Engineering最新文献_第7页

Hedging Against Material Uncertainty via Chance-Constrained Recurrent Neural Networks: A Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Case Study 通过机会约束递归神经网络对冲材料不确定性：一个连续制药案例研究

IF 11.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.05.019

Qingbo Meng, I. David L. Bogle, Vassilis M. Charitopoulos

{"title":"Hedging Against Material Uncertainty via Chance-Constrained Recurrent Neural Networks: A Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Case Study","authors":"Qingbo Meng, I. David L. Bogle, Vassilis M. Charitopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.05.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pharmaceutical industry, model-based prediction is a crucial stage in process development that allows pharmaceutical companies to simulate different scenarios toward improving process efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing product quality. Nevertheless, ensuring the quality of formulated pharmaceutical products through the management of raw material variations has always been a challenging task. In this work, data-driven chance-constrained recurrent neural networks (CCRNNs) are developed to address the issue arising from raw material uncertainty. Our goal is to explore how, by proactively incorporating uncertainty into the model training process, more accurate predictions and enhanced robustness can be realized. The proposed approach is tested on a fluid bed dryer (FBD) from a continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing pilot plant. The results demonstrate that CCRNN models offer more robust and accurate predictions for the critical quality attribute (CQA)—in this case, moisture content—when material variations occur, compared with conventional recurrent neural network-based models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 129-141"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data Inference: Data Security Threats in the AI Era 数据推理：人工智能时代的数据安全威胁

IF 11.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.007

Zijun Wang , Ting Liu , Yang Liu , Enrico Zio , Xiaohong Guan

引用次数: 0

Phase-Change Millicapsules with Highly Conductive and Adsorptive Radial Frameworks for Efficient Thermal Energy Management 具有高导电性和吸附性径向框架的相变微胶囊，用于有效的热能管理

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.030

Youngkyun Jung, Su-Jin Yoon, Yurim Park, Sarng Woo Karng, Jae-Woo Choi

{"title":"Phase-Change Millicapsules with Highly Conductive and Adsorptive Radial Frameworks for Efficient Thermal Energy Management","authors":"Youngkyun Jung, Su-Jin Yoon, Yurim Park, Sarng Woo Karng, Jae-Woo Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.030","url":null,"abstract":"In conventional thermal energy network (TEN) systems, heat loss and fouling in long pipelines reduce energy efficiency and hinder sustainable operation. Phase-change capsules (PCCs) are promising dispersoids for flexible energy storage and delivery; however, their thin shells compromise structural stability, limiting their fabrication to the micro- or nano-scale and restricting practical applications. Herein, we introduce hydrophilic milliscale PCCs (HMPCCs) as a pragmatic solution for efficient thermal energy delivery and antifouling in TENs. HMPCCs feature a thin shell and internal three-dimensional radially conductive and adsorptive frameworks with hierarchical pores (80% porosity), which provide enhanced thermal conductivity; a high adsorption capacity for Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ ions; and efficient phase-change material encapsulation without leakage. Incorporating clinoptilolite nanoparticles into the HMPCCs further increases the thermal conductivity, supplements the adsorption capability for Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, and optimizes the bulk density for stable dispersion in water. HMPCCs achieved 100% removal efficiency for scaling cations (0.1–1.0 mg L–1) and exhibited excellent durability, maintaining structural integrity after 1000 phase-change cycles. A thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and thermodynamically favorable. Regeneration via low-energy desorption ensures its reusability and economic viability. These findings suggest that HMPCCs represent a scalable and sustainable solution for advanced TEN applications and have outstanding thermal management and antifouling capabilities.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extracellular Vesicles: A New Dimension in Nerve Injury Repair 细胞外囊泡：神经损伤修复的新方向

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.031

Miaomei Yu, Yang Yu, Jiayi Zhou, Jiang Wei, Liuchang Song, Jun Zhang, Lu Zheng, Fei Ding

{"title":"Extracellular Vesicles: A New Dimension in Nerve Injury Repair","authors":"Miaomei Yu, Yang Yu, Jiayi Zhou, Jiang Wei, Liuchang Song, Jun Zhang, Lu Zheng, Fei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral and central nerve injuries present significant challenges in clinical practice due to the paucity of effective therapeutic options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated nanoparticles released from most cell types, are enriched in bioactive molecules capable of mediating intercellular communication. Recently, EVs have shown potential for applications in regenerative medicine, notably as alternatives to cell therapy. A therapeutic paradigm shift is emerging towards the EV-based treatment of nerve injury. Accumulating evidence indicates that EVs promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery, primarily by modulating neural cell function, immune-inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis. Various strategies have been developed to incorporate EVs into nerve grafts or to utilize them as diagnostic and therapeutic vehicles. This review aimed to provide a systematic survey of the available literature on the latest progress in EV-based treatments for peripheral nerve, spinal cord, and brain injuries. Additionally, prospects of EV-based nerve injury repair are discussed in terms of deep mechanistic understanding, technological innovations, and interdisciplinary convergence.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating Carbon Leakage in China’s Carbon Neutrality Through Coordinated Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Increased Natural Carbon Uptake 通过协调温室气体减排和增加自然碳吸收，缓解中国碳中和中的碳泄漏

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.027

Rui Su, Cuncun Duan, Bin Chen

{"title":"Mitigating Carbon Leakage in China’s Carbon Neutrality Through Coordinated Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Increased Natural Carbon Uptake","authors":"Rui Su, Cuncun Duan, Bin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.027","url":null,"abstract":"As the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2), China is committed to achieving carbon neutrality (CN). However, unilateral climate policies risk carbon leakage through the relocation of emission-intensive industries, potentially undermining their intended benefits. Herein, we couple an integrated assessment model with a simple climate model to quantify the carbon leakage associated with China’s CN by 2100 and assess its impact on global warming. The results show that China achieving CN will lead to carbon leakag of 6.9% to 14.9%. While the emissions-level changes appear modest, the leakage leads to an increase in CO2 concentrations, rising from 2.1 ppm in the target year to 7.7 ppm by 2100. The global cooling effect of China’s CN is 0.15–0.19 °C, with leakage weakening this effect by 0.02 °C. Increased carbon sink capacity mitigates 8.9%–11.3% of the warming caused by leakage, and synergistic reductions in methane and nitrous oxide emissions offset over 70.5% of the leakage-induced warming. Therefore, solutions to carbon leakage should go beyond merely preventing increased emissions and focus on offsetting the broader climate impacts caused by leakage. These findings underscore the critical importance of addressing carbon leakage in climate policy design to mitigate the risks of global warming and maximize the benefits of CN efforts.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction Of Multicellular Tumor-On-A-Chip Models for Ovarian Cancer Research 构建卵巢癌多细胞肿瘤芯片模型

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.028

Jiexian Ye, Hao Lin, Zilin Zhang, Shihui Xu, Feili Yang, Xuemei Zhuansun, Feng Ji, Yusha Zhang, Yuxin Zhu, Jing Zhang, Zaozao Chen, Zhongze Gu, Yang Shen

{"title":"Construction Of Multicellular Tumor-On-A-Chip Models for Ovarian Cancer Research","authors":"Jiexian Ye, Hao Lin, Zilin Zhang, Shihui Xu, Feili Yang, Xuemei Zhuansun, Feng Ji, Yusha Zhang, Yuxin Zhu, Jing Zhang, Zaozao Chen, Zhongze Gu, Yang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cancer remains a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy. Early diagnosis poses significant challenges, and the five-year survival rate is consistently below 45%. Current standard-of-care combines surgical resection with platinum-based chemotherapy. Emerging therapeutic modalities like chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) therapy show promise, though they face efficacy constraints due to tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Conventional models including two-dimensional (2D) cultures and patient-derived xenografts are increasingly supplanted by organoid and tumor-on-a-chip technologies due to intrinsic limitations and poor clinical translatability. This study established multiple tumor-on-a-chip platforms derived from ovarian cancer organoids and conducted systematic in vitro drug sensitivity screening. Furthermore, by utilizing patient-derived organoids to engineer multicellular dynamic microenvironments, we achieved one of the extremely limited evaluations of CAR-T efficacy against solid tumors within ovarian cancer microfluidic systems. This work establishes an enhanced preclinical platform to advance therapeutic screening and personalized treatment development.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absolute Quantification of Aging-Associated Glycans in IgG for Biological Age Prediction: Insights from Glycomics and Transcriptomics 用于生物年龄预测的IgG中衰老相关聚糖的绝对定量：糖组学和转录组学的见解

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.042

Huijuan Zhao, Jiteng Fan, Jing Han, Wenjun Qin, Jichen Sha, Weilong Zhang, Yong Gu, Xiaonan Ma, Jianxin Gu, Shifang Ren

{"title":"Absolute Quantification of Aging-Associated Glycans in IgG for Biological Age Prediction: Insights from Glycomics and Transcriptomics","authors":"Huijuan Zhao, Jiteng Fan, Jing Han, Wenjun Qin, Jichen Sha, Weilong Zhang, Yong Gu, Xiaonan Ma, Jianxin Gu, Shifang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.042","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycans are associated with aging. In this study, we introduce a novel strategy for discovering aging-associated IgG glycans and establish a prediction model on the basis of their absolute concentration alterations. We employed glycomic quantification technology to identify alterations in the amount of IgG glycan in natural aging and antiaging (caloric restriction (CR)) models and discovered aging-related glycans. The glycomic analysis revealed key features: downregulation of the bisected glycan GP3 (F(6)A2B) and upregulation of the digalactosylated glycan GP8 (F(6)A2G2). These glycan changes showed significant fold changes from an early stage. Using external standards of these two glycans, we subsequently measured their absolute concentrations, allowing for us to establish a predictive model, abGlycoAge, for biological aging. The abGlycoAge index suggested a younger state under CR, with an average age reduction of 3.9–14 weeks. Additionally, RNA sequencing of splenic B cells revealed that Derl3, Smarcb1, Ankrd55, Tbkbp1, and Slc38a10 may contribute to alterations in GP3 and GP8 during the aging process. In a preliminary therapeutic study, we tested IgG modified with young signature N-glycans (IgG-Ny). High-dose IgG-Ny showed promising results, alleviating aging-related physiological declines, including reductions in inflammatory markers and improvements in organ senescence, particularly in the brain, kidney, and lungs. This research provides new insights into glycan changes during aging and lays the groundwork for potential antiaging therapies. GP3 and GP8 may serve as biomarkers for aging, offering new perspectives on aging mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering Nanosilica Aerogel from Waste Glass for Lightweight Insulating Concrete 轻质绝缘混凝土用废玻璃纳米二氧化硅气凝胶

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.029

Xudong Zhao, Martin Cyr, Jian-Xin Lu, Hafiz Asad Ali, Juhyuk Moon, Chi Sun Poon

{"title":"Engineering Nanosilica Aerogel from Waste Glass for Lightweight Insulating Concrete","authors":"Xudong Zhao, Martin Cyr, Jian-Xin Lu, Hafiz Asad Ali, Juhyuk Moon, Chi Sun Poon","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates the synthesis of nanosilica aerogels (NSAs) from waste glass using a CO2-based extraction process. The process was optimized by varying key reaction parameters, including extraction temperature, reaction duration, NaOH concentration, and waste glass fineness. The resulting silicate precursors, which demonstrated high CO2 capture efficiency, were used to prepare NSA particles. The synthesized NSA exhibited an extremely high surface area and porosity; thus, these can be used as a value-added, lightweight, and reactive supplementary cementitious material for producing thermally insulating concrete. The incorporation of NSA accelerated hydration, with nucleation and pozzolanic effects contributing to 21% and 3%, respectively, to the hydration process. The initial hydration acceleration was attributed to the extremely high surface area of NSA, which facilitated the precipitation of hydration products on its surface. At later stages of hydration, the pozzolanic reaction of NSA promoted the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) in the cement matrix. This reaction increased the chain length of the C-S-H gel, resulting in a more robust and interconnected gel network. The densification effect mitigated potential mechanical property losses caused by the porous nature of NSA. Additionally, the porous structure of NSA significantly reduced the matrix density, leading to lower thermal conductivity and improved insulation performance. This study presents a new approach for valorizing recycled glass, promoting CO2 sequestration, and producing high-value aerogels for use as additives in the development of lightweight insulating concrete.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Galvanometer-Based Alignment-Error-Free Full-in-Situ Imaging and Laser Processing System with Applications to Pan-Semiconductor Manufacturing 基于振镜的准直无误差全原位成像和激光处理系统及其在泛半导体制造中的应用

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.041

Yuxuan Cao, Kuai Yang, Yingchun Guan, Zhen Zhang

{"title":"Galvanometer-Based Alignment-Error-Free Full-in-Situ Imaging and Laser Processing System with Applications to Pan-Semiconductor Manufacturing","authors":"Yuxuan Cao, Kuai Yang, Yingchun Guan, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.07.041","url":null,"abstract":"The non-physical-contact property of lasers poses significant challenges for the alignment procedure in precision engineering. Particularly in galvanometer-based laser processing systems, the requirement for multiple-step coordinate conversion further complicates the alignment procedure, thereby increasing the potential for error accumulation. To address the alignment issues during galvanometer laser scanning, this paper proposes an alignment-error-free solution for full-in-situ imaging and laser processing system, which eliminates the alignment error at the principal level by skipping the coordinate conversion and directly extracting angular coordinates for laser scanning from the captured images. Compared with the existing galvanometer-based laser processing systems, the main advantage of the proposed method is its ability to achieve alignment-error-free without requiring calibration, making it particularly suitable for small-batch, highly customized, and complex processing tasks. This system specifically facilitates in-line inspection, detection, and measurement during laser fabrications. Furthermore, two experimental cases in pan-semiconductor manufacturing, which includes flexible printed circuits (FPC) cutting and Micro-LEDs defect detection, have been conducted to demonstrate the validation of the proposed full-in-situ processing system. Correspondingly, the current experimental comparisons highlight the superiority of the proposed system for simultaneously achieving a maximum range of 27 mm × 27 mm and a minimum resolution of 0.412 µm, with a maximum processing error <15 µm. Demonstrations in detecting and processing the complex patterns illustrate its exceptional capabilities in alignment-error-free laser processing for precision manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Drug Combinations for Aging-Related Multimorbidity Management Using a 3D Printed Human Multi-Organ Microphysiological System 使用3D打印人体多器官微生理系统对衰老相关多疾病管理的药物组合进行评估

IF 12.8 1区工程技术

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.026

Jing Wang, Yuxiu Wang, Yakun Wang, Yueyang Qu, Bingcheng Lin, Xiuli Zhang, Yong Luo

{"title":"Evaluation of Drug Combinations for Aging-Related Multimorbidity Management Using a 3D Printed Human Multi-Organ Microphysiological System","authors":"Jing Wang, Yuxiu Wang, Yakun Wang, Yueyang Qu, Bingcheng Lin, Xiuli Zhang, Yong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"Polypharmacy presents a critical challenge in the management of age-related multimorbidity, in which empirical combination therapies may inadvertently exacerbate drug toxicity through complex pharmacokinetic interactions. To address this issue, a three-dimensional (3D) printed human multi-organ microphysiological system (HMOMPS) was developed featuring induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation, 3D cell spheroids, and a multi-drug scoring system. This engineered platform simulated co-occurring cancer and cardiomyopathy and systematically evaluated single-agent and combination therapies through dynamic toxicity monitoring. The system provided quantitative comparisons of mechanistically distinct drug combinations to support the clinical demand of multi-target interventions. Recognizing the interplay between polypharmacy and aging, we induced cellular senescence to establish a geriatric 3D HMOMPS model, which revealed significant age-dependent variations in pharmacodynamics across identical drug regimens. Experimental validation demonstrated the capacity of the 3D HMOMPS to maintain preserved cellular viability and functionality while recapitulating inter-organ communication. These findings advance the use of microphysiological systems in personalized anti-aging pharmacotherapy for multimorbid conditions.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0