Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Cancer ENO2 Induces Histone Lactylation-Mediated M2 Macrophage Polarization and Facilitates Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Chenran Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Tan ,&nbsp;Maohua Huang ,&nbsp;Yuning Lin ,&nbsp;Minxiang Cai ,&nbsp;Lijuan Deng ,&nbsp;Xinpeng Hu ,&nbsp;Shenghui Qiu ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Chen ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Luo ,&nbsp;Changzheng Shi ,&nbsp;Minfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Wencai Ye ,&nbsp;Junqiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangning Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2024.11.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic reprogramming reshapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) and facilitates metastasis, but its molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified enolase 2 (ENO2), a critical glycolytic enzyme, as being associated with lymphatic metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Mechanistically, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the metabolite secreted by ENO2-expressing HNSCC cells, drove histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation (H3K18la)-mediated M2 polarization in macrophages, which, in turn, enhanced the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasiveness of HNSCC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of ENO2 with POMHEX effectively reversed M2 macrophage polarization and inhibited HNSCC lymphatic metastasis. Collectively, our findings underscore the prognostic significance of ENO2 and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for metastatic HNSCC. Furthermore, we reveal a previously underappreciated role of PEP in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment and tumor metastasis via epigenetic modification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 262-276"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Method for Enhancing Oil Recovery by Thickened Supercritical CO2 Flooding in High-Water-Cut Mature Reservoirs","authors":"Kaoping Song ,&nbsp;Daigang Wang ,&nbsp;Fengyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong Fu ,&nbsp;Mingxing Bai ,&nbsp;Hamid Emami-Meybodi","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-water-cut mature reservoirs typically serve as the “ballast” for ensuring China’s annual crude oil production of 200 million tons. Despite the use of water flooding and chemical methods, over 40% of crude oil remains unexploited. It is critical to develop efficient revolutionary technologies to further enhance oil recovery (EOR) by a large percentage in high-water-cut mature reservoirs. To address this issue, the potential of vertical remaining oil in Daqing Oilfield is first analyzed from massive monitoring data. Using molecular dynamics simulation to design optimal synthetic routine, a copolymer without fluorine or silicon is synthesized by modifying vinyl acetate (VAc) with maleic anhydride (MA) and styrene (St), and treated as a supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) thickener. The underlying EOR mechanism of the scCO₂ thickener is thereafter clarified by high-temperature, high-pressure oil displacement experiments. The EOR effect by thickened scCO₂ flooding in a typical high-water-cut mature reservoir is predicted, and future technological advancements of the technique are ultimately discussed. Results show that the vertical remaining oil enriched in weakly swept zones is a primary target for further EOR in high-water-cut mature reservoirs. The copolymer typically exhibits good solubility, strong dispersion stability, and high thickening effect in scCO₂. Under an ambient pressure of 10 MPa and a temperature of 50 °C, the dissolution of copolymer at a mass concentration of 0.2% can effectively increase the viscosity of scCO₂ by 39.4 times. Due to the synergistic effect between expanding vertical swept volume and inhibiting gas channeling, crude oil recovery can be further enhanced by 23.1% for a typical high-water-cut mature reservoir when the scCO₂ viscosity is increased by 50 times. Our understandings demonstrate that the thickened scCO₂ flooding technology has significant technical advantages in high-water-cut mature reservoirs, with challenges and future development directions in field-scale applications also highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Storage Potential of Shale Reservoirs Based on CO2 Fracturing Technology","authors":"Siwei Meng ,&nbsp;Fengyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaping Tao ,&nbsp;Xu Jin ,&nbsp;Jianchun Xu ,&nbsp;He Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of shale reservoirs is important in ensuring China’s national energy security by achieving energy independence. Among the key technologies for shale oil production, CO₂ fracturing is an effective method that can not only enhance oil recovery but also promote large amounts of CO₂ storage, thereby supporting China’s goals of achieving a carbon peak and carbon neutrality. This research paper aims to study the impacts and prospective applications of CO₂ fracturing in shale reservoirs, using real exploitation parameters from the Gulong shale reservoir well 1 (GYYP1) well in the Songliao Basin. By utilizing numerical simulation, the dynamics of CO₂ production are analyzed. Adsorption and diffusion are identified as pivotal mechanisms for CO₂ storage in shale reservoirs. After the analysis of the fracturing process, approximately 22.13% of CO₂ is found to be adsorbed, which decreases to 11.06% after ten years due to pressure decline. Diffusion increases the volume of CO₂ interacting with a greater extent of shale, thereby enhancing the adsorption mechanism. Over time, the diffusion process results in a remarkable increase of 26.02% in CO₂ adsorption, ensuring the long-term and stable storage of CO₂ within the shale reservoir. This investigation delves into the contribution of these two crucial mechanisms of CO₂ storage in shale reservoirs, ultimately predicting that, by 2030, approximately two million tons of CO₂ can be effectively stored in the Daqing Oilfield through CO₂ fracturing in shale oil reservoirs. Such an achievement will undoubtedly contribute to the sustainable development of the energy sector and foster the transformation and upgrading of China’s energy structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139920321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser Micro/Nano-Manufacturing","authors":"Minghui Hong, Lianwei Chen, Tun Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution of laser micro/nano-manufacturing techniques has transformed precision manufacturing, enabling the creation of complex micro/nano structures. These techniques are crucial for multiple industries, including electronics, photonics, and biomedical engineering, owing to their unmatched precision and versatility. The ability to manipulate materials at such scales has unlocked new possibilities for innovation, thereby facilitating the development of advanced components and devices with enhanced performance and functionalities.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Mode Data Organization and File Retrieval Based on a Primer Library in Large-Scale Digital DNA Storage","authors":"Shu-Fang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-Hui Li ,&nbsp;Rui-Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Bing-Zhi Li ,&nbsp;Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At present, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification-based file retrieval method is the most commonly used and effective means of DNA file retrieval. The number of orthogonal primers limits the number of files that can be accurately accessed, which in turn affects the density in a single oligo pool of digital DNA storage. In this paper, a multi-mode DNA sequence design method based on PCR file retrieval in a single oligonucleotide pool is proposed for high-capacity DNA data storage. Firstly, by analyzing the maximum number of orthogonal primers at each predicted primer length, it was found that the relationship between primer length and the maximum available primer number does not increase linearly, and the maximum number of orthogonal primers is on the order of 10⁴. Next, this paper analyzes the maximum address space capacity of DNA sequences with different types of primer binding sites for file mapping. In the case where the capacity of the primer library is <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> (where <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> is even), the number of address spaces that can be mapped by the single-primer DNA sequence design scheme proposed in this paper is four times that of the previous one, and the two-level primer DNA sequence design scheme can reach <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>ℝ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>·</mo><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>ℝ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> times. Finally, a multi-mode DNA sequence generation method is designed based on the number of files to be stored in the oligonucleotide pool, in order to meet the requirements of the random retrieval of target files in an oligonucleotide pool with large-scale file numbers. The performance of the primers generated by the orthogonal primer library generator proposed in this paper is verified, and the average Gibbs free energy of the most stable heterodimer formed between the orthogonal primers produced is −1 kcal∙(mol∙L⁻¹)⁻¹ (1 kcal = 4.184 kJ). At the same time, by selectively PCR-amplifying the DNA sequences of the two-level primer binding sites for random access, the target sequence can be accurately read with a minimum of 10³ reads, when the primer binding site sequences at different positions are mutually different. This paper provides a pipeline for orthogonal primer library generation and multi-mode mapping schemes between files and primers, which can help achieve precise random access to files in large-scale DNA oligo pools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 151-162"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Temperature Stable Dispersed Particle Gel for Enhanced Profile Control in Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Applications","authors":"Lin Du ,&nbsp;Yao-Yu Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhi-Chao Jiang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Zeng ,&nbsp;Huazhou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂-responsive gels, which swell upon contact with CO₂, are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) applications in oil reservoirs. However, the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their reversible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures. In this study, a novel dispersed particle gel (DPG) suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications. First, we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAAm) network and a crosslinked sodium alginate (SA) network. The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspension. To enhance its performance, the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilanetriolate (PMS) upon CO₂ exposure. Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles, over twice their original size. Moreover, subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100 °C environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease, confirming irreversible swelling, which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO₂-responsive gels. Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal stability compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles. Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3% in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack, whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%. With its high swelling ratio, irreversible swelling at high temperatures, enhanced thermal stability, and superior plugging performance, the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 128-140"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial Efforts Flail to Replace Aging International Space Station","authors":"Chris Palmer (Senior Technology Writer)","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Synchronous and Asynchronous Ambient Noise Tomography in Urban Areas: Application to Karst Investigation","authors":"Ya Liu ,&nbsp;Jianghai Xia ,&nbsp;Bo Guan ,&nbsp;Chaoqiang Xi ,&nbsp;Ling Ning ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dense-array ambient noise tomography is a powerful tool for achieving high-resolution subsurface imaging, significantly impacting geohazard prevention and control. Conventional dense-array studies, however, require simultaneous observations of numerous stations for extensive coverage. To conduct a comprehensive karst feature investigation with limited stations, we designed a new synchronous–asynchronous observation system that facilitates dense array observations. We conducted two rounds of asynchronous observations, each lasting approximately 24 h, in combination with synchronous backbone stations. We achieved wide-ranging coverage of the study area utilizing 197 nodal receivers, with an average station spacing of 7 m. The beamforming results revealed distinct variations in the noise source distributions between day and night. We estimated the source strength in the stationary phase zone and used a weighting scheme for stacking the cross-correlation functions (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> functions) to suppress the influence of nonuniform noise source distributions. The weights were derived from the similarity coefficients between multicomponent <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> functions related to Rayleigh waves. We employed the cross-correlation of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> functions (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> methods) to obtain the empirical Green’s functions between asynchronous stations. To eliminate artifacts in <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> functions from higher-mode surface waves in <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> functions, we filtered the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> functions on the basis of different particle motions linked to multimode Rayleigh waves. The dispersion measurements of Rayleigh waves obtained from both the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> functions were utilized in surface wave tomography. The inverted three-dimensional (3D) shear-wave (S-wave) velocity model reveals two significant low-velocity zones at depths ranging from 40 to 60 m, which align well with the karst caves found in the drilling data. The method of short-term synchronous–asynchronous ambient noise tomography shows promise as a cost-effective and efficient approach for urban geohazard investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 292-308"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphase Reactive Flow During CO2 Storage in Sandstone","authors":"Rukuan Chai ,&nbsp;Qianqian Ma ,&nbsp;Sepideh Goodarzi ,&nbsp;Foo Yoong Yow ,&nbsp;Branko Bijeljic ,&nbsp;Martin J. Blunt","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geological CO₂ storage is a promising strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; however, its underlying multiphase reactive flow mechanisms remain poorly understood. We conducted steady-state imbibition relative permeability experiments on sandstone from a proposed storage site, complemented by <em>in situ</em> X-ray imaging and <em>ex situ</em> analyses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Despite our use of a brine that was pre-equilibrated with CO₂, there was a significant reduction in both CO₂ relative permeability and absolute permeability during multiphase flow due to chemical reactions. This reduction was driven by decreased pore and throat sizes, diminished connectivity, and increased irregularity of pore and throat shapes, as revealed by <em>in situ</em> pore-scale imaging. Mineral dissolution, primarily of feldspar, albite, and calcite, along with precipitation resulting from feldspar-to-kaolinite transformation and fines migration, were identified as contributing factors through SEM–EDS analysis. This work provides a benchmark for storage in mineralogically complex sandstones, for which the impact of chemical reactions on multiphase flow properties has been measured.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial for the Special Issue on Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage","authors":"Gensheng Li ,&nbsp;Jinsheng Sun ,&nbsp;Zhangxin Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Rui","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}