ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.最新文献

{"title":"Measurements and Evaluation of Soils Through Quality Indicators in the Wapu Community","authors":"Anthony Narankas, Cristian Quinde, Alba Cuji, Juan Haro, William Carrillo","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v4i1.15824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v4i1.15824","url":null,"abstract":"very adequate favoring for soil analysis, the growth of agriculture and livestock have generated a high degree of erosion in the soil, altering the natural measurements. The way of extracting the respective samples is to evaluate measurements and parameters, within the Wapú community located in the province of Morona Santiago. Its goal is to define key soil parameters and thresholds for different ecoregions, delimit monitoring areas for regional observatories, agree on standards and methods for each region, and define sensitive areas to lay the groundwork for possible applications. In the emerging law of the land, different measured properties such as carbon, saturation, pH, infiltration rate, and bulk density were analyzed, it is also very important to define the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of the different types of soils monitored in the areas of the Wapú sector for better management, reduction, and protection of the quality of the environment produced by human activity. To evaluate the soil analysis, different types of areas with moderate relief were selected for sampling, with long and very long validation sectors (1000 m to 1600 m) and slopes from 3% to 9%. The results obtained showed that they are occupied soils for agriculture, the indicator data allows you to review the resistance and flexibility of the soil, and it is known that the different activities alter the soil. Using chemical, physical, and biological indicators, it was possible to successfully determine the quality of the soil in the Wapú community. \u0000Keywords: soil quality, parameters, extraction, monitoring, community, indicators. \u0000Resumen \u0000En el presente artículo de investigación se presentará los distintos indicadores para el muestreo del suelo que han garantizado un favorecimiento muy adecuado para el análisis de suelo, el crecimiento de la agricultura y ganadería han generado un alto grado de erosiones en el suelo alterando las medidas naturales, la manera de extracción de las respectivas muestras para evaluar medidas y parámetros, dentro de la comunidad Wapú ubicada en la provincia de Morona Santiago. Su objetivo es definir parámetros clave del suelo y umbrales para diferentes ecorregiones, delimitar áreas de monitoreo para observatorios regionales, acordar estándares y métodos para cada región y definir áreas sensibles para sentar las bases de posibles aplicaciones. la ley emergente de la tierra. Se analizó distintas propiedades medidas como carbono, saturación, pH, velocidad de infiltración, densidad aparente, también es muy importante definir las propiedades físicas, químicas y microbiológicas de los distintos tipos de suelos monitoreados en las áreas del sector Wapú para una mejor gestión, reducción y protección de la calidad del medio ambiente producido por la actividad humana. Para evaluar el análisis de suelo se seleccionaron para el muestreo diferentes tipos de áreas con relieve moderado, con sectores de validación largos y muy largos (1000m ","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Reading Comprehension in the Learning of University Students of Communication on the Discursive Construction of the Mass Media","authors":"Andrés Luna-Montalvo","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14474","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of a didactic model of reading comprehension for the learning of sports journalism, obtained encouraging results in the formation of university students of social communication, as it has to do with the recognition of the discursive construction of the mass media and its regional treatment of contents. The main purpose of this innovation in higher education was to contribute to the knowledge of the informative procedures of different communication companies in Ecuador and to account for the diversity of tastes and hobbies that make up the country. The methodology consisted of selecting readings from two comparable written media, belonging to different cities and regions of Ecuador. For this purpose, an innovative didactic model was experimented with in which reading comprehension places the student as the main actor in their learning process and places them in a technological ecosystem in which mobile devices, internet applications, or educational podcasts, live together in their classroom, where they build knowledge with these instruments.
 Keywords: reading comprehension, higher education, sports journalism.
 Resumen
 La implementación de un Modelo Didáctico de Comprensión Lectora para el aprendizaje del Periodismo Deportivo, obtuvo resultados alentadores en la formación de estudiantes universitarios de Comunicación Social, en cuanto tiene que ver al reconocimiento de la construcción discursiva de los mass media y su tratamiento regional de contenidos. El principal propósito de esta innovación en la educación superior, fue contribuir a la cognición del procedimiento informativo de diferentes empresas de comunicación del Ecuador, para dar razón de la diversidad en gustos y aficiones que componen al país. La metodología consistió en seleccionar lecturas de dos medios de comunicación escritos homologables, pertenecientes a distintas ciudades y regiones del Ecuador. Para el efecto se experimentó con un Modelo Didáctico innovador en el que la comprensión lectora ubica al estudiante como el actor principal en su proceso de aprendizaje y lo coloca en un ecosistema tecnológico en el que los dispositivos móviles, las aplicaciones de internet o los podcasts educativos, conviven en su aula de clases, donde construye conocimiento con estos instrumentos.
 Palabras Clave: comprensión lectora, educación superior, periodismo deportivo","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABP and STEAM as Active Learning Methodologies El","authors":"Patricio Santillán-Aguirre, Edgar Jaramillo-Moyano, Lorena Hernández- Andrade, Ramiro Santos-Poveda","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14485","url":null,"abstract":"The present research aims to determine the effectiveness of the PBL and STEAM as active learning methodologies in higher education. These were applied in the context of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, representing tools for the progress of educational research and university training in practice. The aforementioned study was framed in the quantitative paradigm, done in the academic period from April to August 2022 for the Software major, with a total of 32 students, 27 male and 5 female. They responded to a dichotomous questionnaire with closed answers Yes and No, applied in the context of the classroom in person from the perspective of the active methodology used in classes by teachers and the perspective of the improvement of learning by the subjects involved in the specific academic context. The conclusions allowed us to infer that the participants in the academic process have seen important progress in the field of teaching and learning in the practice of the specialty, exposing that they require innovations in instruction to be implemented, modifying the teaching method. With this, it is possible to obtain better and greater skills and achievements at a collective and individual level, so all of them coincide in the value of using the two active learning methodologies, PBL and STEAM in the development of skills and abilities in the software engineering major at the Polytechnic of Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Chimborazo, Ecuador.
 Keywords: active methodologies, PBL, STEAM, software, higher education, university learning.
 Resumen
 La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficacia de la metodología ABP y STEAM como metodologías activas del aprendizaje en la educación superior, estas fueron aplicadas en el contexto de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, representan herramientas para el progreso de la investigación educativa y de la formación universitaria en la práctica. El referido estudio estuvo enmarcado en el paradigma cuantitativo, realizado en el periodo académico de abril a agosto de 2022 de la carrera de Software, siendo en total 32 estudiantes, 27 masculinos y 5 femeninos. Los cuales respondieron a un cuestionario dicotómico, con respuestas cerradas Sí y No, aplicado en el contexto del aula de clases, de forma presencial sobre la perspectiva de la metodología activa empleada en clases por los docentes y la perspectiva de mejora de los aprendizajes por parte de los sujetos involucrados en el contexto académico puntual. Las conclusiones permitieron inferir que los participantes del proceso académico han visto importantes progresos en el ámbito de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en la práctica de la especialidad, exponiendo que requieren sean implementadas innovaciones en la instrucción, modificando el método de enseñanza, expresaron que con esto es posible obtener mejores y mayores destrezas y logros a nivel colectivo e individual, por lo que la totalidad de los mismos coinciden en el va","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Perception of the Residents of Olón, Montañita, and Valdivia as a Conditioning Factor in the Satisfaction of Tourists","authors":"O. Bravo Acosta, S. Mendoza Pin, M. Hinojosa Ramos, J Ascencio Moreno","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14480","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to understand the social perception of the communities of Olón, Montañita, and Valdivia in the sociocultural, socio-territorial, and socio-cognitive dimensions, as a determining factor in the satisfaction of national and foreign tourists in terms of destination, service, and infrastructure. The design is nonexperimental, with a correlational scope and a mixed approach. Data collection techniques used were a semi-structured interview with 24 residents and a survey of 396 residents and 396 tourists. STATIS Dual and MPLS (multiway partial least squares) were the software used for the treatment of quantitative information. It was determined that the social perception in the three communes was relatively similar, the sociocultural dimension being the best scored for being linked to the tourist development of Olón and Montañita. Whereas a significant difference was observed between the communes in terms of tourist satisfaction, placing Montañita as the leader in all dimensions of the variable, followed by Olón and Valdivia. With an adjustment of 69%, the MPLS model was directly related to the variables, implying that any change in the perception of the residents affects the satisfaction of tourists.
 Keywords: tourist satisfaction, social perception, spondylus route.
 Resumen
 El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la percepción social de las comunidades de Olón, Montañita y Valdivia en las dimensiones socio cultural, socio territorial y socio cognitivo, como condicionante en la satisfacción de los turistas nacionales y extranjeros en cuanto al destino, servicio e infraestructura. El diseño es no experimental, de alcance correlacional y enfoque mixto; como técnicas de recolección de datos se utilizaron: entrevista semi estructurada a 24 residentes y, encuesta a 396 residentes y 396 turistas. Para el tratamiento de la información cuantitativa se utilizaron software STATIS Dual y MPLS (Multiway partial least squares). Se determinó que la percepción social en las tres comunas es relativamente similar, siendo la dimensión socio cultural la mejor puntuada por encontrarse ligada al desarrollo turístico de Olón y Montañita; mientras que, existe diferencia significativa entre las comunas en cuanto a satisfacción de los turistas, colocando a Montañita como líder en todas las dimensiones de la variable, seguida de Olón y Valdivia. Con un ajuste de 69%, el modelo MPLS relacionó directamente las variables, implicando que cualquier cambio en la percepción de los residentes incide sobre la satisfacción de los turistas.
 Palabras Clave: satisfacción del turista, percepción social, ruta spondylus.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical Simulators for the Study of the Integral Calculus of Engineering Students","authors":"G. Viñamagua, R. Quishpe, E. Paucar, S. Castillo","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14469","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, technological tools have positioned themselves in the first places of human development, and higher education has not been the exception. This research aims to improve academic performance with the application of mathematical simulators (Wólfram Alpha, GeoGebra, Derive, and Matlab) as a didactic strategy for the study of integral calculus in engineering students. This research has a quantitative approach, which allows for the investigation of the data from academic activities; likewise, it includes an explanatory study with the purpose of verifying the relationship that exists between the dependent and independent variables. In addition, the method of the questionnaire technique with raised exercises was used, and then the qualification averages of the groups were taken. Similarly, the perspective provided a solid base to analyze the data objectively and establish statistical relationships between the variables involved. The methodology used in this study was to obtain precise and measurable information on the impact of mathematical simulators on learning integral calculus. The questionnaire technique with posed exercises made it possible to collect data directly from the participants, providing detailed information on their understanding and performance in relation to integral calculus. The exercises posed in the questionnaire served as a structured way to assess the knowledge and skills acquired by students. The design applied in the study is made up of two control and experimental groups, applying the pretest and posttest methods. For the analysis and interpretation of data, the parametric statistical student’s T-test was used for related samples, where the simulators significantly influenced the learning of integral calculus, at a significance level of 5%. The results of the analysis indicated that the mathematical simulators significantly influenced the learning of integral calculus. That is, statistically significant improvements were observed in the academic performance of the students after the intervention with the simulators. Briefly, the study used a two-group (control and experimental) design, applied pretest and posttest methods to assess academic performance, and used the Student’s T-test for related samples in data analysis. Therefore, the importance of the role of the teacher in the learning process of higher mathematics is exemplified.
 Keywords: mathematical simulators, integral calculus, Derive, GeoGebra, Wolfram, Matlab.
 Resumen
 Actualmente, las herramientas tecnológicas se han posicionado en los primeros lugares del desarrollo humano, y la Educación Superior no ha sido la excepción, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad mejorar el rendimiento académico con la aplicación de los simuladores matemáticos (Wólfram Alpha, GeoGebra, Derive y Matlab), como estrategia didáctica del estudio del cálculo integral en los estudiantes de ingeniería. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitati","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions: Theoretical Management of the Carbon Footprint at UNESUM","authors":"J Muentes, M Alcívar, E León, C Chata","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14423","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education institutions (HEI) play a fundamental role, potentially generating positive and negative social and environmental impacts. The quantification of environmental indicators such as the carbon footprint (CF) within HEI allows for evaluation of the negative impact generated. In turn, the pertinent management of the CF permits valuing the environmental position of the HEI according to its level of resources consumption and generation of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The objective of this study was to estimate the CF of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM) and to propose an integrating approach that affirms its environmental commitment to move toward being a sustainable campus. Several authors have identified that the activities of HEI and their infrastructure are essential points in management and sustainability. In this context, the integration of an environmental management system (EMS) and the green building initiative are two approaches with great potential for fulfilling the second stated objective.
 Keywords: carbon footprint (CF), greenhouse gases (GHG), climate crisis, sustainability, mitigation.
 Resumen 
 Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) juegan un papel fundamental siendo potencialmente generadoras de impactos sociales y ambientales positivos y negativos. La cuantificación de indicadores ambientales como la Huella de Carbono (HC) dentro de las IES permite evaluar el impacto negativo generado; a su vez, la gestión pertinente de la HC admite valorar la posición medioambiental de la IES respecto a su nivel de consumo de recursos y generación de emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI). El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la HC de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM) y plantear un enfoque integrador que permita afirmar su compromiso medioambiental para encaminarse a ser un campus sustentable. Varios autores han identificado que las actividades de las IES y su infraestructura son puntos esenciales en la gestión y sostenibilidad. Bajo ese contexto, la integración de un Sistema de Gestión Ambiental (SGA) y la iniciativa de construcción ecológica son dos enfoques con un gran potencial para el cumplimiento del segundo objetivo planteado.
 Palabras Clave: Huella de Carbono (HC), Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI), crisis climática, sostenibilidad, mitigación.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in the digital competencies of students at the Universidad Central del Ecuador, Variables Potential to Develop Them and Information Management","authors":"Dra. María De Lourdes López-López Ph.D","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14492","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to establish the differences between female and male students at the Central University of Ecuador in terms of the development of digital competencies in the variables potential to develop them and information management. The hypothesis was that female students of the Universidad Central del Ecuador had less development of digital competencies than male students in the variables potential for developing them and information management. It was concluded that in the first variable, female and male students showed similar potential to develop digital competencies; in the second variable, in all indicators, women had less mastery than men, so the hypothesis was verified.
 Keywords: digital divide, digital competence, university students, gender, ICTs.
 Resumen
 El estudio responde al objetivo Establecer diferencias entre el alumnado femenino y masculino de la Universidad Central del Ecuador en cuanto al desarrollo de las competencias digitales en las variables Potencial para desarrollarlas y Gestión de la Información. La hipótesis planteada fue: El alumnado femenino de la Universidad Central del Ecuador presenta menor desarrollo de las competencias digitales que el alumnado masculino en las variables Potencial para desarrollarlas y Gestión de la Información. Se concluyó que, en la primera variable, el alumnado femenino y masculino manifiestan tener similar Potencial para desarrollar Competencias Digitales; en la segunda variable, en todos los indicadores las mujeres tienen menor dominio que los hombres, por lo que se verificó la hipótesis planteada. La estructura de este artículo incluye una breve revisión teórica, el método utilizado, los resultados obtenidos, la discusión y conclusiones.
 Palabras Clave: Brecha digital, Competencia digital, Estudiantes universitarios, Género, TIC.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premature Ovarian Insufficiency, an important cause of early menopause: Review of the literature with clinical case reports","authors":"E.P. Robles Granda, F.N. Briones Moreira","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14483","url":null,"abstract":"Early menopause is established by the definitive cessation of menstrual cycles and marks the end of the reproductive stage of women before the age of 40. This condition can be caused by premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) of spontaneous development or external causes, which impairs the reproductive capacity of young women and their quality of life, with medium and long-term consequences such as genitourinary dysfunction, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, decreased bone mineral density, cardiovascular, cognitive alterations, among others. Its prevalence is around 1% in those under 40 years of age, and the objective of this work is to review important aspects of premature ovarian insufficiency and its relationship with the development of menopause, objectified through the report of 2 significant clinical cases. Case 1: A 26-year-old patient, nulliparous, with amenorrhea from the age of 22 to the current date, with values of FSH and LH, Estradiol, and anti-Müllerian Hormone, compatible with menopause. Case 2: A 30-year-old patient, nulliparous, who at the age of 16 underwent right oophorectomy for immature cystic teratoma, with 6 months of amenorrhea and FSH, LH, Estradiol, and anti- Müllerian hormone values compatible with menopause. Both patients suffered from menstrual irregularities since their menarche, which was evaluated by specialists when the periods of amenorrhea were extensive. This underscores the importance of a timely evaluation of IOP in young people who persist with menstrual disorders after 2 years of menarche, with diagnostic studies and management that help preserve their reproductive health to which they are entitled.
 Keywords: Primary ovarian insufficiency, menopause premature, amenorrhea.
 Resumen
 La menopausia precoz se establece por el cese definitivo de los ciclos menstruales y marca el final de la etapa reproductiva de la mujer antes de los 40 años. Esta condición puede producirse por Insuficiencia Ovárica Prematura (IOP) de desarrollo espontáneo o causas externas, que deteriora la capacidad reproductiva de mujeres jóvenes y su calidad de vida, con consecuencias a mediano y largo plazo como disfunción genito-urinaria, dislipidemias, insulino resistencia, densidad ósea disminuida, alteraciones cardiovasculares, cognitivas, entre otras. Su prevalencia es alrededor del 1% en menores de 40 años, y el objetivo de este trabajo es revisar aspectos importantes de la Insuficiencia ovárica prematura y su relación con la menopausia, objetivado a través del reporte de 2 casos clínicos significativos. Caso 1: Paciente de 26 años, nuligesta, con amenorrea desde los 22 años hasta fecha actual, con valores de FSH y LH, Estradiol y Hormona antimulleriana, compatibles con menopausia. Caso 2: Paciente de 30 años, nuligesta, quien a los 16 años fue operada de ooforectomía derecha por teratoma quístico inmaduro, con 6 meses de amenorrea y valores de FSH, LH, Estradiol y Hormona antimulleriana compatibles con menopausia. Ambas","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Sustainable Remediation Techniques for Heavy Metal Reduction in Polluted Rivers in Mining Zones: Study Area Ponce Enriquez","authors":"P. Almeida-Guerra, J. Pindo, M. Hernandez, J. Coronel","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14450","url":null,"abstract":"Mining activity in Ecuador is primarily artisanal and small-scale. Rivers near the mining county of Camilo Ponce Enriquez have been severely affected by this type of mining. A field study was conducted encompassing 29 sites on the rivers Siete, Fermin, and Pagua during sampling campaigns that took place in both dry (December) and wet seasons (February). Physiochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations were measured to enable environmental characterization of the rivers. Results revealed that most of the sampled sites had bad water quality and exceeded the environmental limits of heavy metal concentrations set by the Ecuadorian government. A parallel pilot investigation was performed for reducing the heavy metal concentrations in water ecosystems polluted by mining activities using bioremediation techniques. The bioremediation technique applied in the study used bacteria from a wastewater digestor and sugarcane bagasse as a carbon source to support the bacterial community. Sulfide was measured to monitor bacterial activity in experimental bioreactors containing local acid mine drainage (AMD). The results obtained were encouraging, as a significant decrease in heavy metal concentration was observed to nearly the level of Ecuadorian environmental regulations for Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn concentrations in freshwater in a set of bioreactors.
 Keywords: acid drainage, artisanal mining, bioremediation, heavy metals, pollution.
 Resumen 
 La actividad minera en el Ecuador es principalmente artesanal y de pequeña escala. Los ríos cercanos al área minera de Camilo Ponce Enríquez se han visto severamente afectados por este tipo de minería. Se realizó un estudio de campo en 29 sitios sobre los ríos Siete, Fermín y Pagua durante campañas de muestreo que se realizaron tanto en la época seca (diciembre) como en época húmeda (febrero). Se midieron parámetros fisicoquímicos y concentraciones de metales pesados para permitir la caracterización ambiental de los ríos. Los resultados revelaron que la mayoría de los sitios muestreados tienen agua de mala calidad y excedieron los límites ambientales de concentración de metales pesados establecidos por el gobierno ecuatoriano. También se realizó una investigación piloto paralela destinada a reducir las concentraciones de metales pesados en ecosistemas acuáticos contaminados por actividades mineras utilizando técnicas de biorremediación. La técnica de biorremediación aplicada en el estudio utilizó bacterias de un digestor de aguas residuales y bagazo de caña de azúcar como fuente de carbono para apoyar a la comunidad bacteriana. Se midió el sulfuro para controlar la actividad bacteriana en biorreactores experimentales que contenían drenaje ácido minero (AMD) local. Los resultados obtenidos son alentadores ya que en un conjunto de biorreactores se observó una disminución significativa de las concentraciones de algunos metales pesados alcanzando casi en su mayoría el nivel permisible según las regu","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Informal Housing to Housing at Risk, Preliminary Diagnosis of Some Neighborhoods in Quito","authors":"N. V. Merizalde Zapata, M. L. Lara Calderón","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14440","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the twentieth century in Ecuador, collective housing projects undertaken by the state began to emerge, while informal settlements consolidated on the outskirts of the city. The way in which these neighborhoods were consolidated has had an impact on the quality of life of their inhabitants. By allowing them to identify natural, social, and anthropic risks, they have accentuated and conditioned the safety of users, such as hillside location, context, materiality, accessibility, mobility, infrastructure, etc. The research is based on a comparative study of risks in three neighborhoods of Quito, to understand that both the participation of the people and the cooperation of the regulating entity are important for giving rise to housing projects. Based on the method proposed by Livingston and supported by the literature and bibliographic review, we seek to identify the risks that are generated or emphasized in the different stages of housing, highlighting the importance of building an integrated city based on the inhabitants and their way of inhabiting the space. Finally, we seek to understand that in the creation of housing projects, the appropriation of space makes it possible to turn a neighborhood into a community that reflects the diverse way of living of the users.
 Keywords: citizen participation, social housing, informal settlements, Quito.
 Resumen 
 En la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Ecuador empezaron a surgir proyectos de vivienda colectiva emprendidos por el estado central, en paralelo en la periferia de la ciudad se consolidaron asentamientos informales. La forma en la que se consolidaron estos barrios ha tenido un impacto en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes; esto ha permitido identificar riesgos naturales, sociales y antrópicos, los mismos que se han acentuado y condicionan la seguridad de los usuarios, tales como ubicación sobre laderas, contexto, materialidad, accesibilidad, movilidad, infraestructura, etc. La investigación se basa en un estudio comparativo sobre riesgos presentes en tres barrios de Quito, con el fin de entender que tanto la participación de las personas como la cooperación de la entidad reguladora, son importantes al momento de dar lugar a proyectos de vivienda. Partiendo del método propuesto por Livingston y apoyado en la revisión literaria y bibliográfica, se busca identificar los riesgos que se generan o enfatizan en las diferentes etapas de la vivienda, resaltando la importancia de construir una ciudad integrada que tiene como base a los habitantes y su forma de habitar el espacio. Finalmente, se busca entender que en la creación de proyectos habitacionales la apropiación del espacio permite convertir a un barrio en una comunidad que refleja la forma diversa de habitar de los usuarios.
 Palabras Clave: Participación Ciudadana, Vivienda Social, Asentamientos Informales, Quito.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}