Energy technology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Glass Interface Engineering Enables Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Ersan Y. Muslih,&nbsp;Neng Hani Handayani,&nbsp;Masahiro Nakano,&nbsp;Makoto Karakawa,&nbsp;Mohammad Ismail Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Akhtaruzzaman,&nbsp;Jean-Michel Nunzi,&nbsp;Olivier Lebel,&nbsp;Tetsuya Taima,&nbsp;Md. Shahiduzzaman","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502597","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite solar cells with inverted configuration (p–i–n) offer simple, low-temperature fabrication and high open-circuit voltage, but they are limited by poor thermal and moisture stability. Here, we introduce solution-processable amorphous molecular glass electron-acceptor interlayers, comprising two fused fluoranthene imide (FFI) derivatives and a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) analog, which simultaneously enhance the efficiency and operational durability of MAPbI₃ p–i–n devices. These glassy films utilize strong <i>π</i>–<i>π</i> stacking, electron-withdrawing triazine and thiophene units, and inherent hydrophobicity to optimize energy-level alignment with PCBM, reduce ion migration, and prevent moisture ingress. The addition of FFI increases the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 14.6% to 15.5% and raises the water contact angle from 77° to 108°. Under continuous maximum power point tracking at 85°C, FFI-modified cells retain over 90% of their initial PCE after 96 h, while control devices degrade within 48 h. X-ray diffraction and UV–Vis measurements confirm the sustained integrity of the <i>α</i>-phase and minimal formation of PbI₂. This interfacial engineering approach offers a scalable pathway to high-performance, durable perovskite photovoltaics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.202502597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Properties of Spinel-Structured Co-Doped ZnFe2O4 for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution and Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"Mohd Rehan Ansari,&nbsp;Sagar Sen,&nbsp;M. Jayasimhadri,&nbsp;Koteswara Rao Peta","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502559","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The eco-friendly, low-cost catalysts with high activity and stability are key to advancing efficient water splitting and energy storage for sustainable green energy. To address this, cobalt-doped zinc ferrite (Co_<i>x</i>Zn₍₁₋_<i>x</i>)Fe₂O₄, <i>x</i> = 0.0–0.4) nanoparticles were synthesized using hibiscus leaves extract via microwave-assisted solution combustion method. Structural, morphological, and optical analysis (HR-XRD, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-DRS, EDX, FTIR, and brunauer emmett teller (BET)) confirmed the successful incorporation of Co²⁺ ions into the spinel lattice. Rietveld refinement further verified the cubic spinel structure with the Fd-3m space group. Co-doping greatly enhanced the electrochemical performance of ZnFe₂O₄ with Co_0.3Zn_0.7Fe₂O₄, achieving the highest specific capacitance of 161.72 and 453.63 F/g at 1 A/g under different electrolyte concentrations, along with excellent cycling stability (87.18% after 1000 cycles). Solid-state symmetric supercapacitor based on this composition delivered 111.25 F/g with 86.93% retention after 3000 galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD) cycles, demonstrating favorable energy and power densities. In parallel, the optimized Co_0.2Zn_0.8Fe₂O₄ catalyst exhibited superior HER and OER performance, with an overpotential of 115 and 288 mV, respectively, at 10 mA/cm². These improvements are attributed to enhanced electronic conductivity from partial Zn²⁺ substitution by Co²⁺ and synergistic effects within the spinel matrix. Overall, Co-doped ZnFe₂O₄ offers a promising and sustainable pathway for bifunctional applications in both high-performance supercapacitors and water electrolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel Single-Atom Intercalated MXene/Metal–Organic Framework Composite for Superior Lithium and Sodium Storage","authors":"Hassan Akhtar,&nbsp;Hanchen Xu,&nbsp;Zohaib Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Yang Yu,&nbsp;Peter Joseph Chimtali,&nbsp;Changda Wang,&nbsp;Li Song","doi":"10.1002/ente.70476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid growth of portable electronics continues to drive the demand for advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, we synthesized a nickel single-atom intercalated Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i>/ZIF-8 composite (Ni-MXene/metal–organic framework (MOF)) to overcome the limitations of conventional anode materials. The local coordination environment and electronic structure of nickel atoms in the MXene/MOF composite were systematically investigated using synchrotron radiation–based X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. XAFS analysis provided a precise determination of the oxidation states and bonding configurations of Ni. The room temperature synthesis method used for the Ni-MXene/MOF composite effectively preserved its layered structure. Comprehensive structural and electrochemical analysis revealed that incorporating nickel single atoms within the MXene/MOF framework improved conductivity, enhanced active sites, and ensured stable structural integrity during charge–discharge cycles. The Ni-MXene/MOF composite electrodes demonstrated an outstanding initial discharge capacity of 1319 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ for LIBs, while delivering 573 mAh g⁻¹ under the same conditions for sodium ion batteries. The novel structural design of Ni-MXene/MOF demonstrated minimal capacity degradation even after extended cycling, underscoring the exceptional stability. These results suggest a promising approach for the rational design of high-performance anode materials, emphasizing the synergistic role of metal intercalation in hybrid architectures for next-generation lithium- and sodium-storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Chemical Composite Flooding Enhance Oil Recovery in Heavy Reservoirs After Steam Huff and Puff Cycles","authors":"Lei Tao,&nbsp;Xikang Zheng,&nbsp;Jiajia Bai,&nbsp;Hai Zhu,&nbsp;Na Zhang,&nbsp;Wenyang shi,&nbsp;Qingjie Zhu,&nbsp;Zhengxiao Xu,&nbsp;Zhu Ren,&nbsp;Tianshuai Gu,&nbsp;Songyan Li,&nbsp;Yongfei Yang","doi":"10.1002/ente.202501792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202501792","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After multiple steam huff-and-puff cycles, medium–high permeability heavy oil reservoirs are plagued by severe steam channeling, elevated water cut, and inadequate oil recovery. To mitigate this challenge, this study utilized a three-dimensional (3D) visualization sand pack model to investigate the performance of slug chemical composite flooding (CCF) injection following multiple steam huff-and-puff cycles. The results demonstrate that compared with the post-steam huff-and-puff stage, the CCF system enhanced oil recovery by 33.67%, achieved a maximum water cut reduction of 43.78%, and expanded the swept volume of low-permeability regions by 21.40%. Findings reveal that the plugging agent effectively sealed preferential seepage channels, the oil-displacement agent reduced the oil–water flow ratio, and the viscosity reducer significantly lowered crude oil viscosity, with the synergistic effect of these three agents collectively contributing to improved recovery efficiency. This study offers valuable insights into the application of CCF in enhancing oil recovery from medium–high permeability heavy oil reservoirs after multiple rounds of steam huff and puff thermal recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel Consumption and Emissions Reductions of Hybrid Electric Regional-Haul Trucks Equipped with a High-Pressure Direct Injection Natural Gas Engine in Real-World Driving Conditions","authors":"Sina Moghadasi,&nbsp;Navid Balazadeh-Meresht,&nbsp;Gordon McTaggart-Cowan,&nbsp;Mahdi Shahbakhti","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrating powertrain electrification with efficient engines using low-carbon fuels like natural gas (NG) improves energy conversion efficiency and mitigates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in heavy-duty (HD) trucks. High-pressure direct injection (HPDI) NG engines, using less than 5% diesel (energy basis) as pilot fuel, offer diesel-like efficiency with 15–25% lower GHGs. This work evaluates integrating an HPDI NG engine with a hybrid electric powertrain to reduce net energy consumption and GHG emissions from regional-haul trucks. The HPDI NG engine is developed and validated using experimental test-cell data, matching the rated power of the diesel engine in the conventional baseline model. Two hybrid electric configurations: a pretransmission parallel (P<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi></mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$_{mathrm{2}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) hybrid and a complex power-split hybrid (PSH), are innovatively designed to meet the high-torque, transient demands of HD trucks. A multistage optimal component-sizing framework is implemented to minimize energy consumption while maintaining baseline performance. Hybridizing the HPDI NG engines improves net powertrain energy efficiency by 5.2% for the PSH and 4.0% for the P<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi></mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> hybrid design across a real-world highway cycle at full cargo load. Tank-to-wheel CO<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi></mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and CH<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi></mi>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$_{4}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> emissions, along with component-level energy losses and efficiencies, are compared between hybridized and conventional configurations across urban and highway driving under varying cargo loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.202502541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics Study and Floating Magnet Structure Improvement of Airflow Energy Harvester Based on Diamagnetic Levitation","authors":"Zhiyong Pang,&nbsp;Xia Li,&nbsp;Zhigang Jia,&nbsp;Yibao Zhang,&nbsp;Kean Chin Aw,&nbsp;Yufeng Su","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, an airflow energy harvester based on diamagnetic levitation is investigated to optimize the floating magnet configuration for enhanced energy conversion and harvesting performance. The influence of the notch radius of the floating magnet on its rotational characteristics is analyzed through simulation, leading to an improved structural design with the floating magnet encapsulated by a resin housing. Comparative simulation and experiment are conducted on the airflow energy harvester before and after the improvements. The results demonstrate that the corresponding steady-state levitation gap at the same upper spacing increases. The housing does not affect the energy conversion coefficient, and both the rotational speed of the combined floating magnet and the induced electromotive force (EMF) generated in the coils increase as the housing's external notch radius decreases. At an airflow rate of 3000 sccm through both nozzles, the improved harvester yields an average peak voltage of 3.463 V, an effective voltage of 2.449 V, and an average harvested power of 237.94 mW without an external circuit. The optimal output power is 112 mW, with a power density of 1.2556 mW/cm³, and an energy conversion efficiency of 28.96%. 60 LEDs are illuminated by the improved energy harvester, verifying its application feasibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emerging Role of Solid Additives in Advancing Stability and Performance of Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Hemraj Dahiya,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar,&nbsp;Ganesh D. Sharma,&nbsp;Supravat Karak","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502517","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid development of organic solar cells (OSCs) in recent years has been largely driven by advances in nonfullerene acceptors and innovative device architectures. Beyond material design, solid additives have emerged as an effective strategy to regulate active-layer morphology, enhance charge transport, and suppress recombination losses, thereby improving device efficiency and stability. Compared with traditional solvent additives, solid additives provide better control over nanoscale molecular packing and donor–acceptor phase separation, leading to more stable film morphologies. This review summarizes recent progress on solid additives in OSCs, focusing on their impact on active-layer crystallinity, donor–acceptor miscibility, exciton dissociation, and charge-carrier dynamics. Representative studies demonstrate that solid additives can significantly enhance power conversion efficiency by promoting favorable molecular orientation and reducing trap-assisted recombination. Their role in mitigating key challenges such as nonradiative voltage losses, thermal instability, and large-area film uniformity is also discussed. Furthermore, different classes of solid additives, including volatile small molecules, halogenated compounds, and emerging green materials, are compared in terms of performance enhancement and scalability. Finally, future perspectives emphasize rational additive design to enable eco-friendly, durable, and commercially viable OSC technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Overhead Line Operating Conditions on Energy Harvesting Capacity of Thermoelectric Generators Mounted on Line Fittings","authors":"Lu Han,&nbsp;Zhanfeng Ying,&nbsp;Wei Zu","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Line fittings widely distributed on overhead power lines produce considerable waste heat. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) offer a promising self-powered solution for monitoring devices by harvesting such energy. However, there are complex and diverse operating conditions for the overhead line, including line current, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and solar irradiance. The influence of these operating conditions on the energy harvested by the TEG from the fittings has not been explored, which greatly restricts the development of the waste heat recovery system of fittings. By using an experimental platform for simulating line operation, it experimentally investigates the impact of the line operating conditions on the energy harvesting of TEGs mounted on the fitting. In addition, the sensitivity analysis of different influencing factors is performed according to the experimental data. The results show that due to the unequal influence of line operating conditions on the thermal performance of line fittings and TEG heatsinks, there are diversified relationships between TEG outputs and influencing factors, including monotonic relationships, single-peak relationships, and multi-peak relationships. The sensitivity analysis reveals the dominant factors affecting energy harvesting, which provides important guidance for optimal design, performance test, and actual deployment of the waste heat recovery system in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Data-Driven-Based Remaining Useful Life Prediction Methods for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","authors":"Songting Li,&nbsp;Yangyang Ma,&nbsp;Yujie Nie,&nbsp;Hao Yuan,&nbsp;Shulin Zhou,&nbsp;Penglong Bao,&nbsp;Xuezhe Wei,&nbsp;Jiangong Zhu,&nbsp;Haifeng Dai","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered as one of the leading technologies for future new energy vehicles due to their advantages, including zero emissions and high efficiency. However, the large-scale commercialization of PEMFCs is still constrained by durability issues. Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction enables the estimation of degradation rates in PEMFCs, thereby facilitating the implementation of life-extension strategies and proactive maintenance before the end of their service life. In recent years, data-driven methods have become a mainstream approach for RUL prediction, as they effectively capture complex degradation patterns that are challenging to model using traditional methods. Therefore, conducting a systematic and comprehensive review of data-driven methods for RUL prediction is both scientifically significant and critically important. This paper introduces commonly used datasets and data preprocessing techniques for data-driven methods, outlining key concepts and steps involved in the RUL prediction workflow. It then reviews the research progress on data-driven methods for predicting the RUL of PEMFCs, including traditional neural network-based, classical machine learning-based, and deep learning-based methods. In addition, by comparing various methods from three perspectives: accuracy, computational efficiency, and applicability to real-world systems, this paper aims to provide valuable guidance for future research on PEMFC durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Synthesis of Bimetallic Oxides (ZnMn2O4) From MOFs for Enhanced Asymmetric Supercapacitor Performance","authors":"Dharti Patel,&nbsp;Pruthvi Patel,&nbsp;Anita Patel,&nbsp;Sanjay N. Bariya,&nbsp;Yash G. Kapdi,&nbsp;Vanaraj Solanki,&nbsp;Saurabh S. Soni,&nbsp;Mitesh H. Patel","doi":"10.1002/ente.202502180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202502180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The synthesis of metal oxides using metal–organic framework (MOF) templates allows precise control over surface morphology and tailorable chemical functionality, thereby facilitating the fabrication of highly porous and crystalline structures that are essential for high-performance energy storage devices such as supercapacitors (SCs). This study reports the development of bimetallic oxide ZnMn₂O₄ materials derived from MOFs through a facile solvothermal synthesis process followed by calcination, aiming to enhance their performance in an asymmetric supercapacitor device. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the material exhibits a tetragonal crystal structure with the space group I4<i>₁</i>/<i>amd</i>. Furthermore, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectra confirm the presence of metal–oxide bonds within the material. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses indicate the presence of a microspherical morphology, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms that Zn exists in the +2, and Mn in the +3 oxidation state in the ZnMn₂O₄ material. The electrochemical analysis of the ZnMn₂O₄ electrode was assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) within a 2 M KOH electrolyte. At a scan rate of 10 mV/s, the ZnMn₂O₄ electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 537 F/g, while at a current density of 1 A/g, it provided 558 F/g. The electrode displayed excellent cycle stability, with a capacitance retention of 95.90% and a Coulombic efficiency of 99.95% after 1000 cycles at a current density of 3 A/g. The as-fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor device (ZnMn₂O₄//activated carbon) showed 69.90% capacitance retention and 72.65% Coulombic efficiency after 5000 cycles at a current density of 3 A/g, while achieving energy and power densities of 50.94 Wh/kg and 800 W/kg, respectively, within a 1.6 V potential window. These findings may contribute to the development of advanced supercapacitors based on bimetallic metal oxide nanostructures derived from MOFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}