Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Vegetated intertidal mudflat and existing ecological restoration perspectives to control coastal erosion: Constraints and recommendations","authors":"Nguyen Tan Phong","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Until now, two fundamental questions remain unclear: 1) to what extent the characteristics of the mangrove-mud coast have been integrated into developing current coastal erosion, and 2) how a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area evolves. This understanding is important because we are encouraged to learn as much as possible from nature to develop solutions that protect the environment effectively and cost-efficiently. Meanwhile, existing ecological restoration perspectives, including mangrove planting (MP) and the morphological and topographic restoration of eroding mangrove-mud coastal areas (MTRA), have produced conflicting reports regarding their effectiveness in controlling coastal erosion. This study aims to summarize the morphological evolution of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area, as well as the factors contributing to this evolution. This summary will serve as a technical reference for future coastal erosion control efforts. I conducted a critical literature review using four main databases: <em>ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science,</em> and the <em>MDPI data source,</em> in conjunction with field investigations in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The analysis of sixty-four relevant articles, along with detailed field observations from four sites, culminated in a summary of the morphological evolution of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area, as well as the driving factors influencing this evolution. The findings also indicate that we have not adequately learned from the characteristics of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area when developing current ecological restoration perspectives. Furthermore, the use of MP is unnecessary, particularly in stress-free coastal environments. Additionally, the processes of substrate development have not been sufficiently considered in the design and implementation of the MTRA methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ monitoring of soil water characteristics using plant microbial fuel cell: Implications on slope stability analyses","authors":"Liye Li ,&nbsp;Boneng Chen ,&nbsp;Weiling Cai ,&nbsp;Ankit Garg","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is a promising technology that could be applied in green infrastructures such as green roofs for bioelectricity generation. While previous research has explored the influence of soil water characteristics on PMFCs in laboratory settings, this investigation extends to understanding natural ambient environmental conditions. A series of PMFCs was deployed for three months to examine bioelectricity generation, soil water characteristics, and ambient environmental conditions, employing three vegetation types, providing an intricate understanding of the coupled bio-hydrological behaviors in the field. PMFC performance was further enhanced by heightened solar radiation and precipitation, amplifying bio-electrical output. However, a 72 %–89 % decline in electrical current and potential occurred at the air entry value due to disrupted ion transport which caused increased soil electrical resistance. This phenomenon underscores the intricate balance between ambient conditions and PMFC performance, laying a foundation for optimizing PMFCs for specific ecological and hydrological contexts. These findings emphasize the potential of PMFCs in real-time, in-situ reflecting of hydrological soil characteristics, offering an innovative approach to ecosystem management and hazard mitigation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes and response to vegetation restoration of comprehensive ecological risk: Quantification using the external risk source-structure-function framework","authors":"Ping Yu ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Dan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehensive ecological risk (CER) assessment under the interference of climate change and human activities is essential for the high-quality utilization of resources and the sustainable development of ecosystems. In this study, a CER assessment framework was developed by combining natural and human external risk sources, ecosystem structure vulnerability (ESV), and ecosystem function (EF). Then, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity risk mitigation effects of vegetation restoration were discussed. Finally, an effective risk management scheme was proposed according to the risk heterogeneity of different major function-oriented zones (MFOZs). The results were as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2020, both the overall CER within the basin and the CER in various MFOZs exhibited a significant decrease, with the largest reduction observed in the number of high CER zones in the optimize development zones. (2) The most significant reduction in CER due to vegetation restoration is observed in the ecological functional zones of Shaanxi and Shanxi. (3) The relative contribution of accessibility, geography, climate, and economic on high CER varies significantly across different MFOZs. (4) For high risk of optimized development zones, ecological restoration should be prioritized, with strict controls on urban expansion. The results of this study should be considered account when formulating targeted ecological risk control policies to achieve sustainable development of ecological environments in different urban MFOZs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land-use legacies and tree species richness affect short-term resilience in reforested areas of the world's largest refugee camp","authors":"Faqrul Islam Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Rezaul Hasan Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Josep Maria Espelta ,&nbsp;Víctor Resco de Dios ,&nbsp;Tasnima Dilshad ,&nbsp;Md. Riyadul Haque ,&nbsp;Md. Aman Ullah Aman ,&nbsp;Francisco Lloret","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forced migration has recently emerged as a deforestation driver in refugee camps, while reforestation offers a solution to restore these degraded ecosystems. The arrival of one million refugees to Kutupalong camp (southeastern Bangladesh), the world's largest refugee camp, led to significant forest losses after migrant influx, where restoration efforts were subsequently undertaken. However, the effectiveness of these reforestation efforts, and their consequences on vegetation health, remain largely unexplored. This study evaluated the recovery and resilience of reforestation by analyzing enhanced vegetation index (EVI) dynamics, considering the legacy effects of previous land-use systems (natural forest- vs. plantation-legacy plots), tree species richness, and local topography as co-factors. Reforested areas in Kutupalong showed a resilience value of 0.64, indicating that they are still in the recovery phase. Higher recovery was observed in reforested plots that were forests before migrant influx, while pre-deforestation EVI values were associated with higher resilience in plantation-legacy plots. Forest-legacy plots with higher tree species richness exhibited higher recovery probably due to complementarity benefits, driven by resource sharing among multiple tree species. Yet, monospecific plots with <em>Acacia auriculiformis</em> in plantation-legacy plots exhibited higher resilience, likely due to growth related traits. Additionally, undisturbed topsoil, especially in lower elevations, could further enhance recovery and resilience. Findings of this study recommend monospecific <em>A. auriculiformis</em> plantations where admixtures are not feasible, while considering the legacy effects of previous land-uses and implementing soil restoration strategies. These measures potentially improve vegetation health, enhance the local environment, and ultimately contribute to better living conditions to camp inhabitants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are infiltration swales all-rounders? An interdisciplinary field study on multifunctionality","authors":"Patrizia Eben ,&nbsp;Philipp Stinshoff ,&nbsp;Sebastian Knoll ,&nbsp;Lilian Busse ,&nbsp;Daniel Kick ,&nbsp;Swantje Duthweiler ,&nbsp;Christoph Moning ,&nbsp;Stephan Pauleit ,&nbsp;Brigitte Helmreich","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems such as infiltration swales are well-established stormwater control measures in urban areas, and benefits are well described. However, interdisciplinary studies on multifunctional swales under challenging urban conditions are still rare. Results from a field study are presented where infiltration swales at a heavily trafficked urban road were probed as an example of a multifunctional urban planning tool addressing water quality and quantity, amenity, and biodiversity challenges. Over a monitoring period of two years, the development of six pilot-scale swales with engineered soil media (with topsoil and topsoil-free) and native greening were monitored. We analyzed high pollutant retention for zinc, copper, and fine particles (&gt; 94 %) for both soil media tested and accumulation, particularly in the upper first centimeters. Seepage water concentrations ranged between 37 and 46 μg/L Zn, 10.6–12.3 Cu μg/L, and 11.4–22.4 mg/L SS63. Improved water storage capacity through the amendment of brick sand resulted in low drought stress for plants. Seven out of twelve native perennial species exhibited low mortality rates &lt;25 %. Plant mortality did not differ between the soil media, but was significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) affected by the distance from the road and with increased pollutant loads. A positive effect on wild bees was detected by the flower-rich greening with increased abundance, α-diversity, and functional dispersion compared to reference areas. In conclusion, the study revealed the potential multifunctionality of urban infiltration swales in interdisciplinary cooperation. The findings provide a basis for the practical implementation of sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and optimization of ecological security patterns based on ecosystem service function and ecosystem sensitivity in the important ecological functional area — A case study in the Yellow River Basin","authors":"Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Yali Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Wei ,&nbsp;Binbin Xie ,&nbsp;Zhenyi Ma ,&nbsp;Congying Liu ,&nbsp;Lina Yu ,&nbsp;Junju Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Ting Liu ,&nbsp;Dang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As economic development and urban expansion accelerate, the degradation of ecosystem functions and the emergence of ecological and environmental challenges in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) underscore the urgent need to integrate ecosystems into social development for a robust ecological security pattern (ESP) assessment. Discussing the issue of ecological security (ES) and establishing its ESP are of vital significance for eco-protection and qualitative management of it. The objective of this research was to construct a comprehensive ESP for the YRB, designed to enhance ecological conservation and promote sustainable progress. This was achieved by leveraging ecosystem services (ESs) like habitat quality (HQ), water supply (WS), carbon sequestration (CS), and soil conservation (SC) from the period spanning 2010 to 2020. The approach utilized the source-corridor-pattern framework along with the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs) and MCR (Minimum Cumulative Resistance) modeling tools to facilitate this research. The results indicated that: (1) There was a trend for ESs to exhibit increasing importance as one moved northward, with a corresponding decrease in the southern regions. The overall situation had been good and showed an increasing trend. (2) The ecosystem sensitivity within the YRB was characterized by lower levels in northern and southern extremities, contrasting with higher levels in the intervening regions. The Tibetan Plateau and Loess Plateau transition zone, as well as southern part of the Loess Plateau, had been primarily characterized by high sensitivity and medium sensitivity, respectively. (3) The ecological source area of the YRB increased from 22.65 % to 26.76 % in the research period. It densely distributed on the Loess Plateau and sparsely distributed in watersheds, with the land types dominated by grassland and forest land. High resistance values were predominantly observed in areas designated as unused land and within urban zones, whereas lower resistance values were primarily located along the water system. (4) There was a notable decrease in the count of ecological corridors, dropping from 34 to 23, with a significant concentration in the Ningxia Plain and across the Inner Mongolia Plateau from 2010 to 2020. A total of 10 ecological corridors, spanning 6300.25 km in length, have remained consistent over time. They connected the whole basin from upstream to downstream, creating a comprehensive network for ES. This research constructed the ESP framework which can provide the basis for the relevant departments to implement targeted protection of ES and ecological management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrologic assessment of mineral substrate suitability for true moss initiation in a boreal peatland undergoing restoration","authors":"Murdoch E. McKinnon ,&nbsp;Felix C. Nwaishi ,&nbsp;Bin Xu ,&nbsp;Scott J. Ketcheson ,&nbsp;Melanie Bird ,&nbsp;Richard M. Petrone","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tens of thousands of oil and gas well pads have been constructed in peatlands on the North American Western Boreal Plain. The introduction of true mosses directly onto residual mineral substrates left following the partial removal of well pads may present a means of re-establishing peatland ecosystem function on these sites post-decommissioning. Accordingly, an assessment of mineral substrate moisture dynamics was undertaken on a residual well pad on the Western Boreal Plain to determine whether requisite conditions for the establishment of true mosses would be maintained throughout the growing season. The results indicate that substrate moisture conditions were most favourable for true moss establishment when the water table was maintained within 6 cm of the mineral surface of the residual well pad. Such conditions were most frequently observed along edges of the pad receiving direct groundwater inputs from an adjacent peatland, representing an area covering just under half of the pad. However, water table variation was high in interior areas of the pad which were hydrologically disconnected from the adjacent peatland. Here, substrate moisture dynamics were not optimized for true moss establishment late in the season. Mosses introduced to these areas faced a considerable risk of desiccation, which was not directly alleviated by the application of a straw mulch. These findings suggest that the partial removal technique has the potential to create requisite moisture conditions for true moss establishment, but there is a need to enhance subsurface hydrological connectivity across residual pads in future implementations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The road to seagrass restoration at scale using engineering","authors":"Richard K.F. Unsworth ,&nbsp;Samuel C. Rees","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seagrass restoration efforts have been ongoing for decades, with early innovations dating back to the 1970s. While there has been progress, many projects have high failure rates, but the consensus within the literature is that increasing spatial scale will lead to higher success rates. To achieve scaled-up restoration, innovation in the context of mechanised approaches is required that can reduce the costs and labour-intensive processes and improve reliability. This review paper focuses on the restoration of seagrass meadows and how engineering solutions have been used to help scale up these efforts. The paper examines the different stages within seagrass restoration and how mechanised approaches have been used to date, along with their levels of success or failure. Various stages of restoration are examined, from seed collection, separation, storage, planting, and the biological and environmental engineering challenges associated with upscaling these efforts. The review focuses primarily on <em>Zostera</em> species due to its dominance in the literature, but expands to other species where possible. Although extensive mechanised approaches have been used (e.g. seed planting sleds), a common thread through the studies remains the limited underpinning understanding of the biology to improve the use of these methods and a solid understanding of the relative merits of the use of these techniques. Despite innovations, seagrass restoration is still marked by high failure rates. More interdisciplinary work is required to link biological and engineering solutions to environmental variability for greater restoration success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107607"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it possible to grow a typical riparian species in iron ore tailings?","authors":"Cristiane C. Moura ,&nbsp;Thaís R. Costa ,&nbsp;Múcio M.M. Farnezi ,&nbsp;Paula A. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Luciana C. Moura ,&nbsp;Miranda Titon ,&nbsp;Israel M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Evandro L.M. Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In riparian areas severely affected by the rupture of iron ore dams, the effective development of arboreal individuals remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the growth and development of <em>Richeria grandis</em> Vahl. (Phyllanthaceae) seedlings, when subjected to iron ore tailings (<em>in natura)</em> (RMF) or subsoil (TS) from natural soils in the research region. The experiment used a completely randomized design and was conducted in a nursery in a region of rustification. Survival (%), height, diameter of the root collar, leaf number, and total chlorophyll were evaluated monthly. Substrate samples were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment to carry out chemical and particle size analyses in the laboratory. Subsequently, fully expanded leaves were collected from the seedlings for the extraction and quantification of their phytolite content. Their morphotypes were quantified, registered using microphotographs, identified, and classified according to their morphological characteristics, following the International Phytolith Nomenclature Code. After 12 months of evaluation, all <em>R. grandis</em> seedlings had survived and showed improved growth in height and number of leaves in RMF. <em>R. grandis</em> is an abundant producer of phytoliths and is characterized by the multiplicity of morphotypes in its leaves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant and fauna biodiversity benefits from the combination of reclaimed and unreclaimed sites in heaps after uranium mining","authors":"Alena Peterková ,&nbsp;Ondřej Mudrák ,&nbsp;Michal Holec ,&nbsp;Karel Tajovský ,&nbsp;Marie Hovorková ,&nbsp;Saliha Irshad ,&nbsp;Jan Frouz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mining significantly impacts the environment, but post-mining sites, particularly those left to natural succession, often support numerous rare species. Plant and soil fauna communities were studied using field inventories and pitfall trapping on reclaimed and unreclaimed heaps after uranium mining near Příbram (Czech Republic), and in the surrounding landscape (control site). All macrofauna invertebrates were sorted into orders, while Oniscidea, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Araneae, Carabidae, and Formicidae were identified to the species level.</div><div>Unreclaimed heaps were covered with stones, sparse shrubby and herbaceous vegetation, while reclaimed heaps were covered by 0.5 m of topsoil and planted with mixed forest. The control site consisted of forest and agricultural land. The number of plant layer species and vegetation cover at this level on unreclaimed heaps were lower compared to reclaimed ones. However, the average number of tree species was higher on unreclaimed sites, despite the average cover of tree layer was lower.</div><div>A total of 24,101 individuals were caught, with 15,507 identified into 209 species. The highest number of red-listed species was found in reclaimed sites (<span><span>Kusumoarto et al., 2020</span></span> (21)), followed by unreclaimed sites (<span><span>Heneberg and Řezáč, 2018</span></span> (14)) and the control site (<span><span>Chase and Leibold, 2002</span></span> (6)). Spiders dominated the red-listed species (<span><span>Luff, 1998</span></span> (24)) across all locations.</div><div>Habitat preferences differed across all identified invertebrates. Reclaimed sites represent an intermediate state between unreclaimed heaps and the control site. Reclaimed and unreclaimed sites were significantly different from each other, as well as from the control site.</div><div>Our study indicates that both reclaimed and unreclaimed heaps serve as important biodiversity hotspots for threatened or endangered species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}