Associations of outcome expectancies with smoking: A meta-analysis

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112727

Martin Pinquart, Katharina Scheurle

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Expected positive and negative outcomes of smoking have been suggested to predict nicotine involvement. The present meta-analysis integrated research on the associations between smoking outcome expectancies and smoking.

Method

A systematic search in the electronic databases PsycInfo, Medline, Psyndex, Google Scholar, and Web of Science identified 215 studies, which were included in a multi-level meta-analysis.

Results

Positive smoking outcome expectancies were associated with higher smoking levels, with expectancies that smoking reduces negative affect showing the strongest correlation (r = .29) and expectancies that smoking helps with appetite/weight reduction showing the weakest correlation with smoking (r = .14). Associations of expected negative outcomes of smoking tended to be weaker than associations with positive outcome expectancies and were, in part, inconsistent. There were moderating effects of child age, percentage of individuals who smoke, sampling (clinical versus nonclinical), outcome measure (quantity of smoking versus nicotine dependence; use of conventional cigarettes versus e-cigarettes), publication status, and validity of the outcome expectancy measure.

Conclusions

Expectancies about the reduction of negative affect via smoking are a particularly relevant target for prevention and intervention. Our results indicate that decreasing positive expectancies may be more promising than increasing negative expectancies. Tobacco control advocates should draw attention to perceived consequences of smoking in designing measures aimed at preventing smoking initiation and reducing smoking involvement.

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结果预期与吸烟的关系：一项荟萃分析

目的预期的积极和消极的吸烟结果已经被认为可以预测尼古丁的危害。本荟萃分析综合了吸烟结果预期与吸烟之间关系的研究。方法系统检索PsycInfo、Medline、Psyndex、谷歌Scholar和Web of Science等电子数据库，确定215项研究，并将其纳入多层次元分析。结果积极的吸烟预期结果与较高的吸烟水平相关，其中吸烟减少负面影响的预期相关性最强（r = 0.29），吸烟有助于食欲/体重减轻的预期与吸烟的相关性最弱（r = 0.14）。预期吸烟的负面结果的关联往往弱于预期吸烟的正面结果的关联，并且在某种程度上是不一致的。儿童年龄、吸烟人群百分比、抽样（临床与非临床）、结果测量(吸烟量与尼古丁依赖；使用传统香烟与电子香烟)，发表状态，以及结果预期测量的有效性。结论通过吸烟减少负面影响的预期是预防和干预的一个特别重要的目标。我们的研究结果表明，减少积极期望可能比增加消极期望更有希望。烟草控制倡导者在设计旨在防止开始吸烟和减少吸烟的措施时应提请注意吸烟的明显后果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug and alcohol dependence 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

409

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Drug and Alcohol Dependence is an international journal devoted to publishing original research, scholarly reviews, commentaries, and policy analyses in the area of drug, alcohol and tobacco use and dependence. Articles range from studies of the chemistry of substances of abuse, their actions at molecular and cellular sites, in vitro and in vivo investigations of their biochemical, pharmacological and behavioural actions, laboratory-based and clinical research in humans, substance abuse treatment and prevention research, and studies employing methods from epidemiology, sociology, and economics.