Drug Delivery and Translational Research最新文献

{"title":"Injectable sustained local release doxorubicin depot technology- a promising adjuvant to systemic treatment?","authors":"Andrea René Jørgensen, Anders Elias Hansen, Jonas Rosager Henriksen, Maiken Stilling, Hans Christian Rasmussen, Johanne Gade Lilleøre, Magnus Andreas Hvistendahl, Josefine Slater, Elizabeth Serrano-Chávez, Jakob Hansen, Mats Bue","doi":"10.1007/s13346-025-01841-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-025-01841-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug depot technologies that release chemotherapeutics locally in cancerous tissues present an intriguing strategy. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, delivery capacity, and therapeutic efficacy of a thin needle injectable doxorubicin-loaded carbohydrate-ester-based (CarboCell) depot technology. CarboCell was evaluated in three experimental setups: (A) In non-tumorous mice, release kinetics were evaluated 24 h and 48 h after a subcutaneous depot injection. (B) In mice with syngeneic CT 26 colorectal cancer, efficacy was evaluated based on tumour growth control and survival. This was done by two intratumoral injections of 50 µl CarboCell containing 1 mg/mL or 4 mg/mL doxorubicin at 5 days intervals. (C) In ten female pigs, local and distant release of doxorubicin from a 2 mg/mL doxorubicin CarboCell (2 or 4 mL) injected into tibial metaphysis was evaluated using microdialysis in nine tissue compartments. (A) Subcutaneous CarboCell depots demonstrated a sustained release of doxorubicin with (mean ± SEM) 36 ± 13% and 48 ± 20% of the loaded dose being released at 24 h and 48 h time points, respectively. (B) Intratumoral injection effectively controlled tumour growth and markedly extended the median survival time compared to the control group. (C) Doxorubicin peak drug concentrations in the metaphysis were > 0.3 µg/mL and could be quantified at least 10 mm from the application site. The systemic spill-over was minimal. Doxorubicin-loaded CarboCell proved easily administrable, maintaining antitumoral activity, good metaphyseal distribution and providing much higher local concentrations in metaphyseal bone providing high local concentrations in metaphyseal bone with a good distribution and limited systemic exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PSD-95 inhibitor NA-1 is delivered to the brain upon nasal administration with uptake into the olfactory bulb improved by co-administration with the cell-penetrating peptides lowPro and Tat.","authors":"Solveig Elle Schmidt, Gunhild Joensen, Camilla Sandbjerg, Maria Thaysen, Bente Gammelgaard, Katharina Schindowski, Mie Kristensen","doi":"10.1007/s13346-025-01842-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-025-01842-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke affects millions of people annually with limited treatment options targeting excitotoxicity, a major cause of cognitive impairment. The PSD-95 inhibitor NA-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective potential, but its efficacy via intravenous administration is hindered by broad systemic distribution, reduced brain exposure, and interaction with thrombolytic agents like alteplase. This study explores the potential of nasal administration as an alternative delivery route to enhance brain uptake and reduce systemic off-target effects of NA-1. A porcine primary olfactory model was exploited to evaluate NA-1 permeability and the impact of co-administration with the cell-penetrating peptides Tat, LowPro, and PenShuf. NA-1 alone permeated the model to a greater extent than a similar sized model dextran compound, with PenShuf improving NA-1 permeability but compromising barrier integrity in vitro. In vivo, nasal administration to mice achieved brain uptake of NA-1, particularly in the olfactory bulb, with co-administration of Tat and LowPro enhancing olfactory bulb delivery. Compared to intravenously administered NA-1, nasal delivery resulted in significantly lower off-target tissue distribution. These findings highlight nasal administration as a qualified alternative for NA-1 delivery, with potential to bypass the limitations of intravenous administration and enable concurrent use with alteplase during acute ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviate lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through miRNA-335/ SIRT3 pathway.","authors":"Bing Zhang, Chao Meng, Lini Quan, Le Duan, Jiyu Kang, Huacheng Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s13346-025-01844-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-025-01844-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a clinically challenging problem. Exosomes (EXOs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EXOs) can alleviate multiple organs IRI, but few reports on lung IRI. MiRNA-335 is a kind of miRNA in EXOs, which was also shown protective effects on lung IRI. This study hypothesizes that BMSC-EXOs might alleviate lung IRI through miRNA-335, and further to explore its mechanism. The Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into sham, IRI, phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and EXO groups (n = 6). In the sham group, rats were underwent anesthesia without IRI model establishment. In the IRI, PBS, and EXO groups, rats were established lung IRI model and with no treatment, 30 µl PBS, or 20 µg EXOs (in 30 µl PBS), respectively. The miRNA-335 inhibitor and miRNA-335 mimic processed EXOs were also given to observe the effects of miRNA-335. The oxidative index, lung static compliance, inflammation response, oxidative stress injury, apoptosis, and mitochondrial were observed. The expression of miRNA-335 and silent matching type information regulation 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) were also detected. The oxidative index, lung static compliance, inflammation response, oxidative stress injury, apoptosis, and mitochondrial injury were significantly deteriorated in the IRI group compared with those in the sham group, while those indicators have significantly improved in the EXO group, and the miRNA-335 and SIRT3 expressions increased (P < 0.05). And the miRNA-335 inhibitor processed EXOs suppressed the SIRT3 expression significantly, but the miRNA-335 mimic processed EXOs enhanced the SIRT3 expression significantly (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BMSC-EXOs maintained mitochondrial structural stability, and alleviated rat lung IRI by inhibiting lung inflammation, oxidative stress injury, and apoptosis, improved lung oxygenation capacity and static compliance, which might be achieved through the miRNA335/SIRT3 pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-acting parenteral formulations of hydrophilic drugs, proteins, and peptide therapeutics: mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic benefits with a focus on technologies.","authors":"Deepa D Nakmode, Baljinder Singh, Sadikalmahdi Abdella, Yunmei Song, Sanjay Garg","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01747-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01747-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite being the most widely prescribed formulation, oral formulations possess several limitations such as low adherence, low bioavailability, high toxicity (in the case of anticancer drugs), and multiple-time administration requirements. All these limitations can be overcome by long-acting injectables. Improved adherence, patient compliance, and reduced relapse have been observed with long-acting formulation which has increased the demand for long-acting injectables. Drugs or peptide molecules with oral bioavailability issues can be easily delivered by long-acting systems. This review comprehensively addresses the various technologies used to develop long-acting injections with a particular focus on hydrophilic drugs and large molecules as well as the factors affecting the choice of formulation strategy. This is the first review that discusses the possible technologies that can be used for developing long-acting formulations for hydrophilic molecules along with factors which will affect the choice of the technology. Furthermore, the mechanism of drug release as well as summaries of marketed formulations will be presented. This review also discusses the challenges associated with the manufacturing and scale-up of the long-acting injectables.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1156-1180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The topical application of Sphistin_12-38 in combination with sponge spicules for the acne treatment.","authors":"Weiyi He, Chi Zhang, Huijung Lai, Guopeng Wu, Ming Xiong, Hui Peng, Ming Chen, Ke-Jian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01687-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01687-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrated for the first time that a marine-derived antimicrobial peptide (AMP), Sph_12-38, exhibit high antimicrobial activity against P. acnes with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value of 7 μM. Meanwhile, Sph_12-38 has no significant cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes (HKs) at its high concentration (33.5 μM). The topical application of sponge Haliclona sp. spicules (SHS) dramatically enhanced the skin penetration of Sph_12-38 up to 40.9 ± 5.9% (p < 0.01), which was 6.1 ± 0.9-fold higher than that of Sph_12-38 alone. Further, SHS resulted in the accumulation of most Sph_12-38 in viable epidermis and dermis. Further, the combined use of Sph_12-38 and SHS resulted in a cure rate of 100% for rabbit ear acne treatment in vivo for two weeks, while the one induced by other groups was 40%, 0% and 0% for SHS alone, Sph_12-38 alone and control group, respectively. The strategy of combined using AMP and SHS can also be applied in a rational designed topical delivery system for the management of other deep infection of the skin. The effectiveness of SHS by itself on the treatment of acne was also demonstrated by clinical trials. After 14 days of treatment by 1% SHS gel. The number of skin lesions decreased by 51.4%.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1411-1423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry powder formulations of hyperimmune serum.","authors":"Annalisa Bianchera, Gaetano Donofrio, Fabio Sonvico, Ruggero Bettini","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01678-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01678-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective strategies against the spread of respiratory viruses are needed, as tragically demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Apart from vaccines, other preventive or protective measures are necessary: one promising strategy involves the nasal delivery of preventive or protective agents, targeting the site of initial infection. Harnessing the immune system's ability to produce specific antibodies, a hyperimmune serum, collected from an individual vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, was formulated as a dry powder for nasal administration. The selection of adequate excipients and process are key to maintaining protein stability and modulating the aerodynamic properties of the powders for reaching the desired respiratory regions. To this end, a hyperimmune serum was formulated with trehalose and mannitol as bulking agents during spray drying, then the ability of the redissolved immunoglobulins to bind Spike protein was verified by ELISA; foetal bovine serum was formulated in the same conditions as a reference. Moreover, a seroneutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses generated from different variants of concern was performed. The neutralizing ability of the serum was slightly reduced with respect to the starting serum when trehalose was used as a bulking agent. The powders were loaded in hypromellose capsules and aerosolized employing a nasal insufflator in an in vitro model of the nasal cavity connected to a Next Generation Impactor. The analysis of the powder distribution confirmed that all powders were inhalable and could target, at the same time, the upper and the lower airways. This is a preliminary proof-of-concept that this approach can constitute an effective strategy to provide broad coverage and protection against SARS-CoV-2, and in general against viruses affecting the airway. According to blood availability from donors, pools of hyperimmune sera could be rapidly formulated and administered, providing a simultaneous and timely neutralization of emerging viral variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1330-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoemulsion and nanoemulgel-based carriers as advanced delivery tools for the treatment of oral diseases.","authors":"Deepali Kumari, Varnita Karmakar, Sreenivas Patro Sisinthy, Manisha Pandey, Neha Jain, Bapi Gorain","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01735-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01735-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral diseases rank among the most widespread ailments worldwide posing significant global health and economic challenges affecting around 3.5 billion people, impacting the quality of life for affected individuals. Dental caries, periodontal disease, bacterial and fungal infections, tooth loss and oral malignancies are among the most prevalent global clinical disorders contributing to oral health burden. Traditional treatments for oral diseases often face challenges such as poor drug bioavailability, breakdown of medication in saliva, inconsistent antibiotic levels at the site of periodontal infection as well as higher side effects. However, the emergence of nanoemulgel (NEG) as an innovative drug delivery system offers promising solutions where NEG combines the advantages of both nanoemulsions (NEs) and hydrogels providing improved drug solubility, stability, and targeted delivery. Due to their minuscule size and ability to control drug release, NEGs hold promise for improving treatment of oral diseases, where versatility of these delivery systems makes them suitable for various applications, including topical delivery in dentistry. This review concisely outlines the anatomy of the oral environment and investigates the therapeutic potential of NE-based gels in oral disorder treatment. It thoroughly examines the challenges of drug delivery in the oral cavity and proposes strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy, drawing attention to previous research reports for comparison. Through comprehensive analysis, the review highlights the promising role of NEGs as a novel therapeutic approach for oral health management via research advancements and their clinical translation. Additionally, it provides valuable insights into future research directions and development opportunities in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1139-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan membranes incorporating Aloe vera glycolic extract with joint synthesis of silver nanoparticles for the treatment of skin lesions.","authors":"Venâncio A Amaral, Victoria L Santana, Erika S Lisboa, Fredrico S Martins, Marco V Chaud, Ricardo L C de Albuquerque-Júnior, Wanessa Santana, Cochiran Santos, Adriana de Jesus Santos, Juliana C Cardoso, Eliana B Souto, Patrícia Severino","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01683-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01683-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New wound dressings based on polymeric membranes have been widely exploited for clinical applications to assist in the healing process and prevent additional complications (e.g., bacterial infections). Here we propose the development of a new production method of polymeric membranes based on chitosan, incorporating glycolic extract of Aloe vera with joint synthesis of silver nanoparticles for use as a new bioactive dressing. The membranes were obtained by casting technique, and their morphological, physicochemical characteristics, degree of swelling, degradation profile and antimicrobial activity evaluated. Morphological analyzes confirmed the synthesis and presence of silver nanoparticles in the polymeric membrane. The chemical compatibility between the materials was demonstrated through thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) combined with ATR-FTIR tests, showing the complexation of the membranes (Mb-Ch-Ex.Av-NPs). All membranes were characterized as hydrophilic material (with a contact angle (ө) < 90°); however, the highest degree of swelling was obtained for the chitosan. (Mb-Ch) membrane (69.91 ± 5.75%) and the lowest for Mb-Ch-Ex.Av-NPs (26.62 ± 8.93%). On the other hand, the degradation profile was higher for Mb-Ch-Ex.Av-NPs (77.85 ± 7.51%) and lower for Mb-Ch (57.60 ± 2.29%). The manufactured bioactive dressings showed activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Our work confirmed the development of translucent and flexible chitosan-based membranes, incorporating Aloe vera glycolic extract with joint synthesis of silver nanoparticles for use as a new bioactive dressing, with proven antimicrobial activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1376-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan/carbomer nanoparticles- laden in situ gel for improved ocular delivery of timolol: in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo study.","authors":"Nadereh Rahbar, Sarah Darvish, Fereydoun Farrahi, Maryam Kouchak","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01663-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01663-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the small capacity of the eye cavity and the rapid drainage of liquid into the nasolacrimal duct, patients must frequently administer the drops. Nanoparticles (NPs) and in situ gel systems have each proven their ability to achieve eye retention independently. In this study, timolol-loaded chitosan-carbomer NPs were prepared using the polyelectrolyte complexation method, and incorporated into a pH-responsive in situ gel system made of carbomer. The rheological behavior of NPs-laden in situ gel was examined at room and physiological conditions. Characteristics such as zeta potential, surface tension, refractive index, mucoadhesive properties, drug release, transcorneal permeability, and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) lowering activity were investigated on NPS and NPs-laden in situ gel formulations. The optimum gained NPs system had an encapsulation efficiency of about 69% with a particle size of 196 nm. The zeta potential of the NP and NPs-laden in situ gel were - 16 and + 11 mV respectively. NPs-laden in situ gel presented enhanced viscosity at physiological pH. All physicochemical properties were acceptable for both formulations. NPs and NPs-laden in situ gel systems proved to sustain drug release. They showed mucoadhesive properties which were greater for NPs-laden in situ gel. IOP reduction by NPs-laden in situ gel was significantly higher and more long-lasting than the timolol solution and NPs. In conclusion, the developed NPs-laden in situ gel is a promising carrier for ocular drug delivery due to the slow release of drug from nanoparticles, its mucoadhesive properties, and high viscosity acquisition in contact with precorneal film, which lead to improved therapeutic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1210-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingerol-zinc complex loaded 3D-printed calcium phosphate for controlled release application.","authors":"Vishal Sharad Chaudhari, Bryson White, Aditi Dahiya, Susmita Bose","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01677-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01677-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The therapeutic potential of natural medicines in treating bone disorders is well-established. Modifications in formulation or molecular structure can enhance their efficacy. Gingerol, an osteogenic active compound derived from ginger roots (Zingiber officinale), can form metal ion complexes. Zinc (Zn), a trace element that combats bacterial infections and promotes osteoblast proliferation, can be complexed with gingerol to form a G-Zn⁺² complex. This study investigates a porous 3D-printed (3DP) calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffold loaded with the G-Zn⁺² complex for drug release and cellular interactions. The scaffold is coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) to control the drug release. Diffusion-mediated kinetics results in 50% release of the G-Zn⁺² complex over 6 weeks. The G-Zn⁺² complex demonstrates cytotoxicity against MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, indicated by the formation of apoptotic bodies and ruptured cell morphology on the scaffolds. G-Zn⁺² PCL-coated scaffolds show a 1.2 ± 0.1-fold increase in osteoblast cell viability, and an 11.6 ± 0.5% increase in  alkaline phosphatase compared to untreated scaffolds. Treated scaffolds also exhibit reduced bacterial colonization against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, highlighting the antibacterial potential of the G-Zn⁺² complex. The functionalized 3DP CaP scaffold with the G-Zn⁺² complex shows significant potential for enhancing bone regeneration and preventing infections in low-load-bearing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1317-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}