Ecology最新文献

{"title":"PROCEED v6.1: Phenotypic rates of change evolutionary and ecological database","authors":"Lucas D. Gorné, Andrew P. Hendry, Fanie Pelletier, Sarah Sanderson, Cristian Correa, Carlos Arias, Marc-Olivier Beausoleil, Maryse Boisjoly, Erika Crispo, Daniel Berner, Luis F. De León, Joseph D. DiBattista, Grant E. Haines, Benjamin C. Haller, Michael T. Kinnison, Shahin Muttalib, Ann E. McKellar, Rose E. O'Dea, Winer Daniel Reyes-Corral, Yanny Ritchot, Krista B. Oke, Zachary T. Wood, Thomas Farrugia, Kiyoko M. Gotanda","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Populations must continuously respond to environmental change or risk extinction. These responses can be measured as phenotypic rates of change, which allow researchers to predict their contemporary evolutionary responses. In 1999, a database of phenotypic rates of change in wild populations was compiled. Since then, researchers have used (and expanded) this database to examine the phenotypic responses as a function of the features of the study system (i.e., the population or set of populations, of a given species, that experienced a specific driver or disturbance), the measured traits, and methodological approaches. Therefore, PROCEED (Phenotypic Rates of Change Evolutionary and Ecological Database) is an ongoing compilation of rates of phenotypic change, typically calculated as Haldanes and Darwins, published in peer-reviewed literature (but also including data from theses and technical reports). Studies in this database measure the intraspecific change in quantitative (continuous or discrete) traits and report either the time elapsed from the onset of environmental novelty, or reference a historical or biological event reported in other sources (e.g., a mine opening or a well-documented biological invasion). Included studies either follow a single population through time (allochronic design) or compare two or more populations that diverged at a known time (synchronic design). Some included studies account for the total phenotypic variability in the field (i.e., phenotypic studies), while others employed common-garden or other quantitative genetic approaches to account for the heritable component of the phenotypic change (i.e., genetic studies). PROCEED includes systems in both natural and experimental conditions, provided that reproduction was not manipulated (i.e., artificial selection experiments were excluded). In the included experimental systems, the environment of the focal populations was manipulated (e.g., an herbivory exclusion experiment, where the type and load of herbivory are manipulated) but the studies did not deliberately select for trait values in the study population (e.g., the plant height). PROCEED does not include systems where the phenotypic change is presumably due to interspecific hybridization, polyploidy, or other chromosomal alterations. Here, we present the most recently updated PROCEED (Version 6.1). This new, curated version has 9263 records (<i>n</i>) collated from 326 studies, 1801 systems, and 428 species. The database includes records belonging to mammals (<i>n</i> = 686), birds (<i>n</i> = 1475), reptiles (<i>n</i> = 96), amphibians (<i>n</i> = 23), fishes (<i>n</i> = 3671), invertebrates (<i>n</i> = 1141, mostly arthropods), and plants (<i>n</i> = 2171). The maximum elapsed time between the environmental change and the sampling is 500 years but is typically less than 100 years (third quartile 89.5; median 45 years). The database also includes a set of variables describing biological and methodological asp","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of past variations in Sphagnum bog community structure using paleo-species distribution modeling","authors":"Eleonor E. S. Ryberg,&nbsp;Alicia Valdés,&nbsp;Johan Ehrlén,&nbsp;Minna Väliranta,&nbsp;Malin E. Kylander","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A common approach to investigating species' niches is to examine relationships between spatial variation in environmental conditions and contemporary species occurrences, using species distribution models (SDM or niche models). The relationships between past species distributions and environmental variation over time are less commonly explored. One way to examine effects on species changes over time is to use paleo-datasets to parameterize niche models, where the use of temporal variation allows for making more direct links between past species and environmental conditions through records of past changes. We examined the impact of five environmental variables (temperature, incidence of external nutrient input, local [within bog] moisture, incidence of regionally dry periods, and fire activity) on temporal variation in peatland species composition, occurrences, and abundances (<i>Sphagnum</i>, <i>Eriophorum</i>, <i>Carex</i>, and Ericaceous dwarf shrubs) using a high-resolution peat macrofossil paleo-record spanning the last ~10,000 years from the Store Mosse bog (south-central Sweden). Our results showed that species composition was affected by external nutrient input, local moisture conditions and incidence of regionally dry conditions. The presence and abundance of different species groups were mainly affected by external nutrient input and the incidence of regionally dry periods. Moreover, hummock <i>Sphagna</i> benefited from external nutrient input and low moisture, and in one species, warmer temperatures. Intermediate <i>Sphagna</i> from cooler temperatures with no external nutrient input, and hollow <i>Sphagna</i> from cooler temperatures and external nutrient input. Lastly, our results showed that environmental effects differed between the successional stages of the peatland in one case. Overall, the observed species' responses imply that peatland carbon dynamics will shift with future changes in climate. By examining links between climate and species responses of the past, this study demonstrates that the paleo-data approach in SDMs can contribute to a better understanding of the environmental effects influencing species distributions on longer time scales, thereby providing a valuable tool to improve predictions of future climate change effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid geographic divergence in competitive ability of cane toad larvae (Rhinella marina) during a biological invasion","authors":"Gregory S. Clarke,&nbsp;Richard Shine,&nbsp;Gregory P. Brown,&nbsp;Benjamin L. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low population densities at the expanding edge of a biological invasion are predicted to reduce intraspecific competition such that invading organisms evolve to prioritize adaptations for rapid rates of population growth and dispersal over those that facilitate success in competitive interactions. The larvae (tadpoles) of anuran species that breed in isolated waterbodies provide excellent models with which to test this prediction, because they compete for limited food resources and are unable to disperse until after metamorphosis. Consistent with our predictions, experiments with captive-raised larvae of cane toads (<i>Rhinella marina</i>) show that tadpoles from range core populations were more effective competitors (based on rates of growth and development), especially against tadpoles from invasion front populations, and especially when food was limited (intensifying competition for resources). By contrast, response to predators—a selection pressure presumed constant regardless of invasion history—was largely unchanged between core and edge populations. Limiting food availability reduced survival rate and size at metamorphosis by similar amounts in both core and edge populations. The spread of cane toads across tropical Australia thus has been accompanied by a reduction in the competitive ability of tadpoles, as predicted under the hypothesis that competitive ability will decrease at an expanding range edge. Other traits, associated with response to predation and food limitation, appeared unchanged.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NeoFrugivory: A comprehensive database for frugivory interactions and functional traits in the Neotropics","authors":"Lisieux Fuzessy,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Pizo","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Frugivory plays a crucial role in shaping Neotropical ecosystems, influencing plant dispersal, community dynamics, and ecosystem function. Despite its ecological significance, a systematic understanding of frugivore-fruit interactions spanning the entire Neotropical realm has been lacking. Therefore, we compiled the NeoFrugivory database, which addresses this gap by synthesizing data from a wide range of sources, including peer-reviewed literature, field studies, and existing databases. NeoFrugivory represents a comprehensive compilation of 10,175 unique frugivory interactions across the Neotropical region, the most diverse in terms of vertebrate frugivores, and consolidates information from 419 studies spanning from 1967 to 2023. It includes 2375 plant species and 758 terrestrial vertebrate species. In addition to documenting frugivory interactions, NeoFrugivory includes information on functional traits for both plants and vertebrates, such as body mass, diet, fruit morphology, and seed characteristics. The database encompasses diverse terrestrial vertebrate taxa, including species belonging to taxonomic groups such as Primates, Chiroptera, Birds, Artiodactyla/Perissodactyla, Reptilia, Carnivora, Marsupialia, and Rodentia. By providing a centralized repository of frugivory interactions, NeoFrugivory facilitates comprehensive analyses of ecological networks, evolutionary patterns, and ecosystem dynamics across the Neotropics, and NeoFrugivory provides a unique resource for researchers interested in exploring the intricate dynamics of plant–animal frugivory interactions in the Neotropics. This database enables researchers to explore the ecological roles of different frugivore taxa, identify keystone species, assess the resilience of mutualistic networks, and evaluate the impacts of environmental change on fruit-frugivore interactions. Furthermore, NeoFrugivory serves as a valuable resource for conservation practitioners, supporting the design and implementation of targeted conservation strategies aimed at preserving biodiversity and ecosystem function in the Neotropical region. Overall, NeoFrugivory represents a significant advancement in our understanding of frugivory dynamics in the Neotropics and provides a foundation for future research and conservation efforts in this ecologically diverse and critically important region. There are no copyright restrictions on the data; this paper should be cited when data are used in publications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent responses to light and nutrients in phytoplankton","authors":"Anna Lena Heinrichs,&nbsp;Anika Happe,&nbsp;Apostolos-Manuel Koussoroplis,&nbsp;Helmut Hillebrand,&nbsp;Julian Merder,&nbsp;Maren Striebel","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutrients and light are major resources controlling growth, biomass, and community structure of phytoplankton. When looking at those resources individually, resource uptake and biochemical transformation, and thereby also the demand for resources, have been shown to be temperature-dependent. However, there is still a lack of understanding of how temperature controls the response to multiple resources, although simultaneous limitation by multiple resources is common for single species and whole communities. We conducted a multifactorial, gradient-design experiment growing four freshwater phytoplankton species under 125 combinations of temperature, light, and nutrients (5 × 5 × 5 levels). In three of four species, we found evidence for an interactive effect of light and nutrients on growth that was modulated by temperature. The effect of high-level supply of both resources on algal growth rate generally exceeded the sum of their individual effects. Conversely, the lowest growth rates occurred not necessarily at the lowest level of both resources but at the most extreme light:nutrient supply ratios (either only light or nutrients were at highest supply level but the other resource remained at low supply). These interactive light-nutrient effects were modulated by temperature, resulting in highest growth rates when both resources and temperature were highest. Our study demonstrates that temperature modulates the magnitude of the interactive light-nutrient effect on phytoplankton growth. Consequently, these findings highlight the importance of considering temperature to understand the limitation by multiple resources and show that growth responses would be over- or underestimated when these interactions are not taken into account. Our results provide a first indication that the resource-dependent growth of phytoplankton will change in a warming world when considering multiple resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening of negative density dependence mediates population decline at high temperatures","authors":"Lillie Stockseth,&nbsp;Zoey Neale,&nbsp;Volker H. W. Rudolf","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While temperature is well known to affect many life history traits of ectothermic organisms, any attempt to scale up these individual-level processes to population-level consequences must assume a relationship between temperature and the strength of per capita density dependence. Yet, theory has made contrasting predictions about this relationship, and we still need clear experimental tests to determine which relationship is realized in natural systems, especially in heterotrophs. Here, we experimentally isolated and quantified the thermal response of density dependence from the population dynamics of the herbivore <i>Daphnia pulex</i>. We show that the strength of negative density dependence increased linearly with temperature, doubling every 7°C, while the intrinsic growth rate of increase showed a humped shape relationship. This difference caused a humped-shaped relationship of carrying capacity with temperature, with a dramatic 50% decline at the highest temperature. The results provide a sorely needed test of theory and highlight the importance of accounting for thermal responses of indirect effects that only emerge at the population level when forecasting the effects of global warming. While warming temperatures may benefit the individual (via increased growth and reproduction), our results reveal that warming still can be a detriment to the population by strengthening density-dependent processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs of floral larceny: A meta-analytical evaluation of nectar robbing and nectar theft on animal-pollinated plants","authors":"Laura C. Leal,&nbsp;Matthew H. Koski,&nbsp;Rebecca E. Irwin,&nbsp;Judith L. Bronstein","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mutualistic interactions are biological markets in which different species exchange commodities to mutual benefit. Mutualisms are, however, susceptible to exploitation, with some individuals taking without reciprocating. While it is generally assumed that exploiters will inflict fitness costs, evidence for such costs is mixed and difficult to generalize due to their context-dependent nature. Animal-pollinated flowers are commonly exploited by larcenists, non-pollinating animals that consume floral rewards often without transferring pollen. The impacts of larcenists on plant reproduction vary widely, suggesting they inflict differing costs on plants, but which types of floral larceny are most and least costly, and why, has received little attention. We employed a meta-analytical approach to explore the effects of flower larceny on nectar traits, pollinator visitation, and plant reproduction. We focused on the effects of two contrasting forms of larceny: primary nectar robbing—nectar consumption through holes constructed in the corolla rather than entering flowers legitimately—and nectar theft—nectar consumption by entering flowers but with no pollen transfer. We found that both robbing and theft had negative impacts on nectar quantity and quality, but that only theft negatively affected pollinator visitation rates. Similarly, robbers had no impact on either female or male reproductive success, whereas thieves consistently reduced both male and female reproductive success. These effects were not associated with plant mating systems nor with the identities of robbers and effective pollinators, challenging previous generalizations. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of larcenists' costs to animal-pollinated plants, revealing that nectar theft is more detrimental to plant reproduction than nectar robbing. These results enhance our understanding of the intricate dynamics of mutualism exploitation in ecological and evolutionary contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant interaction traits determine the biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria in soil","authors":"Natascha Lewe,&nbsp;Robert A. Keyzers,&nbsp;Jason M. Tylianakis,&nbsp;Julie R. Deslippe","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) mutualisms are crucial to ecosystem biodiversity and productivity. Yet, our understanding of the functional roles of plants as AMF generalists or specialists, and the consequences of these plant interaction traits for soil ecosystems are virtually unknown. We grew eight pasture plant species under two experimental conditions, sequencing their root AMF communities to assess interaction traits using a range of numeric and phylogenetic diversity metrics, thereby characterizing each plant species' interaction generalism with AMF. We used lipid analysis of rhizosphere soils and Bayesian modeling to explore how host interaction traits affected carbon allocation to AMF and bacteria. We found that plant interaction traits for AMF remained stable despite large variation in soil conditions and AMF pools. Host interaction generalism was linked to contrasting patterns in bacterial and AMF biomass: Phylogenetic diversity in plant interactions was positively associated with AMF biomass, while numeric diversity was negatively associated with bacterial biomass in rhizosphere soils. Explicit consideration of plant interaction niches may enhance understanding of how changes in biodiversity affect ecosystem carbon cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caatinga diaspores: Descriptive overview of dispersal units of seasonally dry tropical forests and woodlands","authors":"Fabricio Francisco Santos da Silva,&nbsp;Edjane Silva Damasceno,&nbsp;Ramon Athayde de Souza Cavalcante,&nbsp;Francinete Alves do Nascimento,&nbsp;Mateus Brandão Prates,&nbsp;Luís Francisco Mello Coelho,&nbsp;Daniel Salgado Pifano,&nbsp;Renato Garcia Rodrigues","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dispersal unit characteristics provide crucial insights into species ecology and are essential for the conservation and restoration of ecosystems. The Caatinga, the largest ecosystem of seasonally dry tropical forests and woodlands in South America, remains underrepresented in terms of dispersal unit data, which are often scattered across the scientific literature or remain unpublished. To address this gap, we compiled a dataset of morphophysiological data for 100 native taxa, including key information such as germination, seed water content, 1000 seed mass, fruit shape, and the geographic coordinates of 1981 seed lots. Over nine years, more than 60 t of dispersal units were harvested, representing 91% of the most dominant woody species in this ecosystem. These records stem from environmental licensing actions associated with the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF), the Re-Habitar Ararinha Azul Project, and verified literature. This dataset, the first of its kind for the Caatinga, offers valuable potential for research on forest dynamics, dispersal, germination, conservation, and ecological restoration in the Brazilian semiarid region. We hope this data paper provides reliable information on local flora distribution, dispersal syndromes, and morphological descriptions, while also suggesting methods for overcoming seed dormancy in the Caatinga. No copyright restrictions apply to this dataset, but please cite this data paper in publications. We also encourage researchers and educators to inform us of how they are using the data.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plants and soil biota co-regulate stability of ecosystem multifunctionality under multiple environmental changes","authors":"Huiling Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Wang,&nbsp;Ying Wu,&nbsp;Liji Wu,&nbsp;Linyan Yue,&nbsp;Yongfei Bai,&nbsp;Dima Chen","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4534","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increase in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) inputs, as well as soil acidification resulting from multiple environmental changes, has profound effects on the attributes of plant and soil biota communities, and on ecosystem functions. However, how these community attributes impact ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) and its stability under multiple environmental changes remains unclear. By integrating datasets over four consecutive years from an experiment with enrichments of soil acidification and N and P in a semiarid grassland on the Mongolian Plateau, we explored the effects of environmental changes on community attributes (species richness, asynchrony, and compositional temporal stability) of plants and soil biota (bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) and their associations with EMF stability. The attributes of plants and soil biota showed opposite responses to nutrient enrichment under soil acidification and non-acidification conditions. Soil acidification had a more significant effect on the community attributes of plants and soil biota, as well as on the components of EMF stability, than nutrient enrichment. Soil acidification decreased both the mean and stability of EMF, while N enrichment increased the mean of EMF. P did not have a significant effect on the components of EMF stability, but N and P showed positive interactive effects on the mean and stability of EMF. We also found that plant and soil biota richness had a positive effect on EMF, while plant asynchrony and soil biota compositional stability determined EMF stability. The community attributes of plants and soil biota co-regulate the components of EMF stability under multiple environmental changes. These findings highlight the urgent need to protect the biodiversity of plants and soil biota to maintain EMF and its stability, especially for ecosystems undergoing multiple environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}