Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of an inflow diversion wall for managing eutrophication in two hydrologically connected lakes: A modelling study","authors":"Matthew J. Prentice ,&nbsp;Mathew G. Allan ,&nbsp;Andy Bruere ,&nbsp;Deniz Özkundakci","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Managing eutrophication is particularly challenging in lake chains where surface water flows from one lake to another. In such longitudinal surface-water connected systems, nutrient-enriched water from upstream lakes can exacerbate nutrient-related issues in less enriched downstream lakes. Inflow diversion offers a potential management strategy by reducing the transfer of nutrient-enriched waters from upstream to downstream lakes; however, its effectiveness remains unclear. We present a modelling study of two surface-water connected lakes in New Zealand: mesotrophic Lake Rotoiti, which receives water from eutrophic Lake Rotorua, and an in-lake diversion wall in Lake Rotoiti designed to protect its water quality by redirecting Rotorua-derived water to its only outflow. We assessed the wall's effectiveness by calibrating 3D hydrodynamic and hydrodynamic-ecological lake models to simulate the impacts of its hypothetical removal on lake hydrodynamics and water quality, thereby informing management decisions aimed at protecting Lake Rotoiti. Scenario simulations revealed the wall to be effective in reducing the propagation and accumulation of inflow water in the lake and consequently extending the lake's residence time threefold. Simulations also indicated that removal of the wall would lead to moderate and mixed water quality changes, including small increases in total nitrogen and chlorophyll <em>a</em>, and decreases in total phosphorus, even when Lake Rotorua met its water quality targets. From a management perspective, our findings highlight both the challenges and opportunities of managing longitudinal surface-water connected systems. Further, they emphasise the need for coordinated management strategies and aligned water quality targets to achieve optimal management outcomes across such systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of mixed Robinia-Pinus plantations enhance soil carbon sequestration and microbial functional potential in a 32-year-old reclaimed coal mine","authors":"Ye Yuan ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiayu Zhao ,&nbsp;Rongxin Yang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Yang ,&nbsp;Yichao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selection of optimal afforestation models is critical for restoring soil functions in degraded mine lands, yet the long-term microbial mechanisms driving these processes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of five different forest restoration models on soil carbon (C) sequestration, mineralization, and the underlying microbial functional gene potential after 32 years of development at the Pingshuo opencast coal mine, a major mine on the eastern Loess Plateau, China. We compared pure stands of <em>Ulmus pumila</em> L. (UP), <em>Pinus tabuliformis</em> C. (PT), and <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> L. (RP), alongside a mixed broadleaf (<em>Robinia-Ulmus-Ailanthus altissima</em> S., M-B) and a mixed conifer-broadleaf (<em>Robinia-Pinus</em>, M-CB) stand. Soil physicochemical properties, C mineralization potential, enzyme activities, and the abundance of C and nitrogen (N) cycling functional genes were systematically analyzed. Our results showed that the mixed M-CB stand was the most successful model, exhibiting significantly higher soil organic C, total N, and microbial biomass C and N compared to all other models. Intriguingly, this C-rich stand also displayed the highest potential C mineralization rates and enzyme activities (β-1,4-glucosidase, Alkaline phosphatase), supporting a “high-input, high-turnover” ecosystem dynamic. High-throughput qPCR analysis provided a direct mechanistic link, revealing that the M-CB soil harbored the greatest abundance of genes for both C degradation (e.g., starch, lignin breakdown) and C sequestration. The abundance of these C-degrading genes was strongly and positively correlated with measured C mineralization rates. Overall, this research provides a gene-level mechanistic basis for understanding how plant-plant interactions shape belowground biogeochemical processes and we conclude that the synergistic effects within the <em>Robinia-Pinus</em> stand accelerate the restoration of a functionally active and C-rich soil system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107837"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing moss on bioreceptive concrete using a novel two-step approach: The effects of light, water, and species selection","authors":"M. Veeger,&nbsp;M. Ottelé,&nbsp;H.M. Jonkers","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioreceptive concrete supports biological growth on its surface, but natural colonisation takes years, and indoor cultivation followed by outdoor translocation often results in poor long-term survival. This research aimed to develop a method for rapidly establishing a moss layer on bioreceptive concrete while ensuring long-term persistence and survival. The developed method comprised a two-step approach. First is the rapid establishment of moss on bioreceptive concrete indoors. Then, it is hardened and translocated outdoors. Findings indicate that the most effective method for growing moss on concrete indoors is to grow them at low light intensity (70 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ full-spectrum), while watering daily for the first six weeks. Subsequently, watering can be gradually reduced to once every 4 days, inducingdrought hardening. This resulted in significant coverage and growth for both acrocarp (M_coverage = 15.1 %; M_growth = 11.2 mm) and pleurocarp species (M_coverage = 51.7 %; M_growth = 15.5 mm). Finally, after outdoor translocation, the moss should be covered with a light-blocking cloth for a 3-month period to allow for adaptation to UV and high light intensity conditions. When applying this method to moss species (mixtures), it was found that <em>T. muralis</em> showed slow indoor growth but the best adaptation to outdoor conditions on both north- and south-facing surfaces. Contrarily, both <em>P. capillare</em> and <em>B. rutabulum</em> displayed faster growth under indoor conditions but showed poor surface adhesion when translocated outdoors, which can, in some cases, be improved by using species mixtures. This research is a first step towards identifying the factors influencing moss growth and survival on bioreceptive concrete in the built environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107839"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing risks to bioretention performance: The potential for pollutant leaching and groundwater interactions to overshadow design features","authors":"R. Andrew Tirpak ,&nbsp;Claire Weldon ,&nbsp;Jay D. Dorsey ,&nbsp;Kathleen M. Fast ,&nbsp;Haley Jenkins ,&nbsp;Jennifer Grieser ,&nbsp;Ryan J. Winston","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioretention cells are a popular approach to manage urban runoff, yet few studies have compared the role of plant selection and design features on performance in systems treating similar catchments. Four bioretention cells with varied planting palettes and loading ratios (i.e., ratio of drainage area to cell surface area) treating runoff from a 1.3 ha parking lot in Cleveland, Ohio, USA were monitored for 11 months following construction. While mean concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) were effectively reduced (by 50–83 %), elevated nutrient (i.e., N and P) concentrations were often observed in the effluent, indicative of leaching of organics from compost in the bioretention media. While concentrations of most metals were reduced or unchanged from relatively low concentrations in influent runoff, higher concentrations of metals known to associate with organic material (e.g., Cu) in the effluent from all cells supported this hypothesis. No significant seasonal differences in runoff reduction performance for any of the bioretention cells were observed, suggesting that volume reduction via evapotranspiration was far exceeded by exfiltration from the oversized cells. While runoff volumes were substantially reduced by three bioretention cells, effluent volumes exceeded influent runoff at the fourth, lowest-lying cell (Tree cell). Suspected interactions with the local groundwater table were confirmed through field assessment of the soil profile after the completion of the study, where redoximorphic features were observed immediately below the underdrain. Findings highlight the trends in bioretention performance after construction until readily leachable material has been washed from the media layer, the critical importance of material sourcing for bioretention media blends, and the implications of groundwater interactions on bioretention function and ultimately receiving waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Dynamics of soil reinforcement by roots in a regenerating coppice stand of Quercus serrata and effects on slope stability’ [Ecological Engineering, 162 (2021) 106169]","authors":"Keitaro Yamase ,&nbsp;Chikage Todo ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Torii ,&nbsp;Toko Tanikawa ,&nbsp;Tomonori Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Ikeno ,&nbsp;Mizue Ohashi ,&nbsp;Masako Dannoura ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Hirano","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107838","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and remediation model of eco-geo-environmental conditions in arid limestone mining areas","authors":"Siyuan Cao ,&nbsp;Ying Yuan ,&nbsp;Wensong Zhang ,&nbsp;Miao Zhang ,&nbsp;Aihong Zhou ,&nbsp;Ningbo Han ,&nbsp;Miren Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the complexity and regional challenges of eco-geo-environmental assessment and remediation in arid limestone mining areas by proposing an innovative modular model that integrates the three-scale analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy mathematics, variable weight theory, literature review, and expert consultation. The model achieves precise classification of mining eco-geo-environmental quality through dynamic weight adjustment and multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and designs corresponding remediation strategies based on assessment results. We have innovatively established a multi-level evaluation system comprising three primary indicators (mining ecological environment, geological environment, and disaster environment) and 21 sub-indicators, effectively resolving the adaptability limitations of traditional fixed-weight models. By determining initial weights through three-scale analytic hierarchy process and dynamically adjusting them using variable weight theory, the model significantly enhances evaluation accuracy and flexibility. The model's effectiveness was validated through a case study of the Tianjingshan open-pit limestone mining area in Zhongwei City, Ningxia. Results demonstrate high consistency between model assessments and field investigations, and the proposed integrated remediation strategy (“geological hazard elimination + soil reconstruction + vegetation restoration + artificial maintenance”) achieved a vegetation survival rate exceeding 96 %, representing approximately 20 % improvement over traditional soil replacement methods (simple topsoil covering). Through its modular design and hierarchical remediation approach, this model provides a replicable technical pathway for ecological restoration in arid limestone mines and other mining types, demonstrating significant scientific value and practical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boreal peatland forestry dominated catchment iron leaching and the possibilities for mitigating it","authors":"Elina Niemelä ,&nbsp;Petra Korhonen ,&nbsp;Hannu Marttila ,&nbsp;Markus Saari ,&nbsp;Katri Kattilakoski ,&nbsp;Heini Postila","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron (Fe) concentrations in boreal surface waters have increased since the 1990s. This phenomenon is driven by land use, particularly in black schist, acid sulfate soil and peatland areas. This increase has impaired water quality. We developed a catchment scale approach to improve identification of areas where Fe leaching occurs. High-resolution surface runoff modelling combined with spatial sampling proved to be a good method for identifying the main Fe leaching areas. In the Jäälinjärvi catchment, Finland, spatial analysis showed that Fe leaching is linked to peatland drainage and black schist zones. Undrained peatlands areas had measurably smaller concentrations, indicating their potential to buffer Fe leaching. We also assessed Fe retention efficiency in various nature-based water treatment solutions (constructed wetland (CW), settling basin (SB), vortex settling basin (VSB) and wood bundles (WB)) and examined how water properties influence Fe processes. Fe retention was generally weak. Only 3.5 ha SB showed significant removal (total 14 %, dissolved 33 %). Weak Fe removal may be due to short retention and contact time in water treatment solutions as most Fe was in a dissolved form. Additionally, water chemistry can have a major impact in sites with a low pH (5.90–6.16), which inhibits Fe oxidation. Low redox potential (ORP &lt; 100 mV) indicated a possible microbial reduction of Fe(III). Current water treatment solutions offer limited Fe retention under low-pH and humus-rich conditions, which highlights the importance of preventing iron leaching by minimizing land use activities such as peatland drainage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107849"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From degradation to restoration: Soil, biotic changes, and monitoring models in the Atlantic Forest over 17 years","authors":"Fernanda Cristina Aguiar Mendonça ,&nbsp;Robério Anastácio Ferreira ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Oliveira Torres ,&nbsp;Airon José da Silva ,&nbsp;André César Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Renata Silva-Mann","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-term ecological restoration requires integrative, indicator-based approaches to evaluate ecosystem trajectories and guide adaptive management. This study presents a 17-year monitoring effort in a 46-ha Atlantic Forest restoration site in northeastern Brazil, combining biotic (vegetation structure and diversity), soil (soil fertility and organic matter), and remote sensing (NDVI, GPP, NPP) data. Central to this research is the development of a novel, quantitative Restoration Success Index (R), which integrates normalized indicators from three ecological dimensions—vegetation, soil, and biodiversity—weighted by ecological relevance. The model enables a multidimensional and scalable assessment of restoration progress across space and time. Field data revealed notable increases in aboveground biomass (62.49 t ha⁻¹), carbon stock (24.89 t ha⁻¹), and soil potassium levels, indicating convergence with reference ecosystem conditions. While organic matter and species richness remained below target levels, the cumulative index (Rt) captured a positive restoration trajectory. Principal Component Analysis identified vegetation metrics as the main drivers of recovery, while geospatial analyses detected disturbances and supported landscape-scale monitoring. This study offers a replicable framework to quantify tropical forest restoration, underscoring the importance of integrating soil and biodiversity indicators—often overlooked in restoration assessments. The model supports evidence-based decision-making for enhancing ecological resilience and long-term sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107811"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape patterns indicate reduced forest fragmentation in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area following the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Program","authors":"Zhiwen Yuan ,&nbsp;Shili Meng ,&nbsp;Tao Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Niu ,&nbsp;Yong Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) is the largest forest restoration program for protecting natural forests in China. The Danjiangkou Reservoir Area (DRA) offers a good opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the NFPP program due to its unique implementation timeline and location characteristics. While most regions initiated the NFPP in 2000, the DRA began implementation in 2011. Its proximity to both early NFPP and non-NFPP regions provides a comparative framework for assessing the program's impacts on forest landscapes. This study employed dynamic landscape patterns analysis to compare the protection effects of forest resources both within and outside the NFPP areas, as well as before and after the NFPP implementation. Among the identified landscape categories, the core class represents large forest patches with high landscape connectivity. From 2000 to 2020, the area of core forests increased by 5.01 % of the total landscape area in NFPP-I (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2000) and by 7.65 % in NFPP-II (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2011), whereas the increase was only 0.73 % in non-NFPP (areas without NFPP implementation). Meanwhile, the net growth rate of core areas in the NFPP-II rose sharply from 0.92 % of the total landscape area before the implementation of the NFPP to 13.6 % after its implementation. These findings further demonstrate the positive role of the NFPP in reducing forest fragmentation. Moreover, landscape category transitions show consistent patterns, with the islet category being prone to forest loss, whereas other categories, such as bridge, are more likely to be converted into core areas. To halt forest ecosystem degradation, we recommend implementing measures to reduce the fragmentation of plantation forests and promoting a transition to more stable landscape types. This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensively promoting the protection and restoration of forests and the sustainable development of forest resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow-driven regulation of phosphorus retention and release in artificial ditch mesocosm","authors":"Jiahui Xu ,&nbsp;Mengqi Li ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Yongqiu Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Li ,&nbsp;Weihua Su ,&nbsp;Shenqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ditches function as vital biogeochemical buffers that mediate phosphorus (P) transport from agricultural landscapes to downstream water bodies. However, their capacity to retain or release P is highly sensitive to hydrodynamic forces, particularly flow velocity. In this study, we employed a controlled ditch mesocosm to investigate the effects of contrasting flow velocities (V3: 3 cm s⁻¹; V10: 10 cm s⁻¹) on P dynamics. Total P (TP) concentrations in the water column declined under both treatments, with the maximum TP removal rate reaching 209 μmol P m⁻² h⁻¹ at 12 h under V3, compared to 184 μmol P m⁻² h⁻¹ under V10. Particulate P (PP) behavior exhibited flow-dependence: sedimentation dominated under V3, while V10 induced sediment resuspension and elevated PP concentrations. High flow conditions also stimulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and microbial diversity in suspended particulate matter (SPM), accelerating organic P (OP) mineralization. Diffusive P flux across the sediment–water interface was significantly greater under V10 (0.58 pg s⁻¹ cm⁻²) than V3 (0.38 pg s⁻¹ cm⁻²), driven by shear stress and redox fluctuations. Sediment-derived P resuspension increased nearly ninefold under V10 (7.54 mg m⁻² h⁻¹) relative to V3 (0.88 mg m⁻² h⁻¹). These findings demonstrate that flow velocity governs the balance between P retention and release through interacting physical and microbial processes, offering new insight into the design and management of ecologically engineered ditch systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 107856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}