Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Multiple environmental factors interact to affect wet grassland ecosystem functions","authors":"Keith R. Edwards ,&nbsp;Eva Kaštovská ,&nbsp;Jiří Bárta ,&nbsp;Tomáš Picek ,&nbsp;Hana Šantrůčková","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wet grasslands are highly productive wetland ecosystems that provide many important ecosystem services, including nutrient removal for water purification, carbon (C) sequestration, local climate regulation, water retention, and flood attenuation. Like other ecosystems, wet grasslands are affected by multiple biotic and abiotic factors, the interactions of which may affect their functionality. We conducted a fully factorial mesocosm experiment to disentangle the importance of soil type (mineral or organic), water (high vs low) and nutrient level (NPK fertilized or unfertilized) effects on plant and soil parameters and how these affect ecosystem respiration (R_ECO) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the fifth year of the experiment, we measured plant biomass and production, soil biological and chemical parameters, and GHG fluxes four times during the year, once before the start of the growing season and then in the beginning, peak and end of the growing season. We found that plant, soil and GHG parameters showed distinct seasonality and were influenced by all tested factors, both singly and interactively, affecting many aspects of wet grassland ecosystems by acting through several plant-soil feedbacks. Soil type, both primarily and in several interactions with water and nutrient levels, controlled soil properties, microbial biomass, and bacterial and fungal abundances. Plant presence, the productivity of which was stimulated by nutrient addition, together with some plant-soil feedbacks, were the main drivers of R_ECO and GHG emissions (relevant only for CH₄ because N₂O was not emitted in any sampling occasion). As a result, CO₂ and CH₄ emissions were 12 and 3 times greater, respectively, in vegetated compared to un-vegetated samples. In addition, water level and nutrient addition interactions influenced gas emissions, with CO₂ emissions being greater in low water, fertilized conditions, while CH₄ emissions increased under high water, unfertilized conditions. When correcting for the greater global warming potential (GWP) of CH_4, it still accounted for only a maximum of 18 % of the GHG fluxes. We showed that multiple environmental factors interact to impact wet grassland functions. Managers should focus their activities on managing the factors that most allow for wet grasslands to maintain their structure and functions to future disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-based fish habitat enrichment of non-damming beaver structures positively affects fish species richness and density","authors":"Joachim Pander,&nbsp;Janette Otterbein,&nbsp;Christoffer Nagel,&nbsp;Juergen Geist","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The return of beavers to the strongly structurally altered Central European stream systems results in a variety of conflicts, potentials and opportunities. Among monetary compensation issues for landowners, target species conflicts with fish conservation remain unresolved. This work investigated the impact of beaver structures of the Eurasian beaver (<em>Castor fiber</em> L.) on the fish community of a Bavarian stream system to quantify potential ecosystem services provided by the ecosystem engineering activities of beaver. In addition to beaver structures, artificial structures, constructed from bank clearcuttings, were introduced for comparison. Electrofishing and abiotic measurements were carried out to quantify the effects of the morphological and functional beaver structures on the fish community. In addition, structural characteristics, such as building material and volume, were characterized. Individual fish densities and species diversity were significantly higher in the beaver structures compared to both the reference reaches and the artificial structures. Species such as European chub (<em>Squalius cephalus</em> L.), common dace (<em>Leuciscus leuciscus</em> L.), European spirlin (<em>Alburnoides bipunctatus</em> Bloch 1782), and common nase (<em>Chondrostoma nasus</em> L.) benefited most from the beaver structures, particularly smaller size classes &lt;15 cm. Artificial structures had a lower number of species and individuals. They not only differed from the beaver structures in their general fish communities, but particularly in the presence of target species of conservation and fish sizes. In addition to the already well-documented effects of beaver dams, our findings contribute important knowledge to the ecosystem engineering capabilities of the Eurasian beaver. Since the beneficial fish habitat effects of the beaver structures was mostly related to construction material, positioning, total and pore volume as well as flow velocity, these identified properties can also be used to guide future efforts of nature-based structural enrichment of stream habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Avian communities respond to plant and landscape composition in actively revegetated floodplains of the Colorado River delta in Mexico” [Ecological Engineering 205 (2024) 107266].","authors":"Eduardo González-Sargas ,&nbsp;Martha Gómez-Sapiens ,&nbsp;Osvel Hinojosa-Huerta ,&nbsp;Stefanny Villagomez-Palma ,&nbsp;Alejandra Calvo-Fonseca ,&nbsp;Joanna Grand ,&nbsp;Timothy D. Meehan ,&nbsp;Chris Dodge ,&nbsp;Pamela L. Nagler ,&nbsp;Carlos Restrepo-Giraldo ,&nbsp;Carlos Nieblas ,&nbsp;Angela Meléndez ,&nbsp;Roberto Real Rangel ,&nbsp;Patrick B. Shafroth","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a felt based living wall with greywater irrigation using different indoor ornamental species","authors":"Víctor M. Fernández-Cabanás ,&nbsp;Gina Patricia Suárez-Cáceres ,&nbsp;Rafael Fernández-Cañero ,&nbsp;Sabina Rossini-Oliva ,&nbsp;Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertical greening systems are becoming popular nature-based solutions for including vegetation in the built environment. However, one of the main concerns regards to their water requirements. The use of greywater for their irrigation can be a solution. While several studies have proven that using living walls as a biofilter can improve the quality of the greywater applied for their irrigation, the effects on the vegetation of continuous irrigation with greywater are still unknown. The main objective of this work is the assessment of the vegetation performance using different plant species in indoor living walls exclusively irrigated with greywater. For that, three species (<em>Philodendron hederaceum</em>, <em>Spathiphyllum wallisii</em> and <em>Nephrolepis exaltata</em>) planted on felt-based living wall modules were tested for 30 weeks. Information regarding the main water quality parameters (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), concentration of major cation and anions, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand for an incubation period of 5 days (BOD₅) were obtained and the development of the vegetation was monitored. The three species adapted well to the continuous irrigation with greywater, though <em>S. wallisii</em> showed a slight decrease in green cover at the end of the study. As the greywater was recirculated, EC increased with time, but no clear effects on growth and appearance were observed in the plants. This suggests the need of periodically replacing the greywater used for irrigation or including irrigation events with freshwater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal characteristics of human activity and land use on ecosystem service functions in mountainous areas of Northeast Guizhou, Southwest China","authors":"Quan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuepiao Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization, intense land utilization in mountainous areas has led to ecological and environmental issues, and also causing a gradual degradation of ecosystem services. Investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics of human activities and land use on ecosystem services in mountainous areas holds significant practical importance for local ecological conservation and land management. This study utilizes human activity and land use models to evaluate the complex relationship between humans and land in the northeastern Guizhou, employs the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) models to conduct an in-depth investigation into the spatiotemporal distribution of soil conservation (SC), water yield (WY), carbon sequestration (CS), habitat quality (HQ), and landscape aesthetics (LA). Besides, we utilized the Pearson correlation coefficient and spatial bivariate models to scrutinize the spatial heterogeneity and interactions among these ecosystem services. The results revealed a significant escalation in the intensity of human activity and land use within the study area, with values rising from 0.483 and 316 in 2000 to 0.695 and 351 in 2020, respectively. For 2000–2020, the added value of SC and WY experienced a change of 1.179 t‧hm⁻² and 118.503 mm respectively, while the CS, HQ, and LA have largely remained stable. The spatial distribution of ecosystem service functions exhibited distinct patterns of trade-offs and synergies. The ecosystem's multifunctional benefits were predominantly concentrated in the northern sector of the study area, with the maximum migration distance of class IV hotspots recorded at 70.431 km. Over time, the impact of human activities and land use on ecosystem services has been escalating. Studying the interactions between human activities and land use and their impact on ecosystem services can help us to develop land development policies and ecological management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of soil arthropod communities and soil health in ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests after soil bioengineering remediation in the riparian zone of the Ili River Valley evaluation","authors":"Zhicheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Dong Cui ,&nbsp;Yancheng Yang ,&nbsp;Wenxin Liu ,&nbsp;Zununjan Zinhar ,&nbsp;Jiangchao Yan ,&nbsp;Jianghui Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Cao ,&nbsp;Minru Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiaoli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the impact of riparian soil bioengineering restoration on the soil ecological environment, this study used soil arthropods as bioindicators to assess and monitor the restoration effects in the ‘Shushanggan’ apricot orchard. The aim was to explore and develop long-term, sustainable restoration strategies to ensure the stability of soil quality., this study focused on the ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests located in the Guozigou River, a tributary of the Ili River in Huocheng County, Yili Prefecture. The restoration sites with different durations of 4, 8, 10, and 14 years were selected, while the surrounding uncultivated land served as the control. The soil arthropods were separated using a dry-funnel extraction method, and the community characteristics of soil arthropods were investigated, employing the soil biological quality (QBS-ar) index for soil health assessment. The results revealed that in both spring and summer, the total number of soil arthropods was highest in the 14-year-old ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests, while the highest number of species was observed in the 4-year-old forests. The similarity coefficient of soil arthropod communities between the uncultivated land and ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests indicated extreme dissimilarity during spring and ranged from extremely dissimilar to moderately similar during summer, displaying a substantial disparity between the two seasons. The QBS-ar index of soil arthropods was highest in the 14-year-old ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests, indicating better soil health in the surface soil compared to the deeper layers. These findings demonstrate that soil biotechnology has improved the soil ecological environment in riverbanks, resulting in significant changes in the community structure of soil arthropods. It has also contributed to an increase in soil arthropod diversity and improved soil health. Thus, this study provides scientific evidence for soil biotechnology restoration in the Ili River Valley, management of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot forests, and soil ecological conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of grass covers for dikes to coastal stressors during establishment phase","authors":"Jochen Michalzik,&nbsp;Maike Paul,&nbsp;Torsten Schlurmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass covers on dikes are subjected to a multitude of controlled and uncontrolled environmental stressors that can affect its vegetation development. Controlled stresses are applied during dike maintenance (e.g. mowing) to establish high coverage and a dense root system. Uncontrollable stresses during storm surges (e.g. flooding and wave loading) are likely to disturb this development. This species composition-based study analyses stress responses and their consequences for the ecological enhancement of grass covers in terms of dike safety. The responses of four different grass covers with increasing species numbers were investigated under three controlled experimental conditions, mimicking North Sea storm surge season in an outdoor wave-basin. We found significant differences in vegetation development indicating a shift of biomass from roots to shoots in response to flood stress. Resulting losses in the grass cover resistance were only minor for all grass covers. When additional wave stress was introduced no significant differences in root biomass were observed compared to the control group without flood or wave stress. The more herb and legume dominated grass covers seem to provide less erosion resistance for dike safety than the grass-dominated ones, as they develop the desired coverage slower and tend to have a lower shear strength. In conclusion, ecological enhancement by moderately increasing the number of species in the grass cover is possible without affecting dike safety. Evidence of disturbance in vegetation development highlight that thresholds and indicators for the early detection of stress responses need to be further investigated regarding the predicted intensification of uncontrolled environmental stressors. It is emphasised that long-term studies and adaptive monitoring are required to avoid unforeseen consequences by overloading the ability of grass covers to cope with and recover from coastal stressors and to find the optimal combination of ecological enhancement and dike safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum compounds as a management tool for Eutrophic Lakes: State of the art","authors":"G. Pinotti ,&nbsp;L. Gaucher ,&nbsp;V. Fleitas ,&nbsp;L. Boccardi ,&nbsp;G. Goyenola","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical applications in eutrophic lakes, known as geoengineering interventions, have been utilized for decades. This review provides an overview of the applications of aluminum compounds for lake rehabilitation based on numerous case studies obtained through a systematic search methodology. The results reviewed indicate that, given appropriate doses, aluminum compounds have generally proven effective in reducing the internal phosphorus load and preventing cyanobacterial blooms. However, it is important to acknowledge certain limitations and cases where undesired effects have been detected (such as acidification and fish mortality), emphasizing the need to design off the applications carefully. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is preferred mainly due to its higher pH buffering capacity, flocculation efficiency, and avoidance of sulfate addition and interference in sulfur cycles. Dose calculation should be based on the internal load criterion, with limitations on the amount dosed in each application. Direct application in the water column is the most reported methodology and has shown logistic advantages. Climate and weather knowledge are relevant for defining timing. However, varied treatment efficiencies have been reported, so it is necessary to conduct comprehensive pre-application experiments. It is also recommended to include mesocosm-scale testing as a preliminary stage before applying treatments to the entire lake. The review also discusses the effects on water characteristics, the factors that affect the efficacy and longevity of applications, and the use of aluminum compounds in combination with other substances for ballasting or capping purposes. Furthermore, the interaction of such treatments with biota is also considered. We conclude that the intervention strategy should consider the systemic and functional perspective, as well as each lake's characteristics. The lake-specific nature of aluminum treatments underscores the importance of characterizing individual lakes before designing applications or extrapolating results to other systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multidimensional influences of environmental factors on carbon storage: Evidence from Zagros Forests of Iran","authors":"Maziar Haidari ,&nbsp;Yaghoub Iranmanesh ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Jaafari ,&nbsp;Mehdi Pourhashemi ,&nbsp;Jalal Henarah ,&nbsp;Farhad Jahanpour ,&nbsp;Arash Derikvandi ,&nbsp;Behrouz Fani","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective carbon storage in forests is crucial for mitigating climate change by capturing and holding carbon dioxide, aligning with the broader goals of ecosystem restoration and carbon neutrality central to Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Different forests have varying carbon storage capacities based on their unique characteristics and a range of multidimensional influences from environmental factors, necessitating region-specific management strategies. In this study, we explored the multidimensional influences on carbon storage among forests distributed across three provinces in the Zagros Forests of Iran: West Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, and Lorestan. Data from 10 monitoring sites revealed significant variations in carbon storage between above-ground and below-ground components across the provinces. West Azerbaijan exhibited the highest overall carbon storage, while Lorestan and Kurdistan showed distinct patterns in specific carbon storage components. Organic carbon, total nitrogen, relative humidity, and precipitation emerged as the strongest positive influencers of carbon storage, whereas factors such as gravel content, temperature, and evaporation had negative impacts. Overall, our results suggested that the carbon storage capacity of a region is closely tied to the characteristics of a province, which is a critical consideration for NbS. Interestingly, provinces with higher density and larger trees were found to have superior carbon storage, underscoring the importance of targeted conservation efforts. These results align with the principles of NbS by highlighting the need for region-specific forest management and carbon sequestration strategies to maximize carbon storage and support ecosystem restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field-scale artificial floating islands reduces cyanotoxin from residential raw sewage treatment basin","authors":"Zhaozhe Chen ,&nbsp;Jiyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Molly Mills ,&nbsp;Abigail Volk ,&nbsp;Ozeas S. Costa Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microcystin (MC) is the most prevalent and persistent cyanotoxin associated with freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs), posing substantial health risks to both humans and aquatic ecosystems. Artificial floating islands (AFIs) offer a promising solution to MC reduction. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a field-scale AFI system in reducing MC concentrations, using two native aquatic plants, <em>Carex comosa</em> (bristly sedge) and <em>Eleocharis obtusa</em> (blunt spike-rush), installed in the equalization basin of a wastewater treatment plant for the preliminary treatment of residential raw sewage. Over a three-month period during late summer and fall, we monitored MC concentrations, physico-chemical parameters, nutrient levels, and plant biomass. The results showed that the AFI system achieved up to a 77.9 % reduction in MC during peak plant growth. Additionally, the relative abundance of cyanobacteria decreased from 27.7 % to 4.5 % following AFI treatment during this period. We identified precipitation as a key factor influencing MC reduction rates in natural settings (<em>r</em> = − 0.56, <em>p-value</em> = 0.06 between accumulated precipitation and reduction in MC concentrations). Despite the presence of MC, plant growth and MC reduction were not significantly hindered by MC toxicity (<em>r</em> = 0.01, <em>p</em>-value = 0.99). While temperature and nutrient concentrations did not directly affect MC reduction rates, they did influence plant biomass production, which in turn impacted AFI performance. <em>C. comosa</em> exhibited greater potential for MC reduction compared to <em>E. obtusa</em>, due to its faster growth and higher biomass production. This study is the first investigation of field-scale AFIs targeting MC as the primary pollutant, emphasizing their feasibility as a sustainable and effective strategy for managing cyanotoxin during HABs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 107543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}