas reservoirs within the DART by comparing them with cotemporaneous deposits outside the DART, and several findings are presented. The gas production interval was correlated with the main phase of the Cambrian explosion (lower Cambrian stage 3). In the early Cambrian ecosystem, dominant animals likely accelerated the settling rates of organic matter (OM) in the upper 1st member of Є<sub>1</sub>q (Є<sub>1</sub>q1<sub>2</sub>) by feeding on small planktonic organisms and producing larger organic fragments and fecal pellets. High primary productivity and euxinic conditions contributed to OM enrichment in the lower 1st member of Є<sub>1</sub>q (Є<sub>1</sub>q1<sub>1</sub>). Additionally, shale reservoirs inside the DART demonstrated better properties than those outside in terms of thickness, brittle minerals, gas content, and porosity. In particular, the abundant OM pores inside the DART facilitated shale gas enrichment, whereas the higher thermal maturity of the shales outside the DART possibly led to the graphitization and collapse of some OM pores. Meanwhile, the overpressure of high-production wells inside the DART generally reflects better shale gas preservation, benefiting from the shale’s self-sealing nature, “upper capping and lower plugging” configuration, and limited faults and microfractures. Considering these insights, we introduced a “ternary enrichment” model for the Qiongzhusi shale gas. Although the current high gas production of Z201 was found at the reservoir 3, two additional reservoirs were identified with significant potential, thus suggesting a “multilayer stereoscopic development” strategy in future shale gas exploration within the DART.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 278-294"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modifiers of the Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 维生素 D 补充剂对心脏代谢风险因素影响的调节因素:系统回顾与元分析
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.010
Peng An , Sitong Wan , Langrun Wang , Tiancheng Xu , Teng Xu , Yonghui Wang , Jin Liu , Keji Li , Xifan Wang , Jingjing He , Simin Liu
{"title":"Modifiers of the Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Peng An ,&nbsp;Sitong Wan ,&nbsp;Langrun Wang ,&nbsp;Tiancheng Xu ,&nbsp;Teng Xu ,&nbsp;Yonghui Wang ,&nbsp;Jin Liu ,&nbsp;Keji Li ,&nbsp;Xifan Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing He ,&nbsp;Simin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inconsistent findings concerning the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors and the large heterogeneity in the published literature call for further research to identify sources of heterogeneity and potential effect modifiers. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until March 2024 that reported estimates for the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic factors and relevant baseline covariates of RCT participants. A total of 17 656 participants from 99 RCTs were analyzed, and weighted mean differences (95% confidence intervals (CI)) for the intervention status were derived using random-effects modeling. Overall, compared with the placebo, vitamin D supplementation (median dose: 3320 international unit (IU)·day<sup>−1</sup>; range 40–120 000 IU·day<sup>−1</sup>) had favorable effects on systolic blood pressure (SBP; −2.04 (95% CI, −3.50, −0.59) mmHg; 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; −3.00 (95% CI, −3.61, −2.39) mmHg), total cholesterol (TC; −0.12 (95% CI, −0.21, −0.03) mmol·L<sup>−1</sup>), fasting blood glucose (FBG; −0.13 (95% CI, −0.20, −0.05) mmol·L<sup>−1</sup>), hemoglobin A1C (A1C; −0.09% (95% CI, −0.13%, −0.05%)), and fasting blood insulin (FBI: −7.61 (95% CI, −11.93, −3.30) pmol·L<sup>−1</sup>). The benefits of vitamin D were most evident in trials performed in non-Westerners, participants with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) lower than 15.0 ng·mL<sup>−1</sup>, non-obese (body mass index (BMI) &lt; 30 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>), and older (age ≥ 50 years). The findings of this study underscore the need for personalized vitamin D intervention strategies that comprehensively account for individual patient characteristics (such as ethnocultural background, age, BMI, and circulating 25[OH]D level), intervention dosage, and intervention duration to optimize cardiometabolic health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust Platoon Control of Mixed Autonomous and Human-Driven Vehicles for Obstacle Collision Avoidance: A Cooperative Sensing-Based Adaptive Model Predictive Control Approach 用于避障的自主与人力混合车辆的鲁棒排布控制:基于合作传感的自适应模型预测控制方法
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.015
Daxin Tian , Jianshan Zhou , Xu Han , Ping Lang
{"title":"Robust Platoon Control of Mixed Autonomous and Human-Driven Vehicles for Obstacle Collision Avoidance: A Cooperative Sensing-Based Adaptive Model Predictive Control Approach","authors":"Daxin Tian ,&nbsp;Jianshan Zhou ,&nbsp;Xu Han ,&nbsp;Ping Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obstacle detection and platoon control for mixed traffic flows, comprising human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), face challenges from uncertain disturbances, such as sensor faults, inaccurate driver operations, and mismatched model errors. Furthermore, misleading sensing information or malicious attacks in vehicular wireless networks can jeopardize CAVs’ perception and platoon safety. In this paper, we develop a two-dimensional robust control method for a mixed platoon, including a single leading CAV and multiple following HDVs that incorporate robust information sensing and platoon control. To effectively detect and locate unknown obstacles ahead of the leading CAV, we propose a cooperative vehicle–infrastructure sensing scheme and integrate it with an adaptive model predictive control scheme for the leading CAV. This sensing scheme fuses information from multiple nodes while suppressing malicious data from attackers to enhance robustness and attack resilience in a distributed and adaptive manner. Additionally, we propose a distributed car-following control scheme with robustness to guarantee the following HDVs, considering uncertain disturbances. We also provide theoretical proof of the string stability under this control framework. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted to validate our approach. The simulation results demonstrate that our method can effectively filter out misleading sensing information from malicious attackers, significantly reduce the mean-square deviation in obstacle sensing, and approach the theoretical error lower bound. Moreover, the proposed control method successfully achieves obstacle avoidance for the mixed platoon while ensuring stability and robustness in the face of external attacks and uncertain disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 244-266"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Old MacDonald Has a New Animal on the Farm—Insects 老麦克唐纳的农场里多了一种新动物--昆虫
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.007
Chris Palmer
{"title":"Old MacDonald Has a New Animal on the Farm—Insects","authors":"Chris Palmer","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Matthew MXene (Ti3C2Tx) Lamellar Membrane as a Potassium-Sieving Amplifier 作为钾筛分放大器的 Matthew MXene (Ti3C2Tx) 层状膜
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.025
Zong Lu , Haoyu Wu , Yanying Wei , Haihui Wang
{"title":"A Matthew MXene (Ti3C2Tx) Lamellar Membrane as a Potassium-Sieving Amplifier","authors":"Zong Lu ,&nbsp;Haoyu Wu ,&nbsp;Yanying Wei ,&nbsp;Haihui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transport channels with ultrahigh K<sup>+</sup> selectivity over other ions play a crucial role for living beings, but constructing ionic channels with promising K<sup>+</sup> selectivity and permeability remains a challenge. Here, an asymmetric bilayer membrane based on MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<em><sub>x</sub></em>) lamellar channels consisting of a recognition layer (RL) on top of an enhancement layer (EL) exhibits an amazing Matthew effect: amplification of the preferred transport of K<sup>+</sup>, resulting in an excellent K<sup>+</sup>-separation performance. The K<sup>+</sup> ion is selected by the 1-aza-18-crown-6 ether-modified RL, owing to preferential affinity energy, and then rapidly transported as a hydrated ion through the EL, based on the confinement effect. Other undesired ions such as Na<sup>+</sup> are hindered from entering the RL by the preferred K<sup>+</sup> occupation of the crown ether. The MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<em><sub>x</sub></em>)-based Matthew membrane presents high K<sup>+</sup>-permeation rates of 0.1–0.2 mol∙m<sup>−2</sup>∙h<sup>−1</sup>, with a significant K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> selectivity of 5–9. The molecular separation mechanism of the Matthew membrane is investigated deeply to explore the nature of the Matthew amplification effect on K<sup>+</sup> sieving, where the precise matching of the RL and EL within the membrane governs the fast K<sup>+</sup> permeation with good selectivity. The asymmetric structure of our Matthew membrane is the key to understanding the biological function of ion channels for precise and fast ion transport, which will guide us in the creation of artificial ion channels or membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revealing High-Efficiency Natural Mycotoxin Antidotes in Zebrafish Model Screening Against Zearalenone-Induced Toxicity 在斑马鱼模型筛选中发现高效天然霉菌毒素解毒剂,以对抗玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的毒性
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.016
Hong-Yun Zhang , Wei-Dan Jiang , Pei Wu , Yang Liu , Hong-Mei Ren , Xiao-Wan Jin , Xiao-Qiu Zhou , Lin Feng
{"title":"Revealing High-Efficiency Natural Mycotoxin Antidotes in Zebrafish Model Screening Against Zearalenone-Induced Toxicity","authors":"Hong-Yun Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei-Dan Jiang ,&nbsp;Pei Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Hong-Mei Ren ,&nbsp;Xiao-Wan Jin ,&nbsp;Xiao-Qiu Zhou ,&nbsp;Lin Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin, poses a significant global hazard to human and animal health. Natural products (NPs) have shown promise for mitigating the adverse effects of ZEA owing to their diverse functional activities. However, the current challenge lies in the absence of an efficient strategy for systematic screening and identification of NPs that can effectively protect against ZEA-induced toxicity. This study describes a phenotype-based screening strategy for screening NP libraries and discovering more effective compounds to mitigate or counteract the adverse consequences of ZEA exposure in animals. Using this strategy, we initially identified 96 NPs and evaluated the potency and efficacy of two effective candidate compounds, fraxetin, and hydroxytyrosol, based on embryonic phenotype and locomotor activity using a scoring system and the TCMacro method. Furthermore, we performed transcriptome and protein−protein interaction (PPI) network analyses to extract two mRNA signatures to query the Connectivity Map (CMap) database and predict NPs. The predicted NPs showed the potential to reverse the gene expression profiles associated with ZEA toxicity. Consequently, we further screened these compounds using our model, which indicated that hispidin, daphnetin, and riboflavin exhibit promising <em>in vivo</em> efficacy in zebrafish. Notably, throughout the process, fraxetin consistently stood out as the most promising NP. Biological pathway analysis and functional verification revealed that fraxetin completely reversed the toxic effects of ZEA at very low doses. This was achieved by repairing damaged cell apoptosis, modifying the cell cycle pathway, and preventing senescence induction, indicating good application potential. Overall, we demonstrated that this integration strategy can be successfully applied to effectively discover potential antidotes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 196-212"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141026176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AI Increasingly Makes the Calls, But Human Referees Still Rule—Mostly 人工智能越来越多地做出判罚,但人类裁判仍是主要裁决者
IF 10.1 1区 工程技术
Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.005
Mitch Leslie
{"title":"AI Increasingly Makes the Calls, But Human Referees Still Rule—Mostly","authors":"Mitch Leslie","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"42 ","pages":"Pages 9-11"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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