Drug Delivery and Translational Research最新文献

{"title":"Gemcitabine-loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolide) - poly (ethylene glycol) gold nanoparticles: Evaluating the effect of fabricating methods on physicochemical characteristics, in vitro drug release and cytotoxicity.","authors":"Adibah Shakri, Khairunnisa Mohd Paad, Norazalina Saad, Izzat Fahimuddin Mohamed Suffian","doi":"10.1007/s13346-025-01884-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-025-01884-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are defined as a combination of organic and inorganic materials used as nanocarriers in the drug delivery system to enhance the performance of the drugs. Methods to fabricate the hybrid AuNPs such as double emulsion and nanoprecipitation require several steps and are inconsistent in their physicochemical characteristics limiting their application in drug delivery. The electrospray method has become a powerful tool for fabricating nanoparticles due to its simplicity, rapidity and consistency. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the performance of hybrid AuNPs prepared by two different methods; double emulsion and electrospray including the physicochemical characteristics, drug release profile and in vitro cytotoxicity. Hybrid AuNPs were prepared using double emulsion and electrospray methods. Then, the formed particles' hydrodynamic size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential were characterised using a Zetasizer Nano ZS. Furthermore, the drug release kinetics and cytotoxicity effects were evaluated using the dialysis method and the MTT assay. Hybrid AuNPs formed by the electrospray method (HAES) exhibit smaller particle sizes at 147.00 ± 10.4 nm with a PDI value of 0.35 ± 0.01 and zeta potential of -31.5 ± 2.6 compared to hybrid AuNPs formed using double emulsion methods (HADE) which exhibit larger particle sizes of 287.47 ± 1.87 nm with PDI value of 0.25 ± 0.09 and zeta potential of -23.30 ± 0.6. This study suggests that HAES prevent burst effects during drug release due to polymer composition changes under different temperatures that can enhance the drug delivery system. From the MTT assay, at 50 mg mL^-1, the HAES exert higher toxicity effects of 50% compared to HADE due to different physicochemical characteristics and drug release patterns. These findings emphasise the advantage of the electrospray method in fabricating polymeric gold hybrid nanoparticles by forming smaller particle sizes, stable formulation, and higher toxicity to cancer cells compared to particle synthesis by the double emulsion method.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical delivery of baricitinib-impregnated nanoemulgel: a promising platform for inhibition of JAK -STAT pathway for the effective management of atopic dermatitis.","authors":"Shweta Nene, Geetanjali Devabattula, Ganesh Vambhurkar, Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena, Dharmendra Kumar Khatri, Chandraiah Godugu, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Saurabh Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01732-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01732-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baricitinib, an inhibitor of Janus kinase 1/2 receptors majorly involved in the dysregulation of immune responses in atopic dermatitis, is currently approved for managing atopic dermatitis in Europe. The delivery of baricitinib through oral route is associated to several adverse effects due to off-target effects. Therefore, the current study is aimed at formulation of baricitinib loaded nanoemulgel for evaluation of topical delivery potential in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The baricitinib-loaded nanoemulsions (0.05 and 0.1% w/w) revealed an average globule size of 162.86 ± 0.37 and 173.66 ± 4.88 nm respectively with narrow PDI. The optimized batch of baricitinib nanoemulsion was converted to nanoemulgel by the addition of the mixture of gel bases SEPINEO™ DERM and SEPINEO™ P 600 along with propylene glycol, resulting in pseudoplastic shear thinning behaviour. The optimized nanoemulgels have shown prominent retention of baricitinib in the skin along with permeation. The skin distribution study of coumarin-6 loaded nanoemulgel demonstrated high fluorescence in the epidermal layer. The western blot analysis revealed significant inhibition of phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcriptions 1 (##p < 0.01) and 3 (#p < 0.05) by application of 0.05 and 0.1% baricitinib nanoemulgel. The baricitinib nanoemulgels have shown anti-inflammatory activity by significantly reducing expressions of various inflammatory markers. Histopathological analysis of skin tissues treated with baricitinib nanoemulgel has demonstrated a marked reduction in acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and intact outer epidermis. These results supported the potential role of baricitinib-loaded nanoemulgel in reducing the inflammation and disease severity associated with atopic dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"2200-2219"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging trends in long-acting sustained drug delivery for glaucoma management.","authors":"Yin Ho So, Deepakkumar Mishra, Sandip Gite, Rahul Sonawane, David Waite, Rahamatullah Shaikh, Lalitkumar K Vora, Raghu Raj Singh Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01779-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01779-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy in which progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve leads to irreversible visual loss. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. The pathogenesis of glaucoma is determined by different pathogenetic mechanisms, including increased intraocular pressure, mechanical stress, excitotoxicity, resistance to aqueous drainage and oxidative stress. Topical formulations are often used in glaucoma treatment, whereas surgical measures are used in acute glaucoma cases. For most patients, long-term glaucoma treatments are given. Poor patient compliance and low bioavailability are often associated with topical therapy, which suggests that sustained-release, long-acting drug delivery systems could be beneficial in managing glaucoma. This review summarizes the eye's physiology, the pathogenesis of glaucoma, current treatments, including both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, and recent advances in long-acting drug delivery systems for the treatment of glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1907-1934"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative landscapes in intraperitoneal therapy of ovarian cancer.","authors":"Krishna Pradeep Kumar, Maneesha Madhusoodanan, Meghna Pangath, Deepthy Menon","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01765-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01765-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy, characterized by high mortality rates due to its late-stage diagnosis and frequent recurrence. The current standard of care for ovarian cancer is a combination of debulking surgery followed by the conventional mode of chemotherapy. Despite significant advances in therapeutic modalities, the overall survival rate of EOC continues to be poor, mainly because low concentrations of the chemotherapeutics reach the peritoneum, which is the primary site of ovarian cancer, leading to disease relapse. Here, intraperitoneal chemotherapy gains advantage due to its ability to deliver the drug molecules directly to the peritoneal cavity and provide localized and sustained effects. This is facilitated by the use of diverse kinds of nano or micron sized delivery systems, which help in transporting drugs, vaccines, antibodies and genes appropriately to the peritoneum for its desired function. This review article delves on how intraperitoneal delivery impacts the therapy of epithelial ovarian cancer spanning the conventional therapeutic modes to the recent nanoinnovations in chemotherapy, immunotherapy and gene therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1877-1906"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted lipid nanoparticles to prevent trans-placental passage in the ex vivo human placental cotyledon perfusion model.","authors":"Caren van Kammen, Hedwig van Hove, Dimitrios Kapsokalyvas, Rick Greupink, Raymond Schiffelers, Titia Lely, Fieke Terstappen","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01715-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01715-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medication use during pregnancy poses risks to both the mother and the fetus. These risks include an elevated potential for fetotoxicity due to placental drug transport. Nanomedicines offer a promising solution by potentially preventing trans-placental passage. Targeted nanomedicines could enhance safety and efficacy in treating maternal or placental pathophysiology. Our study investigates placental transfer kinetics of targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in an ex vivo human placenta cotyledon perfusion model. We collected human placentas for dual-side ex vivo placental perfusions. Targeted LNPs with a fluorescence tag were introduced into the maternal circuit of each placenta. To establish if there was trans-placental passage of LNPs to the fetal circuit, we collected samples from maternal and fetal circuits throughout the six hours of the perfusion. We determined the fluorescence signal using a multi-mode microplate reader and Multiphoton microscopy to localize the LNPs in the placenta tissue. Data from perfused placenta tissue showed no significant transfer of the fluorescently labeled LNPs across the placental barrier to the fetal circuit. Localization of targeted LNPs in tissue samples is mainly observed in the maternal blood space of the placenta. Our results suggest that targeted LNPs present a promising strategic approach to prevent trans-placental passage to the fetus. Our future perspectives involve investigating the efficacy of targeted LNPs as well as loading targeted LNPs with nucleic acid-based therapeutics to investigate their therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1985-1993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of self-emulsifying oral delivery systems for semaglutide: reverse micelles versus hydrophobic ion pairs.","authors":"Matthias Sandmeier, Fabrizio Ricci, Dennis To, Sera Lindner, Daniel Stengel, Michaela Schifferle, Saadet Koz, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01729-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01729-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was the aim of this study to evaluate the potential of reverse micelles (RM) and hydrophobic ion pairs (HIP) for incorporation of semaglutide into self-emulsifying oral drug delivery systems. Reverse micelles loaded with semaglutide were formed with a cationic (ethyl lauroyl arginate, ELA) and an anionic surfactant (docusate, DOC), whereas HIP were formed between semaglutide and ELA. Maximum solubility of the peptide and the rate of dissolution was evaluated in various lipophilic phases (glycerol monocaprylocaprate:caprylic acid 1:4 (m/m), glycerol monolinoleate:caprylic acid 1:4 (m/m) and glycerol monocaprylocaprate:glycerol monolinoleate 1:4 (m/m)). Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) loaded with RM and HIP were characterized regarding size distribution, zeta potential, cytocompatibility and Caco-2 permeability. Droplet sizes between 50 and 300 nm with polydispersity index (PDI) around 0.3 and zeta potentials between - 45 mV (RM_DOC) and 36 mV (RM_ELA) were obtained. RM provided an almost 2-fold higher lipophilicity of semaglutide than HIP resulting in a 4.2-fold higher payload of SEDDS compared to HIP. SEDDS containing RM or HIP showed high cytocompatibilities with a cell survival above 75% for concentrations up to 0.1% on Caco-2 cells and acceptable hemolytic activity. Permeation studies across Caco-2 monolayer revealed an at least 2-fold increase in permeability of semaglutide for the developed formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"2146-2161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of FK506-loaded maleimide-functionalized cationic niosomes for prolonged retention and therapeutic efficacy in dry eye disease.","authors":"Zhixin Guo, Yutong Song, Zhihong Liu, Jiansheng Dai, Zhenzhen Chen, Xianquan Feng, Wenhao Gao, Lingjun Zeng, Hongtao Song","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01726-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01726-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tacrolimus (FK506) is widely used in ocular diseases such as corneal transplantation-host disease, uveitis, conjunctivitis, and dry eye disease (DED). However, its low aqueous solubility and poor ocular retention pose challenges for its application in the eye diseases. This study developed a novel FK506-loaded maleimide-functionalized cationic niosomes (FK506 M-CNS), aiming to prolong the retention time of FK506 in the eye and enhance its therapeutic efficacy. FK506 M-CNS had a particle size of 87.69 ± 1.05 nm and zeta potential of 22.06 ± 1.01 mV. Results of histological evaluation through H&E staining and in vitro cytotoxicity of human corneal epithelial cells consistently revealed the excellent biocompatibility of FK506 M-CNS. FK506 M-CNS exhibited superior ocular retention compared to the market product Talymus^®. FK506 M-CNS significantly alleviated the symptoms of DED and promoted the recovery of corneal epithelia. FK506 M-CNS group had the lowest expression levels of inflammatory factors associated with DED. These superiorities might be due to the electrostatic interaction between cationic niosomes and negatively charged mucin in the eye, and the covalent binding of maleimide with the thiol group in the mucin. The maleimide group improved the ocular retention and efficacy of FK506, but did not increase the toxicity. Results indicated that FK506 M-CNS had great potential as a nanopharmaceutical in the treatment of ocular diseases, and M-CNS could be a promising drug carrier for ophthalmic drug delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"2087-2098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zolmitriptan niosomal transdermal patches: combating migraine via epigenetic and endocannabinoid pathways and reversal of migraine hypercoagulability.","authors":"Nancy Abdel Hamid Abou Youssef, Gihan Salah Labib, Abeer Ahmed Kassem, Nesrine S El-Mezayen","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01731-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01731-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional zolmitriptan (ZOL) has limited oral bioavailability, many adverse effects, and poor membrane penetrability that negatively influences its accessibility to its 5-HT_1B/1D receptor binding pocket, located transmemberanous. This work aimed at preparing transdermal ZOL-nanoformulation (niosomes) to surpass these limitations and to explore novel antimigraine mechanisms for ZOL via modulation of the epigenetically-altered chronification genes (RAMP-1, NPTX-2) or microRNAs and affecting the endocannabinoid CB-1/MAPK pathway. The prepared ZOL niosomes (F_sp60/6-1:1) exhibited %EE of 57.28%, PS of 472.3 nm, PDI of 0.366, and ZP of -26 mV were cast into patch with content uniformity of 93.12%, maintained endurance after 200-times folding, no interaction between its components (FT-IR), a biphasic release pattern and good stability after storage at 4 °C for 6 months. In-vivo ZOL-patch application in rats with nitroglycerin-induced migraine showed significant management of migraine pain symptoms and photophobia assessed behaviorally, decreased brain levels of the trigeminal neuronal activation marker (c-fos), the migraine pain neurotransmitter (CGRP) and the serum levels of different migraine pain markers (substance P, nitric-oxide, and TNF-α). It also significantly decreased RAMP-1, NPTX-2, miR-382-5p, and CB-1/MAPK gene expression reflecting improved efficacy and brain receptors delivery to a much greater extent than conventional ZOL has done. Additionally, this nanoformulation significantly opposed migraine-induced platelet activation and hypercoagulable status in both central and peripheral circulations as evidenced by the significant decrease in adenosine diphosphate, thrombin, factor X, CD41, and Von-Willebrand factor levels assessed peripherally and centrally. TPF_sp60/6-1:1 significantly improved ZOL efficacy and accessibility to brain-receptors to a much greater extent than conventional ZOL-solution.KeywordsEndocannabinoid receptors; Epigenetically-altered genes; Hemostatic pathways; Niosomal patch; Transdermal; Zolmitriptan.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"2179-2199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her2)-targeted pH-responsive MR/NIRF bimodal imaging-mediated nano-delivery system for the diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated thyroid cancer.","authors":"Qiushi Jia, Fulin Li, Chunxiang Li, Changzhi Guo, Shuang Wu, Liguo Hao, Zhongyuan Li","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01727-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01727-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undifferentiated thyroid cancer (ATC) is highly malignant and does not respond well to sorafenib (SRF) treatment owing to the lack of specificity of SRF targeting. Drug delivery nanosystems can improve the efficiencies of drug in treating various cancer types. However, many conventional drug delivery nanosystems lack targeting and exhibit unresponsive drug release. Therefore, we developed a pH-responsive nano-targeted drug delivery systems using human serum albumin (HSA) as a carrier to generate manganese dioxide (MnO₂)@HSA nanoparticles (NPs), then encapsulated SRF and the fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) and finally modifyed the targeting antibody pertuzumab in the outer layer of the nano complexes, resulting in SRF/ICG/MnO₂@HSA-pertuzumab (HISMP) NPs. This system targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 on the cell membrane surface of thyroid cancer cells and is designed to accumulate at tumor sites. Then, pH-responsive release of divalent manganese ions, ICG, and SRF enables magnetic resonance/fluorescence (MR/NIRF) dual-modality imaging and precise drug delivery for diagnostic and therapeutic integration. Various characterization analyses including transmission electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and particle size analysis confirm that we successfully synthesized HISMP NPs with a diameter of 150.709 nm. The results of CCK8 cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays show that HISMP NPs exhibited high cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis in thyroid cancer cells. In vivo MR/NIRF imaging experiments confirmed that the HISMP NPs specifically aggregated at tumor sites and have good in vivo MR/NIRF imaging ability and effective anti-tumor activity. The nano-delivery system is expected to provide a theoretical foundation for the efficient ATC diagnosis and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"2099-2115"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iontophoresis and electroporation-assisted microneedles: advancements and therapeutic potentials in transdermal drug delivery.","authors":"Mehrnaz Abbasi, Braeden Heath","doi":"10.1007/s13346-024-01722-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13346-024-01722-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) using electrically assisted microneedle (MN) systems has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional drug administration routes. This review explores recent advancements in this technology across various therapeutic applications. Integrating iontophoresis (IP) and electroporation (EP) with MN technology has shown significant potential in improving treatment outcomes for various conditions. Studies demonstrate their effectiveness in enhancing vaccine and DNA delivery, improving diabetes management, and increasing efficacy in dermatological applications. The technology has also exhibited promise in delivering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), treating multiple sclerosis, and advancing obesity and cancer therapy. These systems offer improved drug permeation, targeted delivery, and enhanced therapeutic effects. While challenges remain, including safety concerns and technological limitations, ongoing research focuses on optimizing these systems for broader clinical applications. The future of electrically assisted MN technologies in TDD appears promising, with potential advancements in personalized medicine, smart monitoring systems, and expanded therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11357,"journal":{"name":"Drug Delivery and Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"1962-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}