Energy technology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of π-Bridged Thiophene-Based Materials on Hole Transport in Perovskite Solar Cells and Donor Functionality in Organic Solar Cells: A Computational Study","authors":"Abdelali Staoui,&nbsp;Abdennacer Idrissi,&nbsp;Zouhair El Fakir,&nbsp;Said Bouzakraoui","doi":"10.1002/ente.70650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70650","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The design of hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for solar cells via molecular engineering is presented in this work. The HTMs (Z26-1 to Z26-4) are designed around a thiophene core with electron-withdrawing groups, triphenylamine side arms, and bridge groups, following the D–π–A–π–D configuration, in place of the reference Z26-R, which contains a variety of thiophene derivatives at the core as acceptors. Quantum computations are used to investigate correlations between structure and properties of the designed HTMs, taking into account solubility-related descriptors, optoelectronic, and electrochemical properties. Favorable band alignment with perovskite layers and promising predicted photophysical properties, such as favorable hole-transport-related parameters and effective charge transfer, are displayed by the proposed HTMs. Z26-1 to Z26-4 exhibit deeper HOMO energy levels (ranging from −4.61 to −4.86 eV), smaller bandgaps (2.54–2.65 eV), optical transparency (539–563 nm), and decreased RE (0.178–0.258 eV), suggesting a potentially favorable hole-transporting character, which may be associated with enhanced hole delocalization facilitated by the thiophene core. The results elucidate the structure−property relationships governing charge transport in thiophene-based HTMs, demonstrate their ability to function as active layers in organic solar cells, and highlight the role of molecular engineering in optimizing their optoelectronic properties for photovoltaic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Efficient Upcycling Method for Preparing Nickel-Rich NCM From Waste Nickel-Poor NCM","authors":"Chengyan Huang,&nbsp;Hengyi Zhu,&nbsp;Haiou Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ente.70672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70672","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the transition from traditional fuel vehicles to electric vehicles, the number of lithium-ion batteries continues to surge, and the consequent problem of waste lithium-ion batteries is also emerging. At the same time, in order to achieve the high range of electric vehicles, there is a growing demand for lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. Therefore, how to upgrade waste lithium-ion batteries into cathode materials with higher energy density has become the main research hotspot in the repair process. Here, we have developed an upcycling method that combines hydrometallurgy and direct regeneration. Mixed organic acids were used to efficiently leach waste NCM111, and then nickel was added in the coprecipitation process, and finally NCM111 was upgraded to NCM622 by a high-temperature solid-phase method. The upgraded NCM622 achieves a first discharge specific capacity of 172.51 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C and still has a capacity retention rate of 89.4% after 100 cycles at 1 C, which is very close to the commercial NCM622.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Polygeneration System Based on Medical Waste Plasma Gasification and Coal Coking Coupled With SOFC, HRSG, and Seawater Desalination","authors":"Jiayang Lv,&nbsp;Heng Chen","doi":"10.1002/ente.70624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70624","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The treatment of coking waste and medical waste represents a major challenge in the fields of industrial development and environmental protection. To address this issue, this article proposes an integrated polygeneration system based on energy-grade matching and coordinated resource utilization of medical waste and coking by-products. In this system, coke produced from coal coking is directly sold externally. Tar and medical waste are mixed and treated via plasma gasification to generate syngas. The purified syngas and coke oven gas are used as feedstock for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The high-temperature flue gas from the SOFC system is sequentially fed into a waste heat boiler and a multistage flash desalination system, achieving cascading utilization of waste heat. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the total energy efficiency of the system is 81.31%, the net power generation efficiency is 55.32%, and the total exergy efficiency is 66.26%. The system's dynamic payback period is only 4.20 years, with a net present value of 6.04 × 10⁵ k$. The annual net profit of the system is 5.26 × 10⁵ k$. The research results demonstrate that this study provides a technically feasible and economically reasonable pathway for the resource utilization of medical waste and by-products from coal coking.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dilute Ag Distribution on Sequentially Sputtered Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 Solar Cells","authors":"Sivabalan Maniam Sivasankar,&nbsp;Carlos de Oliveira Amorim,&nbsp;Sílvia Rodrigues Gavinho,&nbsp;Xavier Leitão Pinheiro,&nbsp;Pedro Manuel Parracho Salomé,&nbsp;António Ferreira da Cunha","doi":"10.1002/ente.70659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70659","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-concentration silver (Ag) alloying can enhance the properties of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)₂ (CIGSSe) absorbers while limiting material cost and preserving industrial scalability, but its effectiveness depends on Ag distribution. Here, sequentially sputtered CIGSSe absorbers with Ag/(Ag + Cu) (AAC) = 3.0%–3.5% were fabricated from stacked precursors followed by rapid thermal processing (RTP). An Ag-free reference was compared with two dilute-Ag precursor architectures differing in the initial vertical placement of Ag. In both Ag-containing absorbers, dilute Ag alloying promoted substantial grain growth. XPS depth profiling nevertheless revealed distinct Ag redistribution profiles after RTP. The architecture with Ag initially concentrated toward the upper precursor region achieved the best performance, reaching 11.3% PCE compared with 7.1% for the reference, whereas Ag introduction throughout the precursor resulted in only 3.7% PCE, despite having the largest grains. These results show that, at low Ag contents compatible with scalable manufacturing, Ag consistently promotes grain growth, while its vertical placement and redistribution are more decisive for device performance than grain size alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of SrMoO3/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for OER","authors":"Sidra Batool,&nbsp;Haifa A. Alyousef,&nbsp;Albandari W. Alrowaily,&nbsp;Hussain Sawwan,&nbsp;Waqas Ul Arifeen,&nbsp;Abhinav Kumar,&nbsp;Rizwan Ul Hassan","doi":"10.1002/ente.70640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70640","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrocatalytic water splitting is intended to be a reliable route of producing hydrogen as a fuel using sustainable and renewable energy; however, its commercial applicability is hampered by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Perovskite-structured oxides have attracted notable research interest as promising catalysts toward OER in alkaline conditions. Herein, we report a novel anode material, SrMoO₃, fabricated via a hydrazine-assisted wet-chemical route, afterward coupled with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to accelerate the OER activity. Structural analysis of the developed electrocatalyst was examined and confirmed by using physical techniques, whereas the electrochemical analysis of SrMoO₃/rGO nanocomposite was executed in an alkaline solution. The SrMoO₃/rGO nanocomposite displayed pronounced potential for OER, demonstrating its ability to furnish favorable reaction sites and facile charge transport routes. The fabricated electrocatalyst manifested a decreased overpotential (<i>η</i>) of 236 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², and a significantly low Tafel slope (37 mV dec⁻¹). Also, it sustained durability for 80 h, implying that the fabricated nanocomposite material holds optimized electrocatalytic efficiency and swift reaction kinetics. All the above-stated results validate SrMoO₃/rGO as a promising contender for high-performance OER electrocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Uncertainty of Photovoltaic Power Sequences: A Novel Adaptive Dual-Modality United Perception Mechanism-Based Deep Learning Model With Error-Offset Dynamic Bandwidth Adjustment Strategy","authors":"Zhi-Feng Liu,&nbsp;Zeqi Li,&nbsp;Xiao-Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Wei-Qiang Kong,&nbsp;Xiao Du,&nbsp;Hong-Yun Jie,&nbsp;Yu Tang","doi":"10.1002/ente.70642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70642","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate characterization of photovoltaic (PV) power uncertainty is essential for improving renewable-energy integration and power-system operation. However, the strong volatility, nonstationarity, and weather dependence of PV power sequences pose substantial challenges to both point and interval forecasting. To address these issues, this study develops an integrated short-term PV power point-interval forecasting framework incorporating data preprocessing, adaptive deep learning, intelligent hyperparameter optimization, and dynamic interval estimation. First, a Daily Mean Isolation Forest (DMIF) algorithm is introduced to identify and correct abnormal data while reducing the influence of extreme outliers. Subsequently, an adaptive dual-modality united perception LSTM (ADM-LSTM) model is developed to separately capture oscillatory and stable characteristics of PV power sequences. A Coordinated Hunting-based Whale Optimization Algorithm (CHWOA) is further designed to optimize model hyperparameters, while an Error-Offset-based Dynamic Bandwidth Kernel Density Estimation (EODB-KDE) method is employed for probabilistic interval forecasting. Experiments are conducted using 5-min-resolution data from the DKASC PV system in Australia. Under sunny and rainy conditions, the ADM-LSTM achieves MAPE values of 0.6184% and 2.6515%, respectively. CHWOA demonstrates competitive convergence performance and enables the optimized ADM-LSTM to achieve an <i>R</i>² of 0.9859 with MAE and RMSE of 0.77329 and 1.0836, respectively. EODB-KDE substantially reduces prediction-interval width and center deviation while maintaining empirical coverage close to the target confidence levels. Structured ablation experiments further verify the individual contributions of DMIF, the dual-modality architecture, and CHWOA, with the complete framework achieving an <i>R</i>² of 0.9863, MAE of 0.5425, and RMSE of 0.9501. These results demonstrate that the proposed framework provides an effective approach for jointly improving the accuracy, robustness, and uncertainty characterization of short-term PV power forecasting.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunlight-Assisted Hydrogen Evolution on a 3D-Printed LCNO-Derived Multiphase La–Cu–Ni–O Ceramic Electrode","authors":"Evrim Baran Aydın,&nbsp;Sevgi Ateş,&nbsp;Gökmen Sığırcık","doi":"10.1002/ente.70655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70655","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reports the fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) LCNO-derived multiphase La–Cu–Ni–O ceramic electrode using polylactic acid-supported fused granular fabrication followed by sintering. X-ray diffraction and reference intensity ratio (RIR)-based phase analysis showed that the electrode comprised copper nickel lanthanum oxide, lanthanum nickel oxide, lanthanum copper oxide, and metallic Ni phases rather than phase-pure La₂CuNiO₆ double perovskite. Complementary analyses confirmed the formation of a multiphase ceramic system and retention of its interconnected porous 3D architecture after thermal processing. The hydrogen evolution reaction performance of the sintered electrode (Sin-LCNO) was evaluated under dark and sunlight conditions using linear sweep voltammetry, polarization, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Illumination produced a current-density-dependent response, with a higher overpotential at 1 mA cm⁻² but a lower overpotential at 10 mA cm⁻². The charge–transfer resistance decreased from 870.4 Ω cm² in darkness to 728.10 Ω cm² under sunlight, indicating facilitated interfacial charge transfer. Mott–Schottky analysis indicated n-type semiconductor behavior, a flat-band potential of −1.13 V, and a donor density of 8.8 × 10¹⁸ cm⁻³. The electrode exhibited a sustained photocurrent response over 10 000 s and achieved an applied-bias photon-to-current efficiency of 0.146% under 1-sun illumination. Overall, its performance reflects the combined contributions of the multiphase oxide matrix and metallic Ni.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfuric Acid-Dissolved Cellulose-Induced Toughened Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Electrolyte for Flexible Energy Storage","authors":"Cao Xueqian,&nbsp;Li Mingyu,&nbsp;Yuan Haoxiang,&nbsp;Zhang Xiaomin,&nbsp;Zhu Jin","doi":"10.1002/ente.70658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70658","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogel electrolytes are widely employed in flexible solid-state supercapacitors owing to their biodegradability, nontoxicity, and low cost. However, the further application of pure PVA hydrogel is limited by its low mechanical properties, narrow electrochemical working window, and insufficient frost resistance. In this study, a cellulose solution dissolved in sulfuric acid was directly incorporated into the PVA hydrogel, and the PVA/cellulose composite hydrogel was prepared via a freeze–thaw cycling method. The resulting composite exhibited excellent mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of up to 0.66 MPa and an elongation at break of 896%, as well as remarkable self-healing capability. After soaking in LiCl electrolyte, the obtained composite hydrogel electrolyte was used to assemble a supercapacitor, which delivered a specific capacitance of 248 mF cm⁻² at a current density of 2 mA cm⁻² and remained electrochemically operational at −25 °C. Even after 180° bending, the specific capacitance retention rate of the capacitor is as high as 98.4%, and the hydrogel still has 95% specific capacitance retention after fracture self-healing. These results indicate that the PVA/cellulose composite hydrogel electrolyte has broad application prospects in flexible wearable energy storage devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Flexible Cross-Linked Naphthalene Polyimide Cathode With Superior Cycling Stability for Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Alenthwar Vamshi Krishna,&nbsp;Dimpal Deori,&nbsp;Deivasigamani Umadevi,&nbsp;Thangavelu Palaniselvam,&nbsp;Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju","doi":"10.1002/ente.70653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70653","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With rising global demand for sustainable energy technologies, there is a growing need to develop efficient, environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, we present the synthesis of a flexible, three-dimensional cross-linked polymer, <b>NDI-TREN</b>, prepared via a condensation reaction between 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN). The π-conjugated, electroactive NTCDA unit provides structural rigidity and redox-active carbonyl groups, while the flexible TREN supports the formation of a sturdy 3D polymer framework. A key aspect of this work is the use of an environmentally friendly, water-based electrode fabrication method that employs carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the binder. This green approach substantially improves the sustainability and safety of electrode preparation without sacrificing performance. The resulting <b>NDI-TREN</b> polymer features a porous structure and abundant carbonyl sites, facilitating efficient sodium-ion diffusion and highly reversible redox activity. It achieves a high specific capacity of 130 mAh g⁻¹, along with excellent cycling performance, retaining 80% of its capacity after 8300 cycles at 500 mA g⁻¹ and 65% after 5000 cycles at a higher current density (1 A g⁻¹), with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency throughout. These findings demonstrate that <b>NDI-TREN</b> is a promising organic cathode material for sustainable, durable sodium-ion batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilayer Cathodes With Graded Inactive Materials: Impact on Adhesion and Electronic Conductivity in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes","authors":"Fatjon Maxharraj,&nbsp;Granit Jashari,&nbsp;Kristian Nikolowski,&nbsp;Peter Marcinkowski,&nbsp;Mareike Partsch,&nbsp;Alexander Michaelis","doi":"10.1002/ente.70651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70651","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thick electrodes with areal capacities exceeding 4 mAh cm⁻² remain essential for high energy density lithium-ion batteries, yet they often exhibit mechanical instability and compromised electronic/ionic transport. This study introduces multilayer cathode designs that employ functionally graded inactive materials, binder, or conductive additive, to address these issues independently. Each graded electrode consists of two layers with complementary inactive material contents of 1 and 5 wt.%, resulting in an average composition of 3 wt.%. For comparison, single-layer electrodes containing 3 wt.% carbon black (CB) or 3 wt.% binder were processed. For each electrode design, three different areal loadings (4, 7, and 10 mAh cm⁻²) were investigated. Graded binder designs improve mechanical integrity of high‑loading electrodes (~10 mAh cm⁻²) by shifting the failure mode from adhesive at the current collector to cohesive at the interlayer boundary. This removes adhesion as the limiting factor and increases pull‑off strength. Graded CB designs influence the electronic and ionic transport behavior. A uniform CB distribution provides the lowest electronic resistance. Overall, these results show that targeted grading of inactive components can improve the mechanical stability and electrochemical performance of thick electrodes, although the effects depend strongly on the selected grading strategy and component distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.70651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}