Endocrine Research最新文献

{"title":"Sensitivity of Different ACTH and Cortisol Concentration Values in Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Based Tests in Cushing's Disease.","authors":"Shehrban Sobeh Khalil,&nbsp;Mohammad Sheikh Ahmad,&nbsp;Talia Sarah-Hefer,&nbsp;Ekaterina Yovanovich,&nbsp;Maria Reut,&nbsp;Limor Chen-Konak,&nbsp;Nariman Saba-Khazen,&nbsp;Leonard Saiegh","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2023.2176869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2023.2176869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In Cushing's disease (CD) patients, the aim of the present study is to confirm sensitivity of several ACTH and cortisol concentration values in different time points, during corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test and during CRH stimulation following dexamethasone suppression (DEX-CRH) test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed cortisol and ACTH concentration increment during CRH and DEX-CRH tests in 23 patients with confirmed CD. Cortisol and ACTH concentrations were determined immediately before, 15 min and 30 min after CRH stimulation. We evaluated the sensitivity of different cutoff values including those reported in previous studies, in the diagnosis of CD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During DEX-CRH test, 15 min serum cortisol concentration of 1.4 μg/dl (38 nmol/L) had a sensitivity of 90.9%, and serum cortisol concentration ≥1.27 μg/dl (35 nmol/L) had a sensitivity of 100%. For plasma ACTH, sensitivity of 100% was obtained using ACTH ≥3.5pmol/L (16 pg/ml) at 30 min. During CRH test, 35% increase from baseline in ACTH concentration had a sensitivity of 72.7%. Twenty percent increase in cortisol 30 minutes after stimulation yielded a sensitivity of 85.7%. The best sensitivity of ACTH and cortisol increment was obtained 15 min after stimulation, using 19% and 9% increase, respectively (sensitivity of 100% and 92.8%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During CRH and DEX-CRH tests, the study findings agree with the good sensitivity of ACTH and cortisol cutoff values suggested in previous studies; yet, other cutoff values may give a higher diagnostic sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9306759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and Post-treatment Serum BAFF Levels and BAFF Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Graves' Disease.","authors":"Tarak Dhaouadi,&nbsp;Imen Rojbi,&nbsp;Sameh Ghammouki,&nbsp;Ibtissem Ben Nacef,&nbsp;Meriem Adel,&nbsp;Sabrine Mekni,&nbsp;Karima Khiari,&nbsp;Taïeb Ben Abdallah,&nbsp;Imen Sfar,&nbsp;Yousr Gorgi","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2023.2167087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2023.2167087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>B cell activating factor (BAFF), a crucial factor for B cell survival and differentiation, has been linked to several autoimmune conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of BAFF gene's polymorphisms with its serum levels and to assess their effect on Graves' disease (GD) susceptibility and presentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-two GD patients and 152 healthy controls have been enrolled to investigate BAFF rs9514827 (-2841 T/C), rs1041569 (-2701 T/A) and rs9514828 (-871 C/T) gene's polymorphism by PCR-RFLP and serum BAFF level's kinetics under medical treatment by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median serum BAFF level at baseline was significantly higher in GD patients (841.7 pg/ml [685.23-1058.32]) comparatively to controls (495.75 pg/ml [383.17-595.7]), <i>p</i> = 7.29 E-25. A ROC curve was used to assess BAFF performances in GD diagnosis and revealed an AUC of 94.9% [0.919-0.979], <i>p</i> = 7.29 E-25. At a cutoff value of 654.9 pg/ml of BAFF at baseline, the sensitivity and the specificity were, respectively, 83.9% and 90.8%. BAFF level was significantly increased in smoking patients (1079.55 pg/ml [875.35-1203]) comparatively to nonsmokers (746.95 pg/ml [643.2-915.7]), <i>p</i> = 3.1 E-5. While -2841 T/C and -2701 T/A genotypes and alleles frequencies were similar between patients and controls, the -871*T allele was significantly more prevalent in patients (0.613) than in controls (0.477); <i>p</i> = .01, OR [95% CI] = 1.73 [1.13-2.65]. The three studied polymorphisms were not associated with serum BAFF level at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum BAFF level is significantly increased in GD especially in smoking patients. rs9514828 - 871*T allele might be a susceptibility variant for GD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"16-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9073395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are We Only Detecting the Tip of the Iceberg? A Nationwide Study on Primary Aldosteronism with up to 8-Year Follow-up","authors":"Hrafnhildur Gunnarsdóttir, G. Jónsdóttir, G. Birgisson, Jon Gudmundsson, H. Sigurjonsdottir","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2022.2068572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2022.2068572","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Long-term follow-up studies on primary aldosteronism (PA) are lacking. Objective We aim to review results of diagnostic procedures and histopathology for patients diagnosed during 2012–2016 in Iceland, compare unilateral (UD) and bilateral disease (BD) and assess treatment response. Methods Thirty-two patients aged 28–88 were diagnosed and treated according to guidelines. Results The majority had BD. Everyone needed potassium supplementation at case detection. We saw a reduction in systolic blood pressure (p < .001, both groups), antihypertensive agents (p = .002 UD and p = .04 BD) and potassium supplementation (p < .001, both groups). Conclusion Similar treatment response was seen in both subgroups. Ratio of hypokalemia and number of cases indicates severe PA underdiagnosis in Iceland.","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"104 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44786403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Triglycerides and Glucose Index Is Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults","authors":"Y. Weyman-Vela, L. Simental‐Mendía, Abelardo Camacho-Luis, C. Gamboa-Gómez, F. Guerrero‐Romero","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2022.2061508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2022.2061508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background It has been reported that insulin resistance is related to cognitive decline. The triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, is a reliable and inexpensive surrogate test for detecting insulin resistance. Aims The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. Methods A total of 135 individuals, men and women aged 60 to 90 years, were enrolled in a case and control study. Individuals with a diagnosis of MCI (n = 65) were allocated into the case group and compared with individuals without MCI (n = 70) in the control group. Alcohol intake, diabetes duration ≥5 years, diagnoses of cerebrovascular disease, brain injury, folic acid deficiency, dementia, moderate or severe CI, major depressive disorders, and thyroid disease were exclusion criteria. Results Individuals in the case group exhibited higher waist circumference (97.9 ± 13.9 versus 93.5 ± 13.0, p = .001) and TyG index (5.0 ± 0.3 versus 4.1 ± 0.2, p = .001) than individuals in the control group. The TyG index ≥4.68 (OR 6.91; 95% CI 2.05–11.68) and waist circumference (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.06) were positively associated with MCI, while education level (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.30–0.61), occupation (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.61), and exercise (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.22–0.52) were inversely associated with MCI. After controlling for sex, age, waist circumference, education level, occupation, and exercise, a TyG index ≥4.68 remained significantly associated with MCI (OR 2.97; 95% CI 1.12–14.71). Conclusion The TyG index is independently associated with the presence of MCI in older people.","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"89 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44206684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between the Lipid Accumulation Product and Beta-cell Function in Korean Adults with or without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Hye-eun Cho, Seung-Bum Yang, M. Gi, J. A. Cha, S. Park, Hyun Yoon","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2022.2053540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2022.2053540","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aims This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the lipid accumulation product index (LAP) and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-B) in Korean adults with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods The study was carried out using data from the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and included 4,922 adults aged 20 or older. Results There were several key findings. First, in overall population, after adjusting for related variables, HOMA-IR (p < .001) and HOMA-B (p < .001) level were positively associated with quartiles of LAP. Second, in non-T2DM group, HOMA-IR (p < .001) and HOMA-B level (p < .001) were positively associated with quartiles of LAP. Third, in T2DM group, HOMA-IR (p < .001) level was positively associated with the quartiles of LAP, but HOMA-B (p = .153) level was not significant. In addition, HOMA-B level was increased with an increasing metabolic syndrome component in non-T2DM (p < .001) but not in T2DM (p = .267). Conclusions LAP was positively associated with both HOMA-IR and HOMA-B in non-diabetic Korean adults. However, LAP was positively associated with HOMA-IR in Korean adults with T2DM, while the association with HOMA-B was not significant.","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"80 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42040886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serologic Testing for Celiac Disease in Graves' Hyperthyroidism: Should We Act Early?","authors":"Hande Demirdere,&nbsp;Ozge Telci Caklili,&nbsp;Sema Yarman","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2021.1959607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2021.1959607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The general practice is to screen patients with autoimmune thyroid disease for celiac disease (CD); however, optimal timing for CD screening for patients with Graves'Disease (GD) has not been identified yet. The aim of the study was to show whether positive celiac antibodies persist after euthyroidism is achieved.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Serum samples were collected from 35 patients with GD (23 female and 12 male) who applied to the endocrine outpatient clinic. Patients and healthy controls were screened for CD with IgG and IgA antigliadin antibodies (IgG - AGA and IgA - AGA), IgA endomysial antibody (IgA-EMA) and IgA tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA anti-tTG). These antibodies were reevaluated when patients were euthyroid under antithyroid therapy. Small intestine biopsy was offered to the patients who remained antibody positive after being euthyroid.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Screening 35 patients with GD revealed positive results for IgA-AGA (<i>n</i> = 6/35, 17%), IgG-AGA (<i>n</i> = 9/35, 26%), IgA-EmA (<i>n</i> = 2/35, 6%) and IgA-tTG (<i>n</i> = 2/35, 6%). No patient had multiple antibodies positive. Selective IgA deficiency was not detected in patients and controls. When patients were euthyroid, baseline positive IgA-AGA, IgG-AGA, and IgA-EmA became negative, while positive anti-tTG persisted in two patients. Endoscopic duodenal biopsy showed a normal villi/crypts ratio in these patients. None of the controls had positive antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to possibility of false seropositivity of celiac antibodies in patients with Graves' thyrotoxicosis, one should defer testing for CD until euthyroidism has been achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39297707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Circulating Adiponectin and Heart Rate Recovery in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.","authors":"Wenjiang Sun,&nbsp;Guanghui Liu,&nbsp;Bin Liu","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2021.2011908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2021.2011908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Adiponectin (APN) is reported to be correlated closely with autonomic nervous function in different clinical settings. Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a noninvasive and readily obtainable indicator, which reflects the coordinated interplay between parasympathetic reactivation and sympathetic withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum APN and HRR in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Eighty-nine PCOS women were enrolled and divided into two groups. Women with HRR values slower than 12 beats were defined as Blunted HRR Group. APN levels were compared between Blunted HRR Group and Normal HRR Group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine which clinical variables were independently associated with HRR and APN levels, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three women were categorized into Blunted HRR Group, in which APN level was significantly lower than Normal HRR Group. Age, body mass index, hypertension, and APN were independent factors of attenuated HRR in PCOS women. Meanwhile, multiple linear regression analysis showed age, dyslipidemia, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were closely associated with APN levels in PCOS women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that decreased APN concentration was closely associated with HRR blunt in PCOS women. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying interactions between APN and autonomic nervous function.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 2","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Insulin Use And Increased Mortality In Patients With COVID-19 And Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Wanteng Wang,&nbsp;Yu Sun,&nbsp;Shuai Wang,&nbsp;Yunbo Sun","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2021.1967376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2021.1967376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to review observational studies on the effect of insulin use and mortality in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. The meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model, and I² was applied to evaluate heterogeneity. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1,338 patients over six studies were ultimately included. Insulin use was related to a higher risk of death in diabetic patients with COVID-19 compared to those who did not use insulin (odds ratio: 2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.66-4.05; P < .0001; I²: 57%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis revealed a correlation between insulin usage and increased mortality in diabetic patients with COVID-19. These results showed that insulin requirement in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes might indicate a poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39325007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Contributions of Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones to the Vasculopathic Complex of COVID-19 Infection.","authors":"Paul J Davis,&nbsp;Hung-Yun Lin,&nbsp;Aleck Hercbergs,&nbsp;Kelly A Keating,&nbsp;Shaker A Mousa","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2021.1972307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2021.1972307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Integrin αvβ3 is a cell membrane structural protein whose extracellular domain contains a receptor for L-thyroxine (T4). The integrin is expressed in rapidly dividing cells and its internalization is prompted by T4. The protein binds viruses and we have raised the possibility elsewhere that action of free T4 (FT4)-when he latter is increased in the nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) known to complicate COVID-19 infecction-may enhance cellular uptke of SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Because T4 also acts nongenomically via the integrin to promote platelet aggregation and angiogenesis, we suggest here that T4 may contribute to the coagulopathy and endothelial abnormalities that can develop in COVID-19 infections, particularly when the lung is primary affected.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Elevated FT4 has been described in the NTIS of COVID-19 patients and may be associated with increased illness severity, but the finding of FT4 elevation is inconsistent in the NTIS literature. Circulating 3,5',3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (reverse T3, rT3) are frequently elevated in NTIS. Thought to be biologically inactive, rT3in fact stimulates cancer cell proliferation via avb3 and also may increase actin polymerization. We propose here that rT3 in the NTIS complicating systemic COVIF-19 infection may support coagulation and disordered blood vessel formation via actin polymerization.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39621830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oocyte Survival and Development during Follicle Formation and Folliculogenesis in Mice Lacking Aromatase.","authors":"Jessica M Toothaker,&nbsp;Kristen Roosa,&nbsp;Alexandra Voss,&nbsp;Suzanne M Getman,&nbsp;Melissa E Pepling","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2021.2011907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2021.2011907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assembly of oocytes into primordial follicles is essential for establishing the ovarian reserve required for female fertility. In mice, this process begins during embryonic development. Primordial germ cells form cysts by incomplete mitosis until 13.5 days post coitum (dpc). These cysts break apart just before birth. Some oocytes undergo apoptosis while surviving oocytes are enclosed by granulosa cells to form primordial follicles. Cyst breakdown and primordial follicle formation were previously shown to be inhibited by estradiol and estrogenic compounds in vitro, suggesting that estrogen is important for regulation of this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To determine the role of fetal estrogen in cyst breakdown and follicle formation these processes were quantified in aromatase deficient (ArKO) mice between 17.5 dpc and postnatal day (PND) 9. Ovaries of ArKO mice were also examined at 2-week intervals to determine if folliculogenesis is affected by lack of estrogen and the age at which the typical ArKO ovarian phenotype first appears.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oocyte number, follicle assembly, and follicle development in ArKO mice did not differ from controls between 17.5 dpc and PND 9. At 2 weeks, ArKO ovaries still had oocytes in cysts while all oocytes were enclosed in follicles in wild type ovaries. From 2 to 8 weeks oocyte numbers were similar in all genotypes with a significant reduction at 10 weeks in ovaries from homozygous mutants. Abnormal hemorrhagic follicles were observed starting at 6 weeks, earlier than previously reported and hemosiderin deposits were found starting at 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that a lack of fetal estrogen does not affect oocyte survival or the rate of primordial follicle formation perinatally, and maternal estrogen or other signals are the chief regulators. The appearance of abnormal hemorrhagic follicles observed as early as 6 weeks suggests that the lack of estrogen becomes problematic at this time.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":"47 2","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39693847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}