{"title":"Entrepreneurial Technology and Innovation in the Canton of Alausí","authors":"Erazo Castillo José, Paredes Peralta Diana, Maldonado Alvarado Edison","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12193","url":null,"abstract":"Ecuador is considered an entrepreneurial and innovative country. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and the Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute (GEDI), the tendency to start a business and innovate in Ecuador is amongst the highest in the world. Thus, this study investigates the latest technological innovations as well as managerial strategies adopted by start-ups in Alausí during the challenging period of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a descriptive analysis that uses quantitative data collected through a survey of a representative sample of entrepreneurs in Alausí and its surrounding areas. It is also a nonexperimental, cross-sectional study. Moreover, data were analyzed and the main findings suggested that at least a quarter of start-ups adopted new channels for both promoting and commercializing products and services, making use of social media and online platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and Zoom, amongst others. Additionally, it was found that some entrepreneurs went further and took other measures such as reducing working hours and salaries as a way to lower their operating costs and retaining employees, which allowed them to continue operating during the sanitary crisis. \u0000Keywords: business innovation, entrepreneurship, business technology. \u0000Resumen \u0000Ecuador es un país eminentemente emprendedor e innovador, de acuerdo con el (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor - GEM y Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute - GEDI) la tendencia a empezar un negocio e innovar se encuentra entre las más altas del mundo. Por este motivo, se ha considerado un tema coyuntural de interés para la investigación científica que busca determinar las estrategias de innovación tecnológica y administrativa adoptadas por los emprendimientos del cantón Alausí como respuesta a los desafíos presentes en medio de la pandemia. Para lo cual se utilizó el método de enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo, según el grado de control y aleatoriedad es un diseño no experimental de estudio transversal, que se dió inicio por medio de la revisión de la literatura y la aplicación de encuestas a una muestra representativa de los emprendedores del cantón Alausí. Los datos se analizaron y codificaron de acuerdo a lo propuesto por la metodología, se encontró que la cuarta parte de los emprendimientos adoptó nuevos canales de comercialización y promoción de sus productos y servicios, a través de plataformas digitales y redes sociales como WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, Zoom, entre otros. Adicionalmente, se determinó que algunos emprendedores adoptaron la reducción de horas de trabajo y el salario como estrategia de optimización de costos operativos, como alternativa de retención a sus empleados, por lo que lograron mantener el funcionamiento de sus operaciones durante la crisis sanitaria. \u0000Palabras Clave: innovación en los negocios, emprendimiento, tecnología en los negocios.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88994596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Communication and Its Influence on Consumer Habits During Health Emergencies","authors":"Trujillo S, Moyano P, C. J.","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12224","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual Social Networks, such as Facebook, text messages, and instant messaging, have produced a great flow of real-time data like never seen before. This has turned multitasking into an information management strategy (Campos, 2018, p. 5). Currently, social networks have become a massive economic medium and generated many expectations due to the growth potential they offer. The sample of this study was made up of 213 marketing students of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo – 110 female and 103 male students from the Coast, Sierra, and Amazon regions. Results show that digital communication informs and influences the decision of a consumer to purchase goods and services. \u0000Keywords: digital marketing, consumers, services, social networks. \u0000Resumen \u0000Las Redes Sociales Virtuales, tales como Facebook, mensajes de texto y mensajería instantánea han producido un gran flujo de datos en tiempo real, como nunca antes se vio. Lo que ha convertido a la multitarea en una estrategia de gestión de la información. (Campos, 2018, pág. 5), en la actualidad las redes sociales se han convertido en un medio económico, oportuno y masivo, y han generado muchas expectativas por el potencial que brindan al desarrollo de las diferentes funciones en una organización. La muestra objeto de estudio la constituyeron 213 estudiantes de la Carrera de Mercadotecnia de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, 110 educandos del género femenino y 103 del género masculino y pertenecen a las regiones Costa, Sierra y Amazonía. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la comunicación digital informa e influye en la decisión de compra de bienes y servicios sin que los mismos se encuentren estrechamente relacionados con la satisfacción de sus necesidades elementales. \u0000Palabras Clave: marketing digital, consumidores, servicios, redes sociales.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79841938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Illegal Mining and Environmental Impact in the Muluncay Grande Parish, Zaruma Canton, El Oro Province","authors":"Gianella Estefanía Cabrera Aguilar, Gutiérrez Broncano Iveth Karolina, Villacis Segovia Mirian Katherine","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12222","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental impact caused by mining in the province of El Oro, canton Zaruma, has brought serious and irreparable consequences to the environment; mining has been present for some time and so has the lack of control in the mining activities in the cantons of El Oro. This research investigates the environmental impact of illegal mining in the Zaruma canton by analyzing the contamination levels in the surrounding areas to establish mitigation alternatives for the vulnerable sectors. A descriptive method with a qualitative and quantitative approach was used. An in-depth explanation of the phenomenon and the problem was established in the most complete way possible to obtain results through observation. The quantitative research design was applied using a survey of the inhabitants of the Muluncay Parish for understanding their concerns. The qualitative research allowed us to establish the differences between the data collected through the bibliographic sources and surveys, and the results obtained by researchers through observation and then finally conclude that mining is one of the most damaging activities for the environment, owing to its cataclysmic consequences. However, this does not mean that mining should be ended in the bud. Mineral exploitation should be reached but it should not harm the environment. \u0000Keywords: environment, mining, environmental impact, inhabitants, economic source, el oro. \u0000Resumen \u0000El impacto ambiental ocasionado por la minería en la provincia de El Oro, cantón Zaruma, ha traído consecuencias graves e irreparables al medioambiente; la minería ha estado presente ya desde tiempo atrás provocando un descontrol realizado por las actividades mineras en los cantones de la parte alta de la provincia. El objetivo de esta investigación es indagar el impacto medioambiental generado por la minería ilegal en el cantón Zaruma, mediante el análisis de los niveles de contaminación en los sectores aledaños para establecer alternativas de mitigación en los sectores vulnerables, para lo cual se precisó como metodología el empleo de una investigación descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa en la que se estableció de la manera más completa posible la explicación a fondo del fenómeno y la problemática, con el fin de resultados a través de la observación. El diseño de investigación cuantitativo se aplicó por medio de una encuesta a los habitantes de la Parroquia Muluncay para concretar acorde a sus inquietudes, y en la investigación cualitativa escogido para el presente trabajo ha permitido establecer una diferencia entre los datos recopilados por las fuentes bibliográficas, encuestas y los resultados obtenidos por los investigadores a través de la observación, para finalmente concluir que la minería es considerada como una de las actividades más perjudiciales para el medioambiente, por sus consecuencias y efectos que deja; sin embargo, esto no significa que se deba terminar de raíz con la minería. Se debería llegar a una explotación de ","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83291422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian Alexander Mejía Ortiz, Mera Rojas Gissela Estefania, Ruiz Sudario Vivian Lizbeth, Sánchez Mora Jessenia Lizbeth
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on Child Labor in the Province of Chimborazo","authors":"Cristian Alexander Mejía Ortiz, Mera Rojas Gissela Estefania, Ruiz Sudario Vivian Lizbeth, Sánchez Mora Jessenia Lizbeth","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12202","url":null,"abstract":"Child labor violates the children’s fundamental rights and interrupts their intellectual growth and potential. The prevalence of child labor in Ecuador has increased significantly in recent years, and the COVID-19 health crisis has only aided it. The province of Chimborazo over time has taken the lead amongst the other Ecuadorian provinces, showing a significant increase in the rate of child labor which has now become too complex to solve. Although, as a result of COVID-19, the rate of child labor has increased worldwide, the national and provincial rate of child labor in Ecuador significantly reduced due to the social distancing policies. However, once the infections were controlled, it resumed the pre-pandemic situation as many children from low-income families were forced to seek alternative income to survive during the pandemic; likewise, all commercial, production, and service activities were affected. \u0000 Keywords: protection, rights, child labor, violence, diseases, vulnerability, public policy, education, health, Covid-19. \u0000Resumen \u0000El trabajo infantil es una actividad prohibida para los niños, niñas y adolescentes ya que existe derechos que los amparan de esta acción, esta actividad interrumpe el proceso de crecimiento en cuanto a su intelecto, capacidades, aspiraciones y el potencial que cada uno de ellos puede demostrar, para su desarrollo integral. El trabajo Infantil en el Ecuador ha incrementado de manera significativa durante los últimos años, y a causa de la crisis sanitaria el índice de trabajo infantil siguió prevaleciendo en el Ecuador. Chimborazo con el paso del tiempo ha ocupado el primer lugar con relación a las otras provincias del Ecuador, mostrando un progreso significativo de este problema social que es complejo de solventar. A raíz de la Covid-19 el índice de trabajo infantil a incrementado a nivel mundial, sin embargo, a nivel país y a nivel provincias, se ha reducido significativamente por el confinamiento, pero una vez que se controló los contagios, esta volvió a tomar posición ya que muchos niños y niñas de familias de escasos recursos se vieron en la obligación de buscar alternativas de ingresos para subsistir durante la pandemia, así mismo toda actividad comercial, de producción y servicios se vio afectada. \u0000Palabras Clave: protección, derechos, trabajo infantil, violencia, enfermedades, vulnerabilidad, política pública, educación, salud, Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75220803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Project for the Relocation of Informal Traders From the Oriental Market in the City of Riobamba, Year 2022","authors":"Castro Siguencia Daniela Alexandra, Moreno García Yomayra Lizbeth, Velasco Velasco Mayra Jacqueline, Zambrano Ponce Estefany Gabriela","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12220","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in informal activities is a problem in the Ecuadorian economy and those who develop it are considered vulnerable groups since they do not have a permanent job with due benefits of the law that a formal job would offer them. Since their economic income is unstable, they run the risk of financial vulnerability. The present research aims to analyze the possibility of relocation of informal traders from the oriental market of the city of Riobamba to formal commerce, also investigating the acceptance of it by merchants and their situation from the standpoints of educational level of the merchants and their work history and the time they dedicate to their work using a survey with a six-question questionnaire. A mixed research approach with qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Out of the 355 informal merchants located around the Oriental market in the city of Riobamba, the survey was applied to a total sample of 185 informal merchants. This allowed us to reach the conclusion, make recommendations, and reform proposals so that the Decentralized Autonomous Governments are in charge of regulating and protecting the self-employed workers, for which two reform proposals to the Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy and Decentralization and the Organic Law of Popular and Solidarity Economy are made. \u0000Keywords: trade, market, employment, education, unemployment, Riobamba. \u0000Resumen \u0000El incremento de la actividad informal es un problema en la economía ecuatoriana y a quienes lo desarrollan se considera grupos vulnerables ya que no cuentan con un trabajo fijo con el que cuenten con los debidos beneficios de ley que un trabajo formal les ofrecería. Puesto que sus ingresos económicos no son estables, su situación tampoco por lo que corren el riesgo de presentar situaciones de vulnerabilidad financiera. La investigación tiene el objetivo de analizar la posibilidad de reubicación de los comerciantes informales del mercado Oriental de la ciudad de Riobamba para incorporarlos al comercio formal, indagando también en la aceptación de la misma por parte de los comerciantes y su situación en aspectos como el nivel educativo de los comerciantes, sus antecedentes laborales y tiempo en el que se dedican a este trabajo, aplicando para ello una encuesta con un cuestionario de seis preguntas. Se utilizó un enfoque de investigación mixto ya que, para la misma, se usaron tanto métodos cualitativos como cuantitativos. Se consideró como población de estudio a 355 comerciantes informales ubicados alrededor del mercado Oriental la ciudad de Riobamba, se aplicó para la obtención de información la encuesta a una muestra total de 185 comerciantes informales. Lo que ha permitido llegar a las conclusiones, recomendaciones y propuesta de reforma para que sean los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados en las funciones que le corresponde se encargué de regular y proteger a los trabajadores autónomos por cual se presentó dos propuestas de reformas al Código O","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85385026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing Accounting As a Power Device from Michael Foucault’s Perspective","authors":"A. Berrones","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12232","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to analyze accounting as a power device from Michael Foucault’s perspective, as it allows to identify power when making decisions about the development of financial and administrative activities of an organization. Accountants during the presentation of information to managers are exposed to social, economic, and political pressures, among others. Thus, involving clients, competitors, and suppliers as potential representatives of the changes, the same ones that go through different moral conditions, helps in establishing possible trends where power manifests more personal interest than collective interest in the accounting process of organizations. An attempt is made to articulate the term “power” from the collective point of view, as it is a difficult factor to control and determine the gaps that exist between social and accounting practice and its structures with society. A theoretical method was applied to understand relevant facts and phenomena during the research process and conclusions are finally presented to promote future research. \u0000 Keywords: forces of power, accounting, financial statements. \u0000 Resumen \u0000El propósito de la presente investigación es analizar a la contabilidad como dispositivo de poder desde el pensamiento Michael Foucault, debido a que permitirá identificar el poder al momento de tomar decisiones sobre el desarrollo de las actividades financieras y administrativas de la organización. Los contadores durante la presentación de la información a los directivos se ven expuestos a presiones sociales, económicas, políticas, entre otras, involucrando así a los clientes, competidores y proveedores como potenciales representantes de los cambios, los mismos que atraviesan diferentes condiciones morales, lo cual permitirá establecer posibles tendencias donde el poder manifiesta más interés personal que colectivo en el proceso contable de las organizaciones. Se intenta articular el término poder desde el punto de vista colectivo, debido a que es un factor difícil de controlar y determinar las brechas que existen entre la práctica social, contable y sus estructuras con la sociedad. Se aplicó el método teórico para comprender hechos y fenómenos relevantes durante el proceso de investigación y finalmente se exponen conclusiones para promover futuras investigaciones. \u0000Palabras Clave: fuerzas de poder, contabilidad, estados financieros.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86615809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inclusion Program for Raising the Economic Income of the Wholesale Market Traders of Riobamba, Ecuador","authors":"D. Escobar, J. Viñán, A. Logroño","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12227","url":null,"abstract":"The problems seen in the Riobamba Wholesale Market are related to the concentration of the financial system in urban areas. Large sectors in need have been relegated, either because of their economic condition or their place of residence. The difficulty for traders to get loans restricts them from taking steps toward business improvement and undertaking new projects. This study aims to propose a financial inclusion program to promote an increase in the economic income of wholesale traders in Riobamba. The study uses a qualitative and quantitative approach. The information was collected through structured surveys with multiple choice questions directed toward the sectoral distribution of traders. A representative sample was extracted from the total population of the traders registered in the Riobamba Wholesale Market. The results showed that traders are agents of entrepreneurship and require loans to expand or manage new businesses with the capacity to repay. Furthermore, there is a willingness for partnership and adoption of policies of a social and solidarity-based inclusive economy following the principles of plural economy, reciprocity, social sustainability, ecological sustainability, and social efficiency. In addition, they rely on cooperative work. The greatest interest in the Financial Inclusion Program is seen in the tomato, fruit, corn, and potato trades, which include the largest number of merchants. They expect the new program to include ATM services, mobile banking, and savings plans. In conclusion, the financial inclusion program acts by offering services that are related to the banks or credit unions, the ones that offer the greatest advantages. It is a great alternative to improve the economic incomes of traders in the Riobamba market. \u0000Keywords: financial inclusion, social and solidarity economy. \u0000Resumen \u0000Los problemas que se aprecian en el Mercado Mayorista de Riobamba están relacionados con la concentración del sistema financiero en centros urbanos, relegando a grandes sectores necesitados ya sea por su condición económica como por su lugar de residencia. La dificultad de los comerciantes para acceder a créditos no les permite mejorar sus negocios y menos aún emprender nuevos proyectos. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue plantear un programa de inclusión financiera que promueva el incremento de ingresos económicos, el mismo que estará sujeto a su hipótesis. Esta investigación tiene enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, cuya información se recabó por medio de encuestas estructuradas con preguntas de opción múltiple e información secundaria sobre la distribución sectorial de los comerciantes. La población total de comerciantes registrados en el Mercado Mayorista Riobamba de la cual se extrajo una muestra representativa, donde los resultados indican que los comerciantes son agentes de emprendimiento que requieren de créditos para ampliar o gestionar nuevos negocios, tienen capacidad para solventar pagos y que existe buena disposi","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75829244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cevallos Gallegos Heddy Fransheska, Herrera Palacios Edgar Ariel, Xavier Alejandro Montalvo Abril, Terán García Inti Javier
{"title":"What Causes the Failure of Enterprises in the City of Riobamba?","authors":"Cevallos Gallegos Heddy Fransheska, Herrera Palacios Edgar Ariel, Xavier Alejandro Montalvo Abril, Terán García Inti Javier","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12203","url":null,"abstract":"Ecuador is the second most entrepreneurial country in the region with an Entrepreneurial Activity Rate (EAR) However, at the same time, almost 8 out of 10 ventures fail in their initial stage. Therefore, it is important to determine the cause of failure since it mainly arises from the uncertainty that we as human beings feel. Although a majority of entrepreneurs in Ecuador have good ideas, they also have many doubts, such as: What is the next step? Am I managing my business properly? Is my project really profitable? And not knowing the answers to them can be the decisive factor that marks the success or failure of their venture. Thus, the present research seeks to determine the main reasons for business failures in the city of Riobamba, for which a survey of 21 entrepreneurs from the city was conducted. It was determined that the main factor that entrepreneurs should take into account when starting their businesses is the development of a business plan that can help them in understanding their competition and the targeted market, and to estimate the real value of their investment. \u0000Keywords: business failure, crisis, instability, entrepreneurship, Covid-19. \u0000Resumen \u0000Ecuador es el segundo país más emprendedor en la región con una Tasa de Actividad Emprendedora (TEA), pero a su vez, casi el 80% de los emprendimientos fracasan en su etapa inicial, es decir 8 de cada 10. Para nosotros, es importante determinar las causas del fracaso en los emprendimientos ya que este problema principalmente nace desde la incertidumbre que sentimos los seres humanos. Los emprendedores en nuestro país tienen buenas ideas, pero a su vez, también tienen muchas dudas: ¿Cuál es el siguiente paso? ¿Estoy administrando correctamente mi negocio? ¿Mi proyecto es en realidad rentable?, estas son algunas de las preguntas y el no saber cómo resolverlas puede ser el factor decisivo que marca el éxito o fracaso de un emprendimiento. Es por ello que surge esta idea de investigación ya que es importante determinar cuáles son las causas primordiales por las cuales los emprendimientos fracasan en la ciudad de Riobamba para lo cual hemos realizado una encuesta a 21 emprendedores de la ciudad. Se pudo determinar que el factor principal que los emprendedores deben tener en cuenta en al momento de iniciar su negocio es el desarrollo de un plan de negocios lo que les ayudará a conocer mejor a su competencia, a su mercado y a estimar el valor real de su inversión ya que sin esto solo inician el emprendimiento como una necesidad para generar ingresos, pero como una oportunidad. \u0000Palabras Clave: fracaso empresarial, crisis, inestabilidad, emprendimiento, Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80662302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Letty Elizalde Marin, Adriana Morales Noriega, Lenin Chamba Bastidas
{"title":"Analysis of the Credit Activity of the Popular and Solidarity Financial Sector of Ecuador","authors":"Letty Elizalde Marin, Adriana Morales Noriega, Lenin Chamba Bastidas","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12234","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article was to analyze the credit activity of the Popular and Solidarity Financial Sector of Ecuador in the first five-month period of 2021, according to the data generated by the Superintendency of Popular and Solidarity Economy with cuts to the months of January, February, March, April, and May of the same year. The figures of the loan portfolio by the segment of the popular and solidarity financial sector, by economic activity, as well as the distribution of the loan portfolio by segment, type of credit, sex, age range, and level of education were identified and analyzed, which made it possible to know the performance of the credit portfolio in this sector during the time analyzed. Keywords: popular and solidarity financial sector, credit portfolio, economic activity. Resumen Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la actividad crediticia del Sector Financiero Popular y Solidario del Ecuador del primer quinquemestre del año 2021, según los datos generados por la Superintendencia de Economía Popular y Solidaria con corte a los meses de enero, febrero, marzo, abril y mayo del mismo año. Se identificaron y analizaron las cifras de la cartera de crédito por segmento del sector financiero popular y solidario, por actividad económica, así como la distribución de la cartera de crédito por segmento, por tipo de crédito, por sexo, rango etario y nivel de instrucción, lo que permitió conocer el desempeño de la cartera de crédito de este sector del tiempo analizado. Palabras Clave: sector financiero popular y solidario, cartera de crédito, actividad económica.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90639189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Credit Portfolio and Its Impact on the Liquidity of Savings and Credit Cooperatives Segment 3, Province of Chimborazo, Case: San Miguel de Pallatanga Cooperative, 2017– 2019","authors":"V. D, G. A., P. G, Atiencia E","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i6.12237","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is to analyze the credit portfolio and its impact on the Liquidity of the Savings and Credit Cooperatives Segment 3, Province of Chimborazo, during the period 2017–2019 Case: Cooperativa San Miguel de Pallatanga. The design of this research refers to a set of systematic and empirical processes, since the diagnostic processes are dynamic and evolutionary, which allowed the information to be quantitative in nature, further allowing deriving a deductive thinking scheme based on the logic and reasoning of the researcher. After analyzing the accounting balances disclosed in the 2017–2018 and 2019 Statements of Financial Position, the joint liquidity calculation was proceeded to the financial analysis from which the highest liquidity indicator registered in the Cooperativa San Jorge LTDA corresponding to a greater capacity for responding to immediate cash requirements by its depositors or reserve requirements, followed by Cooperativa San Miguel de Pallatanga, Cooperativa Nueva Esperanza LTDA, and Cooperativa Minga LTDA. In addition, according to the data obtained in 2019, the San Miguel de Pallatanga Cooperative reports 100% non-payments in the priority commercial portfolio, which indicates that the institution has serious problems to recover the priority commercial loan portfolio. \u0000Keywords: credit portfolio, liquidity, cash-outs, financial analysis, savings and credit cooperatives. \u0000Resumen \u0000El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la Cartera de Crédito y su incidencia en la Liquidez de las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito Segmento 3, Provincia de Chimborazo, periodo 2017 – 2019 Caso: Cooperativa San Miguel de Pallatanga. El diseño de esta investigación refiere un conjunto de procesos sistemáticos y empíricos, ya que los procesos de diagnóstico son dinámicos y evolutivos, lo cual permitió que la información al ser de carácter cuantitativa permita derivar un esquema de pensamiento deductivo, basado en lógica y el razonamiento del investigador. Luego de analizar los saldos contables revelados en los Estados de Situación Financiera 2017-2018 y 2019 se procedió al cálculo de liquidez conjunto al análisis financiero del cual se obtuvo el indicador de liquidez más alto registrado en la Cooperativa San Jorge LTDA correspondiente a mayor capacidad para responder los requerimientos de efectivo inmediatos por parte de sus depositantes o requerimientos de encaje, seguido de la Cooperativa San Miguel de Pallatanga, la Cooperativa Nueva Esperanza LTDA y Cooperativa Minga LTDA. Además, según los datos obtenidos en el año 2019 la Cooperativa San Miguel de Pallatanga reporta el 100% de morosidad de cartera comercial prioritaria lo que indica que la institución tiene graves problemas para recuperar la cartera de créditos comerciales prioritarios. \u0000Palabras Clave: cartera de crédito, liquidez, cobranza, análisis financiero, cooperativas de ahorro y crédito","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82694471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}