EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133721
Qingyang Wu , Gen Li , Ming Liu , Yufeng Zhang , Junjie Yan , Yoshihiro Deguchi
{"title":"The enhancement of primary frequency regulation ability of combined water and power plant based on nuclear energy: Dynamic modelling and control strategy optimization","authors":"Qingyang Wu , Gen Li , Ming Liu , Yufeng Zhang , Junjie Yan , Yoshihiro Deguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined water and power plant based on nuclear energy (CWPN) is a potential way with significant economic and environmental benefits. To accommodate high penetration of intermittent renewable power within the power grid, it is essential to enhance the primary frequency regulation (PFR) ability of CWPN, and many factors, including the reactor operation safety, energy efficiency, and the water-power coupling mechanism of CWPN should be considered. In this study, a dynamic model of CWPN was developed, and two new strategies, the constant turbine power method (CPM) and the classic-PI-decoupling method (CDM), were proposed to enhance PFR capability. The results show that both strategies maintain the reactor power at full load during PFR, with CDM providing superior control, as evidenced by a maximum overshoot of 0.56 % compared with 3.58 % for CPM. Under typical step disturbances of ±1 % full power (FP), ±2%FP, and ±3%FP, the PFR performance of the original and new strategies was evaluated on the basis of settling time and the apex/nadir frequency. Compared with the original strategy (OS), the maximum settling time under CDM and CPM was reduced by 3.3 s and 8.8 s, respectively. The proposed strategies demonstrated improved PFR performance, with smaller apex/nadir frequency values than those of the OS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133721"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133745
Liang-Meng Wu , Feng-Mei Xie , Dong-Liang Zhong , Xi-Yue Li , Jin Yan
{"title":"Thermal analysis and kinetic investigation of using a hybrid adsorption-hydration method to promote CO2 capture","authors":"Liang-Meng Wu , Feng-Mei Xie , Dong-Liang Zhong , Xi-Yue Li , Jin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a hybrid adsorption-hydration method was utilized to promote CO<sub>2</sub> capture. The CO<sub>2</sub> capture performance in the fixed bed of coal particles was assessed at various water saturations (0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 70 %, and 100 %), 277.15 K, and 3.2 MPa. It was found that gas consumption at 100 % water saturation increased by 45 % compared to that at 0 % water saturation (dry coal particles). Moreover, as the water saturation increased, CO<sub>2</sub> capture became dominated by hydrate formation rather than gas adsorption. The thermal analysis for CO<sub>2</sub> capture at 0 % and 100 % water saturation detected the exothermic peaks associated with CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate formation, as well as the endothermic peaks corresponding to CO<sub>2</sub> desorption and CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate dissociation. This confirms that CO<sub>2</sub> capture in the fixed bed of water-saturated coal particles consists of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption followed by hydrate formation. The morphologies of CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate formation in the fixed bed of 100 % water-saturated coal particles were observed, and the mechanism of CO<sub>2</sub> capture using the hybrid adsorption-hydration method was illustrated based on the thermal analysis and kinetic investigations. It was also found that after the adsorption-hydration process, the average cumulative pore volume of the coal particles decreased by 14.47 % compared to the original coal particles, and the micropores and mesopores were predominantly affected. Therefore, utilizing the hybrid adsorption-hydration process in a fixed bed of coal particles provides a promising method to enhance CO<sub>2</sub> capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133745"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133662
Yanqin Huang, Yuhang Zhen, Lanling Liu, Yiwei Zhang, Xiaoyang Ning, Kai Li, Li Zhao, Qiang Lu
{"title":"Site selection of sludge pyrolysis projects based on improved interactive multi-indicators decision-making method under vague linguistic environment: A decision framework from the perspective of low-carbon","authors":"Yanqin Huang, Yuhang Zhen, Lanling Liu, Yiwei Zhang, Xiaoyang Ning, Kai Li, Li Zhao, Qiang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the escalating municipal sludge production in China, ensuring the environmental sustainability demands safe and effective treatment technology. Pyrolysis (PY) has emerged as an efficient sludge treatment technology to control the pollution as well as conserve fossil fuel. Site selection stands as a crucially task in the whole life cycle of the sludge PY project, and the researchers have launched some headway in the sludge treatment site selection. However, persistent challenges persist. For instance, the existing indicator framework remained inadequate, and the correlations among different indicators were ignored. To address these deficiencies, an improved-TODIM (Interactive Multi-Indicators Decision-Making) method has been proposed in this work. Firstly, a new assessment framework for the sludge PY site selection was established under the perspective of low-carbon. Secondly, the assessment information was described through the triangular fuzzy numbers, and the indicator weights were calculated by the combined weight of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and entropy method. Furthermore, an improved TODIM method was proposed based on the Choquet integral to describe the correlation among indicators and evaluate the optional alternative. Finally, a case study in Hebei province was presented to substantiate the validity and rationality of the method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133662"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133729
Pengfei Wang , Yide Liu , Yuchen Li , Xianlin Tang , Qinlong Ren
{"title":"Power prediction for salinity-gradient osmotic energy conversion based on multiscale and multidimensional convolutional neural network","authors":"Pengfei Wang , Yide Liu , Yuchen Li , Xianlin Tang , Qinlong Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osmotic energy conversion (OEC) is a promising renewable energy utilization technology that directly convers salinity-gradient energy into electricity. However, most of current studies on the OEC power under different nanostructures and solution parameters were conducted experimentally or by simulation, which is costly and difficult to explore the optimal OEC device configuration. In this study, we propose a multiscale and multidimensional convolutional neural network-based power prediction model for salinity-gradient OEC. It can learn intrinsic characteristics embedded in multi-physical and nanopore geometric parameters that are closely related to the osmotic power generation, thus realizing accurate OEC power prediction. For model development and assessment, a numerical model of the salinity-gradient OEC device with conical nanopores was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics to generate training and test datasets. The test results show that the mean absolute percentage error between the predicted powers and real powers of the OEC device is only 0.309 % over 4077 typical operating conditions. Furthermore, the prediction performance of the proposed model outperforms other four comparative models employing widely-used deep learning algorithms, indicating its effectiveness and superiority in OEC power prediction. This study contributes to the optimal design and performance enhancement of OEC devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133729"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the implementation of free piston engine generator at various compression ratios and combustion performance of multiple fuels","authors":"Lei Xu, Yidi Wei, Chang Liu, Boru Jia, Zhiyuan Zhang, Shuo Qin, Xiaoxu Hu, Huihua Feng, Zhengxing Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Free Piston Engine Generator (FPEG) is a novel energy conversion system that directly couples a free piston engine with a linear generator. Its ability to adjust the compression ratio over a wide range without complex auxiliary structures and its adaptability to different fuels have garnered significant attention. To improve the efficiency and cleanliness of FPEG, This study employs an FPEG prototype test bench, using ethanol and n-propanol as raw materials, mixed with aviation kerosene (RP-3) at volume ratios of 20 %, 40 %, and 60 %, respectively. It investigates the impact mechanisms and operating characteristics of different running parameters on the compression ratio of FPEG when using different fuels, and to analyze the combustion and emission characteristics of FPEG under various compression ratio conditions. The results show that compared to gasoline, the alcohol/RP-3 mixtures (with alcohol content >40 %) have higher brake thermal efficiency and significantly reduced CO emissions. As the compression ratio increases, the brake thermal efficiency of alcohol/RP-3 mixtures further improves, while CO and HC emissions decrease. At higher compression ratios, the n-propanol/kerosene blends show higher efficiency and lower CO and HC emissions. These findings provide important insights into the multi-fuel application of FPEG and the potential for cleaner energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133690"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133629
Han Zhang, Giovanna Cavazzini, Alberto Benato
{"title":"Multi-objective optimisation of ORC–LNG systems using the novel One-shot Optimisation method","authors":"Han Zhang, Giovanna Cavazzini, Alberto Benato","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimisation is drawing more and more attention in the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) research field. However, as the complexity of the ORC scenarios increases, it poses challenges on operational parameter, working fluid, and configuration optimisation levels. This work first proposes an improved optimisation method, termed the One-shot Optimisation (OSO) method, which can simultaneously optimise the working fluid and configuration. Then, a two-objective optimisation is performed using the OSO method in combined ORC–LNG systems, considering up to eight operational parameters, 11 working fluids, and 16 system configurations to maximise energy efficiency and minimise the electricity production cost (EPC). Finally, the result of the optimisation is divided according to the thermodynamic weight (W<sub>1</sub>), and two typical conditions are analysed in detail: the maximum case (W<sub>1</sub> = 1) and the balanced case (W<sub>1</sub> = 0.5). The results show that the OSO method is capable of identifying the optimal working fluid and optimal configuration within a single optimisation process. The basic ORC configuration is preferred when W<sub>1</sub> is lower while the recuperative ORC is preferred when W<sub>1</sub> is higher. The balanced case can achieve an energy efficiency comparable to that of the maximum case but with a significantly lower EPC. The balanced case can achieve as much as 87. 48% of energy efficiency, requiring only 19.77% of the EPC compared to those of the maximum case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133629"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133678
Siping Wu , Junjie Liu , Lang Liu
{"title":"Interval price predictions for coal using a new multi-scale ensemble model","authors":"Siping Wu , Junjie Liu , Lang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate coal price prediction is important for the development of coal policy and prevention of coal market risks. The aim of this paper is to forecast coal prices in China by enhancing the performance of the variational mode decomposition (VMD) using an arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA), which is then combined with N-BEATS, quantile regression (QR), and mean impact value algorithms (MIV) to create a new multi-scale ensemble forecasting model (VANQM). First, we use VMD that has been enhanced by the AOA to separate the coal price time series. Second, N-BEATS improved by QR is utilized to forecast the subsequences. The results of coal price interval forecasting are yielded. Finally, we use MIV to analyze how much variables affect coal prices. The findings of the study indicate that: the three key variables that have the greatest impact on coal prices are coal mining industry index, coal industry index, and A-share electricity industry index; the effect of the model's interval prediction is superior to the deterministic prediction in its current state; when the confidence levels are at 70 %, 80 %, and 90 %, PICP values of VANQM model are greater than the corresponding confidence levels. To summarize, when compared to the benchmark model, VANQM performs more accurately and consistently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133678"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133727
Xiaosong Ren , Min Zhao , Ping Gao
{"title":"The inverted U-effect of digital financial inclusion on household food carbon footprint in China: The moderating roles of environmental concern and future expectations","authors":"Xiaosong Ren , Min Zhao , Ping Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital financial inclusion (DFI) is an enabler for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. We use China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data spanning 2014 to 2020 to investigate the impact of DFI on household food carbon footprint (HFCF) in China. We find that (1) DFI has an inverted U-shaped effect on HFCF, changing from promotion to suppression; (2) The impact of DFI on HFCF demonstrates multidimensional heterogeneity. The impact of DFI on HFCF demonstrates multidimensional heterogeneity. The inverted U-shaped relationship is more pronounced in non-agricultural households, households with high-educated head, high-income households, households with unhealthy lifestyle heads, low-status households, households without the Internet, and households in the eastern, central, low-industrialization, high-urbanization and low-environmental regulation region; (3) Environmental concern and future expectations significantly moderate the inverted U-shaped relationship between DFI and HFCF, where environmental concern strengthens and future expectations weaken the effect; (4) Considering the dimensions of DFI, usage depth and digitization level of DFI have nonlinear effects on HFCF, while coverage breadth consistently exerts a positive influence. Policy implications are derived from the research results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133727"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133725
Yu Yang, Reo Kai, Hiroaki Watanabe
{"title":"Atomistic insights into formaldehyde (HCHO) high-temperature treatment and syngas production via ReaxFF MD simulations","authors":"Yu Yang, Reo Kai, Hiroaki Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde (HCHO), typically known as an industrial waste gas, can be recycled to generate syngas. Our study focuses on the high-temperature and high-pressure treatment of formaldehyde, including pyrolysis, oxidation, and supercritical H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> (scH<sub>2</sub>O/scCO<sub>2</sub>) co-pyrolysis via reactive molecular dynamics. Results showed that in the pyrolysis, the primary final products are H<sub>2</sub> and CO. The formation of CO occurs through the double dehydrogenation of HCHO, and H-abstraction reaction leads to the formation of H<sub>2</sub>. In the oxidation, scH<sub>2</sub>O and scCO<sub>2</sub> co-pyrolysis systems, the corresponding global reactions vary. HCHO can be oxidized to HCOOH, ultimately producing CO<sub>2</sub>. Another pathway for CO<sub>2</sub> generation involves the formation of the COOH radical from CO. Oxidative treatment is more powerful in handling formaldehyde pollutants, while the supercritical condition is more effective in producing syngas. The order of carbon emission is oxidation > scH<sub>2</sub>O > pyrolysis. In the scCO<sub>2</sub> system, scCO<sub>2</sub> participates in the reaction, increasing CO production. Moreover, reaction kinetics models are proposed and agree well with experimental results. Under high-temperature conditions, the reaction rate in the oxidation system is the highest. Based on the activation energy for formaldehyde consumption and the energy barriers of the sub-reactions, the pyrolysis process is the easiest, whereas the oxidation process is the most difficult.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133725"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EnergyPub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133739
Yiyang Zhou , Ligen Tang , Zhiyong Song , Bin Pan , Ming Yue , Jinzi Liu , Hongqing Song
{"title":"Research on CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers with different relative permeability considering CO2 phase conditions","authors":"Yiyang Zhou , Ligen Tang , Zhiyong Song , Bin Pan , Ming Yue , Jinzi Liu , Hongqing Song","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.133739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saline aquifers are the most feasible potential site for the storage of CO<sub>2</sub>. The behavior of CO<sub>2</sub> in different phase states may significantly affect the flow properties and sequestration efficiency. It is important to understand and predict the effects of different CO<sub>2</sub> phases. This study conducted relative permeability tests under two experimental conditions with CO<sub>2</sub> in different phases. Incorporating experimental data into reservoir-scale simulations to analyze the effects of different phases of CO<sub>2</sub> on structural, solubility, and residual sequestration mechanisms, and to predict CO<sub>2</sub> behavior in saline aquifers. The results show that the CO<sub>2</sub> relative permeability and residual CO<sub>2</sub> saturation are high under supercritical conditions. It is more favorable to consider the relative permeability and hysteresis effects on the supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> results, with a more dispersed distribution of CO<sub>2</sub> at the bottom of the reservoir. There was a significant difference in residual sequestration, with the gaseous group showing a 14.16 % reduction in residual sequestration and a 4.27 % reduction in total sequestration compared to the supercritical group. The ratio of structural sequestration, solubility sequestration, and residual sequestration in the total sequestration in this study is about 50 %:30 %:20 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 133739"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}