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Assessing Patterns and Risk to Chilean Freshwater Fish Distributions Using Multi-Species Occupancy Models 利用多物种占用模型评估智利淡水鱼分布模式和风险
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71719
Erin E. Tracy, Evelyn Habit, Konrad Górski, Nann A. Fangue, Andrew L. Rypel
{"title":"Assessing Patterns and Risk to Chilean Freshwater Fish Distributions Using Multi-Species Occupancy Models","authors":"Erin E. Tracy,&nbsp;Evelyn Habit,&nbsp;Konrad Górski,&nbsp;Nann A. Fangue,&nbsp;Andrew L. Rypel","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71719","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To advance our understanding of freshwater biodiversity in data-limited systems, this study used multispecies occupancy models to predict species richness and individual species occupancy, providing critical insights for the conservation of these rapidly declining ecosystems. Chilean watersheds were chosen as the study system as they support a highly endemic and vulnerable assemblage of freshwater fishes in need of increased research and management. We tested several model types and ultimately pursued latent spatial multispecies occupancy models, which gained popularity in wildlife ecology, but are relatively underutilized in fisheries ecology. Advantages include simultaneously modeling multiple species to infer both species-specific and assemblage-level responses to hydro-geomorphological conditions while also accounting for imperfect species detections. Model results showed that fish species richness is primarily driven by negative relationships with elevation; however, individual species responses were variable across all environmental drivers. We present maps of predicted occupancies, representing niche model results for selected native and nonnative species. Finally, to put our results in the context of the rapid development in hydropower taking place throughout Chile, we analyzed predicted species richness and occupancy patterns in relation to aquatic ecosystem fragmentation risk from current and planned dams throughout Chile. Results showed a large number of dams are planned for the diverse lower elevation areas of the Biobio, Valdivia, and Puelo River Basins, highlighting the potential for negative impacts to the species that inhabit them. As over half the species modeled are currently listed as endangered, critically endangered, or data deficient by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), model outputs could aid in conservation planning. This approach not only enhances our ability to protect Chile's unique and vulnerable freshwater fish species but also provides a robust framework for integrating modeled ecological insights of data-limited systems into conservation planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overwintering and Resident Birds in Qatar: Explorations With DNA Barcoding 卡塔尔的越冬和留鸟:DNA条形码的探索
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71817
Emily Rebecca Alison Cramer, Kuei-Chiu Chen, Arild Johnsen
{"title":"Overwintering and Resident Birds in Qatar: Explorations With DNA Barcoding","authors":"Emily Rebecca Alison Cramer,&nbsp;Kuei-Chiu Chen,&nbsp;Arild Johnsen","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71817","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genetic research is unevenly distributed across the globe, with most research done in temperate zones. To better understand the birdlife in an under-represented, arid subtropical country, Qatar, we blood sampled birds and salvaged tissue from dead birds, then sequenced a mitochondrial marker (cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I, COI, the “DNA barcoding” gene). We chose the DNA barcoding gene because it has previously proven useful for preliminary explorations of evolutionary history. We obtained DNA barcodes for 115 birds (34 species, 12 orders). Our data suggest that the existing DNA barcode reference library, built largely from sampling in the Americas, Europe, and east Asia, is generally sufficient for species identification in Qatar. Based on DNA barcode similarity, Qatar provides overwintering habitat to some species with apparent strong migratory connectivity and others with weaker migratory connectivity. Among locally breeding species, we found no evidence of hybridization between House Sparrows <i>Passer domesticus</i> (<i>n</i> = 16 males) and Spanish Sparrows <i>P. hispaniolensis</i> (<i>n</i> = 14 males), breeding simultaneously and in the same habitats, although in other locations of range overlap, habitat segregation and timing of breeding are hypothesized to be the primary reproductive barrier between them. Our results highlight the benefits of expanding the geographic range of genetic and ecological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing Connectivity Thresholds Under Habitat Loss Scenarios for Threatened Amphibians and Squamate Reptiles in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon 巴西东部亚马逊地区濒危两栖动物和有鳞爬行动物栖息地丧失情景下的连通性阈值评估
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71741
Cássia Teixeira, Gisele Lopes Nunes, Leonardo Carreira Trevelin, Daniel Paiva Silva, Ana Lúcia da Costa Prudente
{"title":"Assessing Connectivity Thresholds Under Habitat Loss Scenarios for Threatened Amphibians and Squamate Reptiles in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Cássia Teixeira,&nbsp;Gisele Lopes Nunes,&nbsp;Leonardo Carreira Trevelin,&nbsp;Daniel Paiva Silva,&nbsp;Ana Lúcia da Costa Prudente","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71741","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extinction threshold hypothesis proposes a minimum of 30% habitat in a landscape to prevent isolation from affecting populations to local extinction. In this study, we tested scenarios of habitat loss in the landscape to evaluate whether the 30% habitat threshold is a good predictor of functional connectivity for 14 terrestrial herpetofauna species in eastern Brazilian Amazon landscapes. We evaluated functional connectivity across various habitat loss scenarios, utilizing species distribution models and landscape connectivity indices. We were able to demonstrate that below 32% habitat, overall regional connectivity in Southeastern Amazonia erodes, disturbing the ability of species to track environments within their climatic limits. However, species inhabiting montane savannahs in the region did not respond well to this 30% threshold and required the presence of sufficient areas to assess a possible decline. We also discovered that, when evaluated together, small patches in the landscape contributed to the integral connectivity of the study area and may demonstrate their importance as links between larger patches. Our results provide critical insights into the conservation needs of forest and montane savannah species, highlighting that while forest species adhere closely to a habitat threshold, montane savannah species require a different approach for conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Species and Phylogenetic Diversity of Woody Plants Shift With the Elevational Gradient in Subtropical Forests in South China 华南亚热带森林木本植物种类及系统发育多样性随海拔梯度的变化
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71761
Jing Li, Yinghua Luo, Feng Chen, Cong Hu, Chaohao Xu, Zhonghua Zhang, Gang Hu
{"title":"Species and Phylogenetic Diversity of Woody Plants Shift With the Elevational Gradient in Subtropical Forests in South China","authors":"Jing Li,&nbsp;Yinghua Luo,&nbsp;Feng Chen,&nbsp;Cong Hu,&nbsp;Chaohao Xu,&nbsp;Zhonghua Zhang,&nbsp;Gang Hu","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71761","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The distribution of biodiversity along elevational gradients and the drivers of these patterns are research hotspots in community ecology; nonetheless, these aspects remain insufficiently understood. To address this, we established 24 plots along an elevational gradient from 300 to 1400 m on Daming Mountain, Guangxi, China, and examined the patterns and drivers of species and phylogenetic diversity along this gradient via polynomial regression, generalized linear mixed model, correlation analysis, and redundancy analyses. With increasing elevation, species and phylogenetic diversity showed a hump-shaped trend, and the phylogenetic structures exhibited clustering at both low and high elevations, whereas at mid-elevations, a coexistence of clustered and overdispersed structures was observed. Elevation, soil nitrate nitrogen content, and slope collectively constituted the key environmental factors driving the spatial patterns of species diversity. Meanwhile, soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen contents had a decisive influence on phylogenetic diversity. These findings, which reveal the patterns of diversity of woody plant communities along an elevational gradient on Daming Mountain, will contribute to the development of biodiversity conservation strategies for the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Opposing Effects of Plant Invasion on the Stability of Aboveground and Belowground Net Primary Productivity in an Alpine Grassland 植物入侵对高寒草地地上、地下净初级生产力稳定性的拮抗作用
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71730
Qiu-Jie Ren, Kai-Hui Li, Heng-Fang Wang, Yan-Yan Liu, Yan-Ming Gong
{"title":"Opposing Effects of Plant Invasion on the Stability of Aboveground and Belowground Net Primary Productivity in an Alpine Grassland","authors":"Qiu-Jie Ren,&nbsp;Kai-Hui Li,&nbsp;Heng-Fang Wang,&nbsp;Yan-Yan Liu,&nbsp;Yan-Ming Gong","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71730","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant invasion significantly disrupts plant community structure and ecosystem functioning, especially the stability of net primary productivity (NPP). However, evidence remains scarce regarding how invasion affects NPP stability at both community and ecosystem levels, particularly whether these effects are consistent between aboveground and belowground systems. Here, we investigated the responses of the stability of both aboveground and belowground NPP (ANPP and BNPP) to the invasion of the parasitic plant <i>Pedicularis kansuensis</i>, based on a two-year manipulative experiment in an alpine grassland in northwest China. Invasion decreased ANPP resistance while increasing its recovery and conversely increased BNPP resistance but decreased its recovery. Notably, the asymmetric responses of ANPP and BNPP to invasion underscored the complexity of grassland ecosystems and highlighted the critical role of belowground processes in maintaining ecosystem recovery. Species asynchrony and richness were key factors for ANPP stability, whereas BNPP stability was more directly influenced by invasive species, contributing more significantly to overall NPP stability. Our findings provide crucial evidence that the stability of aboveground and belowground components responds asymmetrically to invasion, emphasizing the need for future comprehensive assessments of both dimensions in ecosystem studies. The insights gained underline the importance of belowground stability for sustaining ecosystem recovery and offer guidance for ecological management and conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling Functional Connectivity for Bears Among Spawning Salmon Waterways in Haíɫzaqv (Heiltsuk) Territory, Coastal British Columbia 不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海Haí l zaqv (Heiltsuk)领土鲑鱼产卵水道中熊的功能连通性建模
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71579
Ilona Mihalik, Mathieu Bourbonnais, William Housty, Kevin Starr, Paul Paquet, Chris Darimont
{"title":"Modeling Functional Connectivity for Bears Among Spawning Salmon Waterways in Haíɫzaqv (Heiltsuk) Territory, Coastal British Columbia","authors":"Ilona Mihalik,&nbsp;Mathieu Bourbonnais,&nbsp;William Housty,&nbsp;Kevin Starr,&nbsp;Paul Paquet,&nbsp;Chris Darimont","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71579","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding how functional connectivity can provide mobile consumers access to key resources can inform habitat management. The spatial arrangement of landscape features, for example, can affect movement among resource patches. Guided by the Haíɫzaqv (Heiltsuk) Integrated Resource Management Department (HIRMD), and within Haíɫzaqv Territory, coastal British Columbia (BC), Canada, our objectives were to (1) estimate functional connectivity for grizzly and black bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i> and <i>U. americanus</i>, respectively) among aggregations of spawning Pacific salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp.), (2) identify important movement pathways for landscape planning, and (3) contribute to the growing body of functional connectivity research on dynamic ecological systems. Using circuit theory and least cost paths, we predicted movement among salmon spawning reaches within a 5618 km<sup>2</sup> study area. Variables affecting bear movement were parameterized by drawing on the relevant literature and Haíɫzaqv Knowledge. We validated our cumulative resistance surface with observed movements as identified via genetic recapture data. Modeled current from Circuitscape suggested areas of high connectivity between salmon spawns within and among watersheds. Our least cost paths model identified principal routes, which we then ranked to illustrate possible corridors for consideration by HIRMD planners. Understanding movement among salmon spawns, a fitness-related food, provides key information to inform landscape planning for bears. Further, our work provides an example of connectivity research codeveloped, executed, and applied with an Indigenous government.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automated Detection of Gibbon Calls From Passive Acoustic Monitoring Data Using Convolutional Neural Networks in the “Torch for R” Ecosystem 基于卷积神经网络的被动声监测数据中长臂猿叫声的自动检测
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71678
Dena J. Clink, Jinsung Kim, Hope Cross-Jaya, Abdul Hamid Ahmad, Moeurk Hong, Roeun Sala, Hélène Birot, Cain Agger, Thinh Tien Vu, Hoa Nguyen Thi, Thanh Nguyen Chi, Holger Klinck
{"title":"Automated Detection of Gibbon Calls From Passive Acoustic Monitoring Data Using Convolutional Neural Networks in the “Torch for R” Ecosystem","authors":"Dena J. Clink,&nbsp;Jinsung Kim,&nbsp;Hope Cross-Jaya,&nbsp;Abdul Hamid Ahmad,&nbsp;Moeurk Hong,&nbsp;Roeun Sala,&nbsp;Hélène Birot,&nbsp;Cain Agger,&nbsp;Thinh Tien Vu,&nbsp;Hoa Nguyen Thi,&nbsp;Thanh Nguyen Chi,&nbsp;Holger Klinck","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Automated detection of acoustic signals is crucial for effective monitoring of sound-producing animals and their habitats across ecologically relevant spatial and temporal scales. Recent advances in deep learning have made these approaches more accessible. However, few deep learning approaches can be implemented natively in the R programming environment; approaches that run natively in R may be more accessible for ecologists. The “torch for R” ecosystem has made deep learning with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) accessible for R users. Here, we evaluate a workflow for the automated detection and classification of acoustic signals from passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) data. Our specific goals include (1) present a method for automated detection of gibbon calls from PAM data using the “torch for R” ecosystem, (2) conduct a series of benchmarking experiments and compare the results of six CNN architectures; and (3) investigate how well the different architectures perform on data sets of the female calls from two different gibbon species: the northern gray gibbon (<i>Hylobates funereus</i>) and the southern yellow-cheeked crested gibbon (<i>Nomascus gabriellae</i>). We found that the highest-performing architecture depended on the species and test data set. We successfully deployed the top-performing model for each gibbon species to investigate spatial variation in gibbon calling behavior across two grids of autonomous recording units in Danum Valley Conservation Area, Malaysia and Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary, Cambodia. The fields of deep learning and automated detection are rapidly evolving, and we provide the methods and data sets as benchmarks for future work.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Growth Rate Variation in Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis): An Invasive Species of Conservation Concern 褐树蛇(Boiga irregularis)的生长速率变化:一种值得保护的入侵物种
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71695
Björn Lardner, Brian S. Cade, Julie A. Savidge, Gordon H. Rodda, Robert N. Reed, Amy A. Yackel Adams
{"title":"Growth Rate Variation in Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis): An Invasive Species of Conservation Concern","authors":"Björn Lardner,&nbsp;Brian S. Cade,&nbsp;Julie A. Savidge,&nbsp;Gordon H. Rodda,&nbsp;Robert N. Reed,&nbsp;Amy A. Yackel Adams","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71695","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Somatic growth rate is a fundamental trait that influences metabolism, lifespan and reproductive maturity and is critical for understanding population dynamics and informing management actions. Brown Treesnakes (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>) introduced to Guam are highly invasive and can reproduce year-round without discrete cohorts. We compared snake size trajectories described by the conventionally used von Bertalanffy growth function versus the Gompertz model. Using quantile regression with a regularized effect for individual snakes we modeled growth rates of 270 marked, wild snakes as a function of size. The Gompertz model explained more of the variation in growth and rendered more realistic predictions of asymptotic sizes than did the von Bertalanffy model. With the Gompertz model, growth rates were 1.05–1.16× faster in males than in females. Females reached asymptotic sizes at shorter snout-vent lengths than males. Growth rate was positively correlated with amount of precipitation, and modeling wet-dry seasonality on Guam as a sinusoidal function identified a growth peak in September—October. Effects of seasonality and precipitation, however, were minor compared to individual and sex related differences in size-adjusted growth rates. We estimated that the 50th (and 5th, 95th) growth-rate percentile males in our study population become sexually mature at an age of 33 (∞, 15) months, while females mature at 41 (∞, 18) months, where ∞ indicates that the slowest growing snakes never reach maturity. However, 50% of the snakes mature at a size below the median, and age at maturity may be as low as 10.4 (males) and 13.7 (females) months for average-sized hatchlings that grow fast. Our results have implications for the timing of management options for this species and our approach can be broadly applied to animals where repeated growth data are obtained and age is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatio-Temporal Variation in Diet Among Age and Sex Cohorts of a Model Generalist Bird Species, the Great Tit Parus major: New Insights Revealed by DNA Metabarcoding 一种典型的多面手鸟类——大山雀(Great Tit Parus major)年龄和性别群体饮食的时空变化:DNA元条形码揭示的新见解
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71565
J. R. Coomes, J. P. Cuff, M. S. Reichert, G. L. Davidson, W. O. C. Symondson, J. L. Quinn
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Variation in Diet Among Age and Sex Cohorts of a Model Generalist Bird Species, the Great Tit Parus major: New Insights Revealed by DNA Metabarcoding","authors":"J. R. Coomes,&nbsp;J. P. Cuff,&nbsp;M. S. Reichert,&nbsp;G. L. Davidson,&nbsp;W. O. C. Symondson,&nbsp;J. L. Quinn","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71565","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dietary variation among cohorts can have a major impact on how populations adapt to environmental variation. Although variation in diet between cohorts and across habitats has been studied in many taxa, this is not true for most birds, especially smaller generalist passerines whose feeding habits are predominantly cryptic. Here we used DNA metabarcoding with next-generation sequencing to assess spatio-temporal dietary variation among age and sex cohorts of the great tit <i>Parus major</i>, a model species in avian ecology. Most dietary species were rare but nevertheless collectively made up 30% of the diet, as expected of a generalist. Winter moth <i>Operophtera brumata</i>, a major focus in tit breeding phenology research, was the most prevalent dietary item, but the next ten most prevalent Lepidopterans were collectively four times more important. There was considerable variation in dietary richness and composition among seasons and years. In winter, natural plant and invertebrate species were extensively represented in the diet, despite the constant availability of supplemental food. Diet composition varied with woodland type: in conifer woodlands, birds fed on species adapted to conifer plantations, as expected, but they also fed on many species adapted to deciduous species. In winter, birds in conifers used peanut feeders more than they did in mixed woodlands where beech was more prevalent in the diet. In winter, first-year birds consumed more invertebrate species than adults, presumably because they were less selective, and beech (<i>Fagus</i>) was almost twice as prevalent in first-year diet. Our results suggest considerable spatio-temporal variation in diet and variation among cohorts, and provide insight into the diet of a key model species in avian ecology. Such variation is rarely considered even though it is likely to have important consequences for our understanding of how populations respond to environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.71565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Substantial Genetic Differentiation Within and Between Populations of the European Adder (Vipera berus) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany 德国巴登-符腾堡州欧洲蝰蛇(Vipera berus)种群内和种群间的遗传分化
IF 2.3 2区 生物学
Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71644
P. Lennart Schmid, Judith Grünewald, Marc I. Förschler, Eva Maria Griebeler
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