Ecology最新文献 - Book学术

Mycorrhizal dominance influences tree species richness and richness–biomass relationship in China's forests

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4501

Suhui Ma, Guoping Chen, Qiong Cai, Chengjun Ji, Biao Zhu, Zhiyao Tang, Shuijin Hu, Jingyun Fang

{"title":"Mycorrhizal dominance influences tree species richness and richness–biomass relationship in China's forests","authors":"Suhui Ma, Guoping Chen, Qiong Cai, Chengjun Ji, Biao Zhu, Zhiyao Tang, Shuijin Hu, Jingyun Fang","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4501","url":null,"abstract":"Mycorrhizal associations drive plant community diversity and ecosystem functions. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EcM) are two widespread mycorrhizal types and are thought to differentially affect plant diversity and productivity by nutrient acquisition and plant–soil feedback. However, it remains unclear how the mixture of two mycorrhizal types influences tree diversity, forest biomass, and their relationship at large spatial scales. Here, we explored these issues using data from 1247 plots (600 m2 for each) across China's natural forests located mostly in temperate and subtropical regions. Both AM‐dominated and EcM‐dominated forests show relatively lower tree species richness and stand biomass, whereas forests with the mixture of mycorrhizal strategies sustain more tree species and higher biomass. Interestingly, the positive effect of tree diversity on biomass is stronger in forests with low (≤50%) than high AM tree proportion (>50%), reflecting a shift from the complementarity effect to functional redundancy with increasing AM trees. Our findings suggest that mycorrhizal dominance influences tree diversity and richness–biomass relationship in forest ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal seed dispersal of Rhynchotechum discolor (Gesneriaceae) by a freshwater crab

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4506

Kenji Suetsugu

引用次数: 0

Contrasting demographic processes underlie uphill shifts in a desert ecosystem 沙漠生态系统上坡变化的人口变化过程截然不同

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4494

Sarah Skikne, Blair McLaughlin, Mark Fisher, David Ackerly, Erika Zavaleta

{"title":"Contrasting demographic processes underlie uphill shifts in a desert ecosystem","authors":"Sarah Skikne, Blair McLaughlin, Mark Fisher, David Ackerly, Erika Zavaleta","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4494","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is projected to cause extensive plant range shifts, and, in many cases such shifts already are underway. Most long‐term studies of range shifts measure emergent changes in species distributions but not the underlying demographic patterns that shape them. To better understand species' elevational range shifts and their underlying demographic processes, we use the powerful approach of rephotography, comparing historical (1978–1982) and modern (2015–2016) photographs taken along a 1000‐m elevational gradient in the Colorado Desert of Southern California. This approach allowed us to track demographic outcomes for 4263 individual plants of 11 long‐lived, perennial species over the past ~36 years. All species showed an upward shift in mean elevation (average = 45 m), consistent with observed increasing temperature and severe drought in the region. We found that varying demographic processes underlaid these elevational shifts, with some species showing higher recruitment and some showing higher survival with increasing elevation. Species with faster life‐history rates (higher background recruitment and mortality rates) underwent larger elevational shifts. Our findings emphasize the importance of demography and life history in shaping range shift responses and future community composition, as well as the sensitivity of desert systems to climate change despite the typical “slow motion” population dynamics of perennial desert plants.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fish and invertebrate communities show greater day–night partitioning on tropical than temperate reefs

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4477

Tyson R. Jones, Graham J. Edgar, Rowan Trebilco, Camille Mellin, Rick D. Stuart‐Smith, Lara Denis‐Roy, Olivia J. Johnson, Matthew Rose, Scott D. Ling

{"title":"Fish and invertebrate communities show greater day–night partitioning on tropical than temperate reefs","authors":"Tyson R. Jones, Graham J. Edgar, Rowan Trebilco, Camille Mellin, Rick D. Stuart‐Smith, Lara Denis‐Roy, Olivia J. Johnson, Matthew Rose, Scott D. Ling","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4477","url":null,"abstract":"Diel partitioning of animals within ecological communities is widely acknowledged, yet rarely quantified. Investigation of most ecological patterns and processes involves convenient daylight sampling, with little consideration of the contributions of nocturnal taxa, particularly in marine environments. Here we assess diel partitioning of reef faunal assemblages at a continental scale utilizing paired day and night visual census across 54 shallow tropical and temperate reefs around Australia. Day–night differences were most pronounced in the tropics, with fishes and invertebrates displaying distinct and opposing diel occupancy on coral reefs. Tropical reefs in daytime were occupied primarily by fishes not observed at night (64% of all species sighted across day and night, and 71% of all individuals). By night, substantial emergence of invertebrates not otherwise detected during sunlit hours occurred (56% of all species, and 45% of individuals). Nocturnal emergence of tropical invertebrates corresponded with significant declines in the richness and biomass of predatory and herbivorous diurnal fishes. In contrast, relatively small diel changes in fishes active on temperate reefs corresponded to limited nocturnal emergence of temperate invertebrates. This reduced partitioning may, at least in part, be a result of strong top‐down pressures from fishes on invertebrate communities, either by predation or competitive interference. For shallow reefs, the diel cycle triggers distinct emergence and retreat of faunal assemblages and associated trophic patterns and processes, which otherwise go unnoticed during hours of regular scientific monitoring. Improved understanding of reef ecology, and management of reef ecosystems, requires greater consideration of nocturnal interactions. Without explicit sampling of nocturnal patterns and processes, we may be missing up to half of the story when assessing ecological interactions.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From seedlings to adults: Linking survival and leaf functional traits over ontogeny

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4469

María Natalia Umaña, Jessica Needham, Claire Fortunel

{"title":"From seedlings to adults: Linking survival and leaf functional traits over ontogeny","authors":"María Natalia Umaña, Jessica Needham, Claire Fortunel","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4469","url":null,"abstract":"As long‐lived tropical trees grow into the multi‐layered canopy and face different environmental conditions, the relationships between leaf traits and whole‐plant survival can vary over ontogeny. We tested the strength and direction of the relationships between leaf traits and long‐term survival data across life stages for woody species from a subtropical forest in Puerto Rico. Trait–survival relationships were largely consistent across ontogeny with conservative traits leading to higher survival rates. The stage‐specific relationship R2 increased by up to one order of magnitude compared to studies not considering ontogenetic trait variations. Stage‐specific traits were significant predictors of their corresponding stage‐specific survival: Seedlings traits were better predictors of seedling survival than adult traits, and adult traits were better predictors of maximum adult survival than seedling traits. Our results suggest that stage‐specific leaf traits reflect different strategies over ontogeny and can substantially improve predictability of survival models in tropical forests.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature niche and body size condition phenological responses of moths to urbanization in a subtropical city

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4489

Michael W. Belitz, Asia Sawyer, Lillian Hendrick, Robert P. Guralnick

{"title":"Temperature niche and body size condition phenological responses of moths to urbanization in a subtropical city","authors":"Michael W. Belitz, Asia Sawyer, Lillian Hendrick, Robert P. Guralnick","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4489","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization in temperate climates often advances the beginning and peak of biological events due to multiple factors, especially urban heat islands. However, the effect of urbanization on insect phenology remains understudied in more tropical areas, where temperature may be a weaker phenological cue. We surveyed moths across an urban gradient in a subtropical city weekly for a year to test how impervious surface and canopy cover impact phenology at the caterpillar and adult life stages. For macro‐moths, we also examine how these effects vary with life history traits. When pooling all individuals, we found no effect of urbanization proxy variables on timing of caterpillar or adult phenology. At the species‐specific level, we found timing of peak adult macro‐moths is influenced by canopy cover, which also interacts with two traits: temperature niche and body size. Cold‐adapted species delay timing of peak abundance in more shaded sites, while warm‐adapted species were not affected. Smaller species, associated with lower dispersal ability, were more phenologically sensitive to canopy cover than larger bodied species. These results highlight the importance of canopy cover within cities and its interaction with species' traits in mediating impact of urbanization on moth phenology in subtropical systems.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eco‐phenotypic feedback loops differ in multistressor environments 多胁迫环境中的生态表型反馈回路各不相同

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4480

Lynn Govaert, Toni Klauschies

{"title":"Eco‐phenotypic feedback loops differ in multistressor environments","authors":"Lynn Govaert, Toni Klauschies","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4480","url":null,"abstract":"Natural communities are exposed to multiple environmental stressors, which simultaneously impact the population and trait dynamics of the species embedded within these communities. Given that certain traits, such as body size, are known to rapidly respond to environmental change, and given that they can strongly influence the density of populations, this raises the question of whether the strength of the eco‐phenotypic feedback loop depends on the environment, and whether stressful environments would enhance or disrupt this feedback or causal linkage. We use two competing freshwater ciliates—Colpidium striatum and Paramecium aurelia—and expose their populations to a full‐factorial design of increasing salinity and temperature conditions as well as interspecific competition. We found that salinity, temperature, and competition significantly affected the density and cell size dynamics of both species. Cell size dynamics strongly influenced density dynamics; however, the strength of this eco‐phenotypic feedback loop weakened in stressful conditions and with interspecific competition. Our study highlights the importance of studying eco‐phenotypic dynamics in different environments comprising stressful abiotic conditions and species interactions.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mistletoes on lianas: Seed dispersal highways or drought safe havens? Evidence from South American temperate rainforests 藤本植物上的槲寄生：种子传播的高速公路还是干旱的避风港？南美洲温带雨林的证据

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4479

José I. Orellana, Guillermo C. Amico, Roberto F. Nespolo, Soraya Sade, Valentina Vilches‐Gómez, Francisco E. Fontúrbel

引用次数: 0

Publication‐driven consistency in food web structures: Implications for comparative ecology 食物网结构的出版驱动一致性：对比较生态学的影响

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4467

Chris Brimacombe, Korryn Bodner, Dominique Gravel, Shawn J. Leroux, Timothée Poisot, Marie‐Josée Fortin

{"title":"Publication‐driven consistency in food web structures: Implications for comparative ecology","authors":"Chris Brimacombe, Korryn Bodner, Dominique Gravel, Shawn J. Leroux, Timothée Poisot, Marie‐Josée Fortin","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4467","url":null,"abstract":"Large collections of freely available food webs are commonly reused by researchers to infer how biological or environmental factors influence the structure of ecological communities. Although reusing food webs expands sample sizes for community analysis, this practice also has significant drawbacks. As food webs are meticulously crafted by researchers for their own specific research endeavors and resulting publications (i.e., books and scientific articles), the structure of these webs inherently reflects the unique methodologies and protocols of their source publications. Consequently, combining food webs sourced from different publications without accounting for discrepancies that influence network structure may be problematic. Here, we investigate the determinants of structure in freely available food webs sourced from different publications, examining potential disparities that could hinder their effective comparison. Specifically, we quantify structural similarity across 274 commonly reused webs sourced from 105 publications using a subgraph technique. Surprisingly, we found no increased structural similarity between webs from the same ecosystem nor webs built using similar network construction methodologies. Yet, webs sourced from the same publication were very structurally similar with this degree of similarity increasing over time. As webs sourced from the same publication are typically sampled, constructed, and/or exposed to similar biological and environmental factors, publications likely holistically drive their own webs' structure to be similar. Our findings demonstrate the large effect that publications have on the structure of their own webs, which stymies inference when comparing the structure of webs sourced from different publications. We conclude by proposing different approaches that may be useful for reducing these publication‐related structural issues.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Condo or cuisine? The function of fine woody debris in driving decomposition, detritivores, and their predators 公寓还是美食？细木屑在推动分解、食腐动物及其捕食者方面的功能

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Ecology Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4474

Nicholas V. Benedetto, Craig R. McClain, Natalie A. Clay

{"title":"Condo or cuisine? The function of fine woody debris in driving decomposition, detritivores, and their predators","authors":"Nicholas V. Benedetto, Craig R. McClain, Natalie A. Clay","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4474","url":null,"abstract":"Community structure and ecosystem function may be driven by the size or the energy within a given habitat, but these metrics (space and energy) are difficult to separate, especially in systems where the habitat itself is also food, such as detritus. Only a handful of studies have attempted to isolate potential mechanisms experimentally, which has left a notable knowledge gap in understanding the drivers of community structure and function. Here, we tested whether fine woody debris (FWD) affects leaf litter communities primarily as a source of space or energy. We used a crossed factor design to isolate the effects of FWD as space and energy, with four treatments: (1) no FWD, (2) only energy‐providing FWD (sawdust), (3) only space‐providing synthetic wood debris, and (4) a combination of both space and energy. We hypothesized that the highest levels of diversity, carnivore:detritivore ratio, and decomposition rate would occur on plots supplied with sawdust (representing energy), synthetic woody debris (representing space), or a combination of both, depending on the relative significance of FWD as a source of either energy or space. After 7 months, FWD as a source of energy but not space led to decreased decomposer abundance and richness. Conversely, increased proportion of carnivores and labile substrate decomposition was primarily driven by FWD as a source of space. However, the fastest decomposition of more recalcitrant substrates required both space and energy (additive), and the synergy of space and energy supported the greatest proportion of carnivores. These results suggest that the presence of FWD in forest ecosystems supports increased diversity and decomposition through a synergistic interaction of space and energy and the maintenance of deadwood like FWD in forest ecosystems can thus significantly contribute to forest ecosystem function.","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0