Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Carcinogen reduction in a randomized controlled study comparing e-cigarette provision to assessment only among people with serious mental illness who smoke","authors":"Sarah I. Pratt ,&nbsp;Joelle C. Ferron ,&nbsp;Meghan Santos ,&nbsp;Mary F. Brunette ,&nbsp;Cynthia Bianco ,&nbsp;James Sargent ,&nbsp;Haiyi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Smoking rates among people with serious mental illness (SMI) are higher and quit rates are lower than in the general population. These individuals have higher levels of carcinogens in their bodies, contributing to greater prevalence of chronic disease and early mortality, necessitating implementation of novel harm reduction strategies, including switching to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). We conducted an RCT of ENDS provision versus assessment only in people with SMI who smoke to assess cancer risk reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>240 people with SMI (52 % male; 47 % schizophrenia, 53 % bipolar disorder; 55 % non-white; mean breath CO=26.9 ppm, sd=19.9 ppm) who tried but were currently unwilling to quit smoking were randomly assigned to receive disposable ENDS for 8 weeks or assessments only. Total urine NNAL (a metabolite of a tobacco-specific nitrosamine from smoke) was assessed at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks. Generalized linear mixed models examined the effects of ENDS provision on NNAL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean NNAL did not differ by group at baseline (estimate=0.22; se=0.22; t = 0.98; p = 0.33). A significant group-by-time interaction (F=3.68, p &lt; 0.026) indicated that NNAL decreased more over time in the ENDS group. The ENDS group had significantly lower NNAL at 4 weeks (estimate=0.54; se=0.23; t = 2.37; p &lt; .02), but the difference attenuated at 8 weeks (estimate=0.42; se=0.23; t = 1.83; p &lt; .07).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated short-term harm reduction among trial participants who received ENDS. Attenuation of the effect at 8 weeks suggests that ENDS provision alone is insufficient. Development of a program of behavioral support for ENDS substitution may help further reduce harm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of acute aerobic exercise to ameliorate craving and risky decision-making in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder","authors":"Ze-Hui Lyu ,&nbsp;Meng-Ya Li ,&nbsp;Ting Zhu ,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Dong-Shi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the acute effects of aerobic exercise on craving and risky decision-making in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a cross-over design, thirty male participants with MUD were recruited and completed a 30-minute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise task (75 %-80 % HRmax) and a sedentary control task in a randomized order. HR, RPE, and craving were measured before, during, and after each task. After the exercise task, risky decision-making was assessed using three cognitive tasks administered in a randomized order: the Delay Discounting Task (DDT, measuring impulsive decision-making), the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT, assessing myopic decision-making), and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART, evaluating risk-taking behavior). Three experimental paradigms can observe the change of MUD decision-making from three different dimensions, so as to further observe the effect of aerobic exercise on MUD decision-making function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Aerobic exercise significantly reduced craving compared to the sedentary task, with the greatest reductions observed during and immediately following exercise (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Post-exercise, participants demonstrated improved decision-making performance, as evidenced by an increased area under the curve (AUC) in the DDT (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, Cohen's d=0.49, 95 % CI [0.32,0.69]) and higher net scores in the IGT (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, Cohen's d=0.52, 95 % CI [0.10,0.49]). However, no significant changes were found in BART scores or success rates between the two conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acute aerobic exercise effectively reduces craving and enhances decision-making performance, particularly in the domains of impulsive and myopic decision-making, in individuals with MUD. However, no significant effect was observed on risk-taking behavior. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise may serve as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for reducing craving and improving decision-making, potentially lowering recurrence risk in MUD patients. Furthermore, this study has limitations in the correlation between a single experiment and long-term benefits and gender.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use issues preceding suicide: A Swedish nationwide record review","authors":"Sabrina Doering ,&nbsp;Mattias Jonson ,&nbsp;Klara Ernback Schön ,&nbsp;Sara Lindström ,&nbsp;Anna Ehnvall ,&nbsp;Stefan Wiktorsson ,&nbsp;Anne Stefenson ,&nbsp;Åsa Westrin ,&nbsp;Margda Waern","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) is associated with elevated suicide risk. The aim was to compare health care contacts as well as clinical and suicide-specific characteristics in individuals with and without substance use issues who died by suicide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were derived from a nationwide medical record review of confirmed suicides in Sweden. In the current study we included individuals with at least one physician contact in the last year of life (<em>N</em> = 956). Substance use issues were defined as either a SUD diagnosis, physician notations of ongoing substance use, or a prescription for SUD medication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Substance use issues were found in 21 % of the total cohort. Individuals with substance use issues were more likely to have notations of social stressors. Depressive disorders were recorded in 23 % of the total cohort with no differences between those with and without substance use issues. Anxiety disorders were more common in individuals with substance use issues, as were notations of depressive symptoms and anxiety. In the final month of life, 66 % in the substance use group saw a psychiatrist, but fewer consulted GPs (29 %). Suicide risk was noted in 25 % of individuals with substance use issues, and in 15 % of those without.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Many individuals with substance use issues were not identified as suicidal despite frequent healthcare contact, underscoring gaps in risk recognition. Improving risk management requires better training for professionals and enhanced collaboration between healthcare providers to address these complex needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “A within-subject cross-over trial comparing the acute effects of oral delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy adults” [Drug Alcohol Depend. 272 (2025) 112676]","authors":"C. Austin Zamarripa ,&nbsp;Tory R. Spindle ,&nbsp;Destiny Schriefer ,&nbsp;Edward J. Cone ,&nbsp;Ruth E. Winecker ,&nbsp;Ronald Flegel ,&nbsp;Eugene Hayes ,&nbsp;Lisa S. Davis ,&nbsp;David Kuntz ,&nbsp;Ryan Vandrey","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unpleasant mood reverses satiety’s effect on tobacco reinforcement","authors":"Víctor Martínez-Loredo ,&nbsp;Jorge L. Ordoñez-Carrasco","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite empirical support of goal-directed behavior models of dependence, the role of mood on substance use is unclear. The Reinforcer Pathology (RP) model may be useful to describe it specific effects in substance-related variables. This study aims to test mood induction’s effect on tobacco demand and integrate results into the RP model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-two participants from the general population, aged 18–34, who smoked at least five cigarettes daily and presented no severe mental health conditions completed the study using a two-group design (between-subject factor: pleasant vs unpleasant mood induction; within factor: pre-, post-induction). They complete measures of mood status, tobacco reinforcing efficacy, delay discounting, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, environmental reinforcement, negative/positive urgency and tobacco-related/free reinforcement. Before mood induction, all participants were sated with nicotine after being asked to smoke freely.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While pleasant mood reduced intensity, O_max and breakpoint and increased elasticity, unpleasant mood produced the opposite pattern. This effect was dose dependent and effect sizes were large (<em>f</em> = 0.39–0.50). Mood induction did not significantly affect delay discounting significantly. The association between classical RP variables and new candidates (emotional symptoms, pleasant/negative urgency, tobacco-related/free reinforcement) was differently influenced by mood valance (<em>r</em> = |.359–.532|).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results support the goal-directed behavior model of dependence and extend the RP model by integrating the role of mood induction. The effect of mood seems particularly large in intensity, O_max, and elasticity and this effect may depend on emotional regulation skills and contextual variables, such as substance-free reinforcement and environmental reward.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong concordance and correlation between direct alcohol biomarkers and alcohol self-report among youth with variable drinking patterns","authors":"Lindsay R. Meredith ,&nbsp;Anna E. Kirkland ,&nbsp;ReJoyce Green ,&nbsp;Rachel L. Tomko ,&nbsp;Brittney D. Browning ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Gray ,&nbsp;Raymond F. Anton ,&nbsp;Robert Miranda Jr. ,&nbsp;Lindsay M. Squeglia","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Heavy drinking among adolescents is associated with various consequences but is often undetected, limiting early intervention. Self-report of alcohol use has strengths but can be inaccurate due to recall biases and underreporting. Objective biomarkers may improve detection of drinking and related consequences, but few adolescent studies have assessed biomarker concordance with subjective self-report.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Youth aged 15–19 (54 % female) with minimal (n = 22) or heavy (n = 56) drinking patterns attended two research-related visits, approximately 13 days apart. Biospecimens were collected at both visits for urine ethylglucuronide (EtG) quantification (100<!--> <!-->ng/ml cutoff) and at visit two for whole blood phosphatidylethanol (PEth) quantification (20<!--> <!-->ng/ml cutoff). Cohen’s Kappa concordance and Spearman’s Rank Order correlations compared biomarkers and self-report drinking via Timeline Follow-back method. Exploratory analyses evaluated whether PEth improved model accuracy for alcohol-related severity outcomes beyond self-report.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EtG had moderate concordance with any prior 2- or 3-day drinking (κ=.46–.53) at visit one but had substantial concordance by visit two (κ=.66–.80). PEth showed substantial concordance with any drinking (κ=.63–.66) and was strongly correlated with total drinks (<em>r</em>_<em>s</em>=.80–.82) in prior 2- or 4-weeks. PEth and self-report drinking were not consistently associated with severity outcomes, although PEth improved model accuracy for select outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings largely support agreement of biomarkers with adolescent reported drinking in a research context without contingent rewards or punishments. Results suggest that collection of alcohol biomarkers may be most informative at an initial appointment to inform study eligibility. Quantity of alcohol consumption alone did not adequately account for youth-reported alcohol-related consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 112734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of outcome expectancies with smoking: A meta-analysis","authors":"Martin Pinquart,&nbsp;Katharina Scheurle","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Expected positive and negative outcomes of smoking have been suggested to predict nicotine involvement. The present meta-analysis integrated research on the associations between smoking outcome expectancies and smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A systematic search in the electronic databases PsycInfo, Medline, Psyndex, Google Scholar, and Web of Science identified 215 studies, which were included in a multi-level meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Positive smoking outcome expectancies were associated with higher smoking levels, with expectancies that smoking reduces negative affect showing the strongest correlation (<em>r</em> = .29) and expectancies that smoking helps with appetite/weight reduction showing the weakest correlation with smoking (<em>r</em> = .14). Associations of expected negative outcomes of smoking tended to be weaker than associations with positive outcome expectancies and were, in part, inconsistent. There were moderating effects of child age, percentage of individuals who smoke, sampling (clinical versus nonclinical), outcome measure (quantity of smoking versus nicotine dependence; use of conventional cigarettes versus e-cigarettes), publication status, and validity of the outcome expectancy measure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Expectancies about the reduction of negative affect via smoking are a particularly relevant target for prevention and intervention. Our results indicate that decreasing positive expectancies may be more promising than increasing negative expectancies. Tobacco control advocates should draw attention to perceived consequences of smoking in designing measures aimed at preventing smoking initiation and reducing smoking involvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexually transmitted infection prevalence and testing coverage among people who inject drugs: A systematic review","authors":"Olivia Price ,&nbsp;Paige Webb ,&nbsp;Jason Grebely ,&nbsp;Amy Peacock ,&nbsp;Nicholas Medland ,&nbsp;Phillip Read ,&nbsp;Emily Cooke ,&nbsp;Matthew Hickman ,&nbsp;Peter Vickerman ,&nbsp;Louisa Degenhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individual- and structural-level factors place people who inject drugs at excess risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI). We reviewed existing evidence on STI prevalence and testing coverage among this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted searches of peer-reviewed and grey literature for papers or reports published between January 2008 and April 2024. Data were summarised using narrative synthesis, and where appropriate, regional and global estimates weighted by population size of people who inject drugs were generated using random effects meta-analysis. Meta-regressions were undertaken to examine study- and country-level sources of heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Data on STI prevalence and testing coverage were sparse, which precluded meta-analysis except for syphilis prevalence. We estimated global active syphilis prevalence among people who inject drugs as 3.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.3–4.6). There was regional variation, with estimates ranging from 0.1 % (0–0.3) in North America to 7.2 % (3.6–11.7) in Latin America. Based on a small number of studies (n = 12) that stratified estimates by gender, active syphilis prevalence was higher among women (8.1 %, 3.6–13.7) than men (2.3 %, 1.4–3.5). Higher HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs at both study and country level were associated with higher syphilis prevalence. Chlamydia prevalence estimates (n = 22) ranged 0–12.5 %, gonorrhoea prevalence (n = 20) ranged 0–2 %, and past year STI testing uptake (n = 8) ranged 8–62 %.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>More evidence on STI prevalence and testing uptake among people who inject drugs is urgently needed. Embedding STI diagnosis and treatment services within bloodborne virus programs could be an effective control measure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112732"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in psychosis-related emergency department and hospitalization rates among youth following cannabis legalization in Colorado","authors":"Spruha Joshi ,&nbsp;Kyle M. Snyder ,&nbsp;Christian Thurstone ,&nbsp;Bianca D. Rivera ,&nbsp;Justin Feldman ,&nbsp;Magdalena Cerdá ,&nbsp;Noa Krawczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An increasing number of U.S. states have legalized cannabis, but the effect on adolescent and young adult psychosis-related hospitalizations remains under-studied. Using data from Denver Health between 2005 and 2020, we examined associations between implementation of the Ogden Memo (expanding use of medical cannabis in Colorado, October 2009) and Amendment 64 (legalizing adult-use cannabis in Colorado, November 2012) and trends in psychosis-related emergency department and hospital visits with and without cannabis use disorder (CUD) among youth aged 10–29. Patients with psychosis hospitalizations were predominately male (68 %), white (53 %), and Medicaid recipients (59 %). Significant increases (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in the monthly average rate of psychosis hospitalizations between pre-Ogden memo (21.9 per 100,000) and post-Ogden memo pre-legalization (28.0 per 100,000) and post-legalization (32.3 per 100,000). Similarly, significant increases (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in the monthly average rate of psychosis hospitalizations involving CUD between pre-Ogden memo (2.0 per 100,000), post-Ogden memo and pre-legalization (3.4 per 100,000), and post-legalization (8.5 per 100,000). Interrupted time series modeling found a significant difference in the trends for psychosis hospitalizations involving CUD following recreational legalization (change in average monthly rate went from 0.02/100,000 (95 % CI −0.02, 0.06) to 0.11/100,000 (95 % CI 0.09, 0.13)<strong>,</strong> (difference (0.09 (95 %CI 0.05, 0.14)). Findings suggest an increase in overall hospital encounters for psychosis among youth after the legalization of recreational cannabis. Given the adoption of increasingly permissive cannabis laws, there is a need to plan effective public health responses that could mitigate unintended consequences related to cannabis use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis consumption patterns, adverse events, and cannabis risk beliefs: A latent profile analysis in WA State","authors":"Sharon B. Garrett ,&nbsp;Jason R. Williams ,&nbsp;Beatriz H. Carlini ,&nbsp;David Hammond","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannabis legalization has increased the diversity of products available to people wishing to purchase cannabis. Understanding profiles of people who use cannabis, including use of different product types and how these relate to adverse events and risk beliefs may aid public health professionals, clinicians, and people who use cannabis who are seeking to reduce the risk of cannabis use. This cross-sectional study used data from Washington State residents between 16 and 65 years old collected between 2019 and 2022 as part of the International Cannabis Policy Study to characterize of patterns of use through Latent Profile Analysis. The study describes six cluster groups made up of those who reported past year cannabis use (N = 3298) that differed by frequency of use of cannabis product types, ranging from the lowest use group that averaged weekly use of primarily flower to a group characterized by daily use of concentrates. Contrasting with clinical studies that indicate that adverse events increase with THC levels and frequency of use, this group reported significantly fewer adverse events than the group with the next most frequent use who reported a greater variety of product types. These findings may be influenced by transitions between groups, which are not captured in this cross-sectional study. The four groups with most frequent use and greatest variety of product types, were all significantly more likely to self-identify as “addicted” than the lowest use, primarily flower, group. There were few differences in risk beliefs between groups. Efforts to reduce cannabis risk should focus on reducing frequency of use and possibly limiting polymodal cannabis use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 112728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}