Energy technology最新文献

{"title":"Guidance for the Sustainable and Long-term Use of LNG Terminal Sites as Logistics Hubs for Hydrogen and Its Derivatives","authors":"Kristin Kschammer","doi":"10.1002/ente.202300969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202300969","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On 1 June 2022, the German Act to Accelerate the Use of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG Act) came into force. According to this law, a permit for the continued operation of LNG facilities after 31 December 2043 can only be granted if the facilities are operated with climate-neutral hydrogen and its derivatives. In this context, the research and development requirements for the conversion of LNG terminals to hydrogen and its derivatives were formulated. These requirements will be investigated in the new TransHyDE project LNG2HyDE which started on 1 June 2023. Central questions of the project are: What are the technological, regulatory and normative challenges for the conversion of LNG terminals to green hydrogen from renewable energy sources and its derivatives? What are the research and development needs? To what extent can and should the conversion of LNG terminals to hydrogen and its derivatives take place gradually? Is mixed operation feasible? What time and capacity requirements can be estimated for the conversion of terminals from LNG to hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives in the light of the global hydrogen value chains that are being set up?</p><p>The aim of the project is to develop, within 18 months, a scientifically sound, sustainable data base and recommendations as a basis for decision-making on the viable and long-term use of LNG terminal sites as logistical hubs for hydrogen and its derivatives. In order to achieve this goal, a technology-open investigation is to be carried out, so that in addition to liquid hydrogen and ammonia, the hydrogen carriers and hydrogen derivatives methanol, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, synthetic natural gas (SNG) and dimethyl ether are to be investigated. All of these promising candidates will be investigated in parallel.</p><p>The new TransHyDE project will define H<sub>2</sub> transport vectors in the context of LNG terminals and provide a technological inventory of terminals for the import of SNG, LNG, LH<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, LOHC, MeOH and DME with the aim of identifying the main infrastructure components. Another important part of the project is the development of concepts for the further development and use of LNG terminals for other H<sub>2</sub> transport vectors. The terminal concepts include all process steps and infrastructures from ship docking, storage and conversion to the injection of the liquefied gas into the H<sub>2</sub> backbone network as well as filling facilities for domestic road, rail and ship transport. The starting point is the LNG terminal infrastructures currently being planned and built. In particular, it will be examined how existing facilities, infrastructure and components of the LNG terminals can be further used and which process steps and facilities will have to be replaced or newly constructed for the alternative utilization paths.</p><p>The project will also include an analysis of the materials used in the terminal components regarding their compatibility wit","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.202300969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin to Monophenolic Compounds Catalyzed by Spinel CuCo2O4","authors":"Yijie Zhou,&nbsp;Chun Wang,&nbsp;Cheng Pan,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Guozhi Fan,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Wu","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401797","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lignin is the only natural polymer compound containing a benzene ring on earth, and its conversion to monophenolic compounds is attracting more attention. Cu-dopped CuCo₂O₄ is synthesized and further used to catalyze the oxidative conversion of lignin to monophenolic compounds. It is found that the conversion of lignin is affected by the molar ratio of Cu to Co, the amounts of catalyst and H₂O₂, reaction temperature and time, and CuCo₂O₄ exhibits excellent catalytic performance. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the total yield of monophenolic compounds reaches 21.7%. CuCo₂O₄ also possesses good recyclable performance, and the total yield of monophenolic compounds slightly drops to 17.6% after four cycles. A plausible mechanism for the conversion of lignin to monophenolic compounds is proposed. During the depolymerization of lignin, C<span></span>O and C<span></span>C bonds are broken to form monophenols. This work provides an effective catalyst for the conversion of lignin to monophenol and expands the way of high-value utilization of biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Cooling Technologies for Electric Vehicle Drive Motors, Reducers, and Inverters: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Hamdan Ahmad,&nbsp;Palanisamy Dhamodharan,&nbsp;Sung Chul Kim","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective thermal management is a critical challenge in electric vehicles (EVs), influencing the efficiency, reliability, and lifespan of key components such as electric drive motors, inverters, and reducers. This comprehensive review systematically evaluates advanced cooling technologies for EV powertrains, providing a comparative analysis of traditional and emerging solutions. Novel insights are presented on the integration of innovative materials, such as nanofluids and phase-change materials, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for dynamic thermal optimization. The study highlights the enhanced cooling performance achieved through hybrid approaches that synergize liquid and air-cooling methods. Additionally, the review introduces the transformative potential of AI-driven systems in optimizing cooling efficiency, predicting thermal loads, and detecting faults in real time. The novelty of this work lies in its focus on the holistic thermal management of multiple EV components, bridging the gap in current literature by addressing the interplay of cooling strategies across the entire powertrain. This analysis underscores the need for continued innovation in thermal management to meet the growing demands of EV technology and sustainability goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Vanadium Disulfide (VS2) Nanosheets as High-Efficiency Supercapacitor Electrodes","authors":"Anila Bhuvanendran Nandana,&nbsp;Raghavan Baby Rakhi","doi":"10.1002/ente.202402153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202402153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) emerge as promising electrode materials for next-generation electrochemical energy-storage devices. In the present study, vanadium disulfide (VS₂), an underexplored TMD, is investigated as an electrode material for supercapacitors. VS₂ nanosheets are synthesized via a single-step hydrothermal method at 220 °C for 24 h. Multiple characterization techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscope, confirm the formation of phase-pure VS₂ nanosheets with a hexagonal structure. The specific surface area, measured using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, is 12 m² g⁻¹. A specific capacitance of 106 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹ is demonstrated using symmetric supercapacitors fabricated using these VS₂ nanosheets. Using this device, an energy density of 34 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 800 W kg⁻¹ is achieved. Moreover, the supercapacitor maintains 94% capacitance retention after 9000 charge–discharge cycles at 5 A g⁻¹, highlighting the potential of VS₂ nanosheets as efficient electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-Supported Ni–Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticle Materials for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to CO","authors":"Yanzhuo Liu,&nbsp;Tianxia Liu,&nbsp;Bingzhen Ma","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401820","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide is a highly effective method for energy storage. It is essential to explore inexpensive metal catalysts that exhibit high selectivity and yield for carbon monoxide, yet this remains a significant challenge. In this study, carbon-supported Ni–Cu bimetallic nanoparticles (denoted as Ni_<i>x</i>Cu_<i>y</i> NPs-C) are synthesized through low-temperature carbonization of Ni_<i>x</i>Cu_<i>y</i>-ZIF. The carbon matrix effectively prevents the aggregation of Ni/Cu NPs, allowing for a more uniform dispersion that exposes a greater number of active sites. The well-conductive Ni/Cu particles facilitate electron transfer, contributing to high current density. Electrocatalytic performance tests indicate that the synthesized catalyst can efficiently convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, achieving a Faradaic efficiency for CO (FE_CO) exceeding 90% at potentials from −0.9 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) to −1.1 V (vs. RHE), with a peak FE_CO of 96.37 % at −1.1 V (vs. RHE) and a total current density of 15.435 mA cm⁻².</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiencing Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling in Commercial Roofs with Ultrahigh-Temperature Reduction Using Micro/Nanoparticles-Distributed Porous Polymeric Structure","authors":"Ragunath Lakshmanan,&nbsp;Kamatchi Rajaram","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401869","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recently, great interest is pursued by researchers in radiative cooling paints (RCPs) due to enhanced passive cooling capability, space cooling demands are reduced, and greenhouse gas emissions are combated owing to hassle-free applicability on existing structures. In this study, different formulation of RCPs is developed such as RCP1, RCP2, RCP3, and RCP4. The real-time cooling capability of all the developed RCPs are experimentally investigated by painting a single layer on asbestos cement sheet and clay tile in indoor and outdoor conditions. Strategic selection of fillers and binders in the development of RCPs maximizes the reflection in solar window and emission in thermal window. During outdoor analysis at a tropical savanna condition, a drastic reduction in temperature of 12.36 °C is observed in RCP3 in a midday and sub-ambient cooling of −3.68 °C observed in nighttime. When compared to commercial white-paint-coated roofs, an excellent reduction of ≈4.3 °C is found with RCP3. Also, RCPs used in this study saves almost 335 Wm⁻² of energy on air conditioners by offsetting negative cooling power of commercial roofs (−300 Wm⁻²) to positive cooling power by 35 Wm⁻². Hence, this passive cooling technique saves people from deadly heat waves.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonthermal Plasma-Catalytic Dry Reforming of Methane in Parallel-Plate Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor Using Mg-Modified Ni Catalysts","authors":"Thitiporn Suttikul,&nbsp;Patcharin Naemchanthara,&nbsp;Annop Klamchuen,&nbsp;Sanchai Kuboon,&nbsp;Thongchai Photsathain","doi":"10.1002/ente.202402027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202402027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The conversion of greenhouse gases, particularly CO₂ and CH₄, into syngas via dry reforming of methane (DRM) has effectively mitigated global warming and climate change issues. The research objectives are to enhance the DRM efficiency and reduce coke formation using Ni catalysts supported on Mg-modified Al₂O₃ in parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge. Raising the Ni calcination temperature from (Ni/Mg–Al₂O₃-500) to 700 °C (Ni/Mg–Al₂O₃-700) enhances NiO reduction temperatures, thus diminishing their reducibility. This indicates that Ni/Mg–Al₂O₃-700 exhibits stronger NiO–Al₂O₃ interaction, resulting in increased metal dispersion and decreased crystallite and particle sizes. As the Ni calcination temperature increases from 700 to 800 °C (Ni/Mg–Al₂O₃-800) the intensity of the Ni_0.8Mg_0.11Al₂O₄ spinel structure is enhanced. The increased Ni calcination temperature enhances the metal-support sintering processes and promotes the metal nanoparticle cluster formation, leading to increased particle and crystallite sizes, alongside decreased dispersion of Ni and Mg particles on the catalyst surface. The Ni/Mg–Al₂O₃-700 exhibits lowest NiO reducibility, strongest NiO–Al₂O₃ interaction, highest metal dispersion, highest specific surface area, smallest particle, and crystallite sizes. Consequently, it attains the highest CH₄ and CO₂ conversions, H₂ and CO selectivities, and energy efficiency, as well as the lowest coking rate, carbon deposition, carbon loss, and specific energy consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D O/N/S Tridoped Honeycomb-Like Porous Carbon with Enhanced Performance for High-Mass Loading Supercapacitors","authors":"Xiaofei Liu","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401925","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To satisfy the practical needs of the sustainability and industrialization of supercapacitors, it is essential to maintain good electrochemical performance at high mass loading (&gt;10 mg cm⁻²). Herein, a unique 3D O/N/S tridoped honeycomb-like porous carbon is successfully prepared from chitosan as carbon precursor and L-cysteine as sulfur source using gelation pretreatment and high-temperature pyrolysis methods. Chitosan and L-cysteine hierarchical porous carbons (CL-HPC-3:1) display rich O/N/S heteroatoms content, high specific surface area, (2806 m² g⁻¹), interconnected hierarchical porous structure, good conductivity (0.23 Ω cm⁻¹; 4.35 S cm⁻¹), and strong wettability (the contact angle is 19°), which enable fast electron/ion transport and afford additional capacitance. Importantly, CL-HPC-3:1 (3:1 represents the mass ratio of chitosan to L-cysteine.) can maintain excellent electrochemical performance at mass loading of 12.2 mg cm⁻², which has high specific capacitance (298.36 F g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹), high area capacitance (3.64 F cm⁻² at 0.1 A g⁻¹), low-open-circuit voltage attenuation rate (21.63 mV h⁻¹), high voltage retention (78.54%), and remarkable cyclic stability (92.06% capacitance retention after 20 000 cycles). This work demonstrates the successful conversion of chitosan into the sustainable and high-performance electrode materials and also develops a valuable utilization way for chitosan.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Advanced Dynamic Process Simulation with Experimental Validation for Sensible Thermal Energy-Storage Systems","authors":"Wisam Abed Kattea Al-Maliki,&nbsp;Falah Alobaid,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Horst,&nbsp;Bernd Epple","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401847","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A thermal-energy-storage (TES) system is investigated in this work. The charging process uses hot air passed through a fixed bed, transferring thermal energy to solid particles, while discharging occurs with cold air flowing in the opposite direction. A novel automated dynamic simulation model of the TES is developed and validated using data from the literature. This study uniquely operates with a heat-transfer-fluid (HTF) temperature of up to 1200 °C during charging, with discharge temperatures regulated via a bypass controller. Simulations explore the fixed-bed storage behaviour during charging/discharging cycles, with 64 parameter variations tested. In addition to air, CO₂ is evaluated as an HTF to enhance performance due to its higher density. Results show that Case C14 (using air) achieves a maximum thermal capacity of 3.237 MWh and utilization of 55.4%. When CO₂ is substituted for air under the same parameters, a thermal capacity and utilization increase of 4.5% is observed, along with reduced compressor work, highlighting CO₂'s advantages for improved efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production over Mn0.4Cd0.6S/CuS p–n Heterojunction under Visible Light Irradiation","authors":"Yueqin Zhao,&nbsp;Yuxin Sun,&nbsp;Liuyun Chen,&nbsp;Xianjun Yang,&nbsp;Pengfei Yang,&nbsp;Xinling Xie,&nbsp;Zuzeng Qin,&nbsp;Hongbing Ji,&nbsp;Tongming Su","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401858","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting is a promising technology for overcoming energy and environmental issues. Herein, Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S/CuS composites were constructed for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The amount of CuS is optimized, and the composition and structure of the Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S/CuS composite are investigated via various characterization techniques. The formation of a p–n heterojunction between Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S and CuS and the built-in electric field improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes and enhance the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production. When the content of CuS is 5 wt%, Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S/5CuS presents the best photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 22.10 mmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, which is 3.0 times greater than that of Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S, and the apparent quantum yield reaches 7.82% at 400 nm. Combined with the activity test and characterization results, the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen production over the Mn_0.4Cd_0.6S/CuS composite is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}