Engineering Geology最新文献

{"title":"Optimization study on separate-layer fracturing of a coal–rock composite based on inter-fracture interference effect","authors":"Aitao Zhou ,&nbsp;Yizheng He ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Yuexin Yang ,&nbsp;Yida Wang ,&nbsp;Yifu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimization measures that can improve the effectiveness of fracturing coal–rock composites through separate-layer fracturing under the effect of inter-fracture interference are required. In this context, a reservoir–fracture interference extension model was established for coal–rock composites based on the extended finite element method by embedding cohesive units. Hydraulic fracturing simulations were conducted under different geo-stresses and fracturing sequences, and a comprehensive assessment of the fracturing effect was provided. The results showed that the high pore stress on both sides of the first fracture can induce the expansion of secondary fractures toward the interface with a greater degree of deflection. The difficulty of fracture initiation in the rock formation increased in secondary fracturing, the fracture initiation pressure decreased in the coal seam during secondary fracturing. An appropriate reduction in the fracture spacing can enhance the inter-fracture interference effect and thus enrich the morphology of the hydraulic fracture network. In the separate-layer fracturing of coal composite reservoirs, the synergistic effect of interlayer physical differences and inter-fracture interference effect can be utilized to fracture the rock formation after fracturing the coal seam; this induces the rock fractures to be captured by structurally weak surfaces. Repeated fracturing of the coal seam and utilization of the rupture expansion effect of the rock roof to form long-term stable fractures can be useful for further strengthening the transformation effect of the coal seam. This study can provide some theoretical support for the stratified co-mining of coalbed methane in deep coal reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107930"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of initial particle deposition in collapse dynamics and deposition morphology of submarine granular flows using CFD-DEM coupling method","authors":"Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Tan ,&nbsp;Yandong Bi ,&nbsp;Shu Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian Pu ,&nbsp;Zhen Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Submarine landslides represent a significant marine geohazard, making it essential to understand their underlying dynamics. Initial deposition plays a crucial role in determining the flow behavior and ultimate runout distance of submarine granular materials. Despite the importance of particle interactions, especially considering the wide range of particle sizes involved, their impact on submarine landslide dynamics has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we employ a three-dimensional coupled CFD-DEM method to simulate the collapse of granular columns under varying initial deposition conditions, aiming to uncover the dynamic characteristics of submarine landslides at the particle scale. Our findings reveal that initial depositions with a higher concentration of larger particles at the top lead to their upward migration toward the upper and frontal regions of the flow, while smaller particles tend to settle at the base. This enhances the overall mobility of the landslide. Notably, initial depositions with larger aspect ratios result in greater particle segregation and more efficient conversion of initial potential energy into vertical kinetic energy. This segregation extends the range of kinetic energy variation, reduces energy dissipation through horizontal velocity, and ultimately increases the runout distance. Moreover, the presence of an ambient fluid significantly prolongs the duration of movement compared to dry cases, although it results in a shorter final runout distance. These insights provide a deeper understanding of the mechanics governing submarine landslides and highlight the critical role of initial deposition conditions in shaping their behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107940"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of geological and seismic microtremors models of a large translational landslide: The case of San Vito Romano (Central Italy)","authors":"Francesco Seitone ,&nbsp;Andrea Vergnano ,&nbsp;Cesare Comina ,&nbsp;Mauro Bonasera ,&nbsp;Giandomenico Fubelli","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the San Vito Romano landslide, a significant but poorly documented gravitational phenomenon in central Italy. The local geological setting is characterized by siliciclastic rock units forming a monocline parallel to the slope, dipping 15–20° eastward. For the first time, a detailed geological model of the landslide was developed by integrating extensive geological-technical inventory data with specific geomorphological field mapping. To further analyze the landslide's dynamics and scale, seismic microtremor measurements were conducted and interpreted using the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method. To streamline the HVSR data analysis, a semi-automatic visualization tool was developed in the R environment and released as open-source. The integrated interpretation of geophysical and geological models revealed a landslide area of approximately 0.5 km², significantly larger than previously estimated, with a maximum thickness of about 48 m and a total volume of approximately 1 × 10⁷ m³. The primary failure mechanism is identified as a translational rock slide, a common process in sedimentary basins with cuesta morphologies. This research provides the first comprehensive assessment of the San Vito Romano landslide and demonstrates the utility of the HVSR technique in complex geological contexts. It also highlights strategies for integrating geophysical microtremor-based models with geological interpretations, offering insights for future landslide investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107934"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A general solution for groundwater flow around deep excavations based on non–dimensionalization techniques","authors":"Iván Alhama ,&nbsp;Salvador Navarro Carrasco ,&nbsp;José Antonio Jiménez-Valera ,&nbsp;Teresa M. Bodas Freitas ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel García Guerrero","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of excavations, the seepage flow rate under retaining earth structures can be pre-quantified using numerical methods, analytical solutions, flow networks, or sets of abacuses. The type curves existing in the literature generally examine 2D scenarios of isotropic hydraulic conductivity in which the horizontal extension of the domain is infinite. Employing the protocol of discriminated non-dimensionalization of the governing equations and boundary conditions, the dimensionless groups that govern the solution to seepage in anisotropic scenarios can be derived. This solution is established through an unknown functional dependence by applying the pi theorem. Three scenarios are studied here: i) a finite horizontal extension of the domain, ii) a finite vertical extension of the domain, and iii) a finite domain size in the vertical and horizontal directions. Numerical simulations are used to verify the results, and new type curves are presented for a wide range of values of the deduced groups. A case study consisting of a 400 m-long excavated trench in a free aquifer is presented to illustrate and validate this study by comparing the pumping rate applied during construction with that calculated using the type curves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107938"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation mechanism and characteristics of longitudinal cracking on embankment with TPCTs in permafrost regions of the QTP","authors":"Qinguo Ma ,&nbsp;Yuanming Lai ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Luo ,&nbsp;Haiyong Chen ,&nbsp;Peifeng He ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to high cooling efficiency without external cooling requirement, two-phase closed thermosyphons (TPCTs) play a certain role in maintaining the stability of embankment in permafrost regions of the QTP. However, pavement disease still exists in the embankments with TPCTs along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH). We aimed to summarize the type, position and characteristics of pavement disease, and determine the cause, emergence time, and spatiotemporal evolution of longitudinal cracking. This paper involves an on-site investigation, geological radar detection and multi-physics coupling numerical simulation on the pavement disease of embankments with TPCTs along the QTH. The results show that differential settlement and longitudinal cracking are main pavement disease for embankment with vertical TPCTs (VTPCTs), while longitudinal cracking is the main form for embankment with inclined TPCTs (ITPCTs). Longitudinal cracking in embankment with ITPCTs is more developed than the embankment with VTPCTs. Longitudinal cracking at the pavement is attributed to the combination of ground temperature and soil water distributions, and the inflection point for the deformation distribution is the potential position for longitudinal cracking. In embankment with ITPCTs, longitudinal cracking is initiated at the pavement bottom near sunny side center in the 4th service year and propagates at the sunny side. However, in embankment with VTPCTs, longitudinal cracking is initiated at pavement top surface near EC in the 7th service year and propagates at both sunny and shady sides taking EC as the axis of symmetry. This analysis can provide theoretical guidance for the maintenance of the QTH, and the design for the planned Qinghai-Tibet Expressway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107927"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on capturing bedding planes in laminated shale through advanced physics-informed image processing for multiscale geomechanical simulation","authors":"Gaobo Zhao ,&nbsp;Mindi Ruan ,&nbsp;Deniz Tuncay ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shale is characterized by its laminated and fissile nature, consisting of numerous thin layers that easily split along bedding planes. Traditional geomechanical simulations often simplify shale's complex structure by representing bedding planes as continuous and equidistant. While this approach is numerically efficient and useful for approximating general shale behavior, it limits our understanding of the shale's true mechanical response to mining-induced stress. This study proposes an advanced physics-informed image processing method to capture bedding planes across different orientations, scales, and shale types. The method includes five procedures: 1) projection transfer, where a 3D cylinder is projected onto a 2D image; 2) edge detection, where physics-informed edges are detected to obtain bedding plane pixels; 3) clustering, where bedding plane pixels are clustered to form bedding plane lines; 4) representation of bedding planes; and 5) feature extraction of bedding planes. Our method effectively captures bedding planes across different orientations (0°, 45°, and 90°), scales (interim bedding planes at the laboratory scale and ordinary bedding planes at the rock mass scale), and shale types (Opalinus shale, sandy shale, gray shale, black shale, and carbonaceous shale). The geometric information extracted from the bedding planes—including coordinates, number, spacing, length, and distribution characteristics—has been summarized into a comprehensive database for different shales at different scales. The results show that: at the laboratory scale, the captured interim bedding planes are neither continuous nor equidistant. Their lengths follow a log-normal distribution, with the mean length (LN) ranging from 1.227 to 1.823 and the standard deviation (LN) varying between 1.069 and 5.062. The fitting statistical parameters, including the mean and standard deviation of this distribution, have been summarized. At the rock mass scale, the ordinary bedding planes are continuous but not equidistant. Successful multiscale geomechanical simulations in UDEC and FLAC3D were conducted to model uniaxial compression tests at the laboratory scale and shale roof failure at the entry scale, calibrated using laboratory and field observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107929"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hybrid hydraulic fracturing phase-field model for porous media","authors":"Feng Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongxiang Tang ,&nbsp;Degao Zou ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel 2D hybrid hydraulic fracturing phase-field model for simulating the complex fracturing processes in porous media. By coupling Reynolds flow with the cubic law in fractures and Darcy's flow in the low-permeability surrounding reservoir, the fracture-reservoir fluid governing equations are established. To simulate hydraulic fractures, an energy functional for fluid-driven fracture propagation in porous media was developed within a hybrid framework. The proposed functional is based on the interactions between the fluid, fractures, and the surrounding matrix, addressing key issues, such as nonphysical fractures under compression and fracture healing, while maintaining displacement field linearity. Additionally, the proposed functional considers not only the effect of pore water outside the fractures but also the work done by the injection fluid on the internal fracture walls. The fracture width, stress degradation function, fluid leak-off, and strain energy are critical links in hydromechanical–fracture coupling. The above coupled model was discretized using isogeometric analysis and iteratively solved with a staggered scheme. Six 2D examples were used to evaluate the model's validity, computational capability, and hydraulic fracturing behaviour. The results showed that the proposed model can reasonably capture the highly nonlinear hydraulic fracturing process in shale reservoirs, including matrix deformation, fracture propagation, injection fluid flow inside fractures, pore water seepage outside fractures, and fluid leak-off.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107932"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary characteristics and correlations between deformation energy and strain in anthracite coal during stress wave-induced catastrophes","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Tingjiang Tan ,&nbsp;Enyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yubing Liu ,&nbsp;Dong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the deformation evolution process, as well as the energy storage and transformation behavior of coal under the influence of stress waves, is essential to promote technological progress and safety improvement in mining, underground engineering, and energy utilization. With the SHPB system, dynamic impact tests were conducted on anthracite coal under varying impact loads in this study. The deformation parameter characteristics of anthracite coal were examined regarding the storage and transformation patterns of deformation energy. Further analysis was performed on the attenuation laws of stress waves in the time and frequency domains. Besides, the correlation characteristics of strain and deformation energy in the stress wave disaster-causing mechanism were investigated, revealing that maximum and residual strain exhibited a notable linear relationship with impact load, with growth rates of 0.209 % and 0.212 %, respectively. Parameters <em>ε</em>_b and <em>ε</em>_h followed a down-concave exponential growth pattern and an up-concave exponential decrease pattern, respectively. <em>W</em>_d and <em>W</em>_s presented a notable linear strain rate effect, with growth rates of 2.44 and 2.30, respectively, and a significant linear energy effect, with growth rates of 0.46 and 0.44, respectively. <em>W</em>_b and <em>W</em>_h demonstrated a down-concave exponential growth pattern and an up-concave exponential decrease. The reflection and transmission effects of the stress wave in the time domain displayed clear linear growth and attenuation trends with the impact load, characterized by a growth rate of 0.020 and an attenuation rate of 0.015, respectively. Furthermore, an approximate linear increase appeared on the spectrum amplitudes of the incident, reflection, and transmission waves, with growth rates of 0.035, 0.032, and 0.0074, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107931"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquefaction hazard mapping in DMDP area of Bangladesh: A comprehensive assessment using SCPT data and multiple severity indices","authors":"Md. Hossain Safayet,&nbsp;Ashna Tasnim,&nbsp;Mehedi A. Ansary","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Only a small number of studies in the past have used a substantial amount of data to assess the liquefaction risk in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Dhaka falls within a moderate seismic zone. Due to the extensive number of development projects in this area, it has become crucial to identify high-risk regions with good precision. This study is an attempt to develop a liquefaction potential map for the Dhaka Metropolitan Development Plan (DMDP), having an area of 1530 sq. km based on an ample number of SCPT data using BI-14 triggering methodology and three severity indices (LPI, LPI_ISH, LSN). Micro-zoned PGA value of a 475-year return period, combining soil type and deposit, has been used to analyze a 400 SCPT dataset by Horizon software, recently developed by Geyin and Maurer. This study has produced four maps based on the LPI, LPI_ISH, LSN indices and a combination of LPI and LPI_ISH to evaluate the seismic risk intensity across the DMDP area. Depending on cumulative frequency curves, a zonation-based analysis has been developed using two dominant soil deposits to enhance the applicability of the result. For Zone 1 (Floodplain Deposit), 79 %, 68 %, 63 % and 77 % of the area have been marked as susceptible to liquefaction by LPI, LPI_ISH, LSN and combined index respectively. In Zone 2 (Madhupur Clay Deposit), assessments indicated that 65 %, 36 %, 38 % and 55 % of the area are prone to liquefaction susceptibility. This study has anticipated to provide policymakers with valuable insights regarding urban planning, development, expansion, implementation of safety measures, and production of risk management plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107928"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on swelling and gas breakthrough properties of GMZ bentonite considering alkaline solution effects","authors":"Lin-Yong Cui ,&nbsp;Wei-Min Ye ,&nbsp;Qiong Wang ,&nbsp;Yong-Gui Chen ,&nbsp;Bao Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Jun Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.107933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The degradation of concrete elements during the construction and operation of a repository can produce hyperalkaline groundwater, which may compromise the mechanical integrity and gas tightness of the engineering barrier system. Most of the previous studies focused on influences of the alkaline solutions on swelling and permeability characteristics of bentonite, but failed to address the gas migration behaviors in the bentonite specimen. In this study, a series of NaOH solutions (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 M) injection and subsequent gas injection/breakthrough experiments were carried out on the compacted bentonite specimens with 1.7 g/cm³ dry density. During the test, swelling pressure, saturated permeability, gas breakthrough pressure and effective gas permeability were recorded. After the gas injection test, the bentonite specimen was submitted for the mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests to analyze microstructural and morphological changes of the specimen. Results show that, during the solution infiltration test, the axial pressure became gradually stabilized when a constant or steady-state flow condition was reached. With the increase of NaOH solution concentrations, the swelling pressure decreased while the saturated permeability increased. Before occurrence of the gas breakthrough, the effective gas permeabilities are in an order of magnitude varying between 10⁻²⁴ and 10⁻²² m², and show an increasing trend as NaOH solution concentrations increased. Montmorillonite minerals dissolution leads to a decrease of the strongly adsorbed water on the surface of clay minerals and a decrease of the swelling pressure. Consequently, gas can easily move in the bentonite specimen by capillary displacement or formation of the dilatant pathways at a lower injection pressure, eventually threatening the long-term safety and performance efficiency of a deep geological repository.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 107933"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}