Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive-behavioral interventions for co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders","authors":"Molly Magill ,&nbsp;Emily C. Helminen ,&nbsp;Blaine Lynch-Gadaleta ,&nbsp;Kari Allen ,&nbsp;Brian D. Kiluk ,&nbsp;Lara A. Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current meta-analysis provides an overview of cognitive-behaviorally-based interventions (CBI) that treat co-occurring alcohol and other drug use (AOD) and one or more mental health disorders. A literature search was conducted through October of 2024. All published outcome data were extracted and categorized into one of thirteen different outcome types (e.g., abstinence, quantity, mental health symptoms, quality of life) and two broader outcome classes (i.e., consumption; psychosocial). The study sample included 47 randomized trials (<em>K</em> = 101 publications; 912 effect sizes). The studies were primarily polydrug-focused and targeted samples where diagnostic criteria for a use disorder were met. CBIs targeting co-occurring disorders provided benefit over usual care and control comparators for consumption, but not psychosocial outcomes. The opposite pattern of effects was observed when CBI was added to usual care and compared to usual care alone. When a CBI treatment was compared to a CBI treatment targeting AOD or mental health only, significant effects were not observed. These results suggest modest efficacy of CBI interventions in this sample of studies targeting a range of substances and co-occurring mental health conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality during and following treatment with extended-release naltrexone based on data from two clinical trials","authors":"L. Gjersing ,&nbsp;L. Tanum ,&nbsp;B. Weimand ,&nbsp;K.K. Solli","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To examine mortality during and in the first year following extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) treatment in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A prospective registry study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Two clinical trials in Norway.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 268 XR-NTX patients from two clinical trials conducted from 2013 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Data from the inclusion interviews were cross-linked with data from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Mortality during treatment was estimated for the first 30 days following a XR-NTX injection, while mortality following treatment cessation was examined from day 31 after the final XR-NTX injection until death or censoring. Surviving individuals were censored at 365 days. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated per 100 person-years (PY). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the survival functions and the log-rank test to compare survival distributions across different groups; male (no/yes), age (&lt;30 years, 30–39 years, &gt;39 years), injecting drug use (IDU) (no/yes), lifetime non-fatal overdose (no/yes), and treatment duration for six months (no/yes).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Overall, there was only one non-drug-related death during treatment. In the year following treatment cessation,12 individuals died; two within the first 30 days. Ten of these deaths were from accidental poisonings. The overall CMR was 4.6 (95 % CI 2.5–7.5) per 100 PY,</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The XR-NTX patients in the two clinical trials appeared to be protected from overdose death while in treatment but faced an elevated mortality risk in the year following treatment cessation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The late positive potential predicts contingency management outcomes for cocaine use disorder","authors":"Heather E. Webber ,&nbsp;Douglas J. Calvillo ,&nbsp;Francesco Versace ,&nbsp;Constanza de Dios ,&nbsp;Robert Suchting ,&nbsp;Charles E. Green ,&nbsp;Scott D. Lane ,&nbsp;Joy M. Schmitz","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contingency management (CM) relies on motivation and reward processing and is among the most effective treatments available for cocaine use disorder (CUD), yet success rates do not meet desired clinical efficacy. To improve treatment-individual fit, we investigated the late positive potential (LPP), a measure of incentive salience to cues, as a predictor of treatment response<strong>.</strong> Treatment-seeking adults with CUD (N = 58) completed an EEG task where they viewed pleasant, unpleasant, cocaine, and neutral images. Participants received CM and counseling for four weeks. Urine was collected thrice weekly. We defined incentive salience to cues by A) cluster analyses on LPP amplitudes across the range of emotional images, B) cocaine-LPP relative to pleasant-LPP, and C) LPP to individual categories (pleasant, unpleasant, cocaine), relative to neutral. Treatment outcomes were: 1) response status (abstinent vs. non-abstinent at week four), and 2) Treatment Effectiveness Score (TES), a count of total negative urines. Bayesian generalized linear modeling was used to predict treatment response as a function of LPP amplitude, quantifying the posterior probability of an effect. Those with a greater LPP to cocaine images when controlling for neutral were more likely to respond to CM treatment (OR=1.93, PP=99.4 %) and had a higher TES (IRR=1.22, PP=90.9 %). These results held for the other analyses (cluster analysis and cocaine controlling for pleasant). LPPs to pleasant and unpleasant cues were not consistently associated with CM outcomes. These results suggest that heightened cocaine reactivity may represent a neuroaffective state that could indicate greater propensity for CM treatment response in CUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of having a regular drug dealer on obtaining drug checking results consistent with expectations during a drug toxicity crisis in a Canadian setting","authors":"Hannah Esopenko ,&nbsp;Brandon D.L. Marshall ,&nbsp;Mark Lysyshyn ,&nbsp;Cameron Grant ,&nbsp;Susan G. Sherman ,&nbsp;Evan Wood ,&nbsp;Thomas Kerr ,&nbsp;Lianping Ti","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The unregulated illicit drug supply is a key factor in Canada’s ongoing drug crisis and a significant public health concern. This study explores whether having a regular drug dealer impacts the likelihood of obtaining drug checking results consistent with expectations (i.e., the drug the individual expected was detected using drug checking technology, irrespective of other substances present).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were derived from a cross-sectional study, conducted between March 2020 and August 2023, across 22 harm reduction sites in British Columbia (BC), Canada. These sites operate drug checking services using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and immuno-assay strips. Logistic regression analysis examined the relationship between having a regular dealer and obtaining drug checking results consistent with expectations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 322 participants were included in the study: 268 (83.2 %) reported a regular drug dealer and 260 (80.7 %) obtained results consistent with their primary drug expectation. Among those with a regular dealer, 240 (74.8 %) obtained drugs from them 100 % of the time. After adjusting for confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis found no significant association between having a regular dealer and obtaining expected drug checking results (adjusted odds ratio = 1.10; 95 % confidence interval: 0.48 – 2.52, p-value = 0.827).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite assumptions that a regular dealer increases the likelihood of receiving results consistent with primary drug expectations, this study found no association. These findings support the importance of drug checking, education on the unpredictability of the unregulated drug supply, and other essential harm reduction services in addressing Canada’s public health crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of inhibitory control in opioid use disorder: Insights from event-related potentials","authors":"Mohammad Navid Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Sara Joushi ,&nbsp;Sina Motamedy ,&nbsp;Mazyar Fathi ,&nbsp;Kristi Anne Kohlmeier ,&nbsp;Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi ,&nbsp;Alimohammad Pourrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opioid use disorder (OUD) is characterized by a persistent drive to use opioids despite significant health, mental and social consequences. Better understanding of neural processes underlying inhibitory control in OUD is needed in order to effectively manage this disorder. To this end, we investigated inhibitory control function in 30 male OUD patients and 30 matched male healthy controls (HCs) by monitoring event-related potentials (ERPs) during a modified Go-NoGo task with opium-related and neutral cues. OUD patients exhibited slower reaction times and increased commission error rates compared to HCs, reflecting impaired inhibitory control. The HC group demonstrated the NoGo N2 effect known to reflect inhibitory processing; whereas no significant difference between Go and NoGo trials in the OUD group was seen. Attenuated NoGo N2 and P3 amplitudes were seen in OUD subjects, suggesting impairments in conflict resolution and late-stage inhibitory processes, respectively. Inhibitory control impairment was more pronounced as evidenced by the decreased NoGo P3 amplitudes in OUDs compared to HCs in an opium-related context. Similarly, lower Go P3 amplitudes in this context among OUDs suggest a more extensive effect on controlled processing. Finally, OUD participants showed enhanced attentional bias towards opium-related cues, as indicated by larger N1 amplitudes. Overall, these findings align with dual-process models of addiction by indicating an impaired top-down control, and increased drug cue reactivity, which likely underpins persistent addictive behaviors in OUD. The study highlights the need for therapeutic strategies focusing on inhibitory control and cue-induced craving to address OUD rehabilitation effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and clinical utility of heroin craving questionnaire factors in treatment-enrolled individuals with opioid use disorder","authors":"April C. May ,&nbsp;Breanna A. McNaughton-Long ,&nbsp;Chrysantha B. Davis ,&nbsp;Abigail J. Pleiman ,&nbsp;Carmen Buchfink ,&nbsp;Rayus Kuplicki ,&nbsp;Hung-Wen Yeh ,&nbsp;Martin P. Paulus ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychometric properties of opioid craving assessments are underexamined, limiting their potential utility for treatment studies of opioid use disorder (OUD). To address this gap, the current study aimed to evaluate the predictive utility of the Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ) for future substance use outcomes. Treatment-enrolled participants with OUD (<em>n</em> = 128) completed the Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ) at baseline and were followed up to assess future return to use versus abstinence. Individuals who maintained abstinence at each of three follow-up visits also completed the HCQ again. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on baseline HCQ items, and extracted factors were evaluated for: (1) internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha); (2) associations with demographic and clinical variables; (3) follow-up group differences; (4) test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficients: ICCs); and (5) change across visits. EFA results produced a three-factor structure, retaining 30 of 45 HCQ items and accounting for 54.60 % of the variance: (1) Lack of Self-Control (10 items, alpha=.93); (2) Positive Expectancies (11 items, alpha=.91); and (3) Urgency (9 items, alpha=.89). Results indicated that: (1) elevated scores on all three factors were associated with comorbid amphetamine use disorder; (2) higher Lack of Self-Control and Positive Expectancies scores related to fewer days since last heroin use; (3) greater Lack of Self-Control and Urgency scores were associated with higher anxiety severity; and (4) ICCs showed moderate to good test-retest reliability between baseline and follow-up visits. However, factor scores at baseline could not differentiate future relapsers versus abstainers. More research is warranted to replicate these factors in additional OUD samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising opioid-associated skin and soft tissue infections and the emerging threat of xylazine: A national analysis","authors":"Jennifer K. Shah ,&nbsp;Eloise Stanton ,&nbsp;Allen Green ,&nbsp;Riley E. Carbone ,&nbsp;Rahim Nazerali ,&nbsp;Clifford C. Sheckter","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Necrotizing and non-necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are a common and growing cause of hospitalization in individuals who use opioids. This study characterizes the changing epidemiology of opioid-associated SSTI in the United States (US).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The National Inpatient Sample (NIS), 2012–2021, was queried with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to identify SSTI, opioid use or use disorder, and relevant interventions. Comorbidities and demographics were evaluated. Discharge weights were applied to generate national estimates. Statistical analysis included Poisson regression testing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 12,762,635 weighted SSTI encounters, 20.8 % had a record of opioid use. Incidence of both population-adjusted opioid-associated SSTI (IRR 1.11; 95 % CI: 1.09–1.12; p &lt; 0.01) and debridement of such SSTI (IRR 1.07; 95 % CI:1.00–1.01; p &lt; 0.01) increased over the study period. Average annual population-adjusted opioid-associated SSTI incidence was highest in the New England (119 per 100,000 residents) and Middle Atlantic (108 per 100,000 residents) US Census Divisions, and residence in these divisions, as well as the Mountain and Pacific divisions, increased SSTI incidence, relative to the South Atlantic division (p &lt; 0.01). Despite these data being consistent with possible involvement of xylazine, an increasingly frequent adulterant of illicit opioids in the US (especially in the Northeast), ICD-10 codes associated with xylazine use were not significantly associated with population-adjusted, opioid-associated SSTI incidence (p = 0.66).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SSTI incidence and severity increased among individuals who use opioids between 2012 and 2021. Notable demographic variation and concentrated incidence in the Northeast US imply involvement of new factors, including xylazine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing interoceptive awareness in chronic pain and opioid misuse via mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement","authors":"Anna Parisi ,&nbsp;Lisa Taylor-Swanson ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Stewart ,&nbsp;Sahib S. Khalsa ,&nbsp;Eric L. Garland","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Individuals with substance use disorders often report altered interoceptive awareness of internal bodily signals. However, it is unclear whether these alterations also extend to patients with chronic pain who misuse opioids, and whether interventions that enhance interoceptive awareness, such as mindfulness-based therapies, may reduce opioid misuse in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At baseline, participants (N = 372) with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM), and the Brief Pain Inventory. A subset identified as having an elevated risk for opioid misuse (<em>n</em> = 250) were randomized to an 8 week Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) program or supportive group (SG) psychotherapy, and completed MAIA and COMM ratings through a 9-month follow-up period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, lower scores on the MAIA Attention Regulation and Trusting subscales were associated with higher levels of opioid misuse, even after accounting for pain severity and interference. MORE led to significantly greater increases in MAIA total and subscale scores (Attention Regulation, Trusting, and others) compared to SG, which mediated its effects on reducing opioid misuse over the 9-month follow-up period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Individuals with chronic pain who misuse opioids report lower interoceptive awareness than those using opioids as prescribed. By increasing interoceptive awareness, mindfulness-based interventions such as MORE may lessen the misuse of opioid analgesic medications. These findings suggest that interoceptive awareness is a promising intervention target for opioid misuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Medicaid managed care plan performance on opioid use disorder treatment quality metrics","authors":"Maureen T. Stewart ,&nbsp;Sage R. Feltus ,&nbsp;Christina Andrews ,&nbsp;Dominic Hodgkin ,&nbsp;Cindy Parks Thomas ,&nbsp;Constance M. Horgan","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Medicaid managed care plans (MCPs) and states play essential roles in supporting access to high-quality opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment services. This study aimed to identify MCP and state-level policies associated with better plan performance on indicators of quality OUD treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Publicly available data on Medicaid MCPs’ profit status, behavioral health contracting arrangements, market share, buprenorphine prior authorization and quantity limit policies and state Medicaid policies were linked with plan-level measures of OUD treatment quality from the National Committee on Quality Assurance (n = 107). Regression analyses were used to examine associations between Medicaid MCP characteristics, MCP buprenorphine policies, and features of the state policy environment with plan-level rates of OUD treatment initiation and engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average OUD treatment initiation rate was 59.6 % and engagement was 30.9 %. MCPs with large market share had initiation and engagement rates 4.66 and 4.54 percentage points lower, respectively, than plans with small market share. Plans operating in states with 1115 SUD waivers had initiation and engagement rates 7.75 and 8.55 percentage points higher, respectively, than plans in states without waivers. Engagement rates among plans that required prior authorization for buprenorphine were 4.53 percentage points lower than plans without this restriction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest state and MCP policies are important pathways to improve initial and sustained OUD treatment. Further research into these relationships is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEALing Communities Study: Data measures for supporting a community-based intervention to reduce opioid overdose deaths","authors":"Svetla Slavova ,&nbsp;Jennifer Villani ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Feaster ,&nbsp;Austin Booth ,&nbsp;JaNae L. Holloway ,&nbsp;Peter J. Rock ,&nbsp;Lindsey R. Hammerslag ,&nbsp;Aimee Mack ,&nbsp;Charles E. Knott ,&nbsp;John V. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Jeffery Talbert ,&nbsp;Marc R. LaRochelle ,&nbsp;Bridget Freisthler ,&nbsp;Brent J. Gibbons ,&nbsp;Gregory Patts ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Bullard ,&nbsp;Sharon L. Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The HEALing Communities Study (HCS) tested a community-based intervention in 67 communities across Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio to reduce opioid overdose deaths. This paper introduces the HCS measures for monitoring the intervention uptake, reports crude rates for benchmarking, and highlights the importance of interpreting jurisdictional trends in the context of state policies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We present technical specifications for the HCS measures and the common data model. Crude rates for the evaluation period (July 2021- June 2022) are reported by state and study arm (intervention/Wave 1 or wait-listed/Wave 2 communities), along with longitudinal trends from 2017 to 2023. Year 2023 serves as a post-intervention period for Wave 1 communities and an intervention year for Wave 2 communities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After unprecedented increases in 2020–2021, the HCS crude opioid overdose death rates declined in 2023, but remained higher than the 2019 pre-pandemic rates. Opioid overdose death rates exceeded 100/100,000 adults among Non-Hispanic Black individuals in several states. In response to the rapid increase in opioid overdose deaths in Kentucky, the HCS team expanded the naloxone distribution in Kentucky intervention communities, reaching a 10-fold increase in Quarter 3 of 2021 (1498.2 units/100,000 residents). The methadone medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment rate for Medicaid enrollees with opioid use disorder during the evaluation period was highest in Massachusetts intervention communities (274/1000), while the buprenorphine MOUD treatment rate was highest in Kentucky (441/1000).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The HCS measures support comprehensive planning and evaluation of population-level opioid overdose prevention interventions and policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}