撒哈拉地区沿干旱梯度的屎壳郎组合的空间和季节特征选择

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ecology Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1002/ecy.70106
Indradatta de Castro-Arrazola, Francisco Sánchez-Piñero, Marco Moretti, Joaquín Hortal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

极端环境下的生态群落是由环境过滤和共存机制的平衡形成的,形成了一系列的装配规则。虽然有大量证据表明这些群落组装机制在植物中的重要性,但它们对动物的影响很少进行比较。我们评估了它们在撒哈拉边缘沿强干旱梯度的屎壳郎群落时空响应中的相对重要性。具体来说,我们研究了系统发育和功能群落结构如何随着干旱在空间和时间上的变化而变化,并将其与选定的性状相结合,以评估与已知梯度组装规则相关的机制的相对重要性,包括增加干旱是否选择了特定的性状值。我们在连续两年的干湿季节对撒哈拉沙漠400公里的坡度进行了调查,通过直接测量和文献收集了系统发育信息,并量化了与干旱相关的特征。我们计算了功能和系统发育多样性、功能多样性解耦变化、功能和系统发育β多样性、基于零模型的标准化效应大小以及所有相关性状的群落加权平均值。然后,我们通过线性模型、独立主成分分析和多重方差分析(manova)来评估这些多样性方面的时空变化之间的关系。日益严重的干旱在系统发育和功能水平上过滤了蜣螂群落,在空间和时间上选择了特定的特征综合征,因为群落在撒哈拉沙漠和干湿季节之间发生了类似的变化。与预期相反,系统发育和功能结构显示出连续的干旱替代,而不是谱系和性状价值的嵌套损失,这并不伴随着性状体积沿梯度的减少。只有干旱季节的极度干旱条件下性状体积减小。这表明,对干旱的响应导致了具有共同适应策略的组合,由具有较长翅膀和内食行为的腐生物种主导,与在贫瘠的沙漠环境中获取短暂资源有关。此外,如果动物群落的物候振幅包括极端条件,它们可以对快速的生态系统崩溃做出反应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Spatial and seasonal trait selection in dung beetle assemblages along an aridity gradient in the Sahara

Spatial and seasonal trait selection in dung beetle assemblages along an aridity gradient in the Sahara

Ecological communities under extreme environments are shaped by a balance of environmental filtering and coexistence mechanisms that result in a series of assembly rules. Although there is abundant evidence about the importance of these community assembly mechanisms in plants, their effects have been seldom compared for animals. We assess their relative importance for the temporal and spatial responses of dung beetle communities along a strong aridity gradient in the edge of the Sahara. Specifically, we study how phylogenetic and functional community structure varies with aridity in space and time and combine it with selected traits to assess the relative importance of mechanisms associated with known assembly rules along the gradient, including whether increasing aridity selects for specific trait values. We surveyed a 400-km gradient toward the Sahara in the dry and wet seasons of two consecutive years, gathering phylogenetic information and quantifying traits related to aridity from direct measurements and the literature. We calculated metrics of functional and phylogenetic diversity, the decoupled variation in functional diversity, functional and phylogenetic beta diversity, their standardized effect sizes based on null models, and community weighted means for all relevant traits. Then, we assessed the relationships between the spatial and temporal variations in these facets of diversity through linear models, independent principal components analyses, and multiple ANOVAs (MANOVAs). Increasing aridity filters dung beetle communities at the phylogenetic and functional levels, selecting particular trait syndromes in both space and time, as communities change similarly toward the Sahara and between the wet and dry seasons. Contrary to expectations, phylogenetic and functional structure shows a continuous replacement with aridity rather than a nested loss of lineages and trait values, which is not accompanied by a reduction in trait volume along the gradient. Only the hyperarid conditions of the dry season show reductions in trait volume. This implies that responses to aridity lead to assemblages with a common adaptive strategy, dominated by saprophagous species with longer wings and endocoprid behavior, associated with the acquisition of ephemeral resources in the poor desert environment. In addition, animal communities can respond to rapid ecosystem breakdowns if their phenological amplitude includes extreme conditions.

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来源期刊
Ecology
Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
2.10%
发文量
332
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecology publishes articles that report on the basic elements of ecological research. Emphasis is placed on concise, clear articles documenting important ecological phenomena. The journal publishes a broad array of research that includes a rapidly expanding envelope of subject matter, techniques, approaches, and concepts: paleoecology through present-day phenomena; evolutionary, population, physiological, community, and ecosystem ecology, as well as biogeochemistry; inclusive of descriptive, comparative, experimental, mathematical, statistical, and interdisciplinary approaches.
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