Ecology and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"Forest Age and Soil Depth Mediate the Effects of Soil and Root Traits on Soil Microbial Community in Plantations","authors":"Yaxuan Chen,&nbsp;Qianyuan Liu,&nbsp;Yanmei Chen,&nbsp;Changqi Ai,&nbsp;Peipei Jiang","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The soil microbial community composition and Alpha diversity serve as key indicators of soil quality changes driven by forest development. We explored the variations in soil properties, root traits, microbial communities, and their interrelationships across forest age and soil depth in <i>Populus tomentosa</i>, <i>Platycladus orientalis</i>, and <i>Styphnolobium japonicum</i> plantations. The results showed that the Chao, Shannon, and Pielou_e indices of the soil microbial community increased with forest age. Soil properties and root traits had a stronger influence on the composition of soil bacteria (41.4%) compared to fungi (28.8%). In comparison to root traits (7%–10%), soil properties had a more significant influence (23%–26%) on microbial composition. Soil clay, water content, and conductivity showed positive effects on bacterial diversity and composition, while fungi were mainly affected by soil total phosphorus and soil pH. The influence of root traits on bacterial diversity declined with forest age, whereas the effect of soil properties increased. Fungal diversity was jointly shaped by soil properties and root traits in 13–19a plantations, but mainly by soil properties in 9–12a and 16–36a plantations. With increasing soil depth, the impact of roots on bacterial diversity grew while on fungal diversity diminished. The results highlight the need to account for forest age and soil depth when revealing the association among soil microbial diversity, environmental variation, and root traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12521610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fragile Stronghold: Genomics Reveal Angelshark Population Vulnerability in Corsica, a Key Mediterranean Refuge","authors":"Nadia Faure,&nbsp;Maurine Vilcot,&nbsp;Franck Pichot,&nbsp;Jean-Jacques Riutort,&nbsp;Adèle Barroil,&nbsp;Florian Holon,&nbsp;Nicolas Tomasi,&nbsp;David Mouillot,&nbsp;Julie Deter,&nbsp;Stéphanie Manel","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72275","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Once common in Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal waters, the angelshark (<i>Squatina squatina</i>) has disappeared from 90% of its historical geographic range over the last century. Populations have drastically declined, likely due to the combined effects of overfishing, coastal habitat destruction, and the species' slow life history traits. The island of Corsica remains one of the last Mediterranean refuges for this IUCN Critically Endangered species, underscoring the need for conservation action. Given the difficulty of observing this benthic shark, we employed genomic methods to investigate the fine-scale spatial genetic structure, genetic diversity, and effective population size. Skin samples were opportunistically collected from accidental bycatch of angelsharks by local fishers in eastern Corsica and genotyped for 9699 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. We show that these individuals belong to a single population and exhibit high site fidelity, particularly among females, supporting male-biased dispersal. Genetic relatedness analyses identified 35 close family relationships, with 42% of sampled individuals showing a close relative. Additionally, we revealed multiple paternity within a single litter, suggesting a polyandrous mating system not previously documented in Squatinidae. The estimated effective population size of 290 individuals (95% CI: 209–453) is concerning given the persistent bycatch of hundreds of angelsharks by local artisanal fisheries during the annual spring reproductive aggregation of <i>Spicara smaris</i>. Protecting these ephemeral breeding colonies would not only benefit angelsharks but also help sustain numerous other threatened elasmobranchs and commercially important fish species (i.e., <i>Zeus faber</i>). Our findings highlight the value of integrating genomic tools into the conservation of elusive marine species. Conservation efforts should focus on reducing bycatch through gear modifications, seasonal fishing restrictions, and preserving estuaries. Studying and protecting this Corsican refuge is of paramount importance, as it could serve as a source population for restoring angelshark populations in formerly abundant areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12516160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Prediction of Ideal Butterfly Habitats in Kun-Ming's Urban Green Areas: Enabled by Maxent and ArcGIS","authors":"Xiaoli Zhang,&nbsp;Jiahai Zhao,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Yi,&nbsp;Di Yuan,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72300","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents groundbreaking insights into urban butterfly conservation by developing an integrated modelling framework to predict habitat suitability under climate change. The research addresses three critical gaps in current knowledge: (1) the lack of robust methodologies for assessing subtropical urban Lepidoptera habitats, (2) insufficient understanding of microclimate-mediated edge effects in fragmented landscapes and (3) the absence of predictive tools for climate-adaptive conservation planning. Our analytical approach combined Maxent species distribution modelling with high-resolution GIS sensitivity analysis, incorporating 64 georeferenced occurrence records and 22 environmental variables. The optimised model achieved exceptional predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.966), identifying temperature seasonality (Bio7, 30.8% contribution) and dry-season precipitation (Bio17, 21.5%) as dominant habitat filters. Spatial projections revealed a previously undocumented habitat paradox: while high suitability core areas may expand by 138.73 km² under optimal scenarios, total suitable habitat could contract by 53.89 km² due to climate-driven edge effects. Three key innovations emerge from this work: First, we established a novel protocol for urban biodiversity assessment that integrates climatic, topographic and anthropogenic variables. Second, we demonstrated the critical role of microclimate buffering in maintaining habitat refugia, particularly in the southwestern Guandu and northwestern Chenggong districts. Third, we developed a decision-support framework that identifies priority conservation zones based on habitat stability thresholds. These findings advance ecological theory by quantifying the impacts of urban heat islands on species distributions, providing actionable tools for city planners. The habitat stability maps and climate-resilience indicators developed in this study are currently being implemented in Kunming's urban green space master plan, demonstrating the immediate practical relevance of this research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12518168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific Variation in Elemental Composition of the Least Killifish Tracks Spatial Variation in Periphyton Composition","authors":"Benjamin D. Pluer,&nbsp;Pamela S. D. MacRae,&nbsp;Joseph Travis","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72326","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72326","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many animals, especially freshwater fish, display significant population variation in elemental composition. How often that variation reflects patterns of interspecific variation remains under-explored. We examined the elemental composition and trophic niche of <i>Heterandria formosa</i>, an omnivore whose trophic position varies among populations. We studied eight populations, four from freshwater springs and four from shallow lakes. We analyzed water chemistry along with elemental composition and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in periphyton and fish to determine the extent of population variation in elemental composition and any associations it might have with variation in the composition of the basal resources or the trophic level of the fish. Water chemistry varied along a gradient from lakes with lower values of pH, higher concentrations of chlorophyll-a, and lower nitrate concentrations to springs with higher values of pH, lower chlorophyll-a concentrations, and higher nitrate concentrations. The population variation in elemental composition of the fish tracked the variation observed in the periphyton samples. There was a narrow range of C:N ratios among populations, compared with studies of other species, but differences among them were statistically significant. There was little variation in C:P and N:P ratios as well. Mantel analyses revealed that differences between pairs of populations in elemental compositions of fish were not correlated with differences in the water chemistry. The differences between pairs of populations in the percentages of carbon and nitrogen in fish were strongly correlated with the pairwise differences in those variables in the periphyton, indicating that the elemental composition of the fish tracks that of its basal resource. The average values of <i>δ</i>¹³C in the fish populations were highly correlated with the average values of <i>δ</i>¹³C in the periphyton samples at those locations. Fish populations in springs, which experience less predation pressure and display higher population densities, occupied lower trophic positions than populations in lakes, which experience more predation pressure and exhibit lower population densities. The association between the elemental composition of fish and periphyton could be driven by either bottom-up or top-down effects. The constancy of elemental composition despite variation in trophic position contrasts with well-described patterns of interspecific variation. This might reflect the limited range of variation in trophic position among populations compared to the ranges observed in interspecific analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12518787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change and Human Activities on the Distribution of Five Fritillaria Species Using the Optimized Maxent Model","authors":"Yuanyuan Li,&nbsp;Qinghe Wang,&nbsp;Rong Ding,&nbsp;Xiaofen Liu,&nbsp;Sijing Liu,&nbsp;Jing Bai,&nbsp;Shuqi Niu,&nbsp;Jinlin Guo","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72305","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With climate change and the influence of human activities, species are likely to migrate or even go extinct. Five <i>Fritillaria</i> species, a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal plant, are rarer due to overharvesting. This study employed the Maxent model to identify suitable areas for the plant, determine key environmental factors, and project future shifts under three climate change scenarios. The analysis showed <i>F. przewalskii</i> and <i>F. delavayi</i> might migrate to higher elevations, while <i>F. taipaiensis</i> was expected to move to lower elevations. There were differences in the dominant environmental factors among different origins: <i>F. cirrhosa</i> (elevation, bio7, bio9, bio12, hfp); <i>F. unibracteata</i> (elevation, bio4, bio15, bio19, hfp); <i>F. przewalskii</i> (elevation, bio4, bio11, bio15, hfp); <i>F. delavayi</i> (elevation, bio3, bio18, hfp); <i>F. taipaiensis</i> (bio2, bio3, bio4, bio11, hfp). Under the SSP585 scenario, the suitable areas of <i>F. cirrhosa</i>, <i>F. przewalskii,</i> and <i>F. taipaiensis</i> were contracting, while those of <i>F. unibracteata</i> and <i>F. delavayi</i> were rising. Also, the centroids of <i>F. cirrhosa</i> and <i>F. przewalskii</i> shifted slightly northeastward, <i>F. unibracteata</i>'s shifted southward, and <i>F. delavayi</i> and <i>F. taipaiensis</i>'s shifted northwestward. These findings provide a foundation for the conservation, sustainable management, and cultivation of five <i>Fritillaria</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12518166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Light at Night Affects Larval Growth Without Altering Survival or Pupation in Spongy Moth (Lymantria dispar dispar)","authors":"Nicola van Koppenhagen,&nbsp;Martin M. Gossner,&nbsp;Michael Eisenring,&nbsp;Doris Schneider Mathis,&nbsp;Jörg Haller,&nbsp;Janine Bolliger","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72311","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt circadian rhythms in nocturnal insects, but its effects on immature stages remain understudied. However, this knowledge is crucial, as a change in the development of insects can have ecological and economic consequences. For example, the spongy moth (<i>Lymantria dispar dispar</i>), native to Europe and Asia, has become an invasive species in North America, causing extensive defoliation of trees in forests and urban landscapes. Therefore, we investigated how LED light color influences larval development and pupation in the spongy moth. Larvae were reared under three light conditions simulating outdoor lighting: (1) neutral white LED (3700 K), (2) amber LED (2200 K), and (3) a dark control (no light). Results showed no significant differences in larval survival, growth patterns, or pupal stage outcomes between treatments. However, larvae exposed to 3700 K light reached significantly higher body masses at the eighth instar than those exposed to 2200 K and tended to be heavier than the control caterpillars. This is accompanied by a consistently higher weight gain at 3700 K in all larval stages. These results suggest that ALAN can influence larval growth—a crucial factor for fitness and population dynamics. Understanding the effects of ALAN on fitness-related traits—especially in pest species like the spongy moth—is critical given the increasing prevalence of nighttime illumination.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12517357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabarcoding Close to Home: Songbird Nests as eDNA Aggregators for Trophic Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","authors":"John A. Kronenberger,&nbsp;Elise C. Zarri,&nbsp;Anna Noson,&nbsp;Taylor M. Wilcox","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72164","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling to monitor wildlife presence has mostly focused on water but increasingly includes soil, air, and creative biotic substrates like flowers and spiderwebs. Biotic substrates are unique in that they also provide insight into ecological interactions. Here we explore the ability of eDNA from songbird nests to reveal avian trophic ecology, such as nestling diet and nest predator identity, in addition to local insect biodiversity. Twenty-two nests comprising five New World sparrow species and two nonsparrow passerines were collected in a montane sagebrush steppe ecosystem shortly after confirmed nest predation events. A novel protocol was used to extract eDNA from whole nests, and each nest was sequenced twice—with and without a blocking oligonucleotide. The blocker was designed with alternating locked nucleic acids to specifically inhibit sparrow amplification and improve detection of rare species. A total of 126 species were detected, and the blocker proved highly effective, reducing sparrow reads ~100% with no discernable coblocking of nonsparrow passerines. Species richness in sparrow nests increased by 31% with the blocker when using a minimum read threshold of 10 copies. Most detected species were insects, including likely prey items and ectoparasites of nestling birds. Predators were detected in 36% of nests. We discuss the merits of this rich and unique data source and considerations for future implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12518783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Evolutionary Divergence in Genome-Wide MADS-Box Genes and Expression Profiles Between Toona ciliata and Toona sinensis","authors":"Xiao-Han Liu,&nbsp;Yu Xiao,&nbsp;Yan-Wen Lv,&nbsp;Zi-Yun Wang,&nbsp;Chao Wu,&nbsp;Hui Xie,&nbsp;Xin-Sheng Hu","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72328","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Toona ciliata</i> and <i>Toona sinensis</i>, two economically important timber species in China, exhibit interspecific variation in floral traits that are related to mating systems. The MADS-box genes play a crucial role in floral patterning of angiosperms. Here we identified 97 and 75 MADS-box genes at the genome scale in <i>T. ciliata</i> and <i>T. sinensis</i>, respectively, which were classified into Type I and Type II groups. Genes within the same subfamily exhibited high homology and conserved motifs. Promoter analysis revealed cis-acting elements related to growth, light response, hormone signaling, and stress response. Gene duplication was prevalent, with several genes undergoing multiple duplications. Most MADS-box genes were under purifying selection between <i>T. ciliata</i> and <i>T. sinensis</i>, while eight orthologous genes in the AGL32, Mβ, MIKC*, AG/STK, and AP1/FUL subfamilies were under weakly positive selection. Transcriptomic analysis showed high gene expression in SEP, AP1/FUL, AG/STK, PI, and AP3 subfamilies, highlighting their roles in floral development. A significantly negative correlation occurred between the evolutionary rate (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <mi>a</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {K}_a/{K}_s $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) and gene expression level of MADS-box genes, suggesting evolutionary constraints on highly expressed genes. TWAS (transcription-wide association study) indicated that some MADS-box genes were significantly associated with floral traits in <i>T. sinensis</i>. The overall findings provide insights into the roles of MADS-box gene family in evolving interspecific divergence in floral development between <i>T. ciliata</i> and <i>T. sinensis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12516090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Knowledge Systems and Perspectives to Inform Salmon Management and Research: A Kuskokwim River Case Study","authors":"Janessa Esquible,&nbsp;Avery Hoffman,&nbsp;Destiny Ropati,&nbsp;Brooke Woods,&nbsp;Jessica Black,&nbsp;Rachel Donkersloot,&nbsp;Mike Williams,&nbsp;Wilson Justin,&nbsp;Justin Leon,&nbsp;Carrie Stevens,&nbsp;Craig Chythlook,&nbsp;Tazia Wagner,&nbsp;Courtney Carothers","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this research, we bridge knowledge systems and perspectives from Indigenous and rural fishers alongside state and federal managers and biologists regarding the state of salmon management and research processes in the Kuskokwim Region of southwestern Alaska. The key objectives were to identify strategies to improve salmon management, document perspectives on Alaska Native inclusion in current management and research processes, and illustrate ways to develop more inclusive management processes and organizations. We also identify key opportunities and barriers to relationship building between Tribes and management agencies. Lastly, we explore perceptions of equity and equality and how research and management account for these dimensions. This was a two-component research project, with one component being primarily Indigenous-led and community-engaged, and the second component involving agency management and research staff. We carried out 28 semi-directed interviews with 45 Indigenous and community knowledge holders across five different communities from June 2019 to May 2022, in addition to 12 interviews with state and federal managers and researchers in 2023. Our study revealed both key differences and shared understandings between state, federal, and community perspectives regarding salmon management and research and around agency inclusion of Indigenous Knowledge systems and Tribal governments. Shared visions and solutions for improving salmon management in southwestern Alaska and elsewhere reflect a greater need for community and Indigenous empowerment and inclusion in fisheries management and research, in addition to increased relationship building and agency time spent in communities. A key recommendation arising from this study is that trust and respect are precursors to meaningfully bridging knowledge systems. Our team encourages further investigation of current power and resource disparities that prohibit equitable knowledge sharing in fisheries management and research, while identifying broad solutions for improving the current salmon management system given diverse sharing across Indigenous, federal, and state experts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12516086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Genomes of Three Species of the Family Camaenidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Structural Features, Codon Usage Patterns, and Phylogenetic Implications","authors":"Xing-Ming Ran,&nbsp;Hai-Yong He,&nbsp;Lin Yang,&nbsp;Jian-Kun Long,&nbsp;Zhi-Min Chang,&nbsp;Zhong Li,&nbsp;Junyi Gao,&nbsp;Xiang-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ece3.72282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes of three Camaenidae snail species (<i>Acusta ravida</i>, <i>Bradybaena similaris</i>, and <i>Trichobradybaena submissa</i>). Each mitogenome contained the typical 37 genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs), with most tRNAs forming clover structures (except trnK, trnH, trnN, trnS1, trnS2, and trnR). Comparative analysis with nine existing Camaenidae mitogenomes revealed: (1) The nucleotide composition of mitochondrial genes was significantly skewed toward A and T; (2) Most protein genes used ATN start codons and TAA/T- stop codons; (3) Synonymous codons ending with T/A were dominant. Analyses (PR2-plot, neutrality plot) indicated codon usage was influenced by both mutation pressure and natural selection. Phylogenetically, the three newly sequenced species clustered within Bradybaeninae of Camaenidae, consistent with previous classifications. The results support Hygromiidae and Geomitridae as sister groups and identify Polygyridae as the sister clade to Camaenidae. Additionally, they also partially support elevating Satsuma and its subgenus to subfamily status. This study enriches mitogenomic resources for Camaenidae and provides foundational data for future research on codon usage, adaptive evolution, and phylogenetics within this family.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12515985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}