Engineering Geology最新文献_第7页

Machine learning enhanced bridge vulnerability quantification under rockfall hazards 机器学习增强了落石灾害下桥梁脆弱性量化

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108066

Jingfeng Zhang , Yifan Jing , Jie Ma , Jiaxin Luo , Han Bao , Shizhi Chen

{"title":"Machine learning enhanced bridge vulnerability quantification under rockfall hazards","authors":"Jingfeng Zhang , Yifan Jing , Jie Ma , Jiaxin Luo , Han Bao , Shizhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rockfall hazards pose a significant threat to bridge safety in mountainous regions. While existing studies often separate geological hazard analysis from structural vulnerability assessments, leading to inaccurate risk evaluations. Despite advancements in rockfall trajectory modeling and structural impact simulations, limited integration of these disciplines hinders the precise quantification of bridge failure risks under dynamic rockfall scenarios. This leads to inaccurate assessments of structural damage characteristics and failure risks. This study proposes a machine learning (ML)-assisted framework for assessing bridge failure risks that integrates geological disaster analysis. First, a high-dimensional joint distribution model of rockfall impact parameters is constructed using rockfall disaster simulation and ensemble ML approach. Next, a surrogate model for evaluating the residual load-bearing capacity of bridges is developed using the XGBoost algorithm. The dataset for model training is derived from the finite element restart analysis method and Table Generative Adversarial Network (TGAN) augmentation. Monte Carlo sampling (MCs) is employed to accurately quantify bridge risk, using the high-dimensional joint distribution of impact parameters and the surrogate model for residual performance evaluation. The joint geological-structural framework enables rapid risk assessments for site-specific slopes and bridge configurations, providing actionable insights for infrastructure resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108066"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new insight into failure mechanism of granular plugging zone for wellbore strengthening in deep fractured reservoirs based on force chains energy dissipation 基于力链能量耗散的深部裂缝性储层颗粒封堵带强化井眼破坏机制新认识

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108067

Xiaopeng Yan , Maojiang Li , Chengyuan Xu , Song Deng , Yili Kang , Haoran Jing , Zhenjiang You

{"title":"A new insight into failure mechanism of granular plugging zone for wellbore strengthening in deep fractured reservoirs based on force chains energy dissipation","authors":"Xiaopeng Yan , Maojiang Li , Chengyuan Xu , Song Deng , Yili Kang , Haoran Jing , Zhenjiang You","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural integrity of a granular plugging zone is critical for its ability to withstand pressure in geological formations, directly impacting the success of drilling operations in oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs. Mesoscopic force chains, formed by the contact between granules, are essential for pressure support in these zones. This study sheds light on the pressure stability of the granular plugging zone's structure in deep wellbore conditions, especially in response to pressure fluctuations. Adopting a fresh perspective on energy dissipation in strong force chains, we conducted a photoelastic experiment to accurately observe how energy dissipation evolves in these chains under simulated pressure fluctuations in deep wellbore environments. The results show that particle shape, type, size, fluid environment, and porosity significantly impact energy dissipation. Triangular and strip-shaped particles reduced the force chain energy dissipation by over 65 %, with rates dropping from 0.0200 %/s to 0.0060 %/s. Mixed-size particles showed a dissipation decrease of 58 % to 84 % compared to single-size ones. Oil-based drilling fluids increased dissipation to 0.0083 %/s, whereas a 1 % porosity reduction decreased dissipation by 13 %. The evolution of force chain energy is driven by external loads and internal dissipation from granular interactions. Displacement and structural damage disrupt the mechanical equilibrium of particles transferring the strong contact force, triggering energy surface changes that consequently lead to macroscopic failure. Optimizing particle shape, incorporating elastic materials, and increasing plugging zone density can enhance energy dissipation efficiency, thereby improving structural strength and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108067"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amplified coseismic loess failure and postseismic landslide acceleration triggered by the 2023 Jishishan, China earthquake 2023年鸡石山地震引发的同震黄土破坏及震后滑坡加速

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108074

Chuang Song , Bo Chen , Yu Li , Zhenhong Li , Jiantao Du , Chen Yu , Jianbing Peng , Haihui Liu , Zhenjiang Liu , Xiaoning Hu , Xinlong Li , Yong Hu , Giovanni Crosta

{"title":"Amplified coseismic loess failure and postseismic landslide acceleration triggered by the 2023 Jishishan, China earthquake","authors":"Chuang Song , Bo Chen , Yu Li , Zhenhong Li , Jiantao Du , Chen Yu , Jianbing Peng , Haihui Liu , Zhenjiang Liu , Xiaoning Hu , Xinlong Li , Yong Hu , Giovanni Crosta","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moderate-sized earthquakes of magnitude 6 are typically considered not as destructive as larger earthquakes (>M7), but this may be different when triggering geohazards in semi-arid environments. Agricultural production in such environments relies on irrigation, which increases liquefaction susceptibility, particularly in loess deposits that are highly porous, prone to structure collapse, and amplifying seismic hazards. Despite this, the combined impact of agricultural activities and loess amplification on secondary earthquake hazards has been largely overlooked. In this study, we investigated the hazards triggered by a Mw 6.1 earthquake in Jishishan County, Gansu Province, China, a region connecting the Tibetan and Loess Plateaus. Our results, derived from satellite and drone observations, field surveys, and P-wave and S-wave velocity structure inversion, reveal significantly exacerbated seismic hazards, including 9340 densely distributed coseismic landslides, a deadly 3-km-long liquefaction-induced mudflow enabled by irrigation and land reclamation, and loess-amplified seismic subsidence exceeding 0.5 m. These severe hazards are rare for earthquakes of this magnitude and underscore how agricultural activities and the unconsolidated nature of loess deposits exacerbate landsliding and damage during moderate-sized earthquakes. Additionally, we identified 372 earthquake-accelerated landslides (EALs) using time-series InSAR. Compared to coseismic loess landslides, EAL is prone to occur in the far field with weaker seismic shaking. This study provides critical insights for improving the prevention and mitigation of earthquake-induced hazards in semi-arid loess environments, particularly those impacted by frequent anthropogenic modifications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An equivalent state method for submarine spread modeling subject to hydrate dissociation 水合物解离下潜艇扩散模拟的等效状态法

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108070

Fengyao Zhao , Lulu Zhang , Te Xiao , Yangming Chen

{"title":"An equivalent state method for submarine spread modeling subject to hydrate dissociation","authors":"Fengyao Zhao , Lulu Zhang , Te Xiao , Yangming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spreading is one of the key factors shaping the ridge-and-trough submarine morphology. There is a certain spatial correlation between submarine spreading and the occurrence of methane hydrate, yet the mechanism is not well understood and numerical evidence of this process is insufficient. This study presents a numerical study on hydrate-induced submarine spreading. A novel scheme is developed to couple the thermal dissociation analysis of hydrate and large deformation analysis of spreading, in which an equivalent state method based on the theory of unsaturated soil strength is proposed to guarantee the physical continuity in phase pressures and phase saturations. A two-layer continental slope example in the South China Sea is used to investigate the key features of hydrate-induced submarine spreading. Three typical stages are identified: the initiation of spreading after hydrate dissociation, the propagation of basal shear band towards the downslope, and the formation of ridges and troughs. The simulated results are comparable to the field observations of submarine morphology in the presence of shallow hydrate reservoirs. The onset of spreading is primarily dominated by the length and continuity of hydrate layer, followed by its depth. This study reveals a potential mechanism on how the dissociated hydrate induces submarine spreading, which is beneficial for risk assessment of deep-sea infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108070"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated modeling of thermal decarbonation and three-dimensional poroelastic fluid behavior: Assessment of stored CO2 leakage along carbonate fault 热脱碳与三维孔隙弹性流体行为的综合建模：碳酸盐岩断层储层CO2泄漏评价

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108065

Chan-Hee Jang , Byung-Dal So , Kyeong-Min Lee , Hyun Na Kim

{"title":"Integrated modeling of thermal decarbonation and three-dimensional poroelastic fluid behavior: Assessment of stored CO2 leakage along carbonate fault","authors":"Chan-Hee Jang , Byung-Dal So , Kyeong-Min Lee , Hyun Na Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimation of permeability changes and fluid flow is necessary to ensure storage integrity during carbon storage in carbonate formations. This study evaluates the effect of thermal decarbonation driven by seismic slip along a carbonate fault on the leakage of pre-injected CO<sub>2</sub>. We constructed a centimeter-scale one-dimensional thermal decarbonation (1D-TD) model to investigate fault geometry and thermochemical effects on porosity evolution with various geomechanical properties. Then, a three-dimensional poroelastic leakage (3D-PL) model was coupled, using permeability structures exchanged with the 1D-TD model, to calculate the leakage rate based on regional-scale fault geometry. The evolved fault permeability is positively correlated with fault depth and friction coefficient, while larger shear zone width and TD activation energy lead to lower permeability. In the 3D-PL model, CO<sub>2</sub> ascends along the fault as fault permeability increases after fault reactivation. The annual leakage rate measured at 0.5 km above the reservoir varies from 0.054 % to 4.56 % of the total injection amount, for the cases of fault depth = 3 and 5 km and shear zone width = 0.005 and 0.001 m, respectively. Our model suggests that the leakage rate > 1 % can occur with a deep fault (5 km) and extremely localized shear zone. Since carbon storage reservoirs are typically between 1 and 3 km deep, fluid leakage due to the TD-driven permeability increase will be minimal. Furthermore, near-surface leakage is negligible as TD effects are attenuated at shallow depth due to low confining stress, limiting the permeability increase by a factor of three or less.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108065"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bearing capacity and deformation behavior of shallow footing loads on geogrid reinforced marine coral sand 海相珊瑚砂加筋土工格栅浅基础承载力及变形特性

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108069

Zhaogang Luo , Xuanming Ding , Qiang Ou , Ting Zhang , Xihong Zhang

{"title":"Bearing capacity and deformation behavior of shallow footing loads on geogrid reinforced marine coral sand","authors":"Zhaogang Luo , Xuanming Ding , Qiang Ou , Ting Zhang , Xihong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigation of the bearing behavior of geogrid-reinforced coral sand (GRCS) is essential for engineering construction safety in the island and coastal regions. Coral sand, characterized by its weak and irregularly shaped particles, presents unique challenges compared to clay and silty sand, influencing bearing and deformation performance. In this study, laboratory model tests are conducted to assess the impacts of various factors on the bearing capacity and deformation performance of rigid shallow footings on the GRCS, including footing size, the number of geogrids, burial depth, and spacing of geogrids. A three-dimensional discrete-continuous coupled numerical method was developed to explore the microscopic bearing and deformation mechanisms, focusing on the particle-crushing effect. Test results show that the bearing capacity suffers from the burial depth of the single-layer geogrid and decays more slowly than the conventional soils after reaching the critical depth. For multi-layer reinforcements, optimizing burial depths and spacing allows doubling of the bearing capacity compared to the unreinforced condition. The microscopic numerical results show that particle crushing reduces the stress level and failure area of the foundation soil, degrading the macroscopic bearing performance. Although various factors influence the bearing behavior, the geogrid-particle interaction within the core bearing zone determines bearing, settlement, stress, and particle crushing. This study enhances the understanding of the macro-micro bearing behavior of shallow footings on GRCS and provides insight into the potential reinforcement design and engineering geological disaster prevention on marine coral sand sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108069"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low field NMR based relative permeability and drying model for unsaturated granular materials 基于低场核磁共振的非饱和颗粒材料相对渗透率与干燥模型

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108071

Wonjun Cha , Junghee Park , Sang Inn Woo

{"title":"Low field NMR based relative permeability and drying model for unsaturated granular materials","authors":"Wonjun Cha , Junghee Park , Sang Inn Woo","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and airflow variations critically influence soil-atmosphere interactions and subsurface evaporation processes. This study investigates the role of particle and pore sizes in the drying dynamics of unsaturated coarse-grained granular media under low-humidity airflow, employing coupled nuclear magnetic resonance <em>NMR</em> and matric suction measurements. Comprehensive experiments analyze grain size impacts on (1) drying rates, (2) matric suction evolution, and (3) <em>T</em><sub><em>2</em></sub> relaxation times. Results reveal that finer-grained specimens retain higher asymptotic saturation due to stronger capillary forces, while smaller mean grain sizes <em>d</em><sub><em>50</em></sub> correlate with elevated matric suction in constant-suction zones. A geometric constant (a = 4), derived from mercury intrusion porosimetry, BET specific surface analysis and NMR spectroscopy with various coarse-grained materials, enables direct conversion of <em>T</em><sub><em>2</em></sub> relaxation times to pore diameter <em>d</em><sub><em>p</em></sub> and assuming simple cubic packing allow to estimate <em>d</em><sub><em>50</em></sub>. This constant underpins a log-normal pore size distribution model that aligns with suction measurements. We propose a three-stage drying model integrating surface evaporation, capillary flow, and soil-internal vapor diffusion, validated against experimental data for glass beads and sand. NMR-derived hydraulic properties enable accurate predictions of drying curves, advancing non-destructive characterization of unsaturated soils for geotechnical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108071"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating DInSAR and detailed mapping for characterizing ground displacement in the Cardona salt extrusion related to diapiric uplift, disolutional lowering, landsliding and sinkholes 结合DInSAR和详细填图表征Cardona盐挤压过程中与底辟隆升、溶蚀降低、滑坡和陷落孔相关的地面位移特征

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108068

Guillermo Pérez-Villar , Francisco Gutiérrez , Giuseppe Bausilio , Diego Di Martire

{"title":"Integrating DInSAR and detailed mapping for characterizing ground displacement in the Cardona salt extrusion related to diapiric uplift, disolutional lowering, landsliding and sinkholes","authors":"Guillermo Pérez-Villar , Francisco Gutiérrez , Giuseppe Bausilio , Diego Di Martire","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt diapirs, despite their inherent instability related to salt flow and dissolution (<em>terra infirma</em>), are often the focus of significant economic activities and sensitive facilities (e.g., salt mining, hydrocarbon production, geostorage). Nonetheless, Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) studies on active diapirs are relatively scarce and frequently lack field-based characterization and independent validation of displacement rates. This work analyses the complex spatial and temporal patterns of ground displacement at the Cardona salt extrusion (NE Spain) combining detailed mapping and DInSAR LoS (Line of Sight) and vertical displacement data obtained by both coherence-based (i.e. Small BAseline Subset – SBAS) and Persistent Scatterers-like (PS) approaches. Overall, the salt extrusion is affected by steady diapiric uplift driven by differential loading and increasing towards the axis of the salt wall to vertical rates of 2–3.5 cm/yr. The obtained rates are in agreement with long-term rates previously calculated using radiocarbon dated uplifted terraces and are comparable with those obtained at vigorously rising salt extrusions in the Zagros Mountains. DInSAR data reveal other local ground displacement processes substantiated by field mapping and damage on human structures, including: (1) rapid dissolutional lowering at salt exposures, showing a tight temporal correlation with rainfall data (>5 cm/yr); (2) widespread dissolution-induced subsidence in valley-floor alluvium underlain by salt bedrock; (3) landsliding favored by diapiric rise and slope oversteepening; and (4) some large active sinkholes. This case study illustrates the practicality of integrating complementary DInSAR and field-based approaches for the comprehensive characterization of ground instability in salt diapirs, providing an objective basis for assessing the associated hazards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108068"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confinement pressure effect and influence mechanism of water injection-induced slip of shale fracture 页岩裂缝注水诱发滑移的约束压力效应及影响机理

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108061

Jianfeng Liu , Yisong Ding , Fujun Xue , Jinbing Wei , Hao Lin , Hangyu Dai

{"title":"Confinement pressure effect and influence mechanism of water injection-induced slip of shale fracture","authors":"Jianfeng Liu , Yisong Ding , Fujun Xue , Jinbing Wei , Hao Lin , Hangyu Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water injection-induced fault slip is a prevalent phenomenon in shale gas extraction activities. To investigate the effects of confinement pressure on the slip behavior and its underlying mechanism, this study conducted water injection slip tests on shale samples with prefabricated fractures under varying confining pressures. The test results demonstrated significant confinement pressure effects on the slip characteristics of shale fractures. As confining pressure increased, the fracture openness decreased, and the initial slip water pressure rose, resulting in increased accumulated energy and the occurrence of significant “stick-slip” phenomena, which generated active acoustic emission (AE) signals. Additionally, an increase in confining pressure was accompanied by an elevation in the overpressure ratio, indicating a reduction in fracture permeability and an enhancement in fluid non-homogeneity. Furthermore, as confining pressure rose, the micro-projections interlocking the fracture surfaces underwent continuous breakage during slip, generating abundant rock debris. This debris accumulation subsequently caused a decrease in both the fractal dimension and roughness of the fracture surface. The research findings provide valuable insights for predicting and controlling fault slips and potential seismic activities induced by water injection during shale gas extraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108061"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismically-induced failure mechanisms in massive rock slopes 块状岩质边坡地震诱发破坏机制研究

IF 6.9 1区工程技术

Engineering Geology Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108046

Lorne Arnold , Joseph Wartman , Mary MacLaughlin

{"title":"Seismically-induced failure mechanisms in massive rock slopes","authors":"Lorne Arnold , Joseph Wartman , Mary MacLaughlin","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a study of seismically-induced failure of massive steep rock slopes. A dynamic implementation of the bonded particle model (BPM) for rock is used to simulate the dynamic response and initiation of fracture in the slopes. Observation of forces that develop within the model in response to wave transmission and dynamic excitation provides insight into the fundamental mechanisms at work in seismically induced rock slope failure. Five distinct mechanisms of failure initiation are identified using non-destructive simulations and confirmed with destructive simulations. Three distinct modes of rock mass movement enabled by the failure mechanisms are identified. The predominant co-seismic failure mode was a shallow, highly-disrupted cliff collapse. Cliff collapse is initiated by relatively low levels of shaking. Shallow failures are also triggered at higher levels of shaking prior to the initiation of deeper, more coherent failures in the same seismic event. The results of the numerical study agree with qualitative historical surveys of seismically-induced rock slope failure trends and provide insight into the mechanisms behind observed co-seismic rock slope behavior. The frequently observed shallow failures are triggered by high compression stresses near the cliff toe combined with shallow subhorizontal ruptures behind the cliff face. These mechanisms are not well-captured by simplified analysis methods which may lead to underprediction of shallow co-seismic events. Deeper failure surfaces from stronger shaking create a base-isolation effect, slowing further disruption in the failure mass. Slope dynamic response and damage accumulation were shown to be interdependent and complex, emphasizing the importance of further research into the interaction between rock mass strength, slope geometry, structure, and ground motion characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 108046"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0