Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Crushing energy-based indicators of dry soil aggregate stability from contrastive land management practices in a semi-arid agroecosystem","authors":"Huawei Pi ,&nbsp;Chuanzhou Wang ,&nbsp;Sifeng Li ,&nbsp;Sisi Li ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Webb","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry soil aggregate stability (DAS) is a critical indicator of soil quality and a significant factor influencing soil wind erosion in arid and semi-arid agroecosystems. Previous research primarily used aggregate size distribution, determined through “dry sieving,” to describe DAS. However, the standardization of “dry sieving” has faced criticism, and the resultant DAS based on particle size distribution (DAS_%) does not effectively reflect the aggregate's resistance to abrasion. To address this issue, we aimed to develop a novel quantitative analysis method and indicator based on aggregate crushing energy (DAS_Jkg⁻¹) and validate this procedure by comparing it with DAS_% and aggregate Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD). We selected 58 research sites with varying land management practices (e.g., crop rotation, tillage, and irrigation) in the lower FloodPlain of the Yellow River (FPYR) to quantitatively evaluate the wind stability of farmland aggregates. Our findings show a significant exponential increase in DAS_Jkg⁻¹ (0.2121<span><math><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mn>0.0451</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>) corresponding to increasing DAS_% (x) for aggregates that remained relatively stable (&gt; 61 %). Conversely, a weak correlation was observed between the GMD of aggregates (x) and DAS_Jkg⁻¹. Our results suggest that DAS_% can be used to assess the abrasion flux of aggregates under certain conditions by converting it to DAS_Jkg⁻¹. Additionally, crop rotation and irrigation had a substantial impact on DAS_Jkg⁻¹, with flood-affected plots exhibiting a significantly higher DAS_Jkg⁻¹ (86 %) than that exhibited by non-flooded plots. These findings provide valuable insights into improving soil management practices to mitigate wind erosion and for the restoration ecology of degraded farmland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of native tree species for forest restoration in the Central Congo Basin","authors":"Brice Yannick Djiofack ,&nbsp;Nils Bourland ,&nbsp;Hans Beeckman ,&nbsp;Paolo Omar Cerutti ,&nbsp;Collins Dzernyuy Fai ,&nbsp;Martin Van Hulle ,&nbsp;Mathilde Pierson ,&nbsp;Jules Mayaux ,&nbsp;Nestor Kashikija Luambua ,&nbsp;Donatien Musepena ,&nbsp;Basile Luse Belanganayi ,&nbsp;Félix Laurent ,&nbsp;Bhely Angoboy Ilondea ,&nbsp;Jan Van den Bulcke ,&nbsp;Wannes Hubau","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decades of deforestation and unsustainable land use have created extensive areas of degraded and deforested land across the central Congo Basin, contributing substantially to climate change and biodiversity loss. Recently, nature-based solutions have gained increasing interest, particularly those focusing on forest restoration for long-term carbon sequestration and additional societal benefits for human well-being. Thus, forest restoration, especially with native species, offers a viable pathway to address environmental and social challenges while supporting local communities. However, both technical and scientific knowledge about many native species' performance in large-scale plantations, which could serve the current and future needs of central African countries, is currently lacking. To address these knowledge gaps, we established an experimental plantation in Yangambi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, to evaluate the potential of native tree species in comparison with the fast-growing exotic species <em>Acacia auriculiformis,</em> which is often planted in monoculture at a large-scale in the central Congo Basin. From 37 promising native species initially selected, the seeds of 19 were successfully harvested from the natural forest. Among these, 16 species yielded sufficient seedlings in the nursery and were planted in the field. After five years, five native species (<em>Pachyelasma tessmannii, Piptadeniastrum africanum, Irvingia smithii, Ongokea gore,</em> and <em>Canarium schweinfurthii</em>) demonstrated growth, survival, and carbon sequestration performance comparable to <em>Acacia auriculiformis</em>. This illustrates that local tree species are promising alternatives for exotic species. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to optimize the large-scale production of native seedlings, including improving seed conservation and nursery techniques. Drawing on the ongoing forest restoration initiatives in Yangambi, we emphasize the importance of integrating local knowledge and actively involving local communities to ensure the successful implementation and long-term sustainability of tree-planting efforts, benefiting both nature and human well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in soil properties and plant community following twelve years of fencing in a typical oasis–desert ecotone","authors":"Gou Qian-qian ,&nbsp;Zhao Wen-jia ,&nbsp;Zhang Yan ,&nbsp;Wang Guo-hua","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Livestock grazing is the main cause of vegetation degradation and soil erosion in arid oasis–desert ecotones. Fencing has become the most important measure to promote the recovery of species diversity and plant community stabilization. In this study, we analyzed the changes in soil physical–chemical properties and plant diversity, niche width and overlap, inter-species associations, and community stability in a typical desert oasis ecotone of the Hexi Corridor in Northwest China following 12 years of continuous fencing. Available nutrients, particularly available nitrogen, increased significantly over the fencing period. However, no significant changes were observed in soil organic matter or total nitrogen. In the shrub layer, the dominant species shifted from <em>Nitraria sphaerocarpa</em> to a combination of <em>Nitraria sphaerocarpa</em> and <em>Reaumuria songarica</em> and then <em>Reaumuria songarica</em>. This shift was likely driven by greater nitrogen availability. In the herbaceous layer, the dominant species changed from <em>Zygophyllum mucronatum</em> and <em>Suaeda glauca</em> in the early stage (2–4 years) to <em>Artemisia scoparia</em> in the middle stage (5–8 years), and to <em>Eragrostis minor</em> in the late stage (9–10 years). The community diversity showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with 12 years of fencing. The niche overlap value for <em>Reaumuria songarica</em> was significantly higher than <em>Nitraria sphaerocarpa</em> from the sixth year. <em>Reaumuria songarica</em> became the keystone species after 12 years of fencing, and the recovery of <em>Reaumuria songarica</em> increased negative interspecific associations. These findings suggest that after 12 years of fencing, the soil and vegetation remain in a transitional phase, indicating that desert ecosystems require extended periods for full recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic study on the role of design and management factors in regulating nitrogen treatment performance in constructed wetlands","authors":"Yonghong Shu,&nbsp;Jiaer Wang,&nbsp;Bin Liao,&nbsp;Qian Yu,&nbsp;Bochao Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanlai Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) are increasingly recognized as an effective solution for nitrogen in agricultural drainage, with their performance influenced by design and management. However, the mechanisms by which these factors regulate nitrogen removal remain unclear. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial to promoting and applying SFCWs. In this study, field pilot-scale SFCWs were subjected to orthogonal tests to investigate the mechanistic influence of aspect ratios (the ratio of length to width) (2:1, 4:1, 8:1), plant species (<em>Typha latifolia</em>, <em>Juncus effusus</em>, <em>Vallisneria natans</em>), and hydraulic loading rates (HLR) (0.23, 0.45, 0.68 m d⁻¹) on nitrogen removal. The results showed that N₂ emission (21.4% ∼ 67.4%) was the primary pathway for total nitrogen (TN) removal, followed by plant uptake (0.9% ∼ 58.6%), sediment storage (8.8% ∼ 44.0%), periphyton assimilation (2.9% ∼ 7.8%), NH₃ volatilization (1.9% ∼ 6.4%), and N₂O emission (0.4% ∼ 1.1%). Aspect ratio and HLR had weak effects on nitrogen treatment performance and transformations. In contrast, plant species significantly affected TN removal, nitrate nitrogen (<span><math><msubsup><mi>NO</mi><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math></span>-N) removal, NH₃ volatilization, and N₂ emission. The highest reaction rates for TN removal, <span><math><msubsup><mi>NO</mi><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math></span>-N removal, and N₂ emission were observed under <em>Vallisneria</em>. However, NH₃ volatilization peaked under <em>Juncus</em>. Water pH and plant biomass could explain the impact of plant species on N₂ emission and NH₃ volatilization. Overall, plant species selection is more crucial than aspect ratio and HLR, with <em>Vallisneria</em> as the preferred plant species for efficient TN removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic carbon fractions response to ecological restoration: A global meta-analysis","authors":"Jiachen Pan ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Wu ,&nbsp;Sishi Zou ,&nbsp;Zexin Shen ,&nbsp;Qicong Wu ,&nbsp;Zhi Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic carbon (SOC) has a critical influence on soil productivity and degradation. Meanwhile, ecological restoration is essential to prevent carbon (C) losses and reverse land degradation. In this study, 1374 sets of experimental data from 63 peer-reviewed publications were synthesized to quantitatively elucidate the effects of different restoration measures on soil properties and SOC fractions. The results showed that ecological restoration significantly increased SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) by 37.48 %, 45.73 %, and 36.42 %, respectively. Interventional restoration measured the sequestered carbon in POC at a rate of 50.7 %, which was 17.1 % higher than that achieved through natural restoration. In the tropics, the effect of ecological restoration on MAOC was not significant. In addition, soil texture, soil depth, and restoration duration were important factors regulating the global SOC response to ecological restoration. In summary, the use of ecological restoration to achieve C recovery represents a site-specific application of both proactive and natural strategies. The meta-analysis advances our understanding of how SOC pools respond to various restoration measures and enhances the prediction of restoration outcomes under climate change scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring ecosystem service dynamics and drivers in the upper and middle Yellow River Basin under large-scale ecological restoration","authors":"Xue Li ,&nbsp;Kunxia Yu ,&nbsp;Guoce Xu ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Zhanbin Li ,&nbsp;Peng Shi ,&nbsp;Lu Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The upper and middle of the Yellow River Basin (UMYRB) are globally recognized as an ecologically fragile region due to severe soil erosion, arid climate, and frequent extreme weather events. Over the past two decades, large-scale ecological restoration measures have led to pronounced changes in ecosystem services (ES). However, there is a lack of systematic analysis addressing the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of multiple ecosystem services under the combined effects of ecological restoration projects and extreme climatic events. To fill this gap, this study employed the InVEST model, geographically weighted regression, and partial least squares structural equation modeling to comprehensively investigate the evolution of various ecosystem services in this basin and their key influencing factors. The results indicate that (1) in regions where vegetation recovery was particularly successful, water yield (WY) increased from 24 mm to 88 mm and soil conservation (SC) capacity was substantially enhanced; carbon storage (CS) rose by approximately 12 % in the humid southern area but remained stable in the arid northern region. (2) Precipitation, slope, vegetation cover, and land-use changes collectively shaped the spatial patterns of ecosystem services, with precipitation exhibiting the strongest explanatory power for WY, and slope together with vegetation recovery exerting notable impacts on SC. (3) In areas of vegetation recovery, multiple ecosystem services showed stronger synergy, whereas habitat quality (HQ) and CS exhibited significant trade-offs in regions experiencing agricultural expansion. (4) Extreme precipitation events markedly amplified the variability of WY, SC, and CS, accounting for 61.5 %, 57.8 %, and 27.4 % of their respective variances, while exerting relatively limited effects on HQ. These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which ecological restoration projects and extreme precipitation events jointly influence multiple ecosystem services, and provide scientific guidance for targeted ecological management and service optimization in UMYRB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of multi-electron donor autotrophic denitrification (MEDAD) substrate in constructed wetlands for treating low carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio wastewater: A feasible framework","authors":"Lin Zhao,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constructed wetlands (CWs) offer a sustainable solution for treating low carbon-to‑nitrogen (C/N) ratio wastewater, yet their nitrogen removal efficiency is often constrained by insufficient organic electron donors. This review systematically evaluates the mechanisms, efficacy, and challenges of autotrophic denitrification in CWs using inorganic electron donors, including sulfur-, iron-, hydrogen-, and manganese-based systems. Sulfur-based systems (e.g., S⁰, pyrite) achieve nitrate removal rates exceeding 90 % but risk sulfate accumulation and acidification, while iron-based substrates (e.g., siderite, steel slag) enhance simultaneous nitrogen (71 % TN removal) and phosphorus removal (93 % TP removal) via Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox reactions. Hydrogenotrophic denitrification exhibits high efficiency (&gt;97 % NO₃⁻-N removal) but faces practical hurdles in H₂ utilization. Crucially, multi-electron donor autotrophic denitrification (MEDAD) systems, integrating substrates like pyrite-steel slag composites, demonstrate synergistic benefits: TN and TP removal efficiencies improve by 40–54 % and 19 %, respectively, while stabilizing pH and mitigating phytotoxicity. The interplay between wetland vegetation and MEDAD substrates is highlighted, with root exudates (e.g., organic acids, sugars) potentially regulating microbial denitrification pathways. However, challenges persist, including byproduct management (e.g., sulfates, Fe (OH)₃ passivation), substrate longevity, and scalability. This study proposes a feasibility framework for MEDAD-CW integration, emphasizing substrate optimization, microbial community control, and system engineering. By addressing these factors, MEDAD-CWs can achieve efficient, stable treatment of low C/N ratio wastewater, advancing their application in eutrophication mitigation and water quality restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of long-term management measures on soil enzyme activity and microbial nutrient dynamics in an arid environment: A case study from the Southern Taklimakan Desert","authors":"Yi Du ,&nbsp;Yulin Zhang ,&nbsp;Waqar Islam ,&nbsp;Fanjiang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil enzyme activity is important for indicating soil microbial nutrient demand and limitation. Yet, our knowledge of eco-enzymatic stoichiometry and microbial nutrient uptake in arid environments is restricted. This research, conducted at the southern boundary of the Taklimakan Desert, involved an examination of the soil's nutrient levels, microbial biomass, and enzymatic activities under different long-term management measures, including the control group (CK), cutting in spring (CS), cutting in fall (CF), burning in spring (BS), and floodwater irrigation (FI). The results of the research show that the use of CS led to a notable rise in soil organic carbon (SOC) and available potassium (AK) in comparison to FI. Additionally, the soils subjected to various management measures (CK, CS, CF, BS, and FI) exhibited a high level of nitrogen limitation. In CK, soil microbial nitrogen metabolism increased along with microbial carbon metabolism. In CS, the impact of soil available phosphorus (AP) and total potassium (TK) on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism was significant, with a respective contribution of 4.65 % and 1.91 %. In the context of CK, the available nitrogen (AN) in the soil played a significant role in soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism, contributing 5.92 %. Within the BS, soil total nitrogen (TN), SOC, and pH exerted significant influences on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism, contributing 7.16 %, 6.70 %, and 1.62 % respectively. Within the context of FI, soil TN and SOC contributed to 7.16 % and 6.70 % of soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism. In CK, soil AN: AP was significantly negatively correlated with soil leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). In CS and BS, soil TC:TP (soil organic carbon and total phosphorus ratio) and TN:TP was significantly positively correlated with soil β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), inversely, soil TC:TN was significantly negatively correlated with soil β-D-cellobiosidase (CBH). Structural equation model indicated that soil AN: AP, soil TC:TN:TP were negatively correlated with soil enzyme activity. This study emphasizes the importance of adopting sustainable management strategies to safeguard and rehabilitate soil functionality, thereby enhancing the overall health and resilience of ecosystems in highly arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of canal bank stability with vegetation root reinforcement","authors":"Abhijith Kamath ,&nbsp;Karine van Bergen ,&nbsp;Geert Ravenshorst ,&nbsp;Jan-willem van de Kuilen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is an increasing need for using nature based solutions in protecting canal and stream embankments in the Netherlands and delta areas in general. Vegetation provides additional reinforcement and forms an integral part of many nature-based solutions. However, quantifying this reinforcement in-situ is challenging. This study aims to quantify the root reinforcement of three species prevalent along canal embankments – <em>Salix fragilis</em> L. (SF), <em>Salix purpurea</em> L. (SP), and <em>Crataegus laevigata</em> DC. (CL) – using the corkscrew extraction technique. Furthermore, canal bank stability was analyzed under different bank conditions regarding protection (unprotected, protected by vegetation), bank geometry, and hydraulic conditions.</div><div>Quantity of roots and Root Area Ratio (RAR) generally decreased with depth for all species. While root breakage was observed in most samples, all species exhibited increased ductility with higher root densities, except for CL at two depths. SF showed higher root reinforcement at shallower depths (≤ 250 mm), while SP demonstrated greater reinforcement at deeper depths. Results demonstrate that the corkscrew extraction technique is a quick and minimally invasive method for measuring root reinforcement in riparian environments.</div><div>Bank stability simulations revealed that vegetation significantly increases the stability of canal banks. Notably, when considering measured root reinforcement, the factor of safety improved dramatically from 1.08 to 2.46, even under analyzed worst case conditions. However, the analysis suggests a limiting root reinforcement beyond which further increases in root reinforcement have minimal impact on stability. Monitoring using the corkscrew apparatus and future design approaches could aim to achieve this minimum reinforcement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetland topography drives salinity resilience in freshwater tidal ecosystems","authors":"Eleonora Saccon ,&nbsp;Gijs G. Hendrickx ,&nbsp;Suzanne J.M.H. Hulscher ,&nbsp;Tjeerd J. Bouma ,&nbsp;Johan van de Koppel","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The restoration and creation of tidal freshwater wetlands is increasingly becoming important, yet the success of these efforts is limited by salt intrusion, a growing concern due to climate change and human activities. Key topographical features, such as (re)constructed channel network, might help mitigate salt intrusion in these areas. Using a hydrodynamic model and idealized topographies based on real-world data from natural marshes and various constructed wetlands, we analysed how topographies respond to saltwater intrusion events. Our findings reveal that, although wetland topographies based on natural marshes experience faster salinity increases at the onset of an event, they also achieve quicker salinity reductions at its conclusion, resulting in shorter overall periods of salinization compared to artificial wetland designs (e.g. up to 8.10 % in the drought simulations and 48.72 % in the storm surge simulations). The rapid reduction in salinity is driven by the distinct topography of natural marshes, particularly the creek system, which amplifies salt fluxes. Compared to the reference topography, the natural marsh topography exhibited 6.50 % higher salt fluxes in drought (S + W) simulations and up to 41.02 % higher in storm surge (S + W) simulations. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating natural marsh characteristics, such as slope and channel network design, into tidal freshwater wetland restoration and creation projects to improve resilience against salt intrusion and ensure their long-term sustainability in the face of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 107650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}