Environmental Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Acute Exposure to Glyphosate, Arsenic, and Their Mixture in Adults of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae): Insights From a Multi-Biomarker Approach.","authors":"Ayelén Anahí González Núñez, Mauro Javier Palacio, Andrés Fabián Pighín, Martina María Mastrángelo, Natalia Alejandra Ossana","doi":"10.1002/tox.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the frequent co-occurrence of glyphosate and arsenic in agricultural freshwater systems, the biochemical mechanisms underlying their combined toxicity in fish remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the acute (96 h) individual and joint effects of glyphosate (0.5 mg/L) and arsenic [As(III), 0.5 mg/L] on the Neotropical fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus using an integrated biomarker approach. Endpoints related to oxidative balance, DNA integrity, neurotoxicity, and energy metabolism were assessed across multiple tissues. Glyphosate exposure induced marked oxidative and metabolic disturbances, including increased catalase activity, glutathione levels, and mitochondrial electron transport system activity, along with reduced cellular energy allocation and glutathione-S-transferase activity. In contrast, arsenic decreased glutathione content, superoxide dismutase activity, lipids, and carbohydrates. Comparable DNA damage levels were observed across single and combined exposures. Co-exposure resulted in non-additive interactions, with mixture effects deviating from the sum of individual responses, leading to either reduced (antagonistic) or enhanced (potentiation) effects depending on the biomarker and its direction of change. Antagonistic interactions predominated for genotoxic and several oxidative stress biomarkers, whereas potentiation was observed for selected metabolic endpoints. Multivariate analysis revealed distinct physiological profiles among treatments, with partial overlap between glyphosate and mixture responses. These findings underscore the complexity of pollutant mixture effects and highlight the need to incorporate combined exposures into ecotoxicological risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource Availability Modulates Effects of Fluorine Free Firefighting Foams.","authors":"Jack D Morehouse, Lucas A Cacula, Jason T Hoverman","doi":"10.1002/tox.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorine-free foam (F3) alternatives that lack per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are rapidly being adopted for firefighting operations and will be entering ecosystems. Despite this, little is known about their impact on freshwater communities. This knowledge gap is concerning for zooplankton, which are highly sensitive to F3 exposure and serve a keystone role as phytoplankton grazers and prey items for fish and invertebrates. Additionally, it is unknown how resource availability, which widely fluctuates in nature, influences the toxicity of F3s to zooplankton. Using varying algae feeding levels, we investigated how exposure to two F3s, National Foam Avio F3 Green KHC 3% (Avio) and Bio-Ex ECOPOL A 3% FFF (ECOPOL), impacts life history tradeoffs in a freshwater zooplankton, Daphnia magna. At high food levels, sublethal exposure to F3s caused earlier onset of reproduction and increased growth with no apparent tradeoffs, consistent with cases of fecundity compensation or hormesis. In contrast, when no food was provided, individuals exposed to Avio starved earlier, indicating an energetic cost of toxic exposure. This work shows F3s can substantially alter the life history of D. magna, possibly leading to altered freshwater community dynamics and trophic cascades. Additionally, this work highlights that toxic responses, and therefore ecological consequences, can vary based on food availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildfire Ash Alters Freshwater Crustacean Behavior: Disentangling the Contributions of Suspended Macroparticles and Ash‐Induced Alkalinization","authors":"Pétterson B. Pereira‐Silva, Diogo R. Pacheco, Gustavo Kirsch, Ronnilda M. G. Araujo, Bianca V. C. Oscar, William G. Matias, Sandro Santos, Bruno R. S. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1002/tox.70178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70178","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and anthropogenic ignitions are intensifying wildfire frequency worldwide, elevating the risk of freshwater contamination by ash. In water, dissolved ash releases ions and other toxic constituents that increase pH and alter physicochemical conditions, while suspended ash particles may impose mechanical stress, disrupt behavior, and increase exposure through ingestion. However, the relative contributions of these distinct ash exposure pathways to ecological toxicity remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether wildfire ash alters crustacean behavior and whether suspended macroparticles and ash‐induced pH shifts differentially shape these responses. The freshwater crab <jats:italic>Aegla jarai</jats:italic> and the cladoceran <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Daphnia magna</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> were exposed to aqueous ash extracts without suspended macroparticles (dissolved fraction) or containing suspended macroparticles (dissolved plus particulate fractions), alongside a control. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>D. magna</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> , treatments with and without pH correction disentangled intrinsic ash toxicity from the effects of alkalinization. In <jats:italic>A. jarai</jats:italic> , ash did not affect agonistic responsiveness, refuge use, or food consumption. However, locomotor activity increased during the food detection test, particularly in treatments containing macroparticles, consistent with reduced search efficiency without impairing ingestion. In contrast, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>D. magna</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> exhibited concentration‐dependent immobilization (a proxy for mortality), intensified by elevated pH and the presence of macroparticles. Effects on distance traveled were weaker and mainly associated with pH shifts. Together, these findings show that wildfire ash affects freshwater crustaceans through chemical and physical pathways. Ash‐induced pH shifts primarily drive ash toxicity, while suspended macroparticles amplify this effect, underscoring the need to consider both dissolved and particulate fractions in postwildfire risk assessments.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148688029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Metal Contamination and Human Health Risk in the Buffalo River Estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa","authors":"Motebang D. V. Nakin, Tolulope Elizabeth Aniyikaiye, Akinola Ikudayisi","doi":"10.1002/tox.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70177","url":null,"abstract":"Metal contamination in estuarine environments poses environmental and public health concerns, particularly where surface waters support domestic and subsistence uses. This study assessed the seasonal distribution, controlling mechanisms, and non‐carcinogenic health risks of selected metals (Mg, Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in the Buffalo River Estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Water samples were collected from 11 stations during wet and dry seasons and analyzed using standard methods. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to evaluate metal distribution, inter‐element relationships, and dominant controlling processes. Marked seasonal variability was observed, with higher concentrations of Al (97–1708 μg/L), Ba (7.4–29 μg/L), Fe (54–1751 μg/L), Mn (4–116 μg/L), and Zn (4–23 μg/L) during the wet season, while Mg concentrations were elevated in the dry season (10686–851 382 μg/L) relative to the wet season (1056–1313 μg/L). PCA indicated that wet‐season metal dynamics were governed by lithogenic and hydrological processes linked to runoff and suspended sediments, whereas dry‐season variability reflected sedimentary geochemical controls, redox processes, conservative mixing, and secondary anthropogenic inputs. Non‐carcinogenic health risk assessment for Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, and Zn showed Mn as the largest contributor to risk, although cumulative hazard indices for adults (2.19 × 10 <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> –1.39 × 10 <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) and children (8.10 × 10 <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> –5.01 × 10 <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) remained below unity, indicating low health risk. These findings highlight the dominance of seasonal geochemical processes, providing essential baseline data for water‐quality management, and underscore the need for continued monitoring to support effective water‐resource management.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"184 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triclosan Induces Oxidative Stress, Gene Expression Changes, and Cardiomyocyte Dysfunction in Magallana bilineata Heart Cell Cultures","authors":"Soumya Balakrishnan, Ambadi Kannan Maliyekkal Sajeevan, Isaac Sarojini Bright Singh, Jayesh Puthumana","doi":"10.1002/tox.70179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70179","url":null,"abstract":"Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound widely used in pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). It is classified as a contaminant of emerging concern (CEC) due to its environmental health implications. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the toxic effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of TCS in coastal and marine species, such as bivalves. In this study, the impact of triclosan on the primary heart cell cultures derived from the euryhaline coastal bivalve, <jats:italic>Magallana bilineata</jats:italic> , was investigated. The heart cells were exposed to various concentrations of TCS, and the IC <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> value was determined to be 2.1494 mg L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> . Following this, sub‐lethal toxicity tests based on cellular and molecular parameters were conducted using environmentally relevant TCS concentrations. The results demonstrated that TCS induces ROS (reactive oxygen species) production at environmentally relevant levels and also alters gene expression, as evident from the mRNA profiling of superoxide dismutase ( <jats:italic>Cu/Zn sod</jats:italic> ), catalase ( <jats:italic>cat</jats:italic> ), glutathione peroxidase ( <jats:italic>gpx</jats:italic> ), calmodulin ( <jats:italic>calm</jats:italic> ), and heat shock protein 70 ( <jats:italic>hsp70</jats:italic> ). Furthermore, cardiomyocyte beating patterns varied (contraction impairment, arrhythmic activity, or absence of cardiomyocyte clusters) depending on the TCS concentrations. The results point to ROS‐mediated disruptions in excitation–contraction coupling as a likely contributor, and further studies will strengthen mechanistic understanding. Overall, these findings provide critical insights into the cellular and molecular toxicity of environmentally relevant TCS concentrations and support the utility of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>M. bilineata</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> heart cell cultures for advancing aquatic toxicology research.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"291 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Structurally Related Organophosphate Esters Elicits Distinct Metabolomic Perturbations in Daphnia magna.","authors":"Salwa Hajir, Sanam Yousifie, Karl J Jobst, André J Simpson, Myrna J Simpson","doi":"10.1002/tox.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are found ubiquitously in the environment and exposure to these chemicals has induced behavioral, developmental, and morphological impairments in several model organisms. Yet there is still a lack of understanding of how sub-lethal exposure disrupts organism function at the molecular-level, especially for Daphnia magna. To address this knowledge gap, D. magna responses after exposure to three sub-lethal concentrations consisting of 23.5 mg/L, 59 mg/L, and 118 mg/L for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP); 2.5 mg/L, 6.25 mg/L, and 12.5 mg/L for tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) phosphate (TCPP); 0.125 mg/L, 0.312 mg/L, and 0.625 mg/L for triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) were examined. These OPEs were selected as they are frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems. Targeted mass spectrometry metabolomics was used to measure the molecular-level regulation of key metabolites after 48 h of exposure. Metabolomics technologies can capture changes of metabolite levels in model organisms exposed to sub-lethal concentrations where key metabolic pathways responsible for vital biological functions can be elucidated. Metabolic perturbations in amino acid levels were observed after exposure to OPEs with higher octanol-water partition coefficients (TCPP and TPhP). In addition to the perturbed metabolites shared across all tested OPEs, each OPE resulted in unique perturbations to select metabolites. Most metabolite concentrations exhibited non-monotonic responses following exposure to TCEP and TPhP. In contrast, after TCPP exposure, both non-monotonic and monotonic responses were observed across the measured metabolites. This study distinguishes specific metabolic disturbances that are unique to the side chains attached to the phosphate center when exposed to D. magna. Hence, these metabolites are most sensitive to OPE sub-lethal exposure. Providing novel insights into the diverse modes of action from sub-lethal OPE exposure to a sentinel species allows for more effective risk assessment and water monitoring strategies to be implemented for the protection of freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological, Biochemical and Molecular Investigations on the Potential Endocrine Disruption of Polystyrene Nanoparticles in Adult Male Albino Rats","authors":"Dina W. Bashir,&nbsp;Maha M. Rashad,&nbsp;Neven H. Hassan,&nbsp;Mona K. Galal,&nbsp;Yasmine H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/tox.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) pollute drinking water, aquatic ecosystems, and the food chain, destroying marine life. PS-NPs represent a significant risk to the environment and humans by contaminating soil and water, leading to cytotoxic effects on human health. This investigation aimed to ascertain whether PS-NPs could be hazardous to the thyroid and adrenal glands of male albino rats. Thirty rats were divided into three groups, with 10 rats in each group and five rats per cage. Group I received distilled water. Group II: PS-NPs (3 mg/kg body weight/day). Group III received daily doses of PS-NPs (10 mg/kg body weight). Samples of the thyroid and adrenal glands were obtained, processed, and tested biochemically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically. Results showed that both low and high doses of PS-NPs showed significantly elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and a significant reduction of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine(FT4). Biochemically, there was a significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity. Histopathological examination revealed nuclear pyknosis and slight hemorrhage in the cells of three zones of the adrenal gland cortex in a low dose of PS-NPs. Thyroid gland sections had a disrupted colloid secretion with altered histoarchitecture of follicular cells. There was downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 genes and upregulation of Cytochrome c genes. Cyclo-oxygenase-2, as an inflammatory marker, significantly increased in PS-NPs in low and high doses. We concluded that PS-NPs had adverse effects on the endocrine organs' structure and function.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 9","pages":"630-644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145855045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Stable Low-Cadmium Rice Cultivars and Derivation of Soil Cd Threshold Based on Bioconcentration Factor and Multi-Environment Analysis","authors":"Kai-Wei Juang,&nbsp;Chien-Hui Syu,&nbsp;Ting Tsai,&nbsp;Bo-Ching Chen","doi":"10.1002/tox.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils poses a significant threat to food safety and human health, especially in rice-consuming regions. This study aimed to identify rice cultivars with consistently low Cd accumulation and to establish a soil quality standard based on the bioconcentration factor (BCF) derived from field trials across 10 environments in central Taiwan. Fifteen rice cultivars were evaluated over four years (2020–2023), and BCF values were determined for each cultivar and environment. Genotypic and environmental effects on Cd accumulation were assessed using genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot analysis. The results indicated that environmental factors contributed the most to BCF variability (93.11%), followed by genotype–environment interaction (5.61%) and genotypic effect (1.28%). Several cultivars, including KH139 and TT30, exhibited stable and low BCF values across environments. Furthermore, the BCF values were used to construct a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curve fitted with the Burr Type III distribution, and the HC5 value was estimated for the derivation of food safety and health-based Cd soil thresholds. The former's soil threshold was 0.7 mg/kg, while the latter's ranged from 4.5–6.0 mg/kg depending on gender. The results suggest that the soil Cd threshold can be maintained at the current Taiwan's soil pollution control standard of 5 mg/kg. These findings provide scientific evidence for the development of site-specific, risk-based soil management strategies and cultivar selection to mitigate Cd exposure from rice consumption.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 9","pages":"593-603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145823285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic Exposure Through the Consumption of Four Marine Species From the Sea of Marmara","authors":"Şafak Ulusoy,&nbsp;Hande Doğruyol,&nbsp;Nuray Erkan,&nbsp;Sühendan Mol,&nbsp;Özkan Özden,&nbsp;Didem Üçok,&nbsp;Şehnaz Yasemin Tosun,&nbsp;İdil Can Tunçelli,&nbsp;Eda Dağsuyu,&nbsp;Refiye Yanardağ","doi":"10.1002/tox.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concerns regarding inorganic arsenic pollution in the Sea of Marmara have recently grown. This study evaluated arsenic (As) bioaccumulation in four commonly consumed marine species (<i>Engraulis encrasicolus</i>, <i>Trachurus trachurus</i>, <i>Trachurus mediterraneus</i>, <i>Parapenaeus longirostris</i>, and <i>Solea solea</i>) and assessed health risks for consumers. Arsenic concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). Shrimp and common sole had higher iAs concentrations than anchovy and horse mackerel. Estimated daily intake (EDI) values for all species exceeded the updated EFSA benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL₀₅ = 0.06 μg/kg bw/day), suggesting a potential health concern under recommended consumption. Additionally, noncarcinogenic risks (THQ &gt; 1) were identified for shrimp and common sole across all age groups. Carcinogenic risk assessments (TR &gt; 1.0 × 10⁻⁴) showed significant risks for shrimp, excluding children aged 1–3 years. Common sole posed carcinogenic risks for individuals aged 18 and above, while anchovy and horse mackerel were only risky for those aged 65 and above. These findings highlight the need for reliable monitoring programs to ensure seafood safety during environmental stressors like mucilage. While pelagic seafood from the Sea of Marmara is generally safe, efforts should focus on risk reduction and guidelines for safe and sustainable consumption.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 9","pages":"619-629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Glycine Protects the Male Reproductive System Against Lead Toxicity Via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Preventing Sperm Mitochondrial Impairment, Improving Kinematics of Sperm, and Blunting the Downregulation of Enzymes Involved in the Steroidogenesis","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/tox.70157","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>RETRACTION</b>: <span>M.M. Ommati</span>, <span>H.N. Ahmadi</span>, <span>S. Sabouri</span>, <span>S. Retana-Marquez</span>, <span>N. Abdoli</span>, <span>S. Rashno</span>, <span>H. Niknahad</span>, <span>A. Jamshidzadeh</span>, <span>K. Mousavi</span>, <span>M. Rezaei</span>, <span>A. Akhlagh</span>, <span>N. Azarpira</span>, <span>F. Khodaei</span>, and <span>R. Heidari</span>, “ <span>Glycine Protects the Male Reproductive System Against Lead Toxicity Via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Preventing Sperm Mitochondrial Impairment, Improving Kinematics of Sperm, and Blunting the Downregulation of Enzymes Involved in the Steroidogenesis</span>,” <i>Environmental Toxicology</i> <span>37</span>, no. <span>12</span> (<span>2022</span>): <span>2990</span>–<span>3006</span>, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23654.\u0000 </p><p>The above article, published online on 11 September 2022 in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, April Rodd; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. Concerns were raised to the editor by a third party, and were also noted on PubPeer [1], regarding duplicated images in Figure 8. The authors provided their original images and supporting materials, but these were not sufficient to resolve the concerns. The authors were also unable to provide a satisfactory explanation. The retraction has been agreed upon because of concerns that portions of the figures were duplicated, affecting the interpretation of the data and results presented. As a result, the editor has lost confidence in the conclusions published. The authors have been notified of this decision.</p><p>\u0000 <b>References</b>\u0000 </p><p>\u0000 [1] <span>Elisabeth M Bik</span>, “ <span>Glycine Protects the Male Reproductive System Against Lead Toxicity Via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Preventing Sperm Mitochondrial Impairment, Improving Kinematics of Sperm, and Blunting the Downregulation of Enzymes Involved in the Steroidogenesis</span>,” <i>PubPeer</i>, <span>2025</span>, https://pubpeer.com/publications/B908AE53A9A5053DAE038703945437\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tox.70157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148429008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}