Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Willingness to receive medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD): A longitudinal analysis of social network support","authors":"Hannah K. Knudsen ,&nbsp;Maria Rockett ,&nbsp;Carrie B. Oser","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD, i.e., buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone) save lives, but many individuals are unwilling to receive MOUD treatment. Few longitudinal studies have examined whether social network support for MOUD is related to willingness to receive MOUD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Egocentric network data were collected from 393 adults with OUD who were incarcerated in 14 Kentucky prisons; follow-up data were collected about six months post-release. For each named alter, participants (egos) reported on perceived alters’ support for buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone at baseline and follow-up; baseline network scores were averaged into a network support for MOUD score and a change score from baseline to follow-up was calculated. Multiple imputation by chained equations addressed missing data. A multivariate linear regression model of willingness to receive MOUD at follow-up was estimated that included baseline network support for MOUD, change in network support, baseline willingness to receive MOUD, lifetime history of MOUD, and demographics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline network support for MOUD was positively associated with willingness to receive MOUD at follow-up (b=0.190, 95 % CI: 0.072–0.308, p &lt; .01). Increase in network support for MOUD over time was also positively associated with willingness to receive MOUD at follow-up (b=0.210, 95 % CI: 0.102–0.319, p &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Social network support for MOUD, both the initial level and change over time, was associated with participants’ willingness to receive MOUD. These findings suggest that intervention development focused on increasing social network support may have utility in increasing uptake of MOUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145590519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of paid social media advertising and traditional advertising for addiction research recruitment","authors":"Laura C. Chambers ,&nbsp;Tayla Giguere ,&nbsp;Ralph A. Welwean ,&nbsp;Alyssa M. Peachey ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Wiehe ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Aalsma ,&nbsp;Megan L. Ranney ,&nbsp;Francesca L. Beaudoin","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social media advertising may improve efficiency and reduce costs for research recruitment. However, few studies comparing social media-based and traditional recruitment methods aimed to recruit people with a history of substance use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between May 2022 and September 2024, we enrolled people in treatment and/or recovery from an opioid use disorder into a randomized trial of a mobile app-based peer recovery support program with six months of follow-up. We used multiple recruitment strategies including paid social media advertising (Facebook, Craigslist) and traditional methods (trial website, bus advertisements, flyers). We summarized cost per enrollment, enrollments per month, and the percentage of inquiries that were valid, valid inquiries that were from eligible people, and eligible people who enrolled by advertising modality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All measures of performance differed by modality (each P &lt; 0.01). Cost per enrollment was lowest for the trial website, flyers, and Craigslist ($0–$13.88) and highest for bus advertisements and Facebook ($101.30–$644.26). Recruitment rates were highest for Facebook and Craigslist (10.0–14.7 enrollments/month) and lowest for flyers, bus advertisements, and the trial website (2.9–6.2 enrollments/month). Craigslist was least likely to yield valid inquiries (59.0 % vs. 68.8 %–77.8 %). Valid inquiries from Facebook were least likely to be from eligible people (33.0 % vs. 53.8%–65.2 %), and eligible people identified through Facebook were least likely to enroll (55.2 % vs. 76.3%–91.1 %).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Researchers recruiting a national sample of people with a history of substance use may maximize cost-effectiveness and efficiency by using a study website and paid Craigslist advertisements. Flyers may also be highly cost-effective for local recruitment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of neighborhood-level overdose risk predictions for prioritization of harm reduction services: Results from the PROVIDENT study","authors":"Alexandra Skinner ,&nbsp;William C. Goedel ,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Hallowell ,&nbsp;Bennett Allen ,&nbsp;Maxwell Krieger ,&nbsp;Claire Pratty ,&nbsp;Jennifer Ahern ,&nbsp;Magdalena Cerdá ,&nbsp;Brandon D.L. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neighborhood-level overdose risk may vary over time. In Rhode Island, we developed and validated a machine learning model to identify the 20 percent of census block groups (CBGs) at the highest predicted risk of future overdose death. We updated this model periodically between November 2021 and August 2024 to generate six sets of predictions. This study aims to characterize the trajectory of each CBG’s predicted overdose risk over time across these six periods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In each prediction period, CBGs were designated as “high risk” or not designated as “high risk” based on our model’s 20 percent predicted overdose risk threshold. We implemented sequence analysis to describe unique trajectories in each CBG’s risk designation over each prediction period. We then calculated optimal matching distances to estimate dissimilarity between each pair of trajectories and applied agglomerative hierarchical clustering to group similar trajectories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 809 CBGs included in this study followed 60 unique trajectories in predicted overdose risk designation over the six prediction periods. Clustering of trajectories favored a solution with five trajectory groups. Most CBGs (73.4 %) were rarely or never designated as “high risk”, 7.9 % of CBGs were always designated as “high risk”, and the remaining 18.7 % were designated as “high risk” in multiple prediction periods, represented by trajectory groups with different patterning over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given the substantial variability in which CBGs were at highest overdose risk over time, dynamic machine learning predictions may inform harm reduction resource allocation by identifying neighborhoods with emerging needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of the association between the built environment and overdose mortality","authors":"Meya Jurkus ,&nbsp;Sidney Hoolsema ,&nbsp;Valorie A. Crooks ,&nbsp;Nadine Schuurman ,&nbsp;Amanda Slaunwhite ,&nbsp;Geoff Bardwell","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>It is widely known that the built environment affects health outcomes in general, and for marginalized groups, including people who use drugs; however, the relationship between the built environment and overdose mortality is not well understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We present findings from a scoping review of research published between 1996 and 2024 that discuss built environment factors that relate to or affect the likelihood of fatal overdose.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, twenty-nine papers were included, twenty-seven of which were based in the United States. Various types of built environment factors were identified from the included studies, including public and private locations of fatal overdose (e.g., public bathrooms, decedents’ homes), locations positively associated with fatal overdose (e.g., dilapidated buildings, drug houses), micro built environment characteristics (e.g., acceptably clean streets/clean sidewalks, vacant housing), and urban versus rural locations related to fatal overdose.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings emphasize the critical role that the built environment plays in overdose survivability, which is an important consideration when considering how to reduce overdose mortality across diverse communities. Studies from this review are helpful in understanding the role of the built environment and what types of place-based interventions might need to be implemented across various locations in which fatal overdoses occur to reduce overdose mortality and improve health outcomes. Existing literature largely describes places of overdose but lacks detail regarding positive or negative associations between the location and fatal overdose. There is therefore a need for further research exploring the relationship between built environment and fatal overdose, including qualitative and mixed methods research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how they intersect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145395857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early nicotine initiation and white matter integrity: Associations from late childhood to mid-adolescence","authors":"Ryan M. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Alexander L. Wallace ,&nbsp;April C. May ,&nbsp;Joshua K. Lyman ,&nbsp;Krista M. Lisdahl ,&nbsp;Natasha E. Wade ,&nbsp;Kelly E. Courtney ,&nbsp;Neal Doran ,&nbsp;Joanna Jacobus","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nicotine use is increasing in prevalence among adolescents and emerging adults in the United States. While young adulthood nicotine use has been linked to alterations in white matter tissue brain structure, little is known about late childhood nicotine initiation and its associations with white matter microstructural development. In this study, nicotine initiators (ages 9–16, n = 556) were compared on white matter regions-of-interest (ROIs) to sociodemographically matched peers (n = 556) using a subsample of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (baseline to year-4 follow-up). Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity metrics were examined across 11 diffusion tensor imaging ROIs. Linear mixed-effects models examined nicotine initiation while controlling for prenatal nicotine exposure, parental history of problematic alcohol/drug use, and other substance use initiation. Findings indicated nicotine initiation-by-age effects for widespread cortical and subcortical fractional anisotropy ROIs, which maintained significance after multiple comparison correction and conducting sensitivity analyses covarying for pubertal staging. These ROIs did not correlate with any dose-dependent (e.g., lifetime use days) measurements among the nicotine initiators. Additionally, no significant findings were observed for mean diffusivity, or exploratory interactions with sex. Overall, neurodevelopmental effects of nicotine use on white matter integrity may appear early and are associated with trajectories of white matter development, yet continued investigations of nicotine initiation and escalation across the lifespan and its relationships with structural neuroimaging outcomes are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of delay discounting and smoking from adolescence to young adulthood","authors":"Gezelle Dali ,&nbsp;Antoinette Poulton ,&nbsp;Tobias Banaschewski ,&nbsp;Arun L.W. Bokde ,&nbsp;Sylvane Desrivières ,&nbsp;Herta Flor ,&nbsp;Hugh Garavan ,&nbsp;Antoine Grigis ,&nbsp;Andreas Heinz ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Martinot ,&nbsp;Frauke Nees ,&nbsp;Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos ,&nbsp;Luise Poustka ,&nbsp;Michael N. Smolka ,&nbsp;Sarah Hohmann ,&nbsp;Nilakshi Vaidya ,&nbsp;Henrik Walter ,&nbsp;Robert Whelan ,&nbsp;Gunter Schumann ,&nbsp;Robert Hester","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Delay discounting is consistently implicated in nicotine use, with individuals dependent on smoking exhibiting greater discounting rates than those who do not smoke. The temporal relationship of delay discounting and smoking, however, has been relatively understudied as much of the existing literature has used cross-sectional designs. This study examined whether delay discounting is predictive of both the initiation of occasional smoking and the transition from occasional to daily use and whether escalating smoking behaviour predicts increased delay discounting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were drawn from the IMAGEN sample – a large, longitudinal, multicentre study. Data were collected at ages 14, 16, 18 and 22 years. Our sample consisted of 1668 participants (52 % female) who had completed at least two waves of data collection. Delay discounting was measured using the 27-item Monetary Choice Questionnaire. The European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs (ESPAD) and the Timeline Follow-back were used to assess smoking behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher delay discounting predicted a greater likelihood of initiation of occasional use but not the transition to daily smoking. The trajectory of smoking frequency was predicted by both baseline levels of delay discounting and the trend of delay discounting over time. Smoking, however, was not found to predict changes in delay discounting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High delay discounting appears to precede the initiation of smoking and is predictive of the trajectory of smoking but may not distinguish between discrete states of smoking. Identifying heightened delay discounting in young people may offer the opportunity to prevent excessive smoking trajectories before they are initiated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112955"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between peer support services, treatment engagement and overdose risk among Kentucky Medicaid beneficiaries with opioid use disorder","authors":"Jason B. Gibbons ,&nbsp;Sachini Bandara ,&nbsp;Vivian Flanagan ,&nbsp;Carlos Hardy ,&nbsp;Marla Oros ,&nbsp;Brendan Saloner","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Peer-support specialists leverage experience to assist individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in their recovery, leading to better patient health outcomes. However, the longitudinal impact of peer support on treatment and health outcomes is understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified the universe of patients with OUD beneficiaries in Kentucky’s Medicaid managed care program from 2020 to 2021. Among this population, we utilized mixed-effect logistic regression models to study the association between peer-support engagement duration and buprenorphine receipt and opioid overdose risk. We also used descriptive analysis to compare beneficiaries who received one or more peer-support service claims with OUD-treated beneficiaries who did not receive any peer support, and the evolution of peer-support receiving beneficiary characteristics across the duration of peer-engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Peer-support receipt was associated with higher rates of mental health comorbidities, greater social vulnerability, and more intense service delivery across a broader array of settings. Following peer-support initiation, beneficiary use of services in more intensive settings declined. Relative to the period before receipt of peer services, peer-support retention was associated with a 19.7 percentage point increase in buprenorphine receipt and a 0.4 percentage point reduction in overdose risk. Engagement with peers declined drastically over time, with fewer than 20 % of beneficiaries remaining in peer support after two years.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Given the associated benefits of peer support, declining participation underscores the need for strategies to enhance retention. Addressing reimbursement policies, clinical integration barriers, and follow-up protocols may strengthen the impact of peer support in OUD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of route of drug administration with self-reported non-fatal overdose: A cohort study of Baltimore City adults who have injected drugs","authors":"Mark Lucia ,&nbsp;Kenneth A. Feder ,&nbsp;Gregory D. Kirk ,&nbsp;Shruti H. Mehta ,&nbsp;Becky L. Genberg","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a shift among people who use drugs away from injecting opioids and toward other routes of administration. We examined if specific routes of heroin administration were associated with overdose risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ALIVE is a cohort of adults from Baltimore, MD who have a history of injecting drugs. At twice-annual visits, participants self-reported past-six-month drug use and related information. At visits when participants reported heroin use, we estimated the association of self-reported route of heroin administration (injecting, smoking, nasal inhalation [“snorting”], injecting &amp; smoking, injecting &amp; nasal inhalation, smoking &amp; nasal inhalation, all three) with non-fatal overdose using conditional logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At visits when heroin was reported (1121 participants, 4396 study visits, 88 % age 40–79, 33 % female, 77 % Black) using heroin by all three routes of administration was associated with higher overdose odds than using injecting only (aOR 2.37, 95 % CI 1.25–4.47), nasal inhalation only (aOR 2.87, 95 % CI 1.47–5.63), and injecting and smoking (aOR 4.22, 95 % CI 1.01–17.68); injecting and nasal inhalation was associated with overdose as compared to nasal inhalation alone (aOR 1.78, 95 % 1.12–2.83).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found no evidence any individual route of administration was associated with higher heroin overdose risk; instead, use of a single route tended to be associated with lower overdose odds than use of multiple routes. Harm reduction programs that provide sterilized tools for drug administration may empower people who use drugs to avoid overdose risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief mindfulness intervention for adults with cannabis use disorder: A randomised clinical trial","authors":"Valentina Lorenzetti ,&nbsp;Eugene McTavish ,&nbsp;Hannah Thomson ,&nbsp;Adam Clemente ,&nbsp;Peter Rendell ,&nbsp;Gill Terrett ,&nbsp;Lisa-Marie Greenwood ,&nbsp;Tom P. Freeman ,&nbsp;Sunjeev K. Kamboj ,&nbsp;Victoria Manning","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is characterised by strong cravings and an inability to reduce cannabis use despite experiencing adverse psychosocial outcomes. Brief, accessible, scalable, and low-cost interventions are needed to support people with a CUD. We investigated if a brief mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) reduces cannabis frequency, quantity and craving, compared to both an active and passive control conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A pre-registered, double-blind randomised control trial was run in in 66 adults (19 female) aged 18–56 with CUD reporting attempts to cut down or quit in the past 2 years, recruited from the general community (October 2019-July 2022). Participants were 1:1:1 allocated, to one of 3 interventions; MBI (n = 23), Relaxation (n = 21) or Control (n = 22) with a mean duration of 16 days, stratified by age and sex. All conditions included daily monitoring of usage. Baseline and follow-up in person testing occurred in Melbourne, Australia. The intervention occurred online. The primary outcome was change in cannabis use days (Δ follow-up <em>minus</em> baseline). Secondary outcomes were changes (Δ follow-up <em>minus</em> baseline) in: cannabis grams and craving (visual analogue scale; VAS), mindfulness (Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire) and relaxation (VAS). We carried out intention-to-treat analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant intervention-by-time effects on the primary outcome — cannabis frequency (F<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.26, FDR<em>p</em> = .86)—nor on secondary outcomes: quantity, cravings, relaxation or mindfulness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on these findings a brief MBI does not appear to help people with CUD reduce their cannabis use.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ISRCTN Registry Identifier: ISRCTN76056942 (Mapping short-term brain changes in cannabis users). Submission date: 28/04/2020. Registration date: 12/05/2020. The interventions are described below and here: ISRCTN76056942 <span><span>https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN76056942</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (DOI: <span><span>https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN76056942</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). The pre-registered hypotheses and analysis plan can be found here: <span><span>https://osf.io/sfjwk</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysubstance use in pregnancy: Findings from a population-based cross-sectional cohort study of pregnant women with opioid use","authors":"Rachel Luba ,&nbsp;Sandra D. Comer ,&nbsp;Lena Sun ,&nbsp;Samuel D. Pimentel ,&nbsp;Sherian Li ,&nbsp;Monique Hedderson ,&nbsp;Cynthia I. Campbell ,&nbsp;Michael W. Kuzniewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Prior work suggests that pregnant women with opioid use may be especially likely to use multiple substances. Given the risks of substance use and polysubstance use during pregnancy, this study explored rates and covariates of polysubstance use in women with and without opioid use during pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Procedures</h3><div>We conducted a population-based cross-sectional cohort study of pregnancies delivering at or after 35 weeks’ gestation in 15 Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) hospitals. Among 369,199 women delivering past 35 weeks’ gestation between 2010 and 2019, we extracted data on substance use, lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, diagnoses of opioid use disorder (OUD) and depression, and sociodemographic characteristics</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Compared to women without opioid use during pregnancy (n = 361,144), those with opioid use during pregnancy (n = 8055) were significantly more likely to use all other classes of substances (p &lt; 0.001) and significantly more likely to have lifetime and maternal depression diagnoses (p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, those with opioid use during pregnancy had significantly higher neighborhood deprivation index scores, were significantly more likely to be insured by Medicare or Medicaid, had lower educational attainment, and were more likely to identify as Black (p &lt; 0.001). Comparisons by opioid use type suggest that those with heroin use had heavier patterns of polysubstance use compared to those with methadone, buprenorphine or prescribed opioid medication use (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings shed light on the prevalence of polysubstance use among pregnant women with opioid use (15.5 % used cannabis, 9.3 % used tobacco, 5.2 % used benzodiazepines, 2.8 % used methamphetamines, 1.6 % used barbiturates and 1.0 % used cocaine), and highlight key differences in drug exposure between pregnant women with prescribed opioid use versus MOUD use versus heroin use (namely lower rates of polysubstance use among pregnant women with MOUD exposure compared to those with heroin use). Together, findings support a potentially protective role of methadone and buprenorphine for this population with regards to polysubstance use, and a need for more integrated psychiatric care among this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 112926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}