Energy最新文献

{"title":"Effect of trigger cell position on thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery modules within branched tunnels","authors":"Youbo Huang ,&nbsp;Chao Xiang ,&nbsp;Fei Tang ,&nbsp;Bingyan Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Yao ,&nbsp;Hua Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion battery (LIB) fires in branched tunnels present complex safety challenges due to confined geometry and limited ventilation, yet their thermal runaway (TR) behaviour remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the influence of state of charge (SOC) and trigger cell position on TR characteristics of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cells and battery modules under tunnel-like conditions. A series of controlled experiments was conducted in a scaled branched tunnel using single LFP cell and battery module arranged in 3 × 3 cells. TR was initiated at different SOC levels and module positions (#5, #7, #8), while ceiling temperature and radiation heat flux were monitored using thermocouples and thermal radiometer.</div><div>Results reveal distinct TR dynamics that the single-cell TR exhibits a single peak temperature stage, whereas module TR produces multiple peaks accompanied by intermittent jet flames, significantly prolonging event duration. Maximum ceiling temperature for modules exceeds that of single cells, with deeper trigger positions amplifying thermal severity. SOC strongly influences thermal response, with ceiling temperature growth rates reaching 94% for single-cell TR and 44% for module TR. Radiation heat flux increases with SOC and is highest when the trigger cell is located deeper within the module. A predictive model for maximum ceiling temperature and longitudinal temperature decay is proposed for both single-cell and module TR scenarios. These findings enhance understanding of LIB fire behaviour in complex tunnel environments and provide actionable insights for tunnel ventilation design, emergency response planning, and battery safety standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140185"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency mapping and loss analysis of ORC radial inflow turbines using an optimized mean-line design methodology","authors":"Yubo Yao ,&nbsp;Zhuoren Xu ,&nbsp;Song Fang ,&nbsp;Shaolong Zhu ,&nbsp;Qasir Iqbal ,&nbsp;Keping Chen ,&nbsp;Limin Qiu ,&nbsp;Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radial inflow turbines (RITs) are widely regarded as suitable expanders for small-to medium-scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems due to their compact structure, high efficiency, and ability to accommodate large enthalpy drops in a single stage. While one-dimensional (1D) mean-line design methodologies and optimization techniques for ORC RITs have been extensively reported, a systematic understanding of how turbine efficiency, loss mechanisms, and geometric characteristics evolve across the broader design parameter space remains limited. In particular, performance maps consistent with mainstream enthalpy-drop-based design practice and accounting for real-gas effects are still scarce.</div><div>In this study, a systematic performance mapping framework for ORC radial inflow turbines is established using R245fa as the working fluid. An optimized preliminary design methodology is developed by combining Aungier's 1D mean-line model with a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, incorporating refined aerodynamic and geometric constraints and real-gas thermophysical properties. The model is validated against published reference designs, demonstrating a maximum improvement of 1.60% in total-to-static efficiency, with a peak efficiency of 88.04%. Based on the validated model, efficiency maps in terms of total-to-static efficiency, specific speed, and velocity ratio (<em>η</em>_ts<em>–n</em>_s<em>–v</em>_s) are generated over a range of size parameters and volumetric expansion ratios.</div><div>The resulting maps quantitatively reveal the coupled influence of size parameter, volumetric expansion ratio, specific speed, and velocity ratio on turbine efficiency, internal loss distribution, and optimal rotor geometry. The results indicate that increasing the size parameter slightly enhances peak efficiency while broadening the high-efficiency region, thereby improving design robustness. In contrast, higher volumetric expansion ratios lead to a pronounced reduction in efficiency, primarily due to increased tip leakage losses, and cause significant shifts in the optimal design parameters. The proposed efficiency maps provide a practical and transferable reference for rapid preliminary design and robust parameter selection of ORC radial inflow turbines under diverse operating conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140342"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-informed virtual sensor design for inter-turbine temperature in turbofan engines under component degradation","authors":"Bingqiang Yu,&nbsp;Zelong Zou,&nbsp;Xin Zhou,&nbsp;Jinquan Huang,&nbsp;Feng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring the inter-turbine temperature <em>T</em>₄₃ of turbofan engines is critical for performance assessment and safety margin management. Traditional physical sensors become unreliable under extreme operating conditions, while virtual sensor methods are prone to failure when faced with model mismatch and component degradation. This paper proposes a virtual sensor for <em>T</em>₄₃ by integrating rotor inertia power balance (RPB) with a physics-informed neural network (PINN). First, based on engine thermodynamics and rotor dynamics, we extract rotor inertia power as a characteristic quantity and derive an RPB-based constraint that links measurable variables to <em>T</em>₄₃. The derived constraint is then embedded into the PINN training objective. Automatic differentiation is used to compute the required derivatives, and an explicit constraint form is adopted to improve numerical stability and facilitate loss balancing between the data term and the physics term. Simulations under multiple turbine degradation scenarios show that the proposed method maintains stable accuracy compared with gas-path-based and purely data-driven baselines. In our setup, an intermediate physics weight provides a favorable trade-off between physical consistency and overall loss reduction. The proposed model also achieves shorter per-step prediction time while delivering robust <em>T</em>₄₃ predictions across the operating envelope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140413"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving PV-wind power utilization by thermal, hydro and pumped storage considering local and cross-regional power demand","authors":"Cao Jiongwei ,&nbsp;Li Xiang ,&nbsp;Wei Jiahua ,&nbsp;Zuo Huimin ,&nbsp;Yin Dongqin ,&nbsp;Bao Juan ,&nbsp;Gao Jie","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.139919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.139919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interregional power transfers have complicated coordination between local consumption and interregional export, thereby necessitating an operational framework that leverages multi-energy complementarity and coordinated source-load-storage dispatch. To that end, we developed a nested long- and short-term scheduling model for a hydro-wind-photovoltaic (PV)-thermal-pumped storage system, focusing on the Longyangxia Clean Energy Base in the upper Yellow River. The model coordinates annual reservoir operation with daily dispatch by minimizing supply-demand imbalances. The model performance was evaluated across 60 scenarios spanning typical hydrological years, generation portfolios, and local supply ratios, and three key metrics were considered: operational efficiency, supply reliability, and environmental sustainability. The results show that supplying 30 % of Qinghai's local demand achieved a preferable balance between total generation, renewable integration, reliability, and transmission-corridor utilization, with annual generation of 69.42, 69.59, and 68.39 TWh in wet, normal, and dry years, respectively. Wind and PV curtailment remained at 2.00 %–2.60 % and the probability of load loss was 7.80 %–16.60 %. Thermal power offered limited flexibility, while hydropower and pumped storage provided higher support for wind and PV integration. Moreover, pumped storage operated for over 4600 h per year, contributing more than 30 % of daily peak shaving with a levelized storage cost of 0.35 CNY/kWh. Therefore, moderately expanding the Longyangxia hydropower units' installed capacity and accelerating pumped-storage deployment will strengthen peak-shaving and frequency-regulation capabilities. The proposed nested scheduling and multi-scenario evaluation framework lays a quantitative foundation for the planning and operation of similar clean energy bases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 139919"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring carbon peak and carbon neutrality pathways for megacities from the perspective of supply and demand synergy: A LEAP simulation of the Beijing case","authors":"Zhuang Shao ,&nbsp;Yushan Liu ,&nbsp;Binyao Zheng,&nbsp;Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transformation of urban energy systems under low-carbon constraints poses profound challenges for megacities, where rapid demand growth and limited local generation capacity often lead to structural imbalances between supply and demand. Using Beijing as a representative case, a refined Low Emission Analysis Platform (LEAP) framework was established to simulate 4 policy and 2 integrated scenarios during 2023–2060, examining how demand growth, supply decarbonization, and systemic resilience co-evolve. This study quantifies the critical supply–demand synergy threshold at the city scale, proposes a staged and temporally explicit decarbonization roadmap, and demonstrates that the energy transition is a dynamic and path-dependent process rather than a linear shift toward carbon neutrality. Specifically, total energy demand peaks around 2030 and then gradually declines, with renewables progressively replacing fossil-based generation to raise the share of non-fossil electricity above 70 % by 2060. The integrated Green Transport–Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (GT–CCUS) scenario achieves the earliest and deepest emission reductions, confirming that only the joint advancement of demand-side electrification and supply-side decarbonization—especially through large-scale renewables and CCUS as buffering mechanisms when renewables exceed roughly 50 % of the power mix—produces the most substantive system-wide benefits. Beyond emissions, the findings highlight that decarbonization can advance only upon a stable foundation of energy security and systemic resilience. As electrification accelerates, tensions between expanding demand and constrained supply may evolve from synergy to trade-off, and ultimately to antagonism if not managed adaptively. Ensuring a balanced transition therefore requires reinforcing grid flexibility, local generation reliability, and institutional adaptability to prevent systemic stress from undermining long-term climate goals. Beijing's experience proves that low-carbon development is not merely a technological substitution but a continual process of negotiating stability, efficiency, and sustainability within an increasingly interdependent urban energy system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140129"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VoidGAN: A generative adversarial network for high-fidelity void fraction signal generation in nuclear reactor thermal hydraulics","authors":"Hanyu Wang ,&nbsp;Shuichiro Miwa ,&nbsp;Wen Zhou ,&nbsp;Ryo Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Koji Okamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-fidelity void-fraction signals constitute essential data for modeling two-phase flows. However, the scarcity of such data constrains the development and validation of high-accuracy models, thereby impeding the design and optimization of complex industrial systems, including nuclear reactors and other energy facilities. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel database enhancement framework, termed VoidGAN, based on conditional generative adversarial networks (GANs). The proposed model integrates Transformer modules with multi-scale convolutional Inception blocks, enabling it to capture both long-term temporal dependencies and local, irregular fluctuations. In addition, a physics-metrics-guided Bayesian hyperparameter optimization strategy is introduced to enhance the physical fidelity of the generated signals. A comprehensive multi-step validation framework is further established to rigorously assess the reliability of the generated data, encompassing direct comparisons with testing datasets and benchmarking against established mechanistic models, including the two-group drift-flux model and the two-phase flow-induced vibration (TP-FIV) excited force model. The results demonstrate that VoidGAN achieves the best overall performance among state-of-the-art time-series generative models, attaining a recall exceeding 99.8%, achieving the lowest nearest-neighbor distance (0.069), and maintaining inference times at the millisecond scale. These results confirm that both time-averaged and temporal characteristics, as well as their intricate relationships across diverse flow regimes, are accurately captured. This work provides a new perspective for mitigating data scarcity issues in two-phase flow modeling and paves the way for more efficient design and optimization of industrial systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140204"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulating bubble departure by varying helix structure heights to enhance pool boiling heat transfer","authors":"Ching-Wen Lo ,&nbsp;Po-Yao Syu ,&nbsp;Chen-Kuang Wang ,&nbsp;Ya-Yu Chiang","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of helix structure arrays on saturated pool boiling performance through a systematic parametric evaluation of helix height and density. A total of seven copper-based surfaces, including one flat baseline and six helix-structured configurations, were tested in distilled water under atmospheric pressure. The results demonstrate that appropriately designed helix structures can simultaneously enhance the critical heat flux (CHF) and the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) by up to 78% and 164%, respectively. These enhancements are attributed to the combined effects of shortened bubble residence time, increased bubble departure height, and intensified local convective flow fields. High-speed imaging revealed that taller helix arrays facilitate vapor column detachment and reduce vapor accumulation above the heated surface, while particle image velocimetry (PIV) confirmed the presence of accelerated upward fluid motion induced by vapor ejection and capillary-driven liquid return. These findings underscore the critical role of helix geometry in manipulating interfacial bubble dynamics and promoting liquid–vapor separation, offering promising insights for the thermal design of advanced boiling surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140322"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-interval steam consumption modeling for industrial energy optimization via meta-learning through shared attention","authors":"Santi Bardeeniz ,&nbsp;Chayanit Chuay-ock ,&nbsp;David Shan-Hill Wong ,&nbsp;Yuan Yao ,&nbsp;Jia-Lin Kang ,&nbsp;Chanin Panjapornpon","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective steam management supports cost control and carbon abatement in industrial processes. However, steam monitoring in industrial records often exhibits mixed sampling intervals. The mismatch in time interval creates a limited-data problem that conventional energy models often struggle to handle. Therefore, a model-agnostic meta-learning framework integrated with an attention-based long short-term memory network is proposed for steam-consumption prediction under limited-data conditions. Meta-training on related high-frequency source units learns shared attention parameters and enables rapid adaptation to a low-frequency target unit without requiring synthetic data generation. The performance of steam consumption prediction is validated using a large-scale case study of the crude glycerin purification process. The results demonstrate that the attention-based long short-term memory model outperforms traditional models with the highest coefficient of determination value (R²) of 0.772. The incorporation of meta-learning further enhances the prediction performance of the model, with a decrease in the prediction error from 168.891 to 123.777 kg/h and an improvement in R² of 0.847. Furthermore, the energy-saving analysis indicates the reduction in annual steam consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of 4372.304 (11.63% reduction) and 613.815 tons, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140299"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion characteristics of nonpremixed ammonia-hydrogen/air coaxial flames at elevated temperature and pressure in a model combustor","authors":"Jae Hyun Kim,&nbsp;Tae Won Kim,&nbsp;Oh Chae Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To facilitate the use of ammonia (NH₃) combustion in industrial burners, the combustion characteristics of nonpremixed NH₃-hydrogen (H₂)-nitrogen (N₂)/air coaxial flames at elevated inlet gas temperature (<em>T</em>_in) and chamber pressure (<em>P</em>) in a model combustor are studied under varying hydrogen mole fraction (<em>x</em>_h,f), fuel-equivalence ratio (<em>ϕ</em>) and fuel Reynolds number (Re_f) conditions. Increasing <em>P</em> and <em>T</em>_in each exert opposite effects on the combustion characteristics of the nonpremixed flames. Increasing <em>P</em> shrinks fuel-lean limits, decreases nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emissions, increases unburned NH₃ emissions and shifts the main reaction zone upstream and thus local extinction to occur near the flame base. Meanwhile, increasing <em>T</em>_in at given Re_f expands the fuel-lean limits in terms of <em>x</em>_h,f, increases NO_x emissions, decreases unburned NH₃ emissions and causes local extinction to primarily occur near a breakpoint due to the increased flow velocity. When <em>P</em> and <em>T</em>_in increase simultaneously, NO_x and NH₃ emissions exhibit the same trends as a function of <em>ϕ</em> as observed when each parameter is varied individually. Conditions with relatively low and nearly 1:1 NO_x and unburned NH₃ emissions are identified (approximately 490 ppm at <em>ϕ</em> = 0.6, <em>x</em>_h,f = 0.50, <em>P</em> = 4.0 bar and <em>T</em>_in = 600 K), providing favorable conditions for the application of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140423"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics of compressed air energy storage system embedded with abandoned oil well storage: A numerical approach","authors":"Hua Yang ,&nbsp;Jiachao Wu,&nbsp;Jingyu Cui,&nbsp;Cong Du,&nbsp;Liang Tian,&nbsp;Fuxing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.140378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a promising solution for large-scale energy storage. This study develops a three-stage compression and two-stage expansion thermal-storage CAES (TS-CAES) system with abandoned oil well (AOW) storage. Simulation results show: (1) During the energy storage stage, the underground well (UG) achieves the fastest pressure buildup rate, reaching 15 MPa in 6.3 h, 1.0 h faster than the first on-ground tank (OG1) and 1.6 h faster than the second on-ground tank (OG2); (2) During the energy release stage, UG maintains the most stable internal temperature, with an energy release duration of 4.2 h, shorter than OG1 (4.5 h) and OG2 (5.3 h), thus ensuring stable turbine inlet conditions; (3) UG benefits from geothermal coupling with surrounding strata (343 K), which accelerates pressurization, stabilizes discharge, and enables the highest recoverable waste heat (6.95 × 10⁴ MJ), surpassing OG1 and OG2 by over 10%. This geothermal contribution transforms the UG chamber from a passive air reservoir into an active energy conversion component. This study confirms the feasibility of using abandoned oil well as alternative air storage tanks (ASTs) in TS-CAES systems, providing theoretical support for their integration with geothermal resources to optimize large-scale energy storage performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 140378"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}