Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of mobile phone applications for tobacco cessation: An umbrella review","authors":"Rajan Rushender ,&nbsp;Muthunarayanan Logaraj ,&nbsp;Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Mobile Health (mHealth), leveraging nearly 4.5 billion people actively use mobile phone and internet, can be crucial in promoting tobacco cessation. This umbrella review aimed to assess the effectiveness of mobile phone applications in achieving this outcome.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Searches were conducted in databases like Medline, EMBASE, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library from their inception till June 2022, without language restriction. Quality assessment was carried out using the AMSTAR-2 tool. The narrative synthesis findings were presented in terms of the overall effect size reported by the individual systematic review along with the heterogeneity measures and risk of bias assessment findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 11 reviews, most of which had critical weaknesses in certain domains. Among these, three reviews conducted meta-analyses providing pooled estimates, but the effect sizes were non-significant and imprecise, indicating that mobile phone applications did not have a significant effect on tobacco cessation. Only three reviews concluded a promising role for mobile phone applications in tobacco cessation, particularly when these applications were based on theoretical constructs or combined with face-to-face interventions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our review indicates that mobile phone applications could play a promising role in tobacco cessation. However, using a single mobile phone application without any theoretical construct may not sufficiently drive behavioural change to reduce tobacco usage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the effect of prescription drug monitoring program integration and mandatory use policies on the distribution of methadone and buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, United States, 2009–2021","authors":"Christian E. Johnson ,&nbsp;George L. Wehby ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Chrischilles ,&nbsp;Stephan Arndt ,&nbsp;Ryan M. Carnahan","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) have been shown to reduce opioid prescribing for pain, but it is not well understood whether PDMPs influence utilization of medications for opioid use disorder. PDMP integration and mandatory use policies are two approaches implemented by states to increase use of PDMPs by prescribers. This study examined the effect of these approaches on distribution of methadone and buprenorphine from 2009 to 2021 for 50 states and DC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The effect of PDMP integration and mandatory use policies on four outcomes (distribution of buprenorphine to opioid treatment programs, distribution of buprenorphine to pharmacies, distribution of methadone to opioid treatment programs, and the total combined distribution of methadone and buprenorphine) was estimated using a Callaway and Sant’Anna difference-in-differences model, controlling for co-occurring opioid-related state policies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Distribution of buprenorphine to pharmacies decreased 8 % (95 % CI −14 %, −1 %) following implementation of mandatory use policies. Distribution of methadone to opioid treatment programs increased 17 % (95 % CI 4 %, 34 %) and the total combined distribution of methadone and buprenorphine increased 6 % (95 % CI −0 %, 14 %) following the joint implementation of both approaches.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Distribution of methadone and buprenorphine has increased since 2009, but less than a quarter of people with opioid use disorder currently receive these medications. We observed a small net benefit of PDMP integration and mandatory use policies on distribution of methadone and buprenorphine. Policymakers should continue to assess the impact of PDMPs on access to medications for opioid use disorder and consider additional approaches to increase access to treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 112432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racialized environments and syringe services program implementation: County-level factors","authors":"Ricky N. Bluthenthal ,&nbsp;Jamie L. Humphrey ,&nbsp;Claire N. Strack ,&nbsp;Lynn D. Wenger ,&nbsp;Paul LaKosky ,&nbsp;Sheila V. Patel ,&nbsp;Alex H. Kral ,&nbsp;Barrot Lambdin","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Racialized health inequities in substance use-related harms might emerge from differential access to syringe service programs (SSPs). To explore this, we examined the association between county-level racialized environments, other factors, and (1) SSP presence, and (2) per capita syringe and (3) naloxone distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>2021 US National Survey of SSP data (n=295/412;72 % response rate) was used to identify SSP presence and the sum of syringes and naloxone doses distributed in 2020 by county. Study measures included racial residential segregation (RRS; i.e., divergence and dissimilarity indexes for Black:Non-Hispanic White &amp; Hispanic:Non-Hispanic White) and covariates (i.e., demographic proportions, urban/suburban/rural classifications, 2020 US presidential Republican vote share, and overdose mortality from 2019). We used logit Generalized Estimating Equations to determine factors associated with county-level SSP presence, and zero inflated negative binomial regression models to determine factors associated with per capita syringe and naloxone distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SSPs were reported in 9 % (283/3106) of US counties. SSP presence was associated with higher divergence and dissimilarity indexes, urban and suburban counties, higher opioid overdose mortality, and lower 2020 Republican presidential vote share. Per capita syringes distributed was associated with lower RRS (divergence and Hispanic:White dissimilarity), lower racially minoritized population proportions and rural counties, while per capita naloxone distribution was associated with lower Hispanic and “other” population proportions, and rural counties.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Racialized environments are associated with SSP presence but not the scope of those programs. Preventing HIV and HCV outbreaks, and overdose deaths requires addressing community level factors that influence SSP implementation and accessibility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of nicotine pouch use among young Australians","authors":"Michelle I. Jongenelis,&nbsp;Mary-Ellen E. Brierley,&nbsp;Runze Li","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite increasing interest in the use of nicotine pouches in Australia – where retail sale of the products is illegal – research exploring patterns of pouch use and reasons for use is lacking. Accordingly, this study explored young Australians’ experiences with nicotine pouches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey was administered to 1598 Australians aged 16–39 years (53 % women). We assessed (i) awareness and use (lifetime and past 30-day) of nicotine pouches, (ii) patterns of use (e.g., flavours and nicotine strength used), (iii) product source, and (iv) reasons for use. Regression analyses were conducted to assess socio-demographic predictors of awareness and use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Just over three-quarters (77 %) of the sample reported being aware of nicotine pouches. Lifetime use was reported by 26 % of respondents and past 30-day use by 19 %. Among those who reported past 30-day use, fruit (35 %) and menthol/mint (34 %) flavours were most commonly used. In terms of pouch source, one-third (33 %) reported obtaining the product from a tobacconist. The most common reasons for use were “they come in flavours I like” (34 %) and “to help me quit smoking” (32 %). Awareness, lifetime use, and past 30-day use of nicotine pouches were more likely among men, those who reported current use of tobacco products, and those who reported current use of e-cigarettes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Awareness and use of nicotine pouches among young Australians may be substantial enough to warrant the inclusion of items measuring pouch use in national surveys. Efforts should be made to better enforce existing laws regarding the sale of nicotine pouches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 112428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of interventions to enhance initiation of and adherence to treatment for alcohol use disorders","authors":"Bijayalaxmi Biswal ,&nbsp;Shruti Bora ,&nbsp;Radhika Anand ,&nbsp;Urvita Bhatia ,&nbsp;Anisah Fernandes ,&nbsp;Manjita Joshi ,&nbsp;Abhijit Nadkarni","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) contribute significantly to the global disease burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. While effective treatment options exist, engagement with care remains a challenge, impacting treatment outcomes and resource allocation, particularly in resource-constrained settings. In this review, we aim to systematically examine and synthesize the evidence on interventions targeting initiation of and adherence to treatment for AUDs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A search was conducted on six electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL and CENTRAL) using search terms under the following concepts: alcohol use disorders, initiation/adherence, treatments, and controlled trial study design. Due to the heterogeneity in intervention content and outcomes among the included studies, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search yielded 32 distinct studies testing eleven categories of interventions. 23 out of 32 studies reported effectiveness of interventions in improving at least one initiation or adherence outcome, with 11 studies reporting an improvement in at least one outcome related to drinking, and four studies reporting improvements in at least one measure of well-being or disability. Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT) emerged as a prominent approach for treatment initiation, contingency management for adherence, and motivational interviewing (MI) for both treatment initiation and adherence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Integrating initiation and adherence interventions into AUD treatment services holds immense potential for optimizing client outcomes and fostering overall well-being. However, generalizability of these strategies remains uncertain owing to the lack of studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. Addressing this gap is crucial for enhancing global access to effective treatments for AUDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871624013541/pdfft?md5=0d25dcab53880b6b82e5f693a8acd7b1&pid=1-s2.0-S0376871624013541-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological sex modulates the efficacy of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) to mitigate fentanyl demand","authors":"Alice J. McQueney,&nbsp;Erik J. Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Overdose deaths remain high for opioid use disorder, emphasizing the need to pursue innovative therapeutics. Classic psychedelic drugs that engage many monoamine receptors mitigate opioid use. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the preferential serotonin 5-HT_2AR agonist, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) could reduce the demand for fentanyl in a preclinical model of fentanyl self-administration.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 25–29) were implanted with indwelling jugular catheters and allowed to self-administer fentanyl (3.2<!--> <!-->μg/kg/infusion). Rats progressed to a novel low price twice within-session threshold procedure where rats sampled the lowest price twice before decreasing the dose of fentanyl by a ¼ log every 10<!--> <!-->minutes across 11 doses. Once stable, rats were pretreated with saline or DOI (0.01, 0.03, 1<!--> <!-->mg/kg). Fentanyl consumption was analyzed using an exponentiated demand function to extract the dependent variables, Q₀ and α.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Male and female rats acquired fentanyl self-administration in the lowest price twice within-session threshold procedure. DOI dose-dependently altered fentanyl intake such that 5-HT_2AR activation decreased Q₀ in female rats but increased Q₀ in male rats. For demand elasticity, DOI increased α in male rats but did not alter α in female rats. DOI did not alter inactive lever presses or latency.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DOI reduces consumption at minimally constrained costs but did not affect the reinforcement value of fentanyl in female rats. Alternatively, DOI significantly reduced the reinforcement value of fentanyl in male rats. Biological sex alters the therapeutic efficacy of DOI and 5-HT_2AR activation sex-dependently alters opioid reinforcement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administratively reported fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in commercially- and Medicaid-insured samples of children in the United States, 2015 – 2021","authors":"Nicholas P. Deputy ,&nbsp;Scott D. Grosse ,&nbsp;Jacquelyn Bertrand ,&nbsp;Melissa L. Danielson ,&nbsp;Nisha M. George ,&nbsp;Shin Y. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are lifelong conditions that can occur in a person with prenatal alcohol exposure. Although studies using intensive, in-person assessments of children in selected communities have found higher estimates of children with FASDs than studies of healthcare claims data, claims-based studies provide more current information about individuals with recognized FASDs from diverse populations. We estimated the proportion of children with administratively reported FASDs in two large healthcare claims databases.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed Merative™ MarketScan® commercial and Medicaid claims databases, that include nationwide data from employer-sponsored health plans and from Medicaid programs in 8–10 states, respectively. For each database, we estimated the proportion of children aged 0–17 years with administratively reported FASDs, identified by one inpatient or two outpatient codes for prenatal alcohol exposure or fetal alcohol syndrome during the entire seven-year period from 2015 to 2021 and during each year.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During 2015–2021, 1.2 per 10,000 commercially-insured and 6.1 per 10,000 Medicaid-insured children had an administratively reported FASD; estimates varied by sex, geography, and other available demographics. Among commercially-insured children, 0.5 per 10,000 in 2015 and 0.6 per 10,000 children in 2021 had an administratively reported FASD; among Medicaid-insured, 1.2 per 10,000 in 2015 and 2.1 per 10,000 children in 2021 had an administratively reported FASD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although an underestimate of the true population of children with FASDs, patterns in administratively reported FASDs by demographics were consistent with previous studies. Healthcare claims studies can provide timely, ongoing information about children with recognized FASDs to complement in-persons studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in distributed error-related neural activation in problem-drinking young adults","authors":"Jillian E. Hardee,&nbsp;Alexander S. Weigard,&nbsp;Mary M. Heitzeg,&nbsp;Meghan E. Martz,&nbsp;Lora M. Cope","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Detecting and responding to errors is central to goal-directed behavior and cognitive control and is thought to be supported by a network of structures that includes the anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula. Sex differences in the maturational timing of cognitive control systems create differential periods of vulnerability for psychiatric conditions, such as substance use disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined sex differences in error-related activation across an array of distributed brain regions during a Go/No-Go task in young adults with problem alcohol use (<em>N</em>=69; 34 females; <em>M</em>=19.4 years). Regions of interest previously linked to error-related activation, including anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and frontoparietal structures, were selected in a term-based meta-analysis. Individual differences in their responses to false alarm (FA) inhibitory errors relative to “go” trials (FA&gt;GO) and correct rejections (FA&gt;CR) were indexed using multivariate summary measures derived from principal components analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FA&gt;GO and FA&gt;CR activation both revealed a first component that explained the majority of the variance across error-associated regions and displayed the strongest loadings on salience network structures. Compared to females, males exhibited significantly higher levels of the FA&gt;GO component but not the FA&gt;CR component.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Males exhibit greater salience network activation in response to inhibitory errors, which could be attributed to sex differences in error-monitoring processes or to other functions (e.g., novelty detection). The findings are relevant for the further characterization of sex differences in cognitive control and may have implications for understanding individual differences in those at risk for substance use or other cognitive control disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hub disruption in HIV disease and cocaine use: A connectomics analysis of brain function","authors":"Kareem Al-Khalil ,&nbsp;Ryan P. Bell ,&nbsp;Sheri L. Towe ,&nbsp;Jessica R. Cohen ,&nbsp;Syam Gadde ,&nbsp;James Mu ,&nbsp;Shana A. Hall ,&nbsp;Christina S. Meade","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cocaine use (CU) is prevalent in people with HIV (PWH). Both conditions are linked to changes in cognitive functioning and neural network topology. The current study utilizes graph theory to investigate functional connectomics associated with HIV and CU, focusing on disruption of densely connected nodes called hubs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) from 206 adults (ages 22–55 years) were analyzed. A HIV x CU factorial design was implemented with participants in four groups: HIV+CU (n= 41), HIV only (n= 88), CU only (n= 36), and controls (n= 41). Functional connectomes were constructed, and thresholded graph metrics were calculated. Network centrality metrics – betweenness centrality (BC), participation coefficient (PC), and within module degree (WD) – were quantified into hub disruption indices (HDI). For each index, a 2×2 ANCOVA was performed controlling for education.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants were 68 % male and 74 % African-American with a mean age of 44.4 years. HIV and CU were associated with hub disruption in all three indices. Interactions were significant for HDI-PC and HDI-WD, such that HIV disease was associated with greater hub disruption among participants without CU, but not among participants with CU. Overall, lower global cognitive functioning was associated with greater hub disruption on all three indices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Widespread hub disruption was evident in HIV disease and CU, highlighting topological reorganization in both diseases with neurocognitive effects. Hub-related measures inform functional connectivity disruptions in HIV disease and CU, particularly with respect to changes in network topology throughout the connectome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Views and experiences of involuntary civil commitment of people who use drugs in Massachusetts (Section 35)","authors":"Joseph Silcox ,&nbsp;Sabrina S. Rapisarda ,&nbsp;Jaclyn M.W. Hughto ,&nbsp;Stephanie Vento ,&nbsp;Patricia Case ,&nbsp;Wilson R. Palacios ,&nbsp;Sofia Zaragoza ,&nbsp;Shikhar Shrestha ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Stopka ,&nbsp;Traci C. Green","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Involuntary civil commitment (ICC) is a court-mandated process to place people who use drugs (PWUD) into substance use treatment. Research on ICC effectiveness is mixed, but suggests that coercive drug treatment like ICC is harmful and can produce a number of adverse outcomes. We qualitatively examined the experiences and outcomes of ICC among PWUD in Massachusetts.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data for this analysis were collected between 2017 and 2023 as part of a mixed-methods study of Massachusetts residents who disclosed illicit drug use in the past 30-days. We examined the transcripts of 42 participants who completed in-depth interviews and self-reported ICC. Transcripts were coded and thematically analysed using inductive and deductive approaches to understand the diversity of ICC experiences.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants were predominantly male (57 %), white (71 %), age 31–40 (50 %), and stably housed (67 %). All participants experienced ICC at least once; half reported multiple ICCs. Participants highlighted perceptions of ICC for substance use treatment in Massachusetts. Themes surrounding ICC experience included: positive and negative treatment experience’s, strategies for evading ICC, disrupting access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), and contributing to continued substance use and risk following release.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PWUD experience farther-reaching health and social consequences beyond the immediate outcomes of an ICC. Findings suggest opportunities to amend ICC to facilitate more positive outcomes and experiences, such as providing sufficient access to MOUD and de-criminalizing the ICC processes. Policymakers, public health, and criminal justice professionals should consider possible unintended consequences of ICC on PWUD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 112391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}